Sun-tracking and wind-sheltering solar panel support

Abstract

The invention provides a sun-tracking and wind-sheltering solar panel support, and belongs to the technical field of solar panel supports. The solar panel solves the problems that after an existing solar panel is installed, the solar panel is broken and damaged under the condition of strong wind, solar rays cannot directly irradiate a photovoltaic circuit of the solar panel due to earth rotation and revolution around the sun, and therefore the electric energy conversion efficiency is low. The device comprises a bearing support arranged at the bottom, a rotating platform which is arranged on the bearing support and can perform plane rotation relative to the bearing support through a rotating assembly, and an overturning platform which is arranged on the rotating platform and can perform horizontal dumping relative to the rotating platform through an overturning assembly, and a solar panel is arranged above the overturning platform. A three-cup wind measuring element used for measuring the wind force attribute is arranged in front of the overturning platform, and the rotating assembly and the overturning assembly operate through the control assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of solar panel brackets and relates to a sun-chasing and wind-shielding solar panel bracket. Background Art

[0002] With the development of society, the demand for energy in various countries has continued to rise, and the problem of energy shortage has always existed. Traditional fossil energy is a non-renewable energy source, which causes great pollution to the environment during use, so the use of clean energy has increased year by year. In order to solve the problem of energy shortage, the development and use of clean energy such as solar energy, wind energy, and hydrogen energy have increased year by year. Solar energy is a renewable energy source that is currently used more in the development process. Compared with many solar energy sources on the market that are fixed-point, in order to improve the absorption efficiency and conversion efficiency of solar energy, this project studies the fixed bracket function of solar panels to solve the absorption efficiency of solar panels, avoid the impact of storms and rainstorms, and increase the life of solar panel brackets.

[0003] The existing sun chasing methods are divided into three stages: 1. Mechanical light tracking: It is to use only the principle of mechanical device to drive the solar panel to rotate so that the sun's incident angle is vertical. The advantages of this light tracking method are simple structure and convenient control. The disadvantages are low light tracking accuracy and because the whole system is a pure mechanical structure, the linkage mechanism will greatly increase the quality of the whole frame and make it particularly bulky.

[0004] 2. Following the sun's position: This system uses the Tianwen mathematical model to calculate the specific direction of the sun and then drive the solar panels to rotate. The advantage of this method is that the entire light-chasing system is stable, but it has a serious disadvantage, that is, the light-chasing accuracy is not high, but it is still higher than the mechanical light-chasing accuracy.

[0005] 3. Photoelectric sensor light chasing: It uses the photoelectric effect of various photoelectric sensors to drive the solar panel perpendicular to the sunlight through comparison circuit processing. This system has high light chasing accuracy, but the disadvantage of this type of light chasing system is that the light chasing is unstable and easy to produce false signals.

[0006] Moreover, after the 1990s, the key technology of single-chip microcomputer manufacturing has been broken through, which has caused the overall price to drop drastically and the single-chip microcomputer has developed rapidly. Therefore, in 2017, Zhou Yanli of Zhengzhou University proposed a solar panel automatic light tracking system based on a single-chip microcomputer. The system mainly calculates the altitude angle and azimuth angle of the sun through the single-chip microcomputer, sends the number of electrical pulse signals to the driver, and drives the stepper motor to adjust the position of the solar panel device, so that the position of the sun can be updated in real time to change the pitch angle of the solar panel, thereby making the whole. The system has proved through actual experiments that the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the automatic tracking solar panel device is 33.5% higher than that of the horizontal fixed solar panel. At this point, the solar light tracking system has entered the second stage of following the position of the sun.

[0007] In recent years, superconducting technology has begun to develop. It has the characteristics of fast conduction, simple and compact structure, and large conduction area. Therefore, Li Jun of Guangxi University proposed a non-tracking solar fiber light guide system in 2018. The system has a large tolerance and can still output smoothly without real-time tracking of the sun's angle, avoiding the disadvantage of long-term rotation of moving parts in real-time tracking systems, which is very easy to damage. However, this technology is not popularized due to the high manufacturing cost of superconducting materials and the large area suitable for solar power generation in my country.

[0008] So the light-chasing technology continued to develop. In the past few years, the concept of integration has gradually emerged. At the same time, due to the concept of assembly line machine manufacturing, all kinds of electronic products have entered the era of integrated circuits, and various integrated sensors have gradually entered the public's field of vision, such as grayscale sensors and infrared sensors. The functions of these sensors are becoming more and more comprehensive. So in 2019, Sun Yifei and others proposed an automatic light-chasing system for solar panels with grayscale matching cameras. The grayscale camera was installed in the center of the solar panel, and the collected images were binarized. Closed-loop control was used to reduce the error of the light-chasing angle, thereby tracking the position of the sun. From then on, the light-chasing control system entered the third stage. The light-chasing system has also entered the "highway" of development.

[0009] Recently, in 2020, Zhang Yi and others proposed a design of an automatic solar panel light-chasing system based on GPS positioning. The GPS positioning function is used to obtain the latitude and longitude and time information of the geographical location, and the solar altitude angle and azimuth are calculated by a single-chip microcomputer. The tracking deviation value is calculated according to the intermittent tracking method, and the single-chip microcomputer outputs an electrical pulse signal to control the stepper motor, so that the solar panel device can track the position of the sun. However, the apparent solar motion trajectory tracking system will accumulate errors after working for a long time. This is the fusion of the second stage and its third stage. So far, the light-chasing system will not have a third stage. Photoelectric sensors can solve the problem of inaccurate light chasing due to the unstable light chasing during the sensing process, which will greatly reduce the disadvantages of the light-chasing system. Summary of the invention

[0010] The purpose of the present invention is to propose a sun-chasing and wind-proof solar panel bracket to address the problem that existing solar panels may break and be damaged when encountering strong winds after installation, and that the solar panels' photovoltaic circuits cannot be directly irradiated by sunlight due to the rotation of the earth and its revolution around the sun, thus resulting in low power conversion efficiency.

[0011] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions: A sun-chasing and wind-proof solar panel bracket is characterized by comprising a load-bearing bracket arranged at the bottom, a rotating platform arranged on the load-bearing bracket and capable of plane rotation relative to the load-bearing bracket through a rotating component, and a flipping platform arranged on the rotating platform and capable of horizontally tilting relative to the rotating platform through a flipping component, a solar panel is arranged above the flipping platform, and a three-cup wind measuring element for measuring wind properties is arranged in front of the flipping platform, and the rotating component and the flipping component are operated through a control component.

[0012] In the above-mentioned sun-chasing and wind-proof solar panel bracket, the three-cup wind measuring element is rotatably connected to the side of the flip platform through a first hinged rod, a circular ring bracket is provided at the bottom of the three-cup wind measuring element, a curved rod is provided at the bottom of the circular ring bracket, the plane where the curved rod is located is perpendicular to the plane where the flip platform is located, the interior of the curved rod has a cavity, and a steel ball is provided in the cavity for free rolling.

[0013] In the above-mentioned sun-chasing and wind-proof solar panel bracket, the three-cup wind measuring element includes a cylindrical bracket, a rotating column rotatably set on the cylindrical bracket, and three lightweight wind cups centrally symmetrically set on the rotating column. A sampling gear is sleeved on the rotating column, a photoelectric switch is provided at the joint between the rotating column and the sampling gear, and a micro single-chip computer is provided in the lightweight wind cup.

[0014] In the above-mentioned sun-chasing and wind-proof solar panel bracket, the rotating assembly includes a rotating CNC motor fixedly mounted on the load-bearing bracket, a first output gear fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the rotating CNC motor, a first shaft laterally rotating on the load-bearing bracket, a first gear and a worm gear fixedly mounted on the first shaft and staggered from each other, a second shaft vertically rotating on the load-bearing bracket, and a turbine fixedly mounted on the second shaft, the output gear and the first gear edge meshing to transmit power, and the turbine and the worm gear laterally meshing to transmit power.

[0015] In the above-mentioned sun-chasing and wind-proof solar panel bracket, the flipping assembly includes a telescopic rod whose two ends are rotatably connected to the rotating platform and the flipping platform through a second hinged rod and a third hinged rod respectively, a flipping CNC motor fixedly arranged on the rotating platform, a second output gear fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the flipping CNC motor, a fixed shaft fixedly arranged on the flipping platform, and a fan gear fixedly mounted on the fixed shaft, and the second output gear is meshed with the edge of the fan gear.

[0016] In the above-mentioned sun-chasing and wind-proof solar panel bracket, the flipping CNC motor is a bidirectional output motor, the second output gear is mounted on the output shaft at one end of the flipping CNC motor, a second shaft is rotatably provided on the flipping platform, the output shaft at the other end of the flipping CNC motor is connected to the second shaft, a third output gear is provided at the end of the second shaft, fixed shafts are provided on both sides of the flipping platform and are mounted with fan gears, and the second output gear and the third output gear are respectively meshed with the edges of the two fan gears on both sides.

[0017] In the above-mentioned sun-chasing and wind-shielding solar panel bracket, there are two groups of telescopic rods, which are arranged in parallel on both sides between the rotating platform and the flipping platform.

[0018] In the above-mentioned sun-chasing and wind-shielding solar panel support, a damping block is provided on the rotating platform, and when the flipping platform contacts the damping block, the flipping platform is parallel to the rotating platform.

[0019] In the above-mentioned sun-chasing and wind-proof solar panel bracket, the solar panels have two layers, the lower solar panels are fixed on the flip platform, and the upper solar panels have two groups that are symmetrically arranged on the flip platform for sliding left and right respectively. A screw rod and an opening and closing control motor for driving the screw rod to rotate are longitudinally arranged at the bottom of the flip platform, a sliding block is sleeved on the sliding rod, and two support rods are rotatably arranged on both sides of the sliding block, and the other ends of the two support rods are rotatably arranged at the bottom of the solar panel.

[0020] Compared with the existing technology, this sun-chasing and wind-proof solar panel bracket has the following advantages: (1) A solar panel folding mechanism is designed to solve the problem that the solar panel is too large and may be broken by wind. After unfolding, the area of ​​the solar panel is doubled. (2) A four-quadrant grayscale sensor is used for sun tracking, which improves the accuracy and reliability of the sun tracking mechanism; (3) In order to avoid the solar panel from breaking due to the excessive initial speed of the wind shelter mechanism, a damping push rod with reasonable damping force is used, and the bracket is given a certain degree of self-locking during operation. This prevents the mechanism from causing the panel to be retracted due to a sudden power failure of the motor; (4) In order to ensure the optimal position (always vertical) of the three-cup wind measuring element, the "tumbler" method biased to the center is adopted to ensure that the three-cup wind measuring bracket of the solar bracket is always horizontal during operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is the first structural schematic diagram of the sun-chasing and wind-shielding solar panel bracket; Figure 2 This is a second structural schematic diagram of the sun-chasing and wind-shielding solar panel support; Figure 3 This is a first structural schematic diagram of the rotating assembly of the sun-chasing and wind-shielding solar panel support; Figure 4 This is a second structural schematic diagram of the rotating assembly of the sun-chasing and wind-shielding solar panel support; Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the upper part of the sun-chasing and wind-proof solar panel support; Figure 6 This is a first structural schematic diagram of the flip assembly of the sun-chasing and wind-shielding solar panel support; Figure 7 This is a second structural schematic diagram of the sun-chasing and wind-shielding solar panel support flip assembly; Figure 8 This is a third structural schematic diagram of the flip assembly of the sun-chasing and wind-proof solar panel support; In the figure, 1. load-bearing bracket; 2. rotating platform; 3. flipping platform; 4. solar panel; 5. three-cup wind measuring element; 6. curved rod; 7. lightweight wind cup; 8. rotating CNC motor; 9. first output gear; 10. first shaft; 12. first gear; 13. worm rod; 14. second shaft; 15. turbine; 16. telescopic rod; 17. flipping CNC motor; 18. second output gear; 19. fan gear; 20. second shaft; 21. third output gear; 22. screw rod; 23. slider; 24. support rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings to further describe the technical solution of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0023] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the sun-chasing and wind-proof solar panel bracket includes a load-bearing bracket 1 arranged at the bottom, a rotating platform 2 arranged on the load-bearing bracket and capable of plane rotation relative to the load-bearing bracket through a rotating component, and a flipping platform 3 arranged on the rotating platform and capable of horizontally tilting relative to the rotating platform through a flipping component, a solar panel 4 is arranged above the flipping platform, and a three-cup wind measuring element 5 for measuring wind properties is arranged in front of the flipping platform, and the rotating component and the flipping component are operated through a control component.

[0024] like Figures 3 to 8As shown, the three-cup wind measuring element is rotatably connected to the side of the flip platform through a first hinged rod, a circular ring bracket is provided at the bottom of the three-cup wind measuring element, a curved rod 6 is provided at the bottom of the circular ring bracket, the plane where the curved rod is located is perpendicular to the plane where the flip platform is located, the interior of the curved rod has a cavity, and a steel ball is provided in the cavity for free rolling.

[0025] The three-cup wind measuring element includes a cylindrical bracket, a rotating column rotatably set on the cylindrical bracket, and three lightweight wind cups 7 centrally symmetrically set on the rotating column. A sampling gear is sleeved on the rotating column, a photoelectric switch is provided at the joint between the rotating column and the sampling gear, and a micro single-chip computer is provided in the lightweight wind cup.

[0026] The three-cup wind measuring original uses three plastic lightweight wind cups with an angle of 120°. A thrust ball bearing is installed for the rotating device to reduce friction. A sampling gear is installed on the rotating shaft. The wind force drives the plastic lightweight wind cup to rotate and drives the rotating shaft to rotate. The shaft then drives the sampling gear to rotate. During the rotation of the gear, the photoelectric switch installed above the sampling gear triggers the pulse signal of the photoelectric switch due to the cutting of the sampling gear. The small single-chip microcomputer in the three-cup wind measuring original performs sampling, analysis and calculation. Finally, the single-chip microcomputer outputs the instantaneous wind speed and instantaneous wind level. In addition, the three-cup wind measuring original has a built-in power control circuit, which replaces the mechanical switch to ensure that the single-chip microcomputer and its sensor do not work in the absence of wind to reduce power consumption.

[0027] If the three-cup wind measuring element is to ensure the accuracy of measurement, it is necessary to ensure that the rotating axis of the plastic lightweight wind cup remains vertical so that the instantaneous wind speed and instantaneous wind level of the wind in all directions can be measured. If the rotating axis of the wind cup is placed horizontally, if the wind blows the wind cup axially, the speed of pushing the wind cup will be greatly reduced, thereby reducing the measurement accuracy and making the wind cup measure inaccurately. Due to the excessive wind level, the solar panel fails to close in time, resulting in panel rupture, mechanism damage and other problems.

[0028] If the wind-proof reliability of the product is to be ensured, the values ​​measured by the three-cup wind measuring element must be the correct instantaneous wind speed and instantaneous wind level. To ensure the reliability of the three-cup wind measuring element, its rotation axis needs to be placed vertically, so this offset center of gravity measurement platform ("tumbler platform") was designed.

[0029] It is mainly a cast tray with a φ16 diameter steel ball suspended below for counterweight, so that the counterweight and the deadweight of the three-cup wind measuring element are balanced during the installation process, thereby ensuring that the element can always be in a vertical state.

[0030] like Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the rotating assembly includes a rotating CNC motor 8 fixedly mounted on the load-bearing bracket, a first output gear 9 fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the rotating CNC motor, a first shaft 10 rotatably mounted on the load-bearing bracket, a first gear 12 and a worm gear 13 fixedly mounted on the first shaft and staggered from each other, a second shaft 14 rotatably mounted on the load-bearing bracket, and a turbine 15 fixedly mounted on the second shaft, the output gear and the first gear edge meshing to transmit power, and the turbine and the worm meshing laterally to transmit power.

[0031] like Figures 5 to 8 As shown, the flip assembly includes a telescopic rod 16 whose two ends are rotatably connected to the rotating platform and the flip platform through a second hinged rod and a third hinged rod, a flip CNC motor 17 fixedly arranged on the rotating platform, a second output gear 18 fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the flip CNC motor, a fixed shaft fixedly arranged on the flip platform, and a fan gear 19 fixedly mounted on the fixed shaft, and the second output gear is meshed with the edge of the fan gear.

[0032] The flipping CNC motor is a bidirectional output motor. The second output gear is sleeved on the output shaft at one end of the flipping CNC motor. A second shaft 20 is rotatably provided on the flipping platform. The output shaft at the other end of the flipping CNC motor is connected to the second shaft. A third output gear 21 is provided at the end of the second shaft. Fixed shafts are provided on both sides of the flipping platform and are sleeved with fan-shaped gears. The second output gear and the third output gear are respectively meshed with the edges of the two fan-shaped gears on both sides.

[0033] There are two groups of telescopic rods, which are arranged in parallel on both sides between the rotating platform and the turning platform.

[0034] A damping block is arranged on the rotating platform, and when the flipping platform contacts the damping block, the flipping platform is parallel to the rotating platform.

[0035] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the solar panel has two layers, the lower solar panel is fixed on the flip platform, and the upper solar panel has two groups of left and right sliding symmetrically arranged on the flip platform, a screw rod 22 and an opening and closing control motor for driving the screw rod to rotate are longitudinally arranged at the bottom of the flip platform, a slider 23 is sleeved on the slide rod, two support rods 24 are rotatably arranged on both sides of the slider, and the other ends of the two support rods are rotatably arranged at the bottom of the solar panel.

[0036] After the screw rod is rotated, the slider will adjust its position, and the support rod is used to realize whether the solar energy is expanded outward or folded inward relative to the flip platform.

[0037] The opening and closing control motor is also operated through the control component.

[0038] During use, the three-cup wind measuring element monitors various properties of wind, and adjusts the lying and standing angles of the flip platform through information source calculation to avoid equipment damage caused by excessive wind. The solar panels automatically track the direction of sunlight, and then adjust the angle of the rotating platform through information source calculation to achieve the sun-tracking function.

[0039] In addition, the sun-chasing and wind-shielding solar panel bracket can be installed in a relatively harsh climate environment to improve the solar energy replacement efficiency and deal with the breakage and cracking of solar panels in strong winds.

[0040] It should be understood that in the claims and description of the present invention, all "including..." should be understood as an open-ended meaning, that is, its meaning is equivalent to "at least contains...", and should not be understood as a closed meaning, that is, its meaning should not be understood as "only includes...".

[0041] The specific embodiments described herein are merely examples of the spirit of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in similar ways, but they will not deviate from the spirit of the present invention or exceed the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A solar panel support for sun chasing and wind sheltering, characterized by: It includes a load-bearing bracket arranged at the bottom, a rotating platform arranged on the load-bearing bracket and capable of plane rotation relative to the load-bearing bracket through a rotating component, and a flipping platform arranged on the rotating platform and capable of horizontally tilting relative to the rotating platform through a flipping component. A solar panel is arranged above the flipping platform, and a three-cup wind measuring element for measuring wind properties is arranged in front of the flipping platform. The rotating component and the flipping component are operated through a control component.

2. The sun-chasing and wind-shielding solar panel bracket according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-cup wind measuring element is rotatably connected to the side of the flip platform through a first hinged rod. A circular ring bracket is provided at the bottom of the three-cup wind measuring element, and a curved rod is provided at the bottom of the circular ring bracket. The plane where the curved rod is located is perpendicular to the plane where the flip platform is located. The interior of the curved rod has a cavity, and a steel ball is provided in the cavity for free rolling.

3. The sun-chasing and wind-shielding solar panel bracket according to claim 2, characterized in that: The three-cup wind measuring element comprises a cylindrical bracket, a rotating column rotatably arranged on the cylindrical bracket, and three lightweight wind cups centrally symmetrically arranged on the rotating column. A sampling gear is sleeved on the rotating column, a photoelectric switch is arranged at the joint between the rotating column and the sampling gear, and a micro single-chip computer is arranged in the lightweight wind cup.

4. The sun-chasing and wind-shielding solar panel bracket according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating assembly includes a rotating CNC motor fixedly mounted on a load-bearing bracket, a first output gear fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the rotating CNC motor, a first shaft laterally mounted on the load-bearing bracket, a first gear and a worm gear fixedly mounted on the first shaft and staggered from each other, a second shaft vertically mounted on the load-bearing bracket, and a worm gear fixedly mounted on the second shaft, the output gear and the first gear edge meshing to transmit power, and the worm gear and the worm gear laterally meshing to transmit power.

5. The sun-chasing and wind-shielding solar panel bracket according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flip assembly includes a telescopic rod whose two ends are rotatably connected to the rotating platform and the flip platform through a second hinged rod and a third hinged rod, a flip CNC motor fixedly arranged on the rotating platform, a second output gear fixedly sleeved on the output shaft of the flip CNC motor, a fixed shaft fixedly arranged on the flip platform, and a fan gear fixedly sleeved on the fixed shaft, and the second output gear is meshed with the edge of the fan gear.

6. The sun-chasing and wind-shielding solar panel support according to claim 5, characterized in that: The flipping CNC motor is a bidirectional output motor. The second output gear is sleeved on the output shaft at one end of the flipping CNC motor. A second shaft is rotatably provided on the flipping platform. The output shaft at the other end of the flipping CNC motor is connected to the second shaft. A third output gear is provided at the end of the second shaft. Fixed shafts are provided on both sides of the flipping platform and are sleeved with fan-shaped gears. The second output gear and the third output gear are respectively meshed with the edges of the two fan-shaped gears on both sides.

7. The sun-chasing and wind-shielding solar panel bracket according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The telescopic rods are divided into two groups and are arranged in parallel between the rotating platform and the turning platform on both sides.

8. The sun-chasing and wind-shielding solar panel support according to claim 5, characterized in that: A damping block is arranged on the rotating platform, and when the flipping platform contacts the damping block, the flipping platform is parallel to the rotating platform.

9. The sun-chasing and wind-shielding solar panel support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solar panel has two layers, the lower solar panel is fixed on the flip platform, and the upper solar panel has two groups of panels which are symmetrically arranged on the flip platform for sliding left and right respectively. A screw rod and an opening and closing control motor for driving the screw rod to rotate are longitudinally arranged at the bottom of the flip platform. A sliding block is sleeved on the sliding rod, and two support rods are rotatably arranged on both sides of the sliding block, and the other ends of the two support rods are rotatably arranged at the bottom of the solar panel.

Images