Photovoltaic panel angle following method and device

Abstract

The invention discloses a photovoltaic panel angle following method and device, relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, and mainly aims to improve the adaptability and flexibility of a photovoltaic panel during angle following, so that the photovoltaic panel always keeps an optimal angle facing the sun, and the energy absorption efficiency is maintained at a high level for a long time. According to the main technical scheme, the method comprises the steps of obtaining a current value of each edge of a photovoltaic panel; determining a following mode corresponding to the photovoltaic panel according to the current value of each edge, wherein the following mode comprises a passive tracking mode and an active pre-judgment mode; when the mode is the passive tracking mode, calculating a first adjustment angle corresponding to the photovoltaic panel by using a first preset rule, and controlling the first mechanism and the second mechanism to carry out angle following according to the first adjustment angle; and when the mode is the active pre-judgment mode, estimating a second adjustment angle corresponding to the photovoltaic panel by using a second preset rule, and controlling the first mechanism and the second mechanism to carry out angle following according to the second adjustment angle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic panel angle following method and device. Background Art

[0002] With the growth of global energy demand and the enhancement of environmental awareness, solar energy as a clean and renewable energy has received widespread attention. As one of the main devices for solar energy conversion, the efficiency and stability of photovoltaic panels are directly related to the overall efficiency of solar power generation systems. In order to improve the energy absorption efficiency of photovoltaic panels, it is necessary to optimize the position of photovoltaic panels so that they can receive the maximum amount of sunlight.

[0003] At present, the angle tracking of photovoltaic panels in the existing technology is usually achieved by installing photosensitive elements to detect the light intensity in all directions, and adjusting the angle of the photovoltaic panels according to the changes in light intensity so that they always face the sun. Although this method is simple, it cannot be adjusted in time in scenes with large changes in light conditions such as cloudy occlusion and day and night alternation, making it difficult for the photovoltaic panels to always maintain the optimal angle facing the sun, thereby affecting the energy absorption efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present application provides a photovoltaic panel angle following method and device, the main purpose of which is to improve the adaptability and flexibility of the photovoltaic panel during angle following, so that the photovoltaic panel always maintains the optimal angle facing the sun, so as to maintain the energy absorption efficiency at a high level for a long time.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, this application proposes the following solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a photovoltaic panel angle following method, which is applied to a photovoltaic panel installed with an electric bracket, wherein the electric bracket includes a first mechanism and a second mechanism, wherein the first mechanism is used to control the photovoltaic panel to rotate in a horizontal direction, and the second mechanism is used to control the photovoltaic panel to tilt in a vertical direction, and the method includes:

[0007] Acquire the current value of each edge of the photovoltaic panel, wherein the current value is converted and fed back by a photosensitive element installed at each edge of the photovoltaic panel;

[0008] Determining a following mode corresponding to the photovoltaic panel according to the current value of each edge, wherein the following mode includes a passive tracking mode and an active prediction mode;

[0009] When the passive tracking mode is used, a first preset rule is used to calculate a first adjustment angle corresponding to the photovoltaic panel, and the first mechanism and the second mechanism are controlled to follow the first adjustment angle, wherein the first preset rule is used to represent a rule for calculating the adjustment angle according to the change in the horizontal and vertical difference corresponding to the current value;

[0010] When in the active prediction mode, the second preset rule is used to estimate the second adjustment angle corresponding to the photovoltaic panel, and the first mechanism and the second mechanism are controlled to follow the second adjustment angle. The second preset rule is used to characterize the rule for calculating the adjustment angle according to the change of the sun's trajectory.

[0011] In a second aspect, the present application provides a photovoltaic panel angle following device, which is applied to a photovoltaic panel installed with an electric bracket, wherein the electric bracket includes a first mechanism and a second mechanism, wherein the first mechanism is used to control the photovoltaic panel to rotate in a horizontal direction, and the second mechanism is used to control the photovoltaic panel to tilt in a vertical direction, and the device includes:

[0012] An acquisition unit, used to acquire a current value at each edge of the photovoltaic panel, wherein the current value is converted and fed back by a photosensitive element installed at each edge of the photovoltaic panel;

[0013] a determining unit, configured to determine a following mode corresponding to the photovoltaic panel according to the current value obtained by the acquiring unit, wherein the following mode includes a passive tracking mode and an active prediction mode;

[0014] a first processing unit, configured to calculate a first adjustment angle corresponding to the photovoltaic panel using a first preset rule when the determination unit determines that the passive tracking mode is used, and control the first mechanism and the second mechanism to perform angle tracking according to the first adjustment angle, wherein the first preset rule is used to represent a rule for calculating the adjustment angle according to a change in the horizontal and vertical difference corresponding to the current value;

[0015] The second processing unit is used to estimate the second adjustment angle corresponding to the photovoltaic panel by using a second preset rule when the determination unit determines that it is the active prediction mode, and control the first mechanism and the second mechanism to follow the angle according to the second adjustment angle. The second preset rule is used to characterize the rule for calculating the adjustment angle according to the change of the sun's trajectory.

[0016] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, according to the third aspect of the present application, a storage medium is provided, wherein the storage medium includes a stored program, wherein when the program is running, the device where the storage medium is located is controlled to execute the photovoltaic panel angle following method of the first aspect mentioned above.

[0017] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, according to a fourth aspect of the present application, a processor is provided, wherein the processor is used to run a program, wherein the photovoltaic panel angle following method of the above-mentioned first aspect is executed when the program is run.

[0018] By means of the above-mentioned technical scheme, a photovoltaic panel angle following method and device provided in the present application obtains the current value of each edge of the photovoltaic panel when the photovoltaic panel needs to be angle followed. The current value is converted and fed back by a photosensitive element installed on each edge of the photovoltaic panel. The following mode corresponding to the photovoltaic panel is determined according to the current value of each edge. The following mode includes a passive tracking mode and an active prediction mode. When it is the passive tracking mode, the first adjustment angle is calculated according to the change of the horizontal and vertical difference corresponding to the current value, and the photovoltaic panel is controlled to follow the angle according to the first adjustment angle. When it is the active prediction mode, the second adjustment angle is calculated according to the change of the sun's trajectory, and the photovoltaic panel is controlled to follow the angle according to the second adjustment angle. Through the technical solution provided in the present application, the change of lighting conditions can be reflected by the current value of each edge of the photovoltaic panel, and the mode of the photovoltaic panel following the sun can be switched according to the change of lighting conditions. When the lighting conditions are good, the adjustment angle is calculated by the change of the horizontal and longitudinal current difference, and the photovoltaic panel is controlled to follow the angle. When the lighting conditions are poor, the adjustment angle is calculated by the change of the sun's trajectory, and the photovoltaic panel is controlled to follow the angle. This makes the photovoltaic panel have strong adaptability and flexibility when following the angle, and the photovoltaic panel can always maintain the optimal angle facing the sun, so that the energy absorption efficiency is maintained at a high level for a long time.

[0019] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art by reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be considered as limiting the present application. Also, the same reference symbols are used throughout the accompanying drawings to represent the same components. In the accompanying drawings:

[0021] Figure 1 A flow chart of a photovoltaic panel angle following method provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0022] Figure 2 Another flow chart of a photovoltaic panel angle following method provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0023] Figure 3A block diagram of a photovoltaic panel angle following device provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0024] Figure 4 A block diagram of another photovoltaic panel angle following device provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the present disclosure and to fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0026] At present, the angle tracking of photovoltaic panels in the existing technology is usually achieved by installing photosensitive elements to detect the light intensity in all directions, and adjusting the angle of the photovoltaic panels according to the changes in light intensity so that they always face the sun. Although this method is simple and low-cost, it cannot be adjusted in time in scenes with large changes in light conditions such as cloudy occlusion and day and night alternation, and it is easy to stagnate for a long time, which makes it difficult for the photovoltaic panels to always maintain the optimal angle facing the sun, thereby affecting the energy absorption efficiency.

[0027] After research, the inventor found that two modes, passive tracking and active prediction, can be set to overcome the disadvantages caused by large changes in lighting conditions. First, the current value at each edge of the photovoltaic panel is used to determine which mode to use, that is, the current value converted from light is received by components such as photoresistors to monitor whether the current sun is blocked. When it is not blocked, the adjustment angle is determined by the horizontal and vertical difference changes in the current value to achieve passive following. When blocked, the conditional angle is determined by the change in the sun's trajectory to achieve active prediction. In this way, the photovoltaic panel can switch the mode of following the sun according to the changes in lighting conditions, so that the photovoltaic panel has strong adaptability and flexibility when following the angle, and the photovoltaic panel can always maintain the optimal angle facing the sun, so that the energy absorption efficiency is maintained at a high level for a long time. This application is not only suitable for static scenes with fixed positions such as lighting, monitoring, and advertising screens, but also for dynamic scenes with moving positions such as solar charging vehicles and solar sailing boats.

[0028] Based on the above considerations, the embodiment of the present application provides a photovoltaic panel angle following method, which is applied to a photovoltaic panel installed with an electric bracket, the electric bracket includes a first mechanism and a second mechanism, the first mechanism is used to control the photovoltaic panel to rotate in the horizontal direction, and the second mechanism is used to control the photovoltaic panel to tilt in the vertical direction. This method can improve the adaptability and flexibility of the photovoltaic panel in angle following, so that the photovoltaic panel always maintains the optimal angle facing the sun, so as to maintain the energy absorption efficiency at a high level for a long time. The specific execution steps are as follows: Figure 1 As shown, including:

[0029] 101. Obtain the current value at each edge of the photovoltaic panel.

[0030] Among them, the current value is converted and fed back by the photosensitive elements installed on each edge of the photovoltaic panel. It should be noted that the execution body of this embodiment can be a central processing unit or a control unit installed on the photovoltaic panel. In this step, a photosensitive element is pre-installed on each edge of the photovoltaic panel, and usually a photoresistor, a photodiode or other types of photosensitive sensors can be selected. The light intensity at each edge is detected by a photosensitive element and converted into a corresponding current value, and the conversion of the current value can be achieved by a current sensor or a circuit. The sampling frequency of the current value can be set according to actual conditions, such as according to the energy consumption and wear of the first mechanism and the second mechanism in the electric bracket, or according to the rate of change of light at the location of the photovoltaic panel, etc., which is not limited in this embodiment. Normally, the acquisition frequency is at least once per second to ensure real-time performance, but it should not be too frequent.

[0031] The collected current value is transmitted to the central processor or control unit by wireless or wired means, and serial communication, CAN bus, Wi-Fi or Bluetooth communication methods can be used to facilitate the execution of step 102.

[0032] 102. Determine a following mode corresponding to the photovoltaic panel according to the current value of each edge.

[0033] Among them, the following mode includes passive tracking mode and active prediction mode.

[0034] In this step, the passive tracking mode refers to the mode of following the sun in scenes with good lighting conditions such as sunny days, while the active prediction mode refers to the mode of following the sun in scenes with poor lighting conditions such as cloudy, strong haze, and overcast days. As the better the lighting conditions, the greater the light intensity received by the photosensitive element, the current value converted from the light intensity will also increase, and vice versa. Therefore, in order to make the two following modes correspond to scenes with better lighting conditions and scenes with worse lighting conditions respectively, a current value threshold can be set in advance. By comparing the current value of each edge with the current value threshold, the following mode that is more suitable for the current lighting conditions can be distinguished. A judgment standard can be set. For example, when the current value of each edge is greater than the current value threshold, or more edges in the current value of each edge are greater than the current value threshold, it means that the current scene may be a sunny day or other scenes with better lighting conditions. In such a scene, if the incident angle of sunlight deviates slightly from the facing angle of the photovoltaic panel, the current value of each edge of the photovoltaic panel will show a more obvious difference, then the passive tracking mode can be used as a more suitable following mode, otherwise it means that the current scene may be a cloudy day or other scenes with worse lighting conditions, then the active prediction mode can be used as a more suitable following mode.

[0035] 103. Calculate a first adjustment angle corresponding to the photovoltaic panel using a first preset rule, and control the first mechanism and the second mechanism to perform angle following according to the first adjustment angle.

[0036] The first preset rule is used to represent a rule for calculating the adjustment angle according to the change in the horizontal and vertical difference corresponding to the current value.

[0037] In this step, the horizontal and vertical difference changes are used to characterize the current difference changes at the horizontal and vertical edges of the photovoltaic panel. As can be seen from the aforementioned step 102, in scenes with good lighting conditions such as sunny days, if the incident angle of sunlight deviates slightly from the facing angle of the photovoltaic panel, the current value of each edge of the photovoltaic panel will show a more obvious difference. Based on this difference in current value, the angle that needs to be adjusted in the horizontal direction relying on the first mechanism and in the vertical direction relying on the second mechanism can be calculated, that is, the first adjustment angle, which includes the horizontal rotation angle and the vertical tilt angle. A control instruction with the first adjustment angle is generated and transmitted to the first mechanism and the second mechanism of the electric bracket to control the first mechanism and the second mechanism of the electric bracket to adjust according to the calculated first adjustment angle respectively.

[0038] Specifically, the current difference of the current value of each edge in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction under different lighting conditions can be tested in advance, and the energy absorption efficiency is highest when the incident angle of sunlight and the facing angle of the photovoltaic panel are directly opposite (90 degrees vertical) when there is no difference. The angle of the photovoltaic panel is adjusted, and the angle of each adjustment is recorded. The adjusted angle and the current difference are fit to obtain a nonlinear correspondence between the two. The first adjustment angle is determined through the correspondence. Alternatively, a correspondence between the current difference and the angle to be adjusted can be directly set according to human experience, and the first adjustment angle is determined based on the correspondence. This embodiment does not limit this.

[0039] In addition, in order to prevent the first adjustment angle from exceeding the mechanical precision of the first mechanism and the second mechanism in the electric bracket, a current difference threshold can be set in advance. When the current difference threshold is exceeded, passive follow-up adjustment will be performed, otherwise no adjustment will be performed, thereby avoiding the situation where inaccurate angle following is caused by rash adjustment due to mechanical precision not keeping up.

[0040] In this way, when the lighting conditions are good, the photovoltaic panel can be quickly adjusted by passively following the position of the sun, so that it can always maintain the optimal angle facing the sun, and the energy absorption efficiency can be maintained at a high level for a long time. At the same time, compared with the light intensity, the current can more directly reflect the working state and energy absorption of the photovoltaic panel, that is, the current can provide more effective and accurate feedback, so that in scenes with good lighting conditions, the passive following mode can maintain a high accuracy.

[0041] 104. Estimate a second adjustment angle corresponding to the photovoltaic panel using a second preset rule, and control the first mechanism and the second mechanism to perform angle following according to the second adjustment angle.

[0042] The second preset rule is used to characterize the rule for calculating the adjustment angle according to the change of the sun's trajectory.

[0043] In practical applications, the change of the sun's trajectory specifically refers to the change of its azimuth and altitude during the movement of the sun. Since the change of azimuth and altitude is related to the geographical location of the photovoltaic panel, it is also related to the season and time point faced by the photovoltaic panel, that is, in different geographical locations and at different times, the change of the solar trajectory faced by the photovoltaic panel is different. Therefore, in this step, the location information such as the latitude, longitude and altitude of the photovoltaic panel, as well as the time information such as the date and time point can be collected in advance, and the azimuth and altitude of the sun are calculated by combining the solar trajectory prediction algorithm such as the Solar Position Algorithm or ephem library of NREL, and then compared with the current azimuth and altitude of the photovoltaic panel respectively, so as to determine the angle required to be adjusted in the horizontal direction depending on the first mechanism and in the vertical direction depending on the second mechanism, that is, the second adjustment angle, which includes the horizontal rotation angle and the vertical tilt angle. The control instruction with the second adjustment angle is transmitted to the first mechanism and the second mechanism of the electric bracket by generating a control instruction with the second adjustment angle to control the first mechanism and the second mechanism of the electric bracket to adjust according to the calculated second adjustment angle respectively.

[0044] Using this method, when lighting conditions are poor, the facing angle of the photovoltaic panels can be quickly adjusted by actively predicting the position of the sun, so that they can always remain at the optimal angle facing the sun, enabling the energy absorption efficiency to be maintained at a high level for a long time.

[0045] Based on the above Figure 1 It can be seen from the implementation method that, through the above technical scheme, a photovoltaic panel angle following method provided by the present application is to obtain the current value of each edge of the photovoltaic panel when the photovoltaic panel needs to be angle followed, and the current value is converted and fed back by the photosensitive element installed on each edge of the photovoltaic panel. The following mode corresponding to the photovoltaic panel is determined according to the current value of each edge, and the following mode includes a passive tracking mode and an active prediction mode. When it is the passive tracking mode, the first adjustment angle is calculated according to the change of the horizontal and vertical difference corresponding to the current value, and the photovoltaic panel is controlled to follow the angle according to the first adjustment angle. When it is the active prediction mode, the second adjustment angle is calculated according to the change of the sun's trajectory, and the photovoltaic panel is controlled to follow the angle according to the second adjustment angle. Through the technical solution provided in the present application, the change of lighting conditions can be reflected by the current value of each edge of the photovoltaic panel, and the mode of the photovoltaic panel following the sun can be switched according to the change of lighting conditions. When the lighting conditions are good, the adjustment angle is calculated by the change of the horizontal and longitudinal current difference, and the photovoltaic panel is controlled to follow the angle. When the lighting conditions are poor, the adjustment angle is calculated by the change of the sun's trajectory, and the photovoltaic panel is controlled to follow the angle. This makes the photovoltaic panel have strong adaptability and flexibility when following the angle, and the photovoltaic panel can always maintain the optimal angle facing the sun, so that the energy absorption efficiency is maintained at a high level for a long time.

[0046] Further, the preferred embodiment of the present application is in the above Figure 1 Based on this, a detailed description of the photovoltaic panel angle following process is given. The specific steps are as follows: Figure 2 As shown, including:

[0047] 201. Obtain a preset collection frequency.

[0048] The acquisition frequency is determined based on the rotational energy consumption and rotational wear of the first mechanism and the second mechanism.

[0049] In this step, frequent adjustment of the angle of the photovoltaic panel will lead to higher energy consumption and increase the wear of mechanical parts. Therefore, the rotation characteristics of the first mechanism and the second mechanism can be tested experimentally to determine the energy consumption and wear of each rotation, and the energy consumption and wear data at different acquisition frequencies can be recorded to analyze the most suitable acquisition frequency. Exemplarily, once every 5 minutes to once every 30 minutes can be used as a frequency interval, and the average energy consumption and average wear of the first mechanism and the second mechanism can be measured in turn. By comparing the average energy consumption and average wear, an optimal frequency that can minimize energy consumption and wear while ensuring a certain energy absorption efficiency is selected as the acquisition frequency, thereby reducing energy consumption and wear without causing a sluggish passive tracking process.

[0050] It should be noted that different weather conditions (such as sunny, cloudy, overcast, etc.) will affect the rate of change of light intensity, so the acquisition frequency can also be set according to the rate of change of light intensity. For example, when the light intensity changes rapidly, the acquisition frequency can be set to a higher frequency value.

[0051] 202. Obtain the current value of each edge of the photovoltaic panel according to the acquisition frequency.

[0052] In this step, a timing task can be set in the central processor or control unit on the photovoltaic panel according to the acquisition frequency, and the current value of each edge of the photovoltaic panel can be obtained according to the acquisition frequency by executing the timing task. Specifically, the current value can be converted into a digital signal by a current sensor installed corresponding to the photoresistor, and transmitted to the central processor or control unit through serial communication, CAN bus, Wi-Fi or Bluetooth and other communication methods. The central processor or control unit stores the collected current value in a local database for subsequent analysis.

[0053] 203. Determine whether the current value of each edge is greater than a preset current threshold.

[0054] In this step, the preset current threshold is a reference value obtained based on the performance test of the photovoltaic panel under different lighting conditions. The following mode that is more suitable for the current lighting conditions is distinguished by comparing the current value of each edge with the preset current value threshold. Specifically, when the current value of each edge is greater than the current value threshold, it means that the current scene may be a sunny day or other scene with good lighting conditions. In such a scene, if the incident angle of sunlight deviates slightly from the facing angle of the photovoltaic panel, the current value of each edge of the photovoltaic panel will show a more obvious difference, then the passive tracking mode can be used as a more suitable following mode, and steps 204-205 are executed at this time. Otherwise, it means that the current scene may be a cloudy day or other scene with poor lighting conditions, then the active prediction mode can be used as a more suitable following mode, and steps 206-207 are executed at this time.

[0055] For example, assuming that the preset current threshold is 0.2ma, the photovoltaic panel has four edges, corresponding to the left, right, top and bottom directions, and the current values ​​corresponding to each edge are 0.1ma, 0.15ma, 0.09ma and 0.1ma respectively. By comparison, it can be seen that the four current values ​​are all less than the preset current threshold. At this time, the following mode is determined to be the active prediction mode, otherwise the following mode is determined to be the passive following mode.

[0056] 204. Determine that the following mode is a passive tracking mode.

[0057] In this step, the passive tracking mode refers to a mode that follows the sun in scenes with good lighting conditions such as sunny days.

[0058] 205. Calculate a first adjustment angle corresponding to the photovoltaic panel using a first preset rule, and control the first mechanism and the second mechanism to perform angle following according to the first adjustment angle.

[0059] This step is combined with the description of step 104 in the above method, and the same contents are not repeated here.

[0060] It should be noted that the specific execution process of calculating the first adjustment angle corresponding to the photovoltaic panel using the first preset rule is: calculating the horizontal current difference and vertical current difference corresponding to the photovoltaic panel based on the current value of each edge; if the horizontal current difference is greater than the first preset current difference threshold, then using the nonlinear model to determine the horizontal rotation angle corresponding to the horizontal current difference; if the vertical current difference is greater than the second preset current difference threshold, then using the nonlinear model to determine the vertical tilt angle corresponding to the vertical current difference; and using the horizontal rotation angle and the vertical tilt angle as the first adjustment angle.

[0061] Among them, the first preset current difference threshold is determined based on the mechanical accuracy and precision attenuation coefficient of the first mechanism, and the second preset current difference threshold is determined based on the mechanical accuracy and precision attenuation coefficient of the second mechanism. The mechanical accuracy represents the maximum accuracy that can be achieved by the first mechanism and the second mechanism for angle adjustment, specifically the minimum adjustment capacity of the mechanical parts without any wear or aging, which can be determined by the specifications or experiments provided by the manufacturer, and the precision attenuation coefficient represents the degree of accuracy reduction of the first mechanism and the second mechanism during long-term operation, which reflects the quantitative index of the actual adjustment accuracy reduction caused by wear or aging that may occur over time. The precision attenuation coefficient is usually an empirical parameter, which can be determined by experimental data and historical maintenance records. The first preset current difference threshold and the second preset current difference threshold can be determined based on the mechanical accuracy precision attenuation coefficients of the first mechanism and the second mechanism.

[0062] Since the photovoltaic panel is usually rectangular and has four sides, the photosensitive element can be arranged in an axisymmetric manner at each edge of the photovoltaic panel, that is, one group in the horizontal direction and one group in the vertical direction. The horizontal current difference and the vertical current difference corresponding to the photovoltaic panel can be determined by comparing the current values ​​corresponding to these two groups. By comparing whether the horizontal current difference is greater than the first preset current difference threshold, and comparing whether the vertical current difference is greater than the second preset current difference threshold, it can be determined whether the first mechanism and the second mechanism are difficult to achieve the angle adjustment accuracy of the current difference required to adjust the angle. In this step, only when the horizontal current difference and the vertical current difference are respectively greater than the first preset current difference threshold and the second preset current difference threshold, the angle adjustment step will be performed, that is, the nonlinear model is used to calculate the angles that need to be adjusted in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, that is, the horizontal rotation angle and the vertical tilt angle. In this way, it can not only avoid the frequent adjustment of the angle of the photovoltaic panel, which leads to increased energy consumption and wear, but also avoid the situation that the first mechanism and the second mechanism are difficult to achieve the accuracy of angle adjustment when the current difference is small, which leads to inaccurate adjustment.

[0063] For the above description of the nonlinear model, its specific construction process is: pre-test the current value of each edge of the photovoltaic panel under different lighting conditions; use the equivalent rule to adjust the angle of the photovoltaic panel with reference to the current value of each edge of the photovoltaic panel under different lighting conditions, and record the adjustment angle under different lighting conditions; perform fitting processing based on the current value and adjustment angle of each edge of the photovoltaic panel under different lighting conditions to obtain a nonlinear model.

[0064] The equal value rule is used to characterize that the current value of each edge of the photovoltaic panel is equal in the horizontal and vertical directions under different lighting conditions. The nonlinear model is used to characterize the nonlinear correspondence between the current difference and the adjustment angle.

[0065] In this step, a series of different illumination conditions can be preset, such as different solar altitude angles and azimuths. And under each illumination condition, record the current value of each edge of the photovoltaic panel. For each illumination condition, record the illumination conditions (solar altitude angle and azimuth) and the current value of each edge of the photovoltaic panel. Under different illumination conditions, adjust the angle of the photovoltaic panel, and make the current value of each edge of the photovoltaic panel equal in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction according to the equivalent rule. At this time, it is explained that there is no difference in the current of the left and right edges and the upper and lower edges of the photovoltaic panel, that is, the incident angle of the sunlight at this time is directly opposite to the facing angle of the photovoltaic panel (90 degrees vertical), and the energy absorption efficiency is the highest. For each illumination condition, adjust the angle of the photovoltaic panel until the equivalent rule is met, and record the adjusted angle at the same time. Arrange the experimental data obtained by the test to form a data set, including the illumination conditions, the current value of each edge of the photovoltaic panel and the adjustment angle, and use statistics or machine learning methods to fit the experimental data, such as polynomial regression, neural network or other nonlinear fitting methods, to obtain a nonlinear model, which is used to characterize the relationship between the current difference and the adjustment angle. By substituting the current difference into the nonlinear model, the first adjustment angle can be obtained.

[0066] Exemplarily, the expression corresponding to the preset nonlinear model is:

[0067] Δθ=a·(ΔI)b

[0068] Among them, Δθ is the angle, ΔI is the current difference, and a and b are fitting parameters.

[0069] 206. Determine that the follow mode is the active prediction mode.

[0070] In this step, the active prediction mode refers to a mode of adjusting the angle following the sun in scenes with poor lighting conditions such as cloudy cover, strong haze, and overcast days.

[0071] 207. Estimate a second adjustment angle corresponding to the photovoltaic panel using a second preset rule, and control the first mechanism and the second mechanism to perform angle following according to the second adjustment angle.

[0072] This step is combined with the description of step 104 in the above method, and the same contents are not repeated here.

[0073] It should be noted that the specific execution process of estimating the second adjustment angle corresponding to the photovoltaic panel using the second preset rule is: respectively obtain the geographical location information and current time information of the photovoltaic panel; determine the solar azimuth and solar altitude angle based on the geographical location information and current time information; determine the horizontal rotation angle corresponding to the photovoltaic panel according to the angle difference between the solar azimuth and the current azimuth of the photovoltaic panel; determine the vertical tilt angle corresponding to the photovoltaic panel according to the angle difference between the solar altitude angle and the current azimuth of the photovoltaic panel; and use the horizontal rotation angle and the vertical tilt angle as the second adjustment angle.

[0074] Among them, the geographic location information includes longitude, latitude and altitude, and the current time information includes the current date and the current time point. Select any algorithm such as NREL's Solar Position Algorithm or the ephem library in Python as the preset solar trajectory prediction algorithm. These algorithms determine the position of the sun based on the geographic location information and the current time information, that is, the azimuth and altitude of the sun. The specific execution process is: substitute the longitude, latitude and altitude in the geographic location information, and the current date and current time point in the current time information into the preset solar trajectory prediction algorithm to obtain the solar azimuth and altitude. Subtract the solar azimuth from the current azimuth of the photovoltaic panel and the current altitude of the photovoltaic panel to obtain the angle that the photovoltaic panel needs to adjust in the horizontal and vertical directions, that is, the second adjustment angle. It should be noted that the current azimuth angle of the photovoltaic panel refers to the angle between the photovoltaic panel and the south direction, and the current altitude angle of the photovoltaic panel refers to the current tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel. The current azimuth angle and current altitude angle of the photovoltaic panel can be determined by using a magnetic sensor, a gyroscope, an accelerometer or a tilt sensor.

[0075] For example,

[0076] Assume that the current azimuth angle is Ac degrees and the current inclination angle is Ec degrees;

[0077] After calculation, the solar altitude angle is Es degrees and the solar azimuth angle is As degrees;

[0078] Then, the vertical tilt angle difference is ΔEv=Es-Ec, and the horizontal rotation angle difference is ΔAh=As-Ac.

[0079] Furthermore, as a response to the above Figure 1-2The implementation of the method embodiment shown, the embodiment of the present application provides a photovoltaic panel angle following device, which is applied to a photovoltaic panel installed with an electric bracket, the electric bracket includes a first mechanism and a second mechanism, the first mechanism is used to control the photovoltaic panel to rotate in the horizontal direction, the second mechanism is used to control the photovoltaic panel to tilt in the vertical direction, the device is used to improve the adaptability and flexibility of the photovoltaic panel during angle following, so that the photovoltaic panel always maintains the optimal angle facing the sun, so as to maintain the energy absorption efficiency at a high level for a long time. The embodiment of the device corresponds to the aforementioned method embodiment. For ease of reading, this embodiment will no longer repeat the details of the aforementioned method embodiment one by one, but it should be clear that the device in this embodiment can correspond to the implementation of all the contents of the aforementioned method embodiment. Specifically, Figure 3 As shown, the device comprises:

[0080] An acquisition unit 31 is used to acquire a current value at each edge of the photovoltaic panel, where the current value is converted and fed back by a photosensitive element installed at each edge of the photovoltaic panel;

[0081] A determination unit 32, configured to determine a following mode corresponding to the photovoltaic panel according to the current value obtained by the acquisition unit 31, wherein the following mode includes a passive tracking mode and an active prediction mode;

[0082] A first processing unit 33 is configured to calculate a first adjustment angle corresponding to the photovoltaic panel using a first preset rule when the determination unit 32 determines that the passive tracking mode is in the passive tracking mode, and control the first mechanism and the second mechanism to perform angle tracking according to the first adjustment angle, wherein the first preset rule is used to represent a rule for calculating the adjustment angle according to a change in the horizontal and vertical difference corresponding to the current value;

[0083] The second processing unit 34 is used to estimate the second adjustment angle corresponding to the photovoltaic panel using a second preset rule when the determination unit 32 is determined to be the active prediction mode, and control the first mechanism and the second mechanism to follow the second adjustment angle. The second preset rule is used to characterize the rule for calculating the adjustment angle according to the change of the sun's trajectory.

[0084] Further, such as Figure 4 As shown, the determining unit 32 includes:

[0085] A judging module 321 is used to judge whether the current values ​​are all greater than a preset current threshold;

[0086] A first determination module 322, configured to determine that the following mode is the passive tracking mode if the determination module 321 determines that the current value is greater than a preset current threshold;

[0087] The first determination module 322 is further configured to determine that the following mode is the active prediction mode if the determination module determines that the current value is greater than a preset current threshold.

[0088] Further, such as Figure 4 As shown, the device also includes:

[0089] A testing unit 35, used for pre-testing the current value of each edge of the photovoltaic panel under different lighting conditions before the first processing unit 33;

[0090] An adjustment unit 36 ​​is used to adjust the angle of the photovoltaic panel by using an equivalence rule and referring to the current value of each edge of the photovoltaic panel under different lighting conditions obtained by the test unit 35, and record the adjustment angle under different lighting conditions, wherein the equivalence rule is used to indicate that the current value of each edge of the photovoltaic panel under different lighting conditions is equal in both horizontal and vertical directions;

[0091] The fitting unit 37 is used to perform fitting processing based on the current value of each edge of the photovoltaic panel under different lighting conditions and the adjustment angle obtained by the adjustment unit 36 ​​to obtain a nonlinear model, and the nonlinear model is used to characterize the nonlinear correspondence between the current difference and the adjustment angle.

[0092] Further, such as Figure 4 As shown, the first processing unit 33 includes:

[0093] A calculation module 331, configured to calculate a horizontal current difference and a vertical current difference corresponding to the photovoltaic panel based on the current value of each edge;

[0094] a second determination module 332, configured to determine a horizontal rotation angle corresponding to the horizontal current difference by using the nonlinear model if the horizontal current difference obtained by the calculation module 331 is greater than a first preset current difference threshold, wherein the first preset current difference threshold is determined based on the mechanical precision and precision attenuation coefficient of the first mechanism;

[0095] The second determination module 332 is further configured to determine the vertical tilt angle corresponding to the vertical current difference by using the nonlinear model if the vertical current difference obtained by the calculation module 331 is greater than a second preset current difference threshold, wherein the second preset current difference threshold is determined based on the mechanical accuracy and the precision reduction coefficient of the second mechanism;

[0096] The third determining module 333 is configured to use the horizontal rotation angle and the vertical tilt angle obtained by the second determining module 332 as the first adjustment angle.

[0097] Further, such as Figure 4As shown, the second processing unit 34 includes:

[0098] A first acquisition module 341 is used to respectively acquire the geographical location information and current time information of the photovoltaic panel;

[0099] A fourth determination module 342 is used to determine a solar azimuth angle and a solar altitude angle based on the geographical location information and the current time information obtained by the first acquisition module 341;

[0100] A fifth determination module 343, configured to determine a horizontal rotation angle corresponding to the photovoltaic panel according to an angle difference between the solar azimuth angle obtained by the fourth determination module 342 and the current azimuth angle of the photovoltaic panel;

[0101] The fifth determination module 343 is further used to determine the vertical tilt angle corresponding to the photovoltaic panel according to the angle difference between the solar altitude angle obtained by the fourth determination module 342 and the current azimuth angle of the photovoltaic panel;

[0102] The sixth determining module 344 is configured to use the horizontal rotation angle and the vertical tilt angle obtained by the fifth determining module 344 as the second adjustment angle.

[0103] Further, such as Figure 4 As shown, the fourth determination module 344 is specifically used to:

[0104] The longitude, latitude and altitude in the geographic location information, and the current date and current time point in the current time information are substituted into a preset sun trajectory prediction algorithm to obtain the sun azimuth and the sun altitude.

[0105] Further, such as Figure 4 As shown, the acquisition unit 31 includes:

[0106] A second acquisition module 311 is used to acquire a preset acquisition frequency, where the acquisition frequency is determined based on the rotational energy consumption and rotational wear of the first mechanism and the second mechanism;

[0107] The processing module 312 is used to obtain the current value of each edge of the photovoltaic panel according to the collection frequency obtained by the second acquisition module 311.

[0108] Furthermore, an embodiment of the present application further provides a storage medium, wherein the storage medium is used to store a computer program, wherein when the computer program is running, the device where the storage medium is located is controlled to execute the above Figure 1-2 The photovoltaic panel angle following method described in .

[0109] Furthermore, the embodiment of the present application also provides a processor, the processor is used to run a program, wherein the program executes the above Figure 1-2 The photovoltaic panel angle following method described in .

[0110] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0111] It is understandable that the related features in the above methods and devices can be referenced to each other. In addition, the "first", "second" and the like in the above embodiments are used to distinguish the embodiments, but do not represent the advantages and disadvantages of the embodiments.

[0112] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0113] The algorithm and display provided herein are not inherently related to any particular computer, virtual system or other device. Various general purpose systems can also be used together with the teachings based on this. According to the above description, it is obvious that the structure required for constructing such systems. In addition, the application is not directed to any specific programming language either. It should be understood that various programming languages ​​can be utilized to realize the content of the application described herein, and the description of the specific language above is for the purpose of disclosing the best mode of implementation of the application.

[0114] In addition, the memory may include non-permanent memory in a computer-readable medium, random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM, and the memory includes at least one memory chip.

[0115] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments of the present application may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present application may adopt the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment in combination with software and hardware. Moreover, the present application may adopt the form of a computer program product implemented in one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) that include computer-usable program code.

[0116] The present application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each process and / or box in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of the processes and / or boxes in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to generate a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0117] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture including an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A function specified in one or more boxes.

[0118] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process in the computer or other programmable device. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps for the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0119] In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPU), input / output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.

[0120] The memory may include non-permanent memory in a computer-readable medium, random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory in the form of read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM. The memory is an example of a computer-readable medium.

[0121] Computer readable media include permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media that can be used to store information by any method or technology. Information can be computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disk (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices or any other non-transmission media that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, computer readable media does not include transitory media such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

[0122] It should also be noted that the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, commodity or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, commodity or device. In the absence of more restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, commodity or device including the elements.

[0123] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments of the present application may be provided as methods, systems or computer program products. Therefore, the present application may adopt the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment or an embodiment in combination with software and hardware. Moreover, the present application may adopt the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) that contain computer-usable program code.

[0124] The above are only embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various changes and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic panel angle following method, characterized in that: Applied to a photovoltaic panel installed with an electric bracket, the electric bracket includes a first mechanism and a second mechanism, the first mechanism is used to control the photovoltaic panel to rotate in the horizontal direction, and the second mechanism is used to control the photovoltaic panel to tilt in the vertical direction, the method includes: Acquire the current value of each edge of the photovoltaic panel, wherein the current value is converted and fed back by a photosensitive element installed at each edge of the photovoltaic panel; Determining a following mode corresponding to the photovoltaic panel according to the current value of each edge, wherein the following mode includes a passive tracking mode and an active prediction mode; When the passive tracking mode is used, a first preset rule is used to calculate a first adjustment angle corresponding to the photovoltaic panel, and the first mechanism and the second mechanism are controlled to follow the first adjustment angle, wherein the first preset rule is used to represent a rule for calculating the adjustment angle according to the change in the horizontal and vertical difference corresponding to the current value; When in the active prediction mode, the second preset rule is used to estimate the second adjustment angle corresponding to the photovoltaic panel, and the first mechanism and the second mechanism are controlled to follow the second adjustment angle. The second preset rule is used to characterize the rule for calculating the adjustment angle according to the change of the sun's trajectory.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Determining a following mode corresponding to the photovoltaic panel according to the current value of each edge includes: Determining whether the current value of each edge is greater than a preset current threshold; If yes, determining that the following mode is the passive tracking mode; If not, it is determined that the following mode is the active prediction mode.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Before calculating the first adjustment angle corresponding to the photovoltaic panel using the first preset rule, the method further includes: Pre-testing the current value of each edge of the photovoltaic panel under different lighting conditions; Using an equivalence rule, adjusting the angle of the photovoltaic panel with reference to the current value of each edge of the photovoltaic panel under different lighting conditions, and recording the adjustment angles under different lighting conditions, wherein the equivalence rule is used to characterize that the current value of each edge of the photovoltaic panel under different lighting conditions is equal in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction; A fitting process is performed based on the current value of each edge of the photovoltaic panel under different illumination conditions and the adjustment angle to obtain a nonlinear model, and the nonlinear model is used to characterize the nonlinear corresponding relationship between the current difference and the adjustment angle.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that Calculating a first adjustment angle corresponding to the photovoltaic panel using a first preset rule includes: Calculating a horizontal current difference and a vertical current difference corresponding to the photovoltaic panel based on the current value of each edge; If the horizontal current difference is greater than a first preset current difference threshold, determining a horizontal rotation angle corresponding to the horizontal current difference by using the nonlinear model, wherein the first preset current difference threshold is determined based on a mechanical precision and a precision attenuation coefficient of the first mechanism; If the vertical current difference is greater than a second preset current difference threshold, determining a vertical tilt angle corresponding to the vertical current difference using the nonlinear model, wherein the second preset current difference threshold is determined based on a mechanical precision and a precision reduction coefficient of the second mechanism; The horizontal rotation angle and the vertical tilt angle are used as the first adjustment angle.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The second adjustment angle corresponding to the photovoltaic panel is estimated by using a second preset rule, including: Respectively obtaining geographical location information and current time information of the photovoltaic panel; Determine the solar azimuth and solar altitude based on the geographical location information and the current time information; Determining a horizontal rotation angle corresponding to the photovoltaic panel according to an angle difference between the solar azimuth and a current azimuth of the photovoltaic panel; Determining a vertical tilt angle corresponding to the photovoltaic panel according to an angle difference between the solar altitude angle and a current azimuth angle of the photovoltaic panel; The horizontal rotation angle and the vertical tilt angle are used as the second adjustment angle.

6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that Determining the solar azimuth and solar altitude based on the geographical location information and the current time information includes: The longitude, latitude and altitude in the geographic location information, and the current date and current time point in the current time information are substituted into a preset sun trajectory prediction algorithm to obtain the sun azimuth and the sun altitude.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that Get the current value of each edge of the photovoltaic panel, including: Acquiring a preset acquisition frequency, where the acquisition frequency is determined based on the rotational energy consumption and rotational wear of the first mechanism and the second mechanism; The current value of each edge of the photovoltaic panel is obtained according to the acquisition frequency.

8. A photovoltaic panel angle following device, characterized in that: Applicable to a photovoltaic panel installed with an electric bracket, the electric bracket includes a first mechanism and a second mechanism, the first mechanism is used to control the photovoltaic panel to rotate in the horizontal direction, and the second mechanism is used to control the photovoltaic panel to tilt in the vertical direction, the device includes: An acquisition unit, used to acquire a current value at each edge of the photovoltaic panel, wherein the current value is converted and fed back by a photosensitive element installed at each edge of the photovoltaic panel; a determining unit, configured to determine a following mode corresponding to the photovoltaic panel according to the current value obtained by the acquiring unit, wherein the following mode includes a passive tracking mode and an active prediction mode; a first processing unit, configured to calculate a first adjustment angle corresponding to the photovoltaic panel using a first preset rule when the determination unit determines that the passive tracking mode is used, and control the first mechanism and the second mechanism to perform angle tracking according to the first adjustment angle, wherein the first preset rule is used to represent a rule for calculating the adjustment angle according to a change in the horizontal and vertical difference corresponding to the current value; The second processing unit is used to estimate the second adjustment angle corresponding to the photovoltaic panel by using a second preset rule when the determination unit determines that it is the active prediction mode, and control the first mechanism and the second mechanism to follow the angle according to the second adjustment angle. The second preset rule is used to characterize the rule for calculating the adjustment angle according to the change of the sun's trajectory.

9. A storage medium, characterized in that: The storage medium includes a stored program, wherein when the program is running, the device where the storage medium is located is controlled to execute the photovoltaic panel angle following method as described in any one of claims 1 to claim 7.

10. A processor, characterized in that: The processor is used to run a program, wherein the photovoltaic panel angle following method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is executed when the program is run.

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