A quality monitoring method for green composite material supply chain of new energy vehicles based on blockchain

Abstract

The present invention discloses a quality monitoring method for supply chain of green composite materials for new energy vehicles based on blockchain, including S1, establishing a decentralized blockchain platform; S2, installing IoT sensors at every link of the supply chain; S3, using smart contracts in the blockchain platform to automatically record the operation details of the production, storage and transportation process and monitor environmental data and status data; S4, when the environmental data and status data show that a certain link has deviations, the smart contract will automatically trigger an alarm mechanism to notify relevant personnel or automatically adjust the production process; S5, setting up a blockchain information query system accessible to supply chain participants in the blockchain platform. The blockchain platform of the present invention allows all authorized supply chain participants to access and verify each data record in the supply chain, which not only increases the transparency of the operation, but also realizes the whole process traceability from the source of raw materials to the final product through the complete record of data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of new energy vehicles, and in particular to a method for monitoring the quality of a green composite material supply chain for new energy vehicles based on blockchain. Background Art

[0002] In the field of new energy vehicle manufacturing, green composite materials have become an increasingly popular choice for the manufacturing industry and consumers due to their light weight, high strength and environmental protection characteristics. However, the supply chain of green composite materials is complex and changeable. From raw material procurement to production and manufacturing, to transportation and final assembly, each link has strict requirements on the quality and performance of materials. Effective management of the supply chain is crucial to ensuring the quality of the final product, but the existing regulatory system is often difficult to cope with the needs of efficient and accurate quality monitoring due to information opacity, lags in data collection and processing, and incomplete monitoring.

[0003] Traditional supply chain management relies on centralized database systems to record and track key data such as the source of raw materials, processing, logistics information, etc. Although these systems provide operational convenience to a certain extent, they also have many shortcomings. First, centralized data management is easy to become a target of attack. Once the data center is attacked by hackers or tampered with by internal personnel, the data security of the entire supply chain will be threatened. Secondly, the problem of information islands is serious, and data exchange and sharing between different supply chain participants are not smooth, resulting in information delays and inconsistencies, thereby affecting the accuracy and timeliness of decision-making. Furthermore, existing monitoring systems mostly rely on manual review and spot checks, which is not only inefficient, but also prone to incomplete and unfair monitoring due to human factors. Therefore, how to provide a quality monitoring method for the supply chain of green composite materials for new energy vehicles based on blockchain is a problem that technicians in this field urgently need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0004] One purpose of the present invention is to propose a quality monitoring method for the green composite material supply chain of new energy vehicles based on blockchain. The blockchain platform of the present invention allows all authorized supply chain participants to access and verify each data record in the supply chain, which not only increases the transparency of operations, but also realizes the whole process traceability from the source of raw materials to the final product through the complete record of data.

[0005] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method for monitoring the quality of a green composite material supply chain for new energy vehicles based on blockchain includes the following steps:

[0006] S1. Establish a decentralized blockchain platform. All raw material suppliers, manufacturers, transportation companies and terminal manufacturers in the supply chain must register and obtain a unique digital identity.

[0007] S2. Install IoT sensors at every link of the supply chain, including temperature sensors, humidity sensors, GPS positioning and pressure sensors, to monitor the environmental data and status data of green composite materials in real time during production, storage and transportation;

[0008] S3. Use smart contracts within the blockchain platform to automatically record operational details and monitor environmental and status data during production, storage, and transportation, including batch numbers of raw materials, production dates, inspection results, and transportation routes;

[0009] S4. When environmental data and status data show deviations in a certain link, the smart contract will automatically trigger an alarm mechanism to notify relevant personnel or automatically adjust the production process to quickly respond to potential quality issues;

[0010] S5. Establish a blockchain information query system accessible to supply chain participants on the blockchain platform, allowing supply chain participants to view quality control records and data analysis results throughout the supply chain.

[0011] Optionally, the specific step of S1 includes:

[0012] S11. Register each supply chain participant, including raw material suppliers, manufacturers, transportation companies and terminal manufacturers, on the blockchain platform and generate corresponding digital identities for them. Each digital identity is generated by a timestamp, the role code of the supply chain participant and a random number through a hash function:

[0013] ;

[0014] in, is the timestamp, is the role code of the supply chain participant, is the introduced random number, is the hash value of the previous block;

[0015] represents a hash function, Digital identities representing supply chain participants;

[0016] S12. Use asymmetric encryption technology to assign key pairs to each supply chain participant, where the public key is publicly used to encrypt information and the private key is kept secret to decrypt information:

[0017] ;

[0018] in, Indicates the use of RSA encryption algorithm. It is the parameter setting for generating keys;

[0019] Indicates the The public keys of the supply chain participants, Indicates the The private keys of each supply chain participant;

[0020] S13. Create an independent ledger for each supply chain participant on the blockchain platform to record every operation and transaction data of each supply chain participant from raw material procurement to final product assembly, and use smart contracts to automatically verify and record every operation and transaction data on the blockchain:

[0021] ;

[0022] in, Represents the smart contract record function, is the recorded data, is the timestamp;

[0023] S14. Implement a verification mechanism based on majority consensus, requiring that any modification or addition of data must be approved by the majority of supply chain participants:

[0024] ;

[0025] in, is the jth node pair data The verification result is 1 for agreement and 0 for disagreement. N is the total number of verification nodes and T is the required minimum agreement threshold.

[0026] It is a consensus function that decides whether to accept specific data based on the voting results of the majority of nodes in the network. ;

[0027] S15. Configure an automatic alarm system on the blockchain platform. When any abnormality is detected in the data or operation of any supply chain participant, the automatic alarm system will automatically trigger an alarm and notify all supply chain participants:

[0028] ;

[0029] in, Represents an anomaly detection function, which returns true when data anomalies are detected , triggering an alarm.

[0030] Optionally, the specific steps of S2 include:

[0031] S21. According to the specific needs of data monitoring in different environments, temperature sensors, humidity sensors, GPS positioning devices and pressure sensors are installed in the raw material procurement, production, storage, transportation and final assembly stages of the supply chain. Corresponding digital identities are assigned to the temperature sensors, humidity sensors, GPS positioning devices and pressure sensors, and a hash function is used to generate a digital identity for each temperature sensor, humidity sensor, GPS positioning device and pressure sensor:

[0032] ;

[0033] in, is the sensor's universal unique identifier, is the sensor type code, is the installation date;

[0034] S22. Assign a unique digital identity to each sensor and use the following hash function to generate a unique identifier for each data record for on-chain tracking and verification of data:

[0035] ;

[0036] in, is the identifier of the ith sensor, is the timestamp of data collection, is the actual data collected, Indicates that the timestamp and data After AES encryption conversion, is the hash value of the previous data record;

[0037] is a hash function.

[0038] S23. Set sensors to automatically collect environmental data and status data at a fixed frequency, and send the environmental data and status data to the blockchain platform in real time through an encrypted communication protocol. The collected environmental data and status data are initially verified by the local smart contract and uploaded to the blockchain network, and recorded in the independent ledger of each supply chain participant in the supply chain;

[0039] S24. Set thresholds for the data monitored by temperature sensors, humidity sensors, GPS positioning devices and pressure sensors, and use smart contracts to compare the collected data in real time. If the data exceeds the threshold, the smart contract will automatically trigger and record the alarm event to the blockchain, and notify the relevant supply chain participants:

[0040] ;

[0041] in, is the data threshold set for the i-th sensor, It is data monitored in real time.

[0042] Optionally, the specific steps of S3 include:

[0043] S31. Use smart contracts on the blockchain platform to automatically record the operation and monitoring environment data and status data of each supply chain link, including the batch number of raw materials, production date, inspection results and transportation route:

[0044] ;

[0045] in, is the batch number of the raw material, Is the production date, is the test result, is the transport path, is the timestamp of the data record, Indicates a connection operation, all operation details and monitoring environment data and status data are encrypted together to form a unique hash;

[0046] S32. Implement a data verification algorithm to verify that the data uploaded to the blockchain has not been tampered with and is valid, using the formula:

[0047] ;

[0048] in, Indicates the use of public key Encrypting Data , It is the public key of the smart contract, which is used to ensure the security of data during transmission. It is a digital signature of data using a private key. Is a random number used to ensure that each generated signature is unique;

[0049] S33. Smart contracts automatically check the compliance of data according to preset rules. If the data meets the quality standards, it will be recorded as qualified data and updated synchronously to the blockchain ledgers of all parties involved in the supply chain. If the data does not meet the standards, the exception handling process will be triggered:

[0050] ;

[0051] in, It is the preset quality standard threshold, and the data of each link are tested to ensure that they meet the quality requirements of green composite materials for new energy vehicles.

[0052] Optionally, the specific step of S5 includes:

[0053] S51. Create a supply chain information query system in the blockchain platform to provide each supply chain participant with a user interface for real-time viewing and analysis of quality control records and data throughout the supply chain;

[0054] S52. Automatically index and store the quality data and monitoring records of each supply chain link on the blockchain through smart contracts, and use encrypted hash functions to generate a unique index identifier for each record:

[0055] ;

[0056] in, is the record hash value defined in S41, It is the timestamp of data record, which determines the time series correctness and traceability of data;

[0057] It is a unique index identifier for each record generated, used to index and retrieve specific data records on the blockchain platform;

[0058] S53. The supply chain information query system adopts a role-based access control model to control different supply chain participants to view the corresponding quality control data according to their roles and permissions:

[0059] ;

[0060] in, is the user's role, is the data requested for access, Indicates the permission level of the user role. is the sensitivity level of the data;

[0061] S54. All query and data access activities conducted through the query system are recorded on the blockchain:

[0062] ;

[0063] in, is the user ID that initiated the query, is the query content, is the query timestamp.

[0064] The digital identity of the supply chain is connected through the authority and identity management mechanism in the blockchain system.

[0065] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0066] (1) The decentralized nature of the blockchain of the present invention means that there is no single point of control or failure, which enhances the security of data. Each data record is encrypted and stored using cryptographic methods and verified by multiple nodes in the network to ensure the authenticity and integrity of the data.

[0067] (2) The present invention installs IoT sensors at key links to collect real-time environmental and status data about materials, and automatically records these data on the blockchain. Smart contracts automatically execute data verification and quality control processes. When data anomalies are detected, the system can respond quickly and notify relevant personnel, thus achieving real-time and automated monitoring.

[0068] (3) The blockchain platform of the present invention allows all authorized supply chain participants to access and verify every data record in the supply chain, which not only increases the transparency of operations, but also realizes the traceability of the entire process from the source of raw materials to the final product through the complete record of data. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0069] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0070] In the attached picture:

[0071] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a quality monitoring method for a green composite material supply chain for new energy vehicles based on blockchain proposed by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0072] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, which only illustrate the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, and therefore only show the components related to the present invention.

[0073] refer to Figure 1 , A quality monitoring method for supply chain of green composite materials for new energy vehicles based on blockchain, comprising the following steps:

[0074] S1. Establish a decentralized blockchain platform. All raw material suppliers, manufacturers, transportation companies and terminal manufacturers in the supply chain must register and obtain a unique digital identity.

[0075] S2. Install IoT sensors at every link of the supply chain, including temperature sensors, humidity sensors, GPS positioning and pressure sensors, to monitor the environmental data and status data of green composite materials in real time during production, storage and transportation;

[0076] S3. Use smart contracts within the blockchain platform to automatically record operational details and monitor environmental and status data during production, storage, and transportation, including batch numbers of raw materials, production dates, inspection results, and transportation routes;

[0077] S4. When environmental data and status data show deviations in a certain link, the smart contract will automatically trigger an alarm mechanism to notify relevant personnel or automatically adjust the production process to quickly respond to potential quality issues;

[0078] S5. Establish a blockchain information query system accessible to supply chain participants on the blockchain platform, allowing supply chain participants to view quality control records and data analysis results throughout the supply chain.

[0079] In this implementation, the specific step S1 includes:

[0080] S11. Register each supply chain participant, including raw material suppliers, manufacturers, transportation companies and terminal manufacturers, on the blockchain platform and generate corresponding digital identities for them. Each digital identity is generated by a timestamp, the role code of the supply chain participant and a random number through a hash function:

[0081] ;

[0082] in, is the timestamp, is the role code of the supply chain participant, is the introduced random number, is the hash value of the previous block;

[0083] S12. Use asymmetric encryption technology to assign key pairs to each supply chain participant, where the public key is publicly used to encrypt information and the private key is kept secret to decrypt information:

[0084] ;

[0085] in, Indicates the use of RSA encryption algorithm. It is the parameter setting for generating keys;

[0086] S13. Create an independent ledger for each supply chain participant on the blockchain platform to record every operation and transaction data of each supply chain participant from raw material procurement to final product assembly, and use smart contracts to automatically verify and record every operation and transaction data on the blockchain:

[0087] ;

[0088] in, Represents the smart contract record function, is the recorded data, is the timestamp;

[0089] S14. Implement a verification mechanism based on majority consensus, requiring that any modification or addition of data must be approved by the majority of supply chain participants:

[0090] ;

[0091] in, is the jth node pair data The verification result is 1 for agreement and 0 for disagreement. N is the total number of verification nodes and T is the required minimum agreement threshold.

[0092] S15. Configure an automatic alarm system on the blockchain platform. When any abnormality is detected in the data or operation of any supply chain participant, the automatic alarm system will automatically trigger an alarm and notify all supply chain participants:

[0093] ;

[0094] in, Represents an anomaly detection function, which returns true when data anomalies are detected , triggering an alarm.

[0095] In this implementation, the specific step S2 includes:

[0096] S21. According to the specific needs of data monitoring in different environments, temperature sensors, humidity sensors, GPS positioning devices and pressure sensors are installed in the raw material procurement, production, storage, transportation and final assembly stages of the supply chain. Corresponding digital identities are assigned to the temperature sensors, humidity sensors, GPS positioning devices and pressure sensors, and a hash function is used to generate a digital identity for each temperature sensor, humidity sensor, GPS positioning device and pressure sensor:

[0097] ;

[0098] in, is the sensor's universal unique identifier, is the sensor type code, is the installation date;

[0099] S22. Assign a unique digital identity to each sensor and use the following hash function to generate a unique identifier for each data record for on-chain tracking and verification of data:

[0100] ;

[0101] in, is the identifier of the i-th sensor, is the timestamp of data collection, is the actual data collected, Indicates that the timestamp and data After AES encryption conversion, is the hash value of the previous data record;

[0102] S23. Set up sensors to automatically collect environmental data and status data at a fixed frequency, and send the data to the blockchain network in real time through an encrypted communication protocol. The collected data is initially verified by the local smart contract and uploaded to the blockchain network, and the data is recorded in the independent ledger of each supply chain participant in the supply chain;

[0103] S24. Set thresholds for different monitoring indicators and compare the collected data in real time through smart contracts. If the data exceeds the threshold, the smart contract will automatically trigger and record the alarm event to the blockchain, and notify the relevant supply chain participants:

[0104] ;

[0105] in, is the data threshold set for the i-th sensor, It is data monitored in real time.

[0106] In this implementation, the specific step S3 includes:

[0107] S31. Use smart contracts on the blockchain platform to automatically record the operation and monitoring environment data and status data of each supply chain link, including the batch number of raw materials, production date, inspection results and transportation route:

[0108] ;

[0109] in, is the batch number of the raw material, Is the production date, is the test result, is the transport path, is the timestamp of the data record, Indicates a concatenation operation, where all related data are encrypted together to form a unique hash;

[0110] S32. Implement a data verification algorithm to verify that the data uploaded to the blockchain has not been tampered with and is valid, using the formula:

[0111] ;

[0112] in, Indicates the use of public key Encrypting Data , It is the public key of the smart contract, which is used to ensure the security of data during transmission. It is a digital signature of data using a private key. Is a random number used to ensure that each generated signature is unique;

[0113] S33. Smart contracts automatically check the compliance of data according to preset rules. If the data meets the quality standards, it will be recorded as qualified data and updated synchronously to the blockchain ledgers of all parties involved in the supply chain. If the data does not meet the standards, the exception handling process will be triggered:

[0114] ;

[0115] in, It is the preset quality standard threshold, and the data of each link are tested to ensure that they meet the quality requirements of green composite materials for new energy vehicles.

[0116] In this implementation manner, the specific step S5 includes:

[0117] S51. Create a supply chain information query system in the blockchain platform to provide each supply chain participant with a user interface for real-time viewing and analysis of quality control records and data throughout the supply chain;

[0118] S52. Automatically index and store the quality data and monitoring records of each supply chain link on the blockchain through smart contracts, and use encrypted hash functions to generate a unique index identifier for each record:

[0119] ;

[0120] in, is the record hash value defined by S4, It is the timestamp of data record, which determines the time series correctness and traceability of data;

[0121] S53. The supply chain information query system adopts a role-based access control model to control different supply chain participants to view the corresponding quality control data according to their roles and permissions:

[0122] ;

[0123] in, is the user's role, is the data requested for access, Indicates the permission level of the user role. is the sensitivity level of the data;

[0124] S54. All query and data access activities conducted through the query system are recorded on the blockchain:

[0125] ;

[0126] in, is the user ID that initiated the query, is the query content, is the query timestamp.

[0127] Embodiment 1:

[0128] A new energy vehicle manufacturing plant in Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, faces severe challenges in green composite material supply chain management. The car plant is well-known for its high-performance electric vehicles, which use a large amount of green composite materials to reduce body weight and improve energy efficiency. However, since the production of composite materials involves multiple suppliers and complex manufacturing processes, ensuring the consistency of material quality and tracking each link in the supply chain has always been a major challenge. Especially during peak production periods, quality issues of raw materials may cause the entire production line to stagnate, seriously affecting production efficiency and cost control.

[0129] To solve this problem, the car factory decided to implement the system of the present invention. The core of the system is a decentralized blockchain platform that records data on all key supply chain activities, from the procurement of raw materials to the assembly of finished products.

[0130] First, all suppliers need to register on the blockchain platform and obtain a unique digital identity. This step ensures that the information of each supplier is verifiable and cannot be tampered with. Next, the IoT sensors in each supply chain link collect data in real time, including key parameters such as temperature, humidity, and pressure of raw materials, and upload the data to the blockchain in real time.

[0131] Smart contracts automatically process the collected data. Once any data that does not meet the preset standards is detected, the system will immediately trigger an alarm and notify the relevant quality control team to intervene, thus preventing potential quality problems from turning into more serious production accidents.

[0132] Table 1 Comparison of green composite material supply chain management effects in new energy vehicle factories

[0133]

[0134] Referring to Table 1 above, in the first quarter after the implementation of the system, the automobile plant recorded the following key data:

[0135] Before the introduction of the blockchain system, production delays due to supply chain issues occurred an average of 1.2 times per month, with an average direct cost loss of up to RMB 500,000 per delay. After the introduction of the system, the number of production delays due to supply chain issues dropped to 0 within three months, and production efficiency was significantly improved. The material qualification rate increased from 92.14% to 98.36%, reducing rework and waste. Through real-time data monitoring, the quality control team can respond quickly to potential problems, and the average response time has been reduced from 30 minutes to 5 minutes.

[0136] Through the implementation of 1, it can be seen that the new energy vehicle factory has not only significantly improved production efficiency and reduced economic losses caused by quality problems, but also improved the company's response speed to the market and the overall management level of the supply chain.

[0137] The decentralized nature of the blockchain of the present invention means that there is no single point of control or failure, which enhances the security of data. Each data record is encrypted and stored using cryptographic methods and verified by multiple nodes in the network to ensure the authenticity and integrity of the data.

[0138] The present invention installs IoT sensors at key links to collect real-time environmental and status data about materials, and automatically records these data on the blockchain. Smart contracts automatically execute data verification and quality control processes. When data anomalies are detected, the system can respond quickly and notify relevant personnel, thus achieving real-time and automated monitoring.

[0139] The blockchain platform of the present invention allows all authorized supply chain participants to access and verify every data record in the supply chain, which not only increases the transparency of operations, but also realizes the whole process traceability from the source of raw materials to the final product through the complete record of data.

[0140] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring the quality of green composite material supply chain for new energy vehicles based on blockchain, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Establish a decentralized blockchain platform. All raw material suppliers, manufacturers, transportation companies and terminal manufacturers in the supply chain must register and obtain a unique digital identity. S2. Install IoT sensors at every link of the supply chain, including temperature sensors, humidity sensors, GPS positioning and pressure sensors, to monitor the environmental data and status data of green composite materials in real time during production, storage and transportation; S3. Use smart contracts within the blockchain platform to automatically record operational details and monitor environmental and status data during production, storage, and transportation, including batch numbers of raw materials, production dates, inspection results, and transportation routes; S4. When environmental data and status data show deviations in a certain link, the smart contract will automatically trigger an alarm mechanism to notify relevant personnel or automatically adjust the production process; S5. Establish a blockchain information query system accessible to supply chain participants on the blockchain platform, allowing supply chain participants to view the quality control records and data analysis results of the entire supply chain; The establishment of a decentralized blockchain platform includes: S11. Register each supply chain participant, including raw material suppliers, manufacturers, transportation companies and terminal manufacturers, on the blockchain platform and generate corresponding digital identities for them. Each digital identity is generated by a timestamp, the role code of the supply chain participant and a random number through a hash function: DID i =SHA-256(TS+RoleCode i +Nonce i +PrevHash); Among them, TS is the timestamp, RoleCode i It is the role code of the supply chain participant, Nonce i is the introduced random number, PrevHash is the hash value of the previous block; S12. Use asymmetric encryption technology to assign key pairs to each supply chain participant, where the public key is publicly used to encrypt information and the private key is kept secret to decrypt information: (PubK i ,PriK i )=RSA(KeyGenParams); Among them, RSA indicates the use of RSA encryption algorithm, and KeyGenParams is the parameter setting for generating keys; S13. Create an independent ledger for each supply chain participant on the blockchain platform to record every operation and transaction data of each supply chain participant from raw material procurement to final product assembly, and use smart contracts to automatically verify and record every operation and transaction data on the blockchain: SC log (DID i ,Data i )=SHA-256(DID i +Data i +TS); Among them, SC log Indicates the smart contract record function, Data i is the recorded data, TS is the timestamp; S14. Implement a verification mechanism based on majority consensus, requiring that any modification or addition of data must be approved by more than half of the supply chain participants: Among them, Vote j (Data i ) is the jth node for data Data i The verification result is 1 for agreement and 0 for disagreement. N is the total number of verification nodes and T is the required minimum agreement threshold. S15. Configure an automatic alarm system on the blockchain platform. When any abnormality is detected in the data or operation of any supply chain participant, the automatic alarm system will automatically trigger an alarm and notify all supply chain participants: Among them, AnomalyDetection(Datai) represents the anomaly detection function, which returns True when data anomaly is detected and triggers an alarm.

2. According to claim 1, a method for monitoring the quality of a green composite material supply chain for new energy vehicles based on blockchain is characterized in that: The specific steps of S2 include: S21. According to the specific needs of data monitoring in different environments, temperature sensors, humidity sensors, GPS positioning devices and pressure sensors are installed in the raw material procurement, production, storage, transportation and final assembly stages of the supply chain. Corresponding digital identities are assigned to the temperature sensors, humidity sensors, GPS positioning devices and pressure sensors, and a hash function is used to generate a digital identity for each temperature sensor, humidity sensor, GPS positioning device and pressure sensor: SensorID i =SHA-512(UUID i +DeviceType i +InstallDate i ); Among them, UUID i Is the sensor's universal unique identifier, DeviceType i Is the sensor type code, InstallDate i is the installation date; S22. Assign a unique digital identity to each sensor and use the following hash function to generate a unique identifier for each data record for on-chain tracking and verification of data: DataID i,t =SHA-512(SensorID i +Enc(TS t )+Enc(Data t )+PrevDataHash t ); Among them, SensorID i is the identifier of the i-th sensor, TS t is the timestamp of data collection, Data t is the actual data collected, Enc(x) means the timestamp TS t and Data t After AES encryption conversion, PrevDataHash t is the hash value of the previous data record; S23. Set up sensors to automatically collect environmental data and status data at a fixed frequency, and send the data to the blockchain network in real time through an encrypted communication protocol. The collected data is initially verified by the local smart contract and uploaded to the blockchain network, and the data is recorded in the independent ledger of each supply chain participant in the supply chain; S24. Set thresholds for different monitoring indicators and compare the collected data in real time through smart contracts. If the data exceeds the threshold, the smart contract will automatically trigger and record the alarm event to the blockchain, and notify the relevant supply chain participants: Among them, Threshold i is the data threshold set for the i-th sensor, Data n,t It is data monitored in real time.

3. According to claim 2, a method for monitoring the quality of a green composite material supply chain for new energy vehicles based on blockchain is characterized in that: The specific steps of S3 include: S31. Use smart contracts on the blockchain platform to automatically record the operation and monitoring environment data and status data of each supply chain link, including the batch number of raw materials, production date, inspection results and transportation route: RecordHash i,t =SHA-512(Concat(BatchID i ,ProductDate i ,InspectionRes i ,TransportPath i ,Timestamp t )); Among them, BatchID i Is the batch number of the raw material, ProdDate i Is the production date, InspectionRes i is the test result, TransportPath i is the transport path, Timestamp t It is the timestamp of the data record. Concat represents the concatenation operation. All related data are encrypted together to form a unique hash. S32. Implement a data verification algorithm to verify that the data uploaded to the blockchain has not been tampered with and is valid, using the formula: VerifyData i,t =SHA-512(DataID i,t +Enc(Data i,t ,PubK SC )+Sign(PriK i ,Hash(Data i,t +Nonce t ))); Among them, Enc(Data i,t ,PubK SC ) indicates the use of the public key PubK SC Encrypted Data i,t , PubK SC It is the public key of the smart contract, which is used to ensure the security of data during transmission. i ,Hash(Data i,t +Nonce t )) is a digital signature of data using a private key, Nonce t Is a random number used to ensure that each generated signature is unique; S33. Smart contracts automatically check the compliance of data according to preset rules. If the data meets the quality standards, it will be recorded as qualified data and updated synchronously to the blockchain ledgers of all parties involved in the supply chain. If the data does not meet the standards, the exception handling process will be triggered: Among them, Standard i It is the preset quality standard threshold, and the data of each link are tested to ensure that they meet the quality requirements of green composite materials for new energy vehicles.

4. According to claim 3, a method for monitoring the quality of a green composite material supply chain for new energy vehicles based on blockchain is characterized in that: The specific steps of S5 include: S51. Create a supply chain information query system in the blockchain platform to provide each supply chain participant with a user interface for real-time viewing and analysis of quality control records and data throughout the supply chain; S52. Automatically index and store the quality data and monitoring records of each supply chain link on the blockchain through smart contracts, and use encrypted hash functions to generate a unique index identifier for each record: IndexID i,t =SHA-256(RecordHash i,t +Timestamp t ); Among them, RecordHash i,t It is the record hash value defined by S4, Timestamp t It is the timestamp of data record, which determines the time series correctness and traceability of data; S53. The supply chain information query system adopts a role-based access control model to control different supply chain participants to view the corresponding quality control data according to their roles and permissions: Among them, UserRole i is the user's role, Data j Is the data requested for access, Permission(UserRole i ) indicates the permission level of the user role, DataLevel j is the sensitivity level of the data; S54. All queries and data access activities conducted through the query system are recorded on the blockchain: QueryLog i,t =SHA-256(UserID i +Query t +Timestamp t ); Among them, UserID i Is the user ID that initiated the query, Query t Is the query content, Timestamp t is the query timestamp.

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