Photoelectric building block

Abstract

The invention relates to an optoelectronic building block comprising: a rigid support (1) made of a single extrusion of non-metallic material, provided with a front part having a first coupling member (10) formed by a groove (11) between two opposing and parallel slotted guides (12) defining a narrowing of the opening of the groove (11); at least one photovoltaic panel (2) having a second coupling member (20) inserted in the groove (11) and having opposite coupling ends (21) inserted in the two slotted guides (12); wherein the optoelectronic building block further comprises a holding device (30) which exerts a thrust on the opposite coupling end (21) of the second coupling member (20), pushes the opposite coupling end (21) away from the bottom of the groove (11), and pushes the opposite coupling end (21) against the lower surfaces (13) of the two grooved guides (12), thereby holding the optoelectronic panel (2).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a photovoltaic building block comprising a photovoltaic panel coupled to a high strength and high durability rigid support, typically a ceramic support or a mortar support suitable for architectural integration, although other materials such as plastics are also contemplated.

[0002] A photovoltaic panel is understood to be a device in the form of a flat plate which is able to generate electrical energy when receiving direct sunlight, such as a photovoltaic panel, or which is able to generate light when receiving electrical energy, such as a light panel or a screen, as a result of the photoelectric effect. Background Art

[0003] Known photovoltaic building blocks comprise photovoltaic panels fixed to a rigid support, typically a ceramic, mortar or stone slab, designed as roof tiles, or exterior wall cladding, or even bricks, and are made of non-metallic material so as to be easily integrated in buildings made using common techniques in the art.

[0004] For example, patent document CN209556279U describes a ceramic brick with a central groove in which a photovoltaic panel is received and retained by an adhesive. Due to its geometry, the ceramic brick described in the document cannot be manufactured by an extrusion process, which increases manufacturing costs and reduces manufacturing speed. In addition, fixing the photovoltaic panel by an adhesive will hinder or impede the maintenance or replacement of the photovoltaic panel (if necessary), and also hinder the future reuse or recycling of the component.

[0005] US patent document US2014007528A1 also describes a building block comprising a rigid support in the form of a mortar block to which a photovoltaic panel is attached, in this case by means of an inserted metal structure formed by folded metal sheets. Neither the manufacture of the inserted structure nor its fixing to the rigid mortar support is optimized for rapid, cost-effective mass production.

[0006] US Patent Document US5112408A describes a building block consisting of a rigid support member having a groove defined between two opposite and parallel grooved guides, into which two side edges of a photovoltaic panel are inserted. The document describes a toothed profile on the surface opposite to the photovoltaic panel inside the grooved guide member, which is complementary to the toothed profile provided on the side edge of the photovoltaic panel. The toothed profile is configured to allow the photovoltaic panel to be slidably inserted from the open end of the rigid support member toward the closed end in a direction parallel to the grooved guide member, and to keep the photovoltaic panel in the groove. The geometric shape of the rigid support member defined in the document requires complex molds in its manufacture or processing, which increases the manufacturing cost. In addition, the toothed profile proposed in the document can prevent the photovoltaic panel from sliding and removing in a direction parallel to the grooved guide member, but cannot prevent the photovoltaic panel from vibrating in a direction perpendicular to the photovoltaic panel due to factors such as wind.

[0007] Chinese patent document CN113872502A also describes a building block consisting of a rigid support having a groove defined between two opposite and parallel grooved guides, into which two side edges of a photovoltaic panel are inserted. However, the document does not mention any retaining device to prevent the photovoltaic panel from moving or vibrating.

[0008] The present invention solves these and other problems. Summary of the invention

[0009] The invention relates to a photovoltaic building block.

[0010] A building block is understood to be an element suitable for architectural integration in a building, typically forming part of a wall, cladding, grid or the like.

[0011] According to the prior art, the proposed optoelectronic building blocks include:

[0012] a rigid support made from a single piece of extrudable non-metallic material, the rigid support being provided with a front portion and a rear portion, the front portion having a first coupling member; and

[0013] at least one photovoltaic panel having a second coupling member attached to the first coupling member such that the photovoltaic panel covers at least a portion of the front of the rigid support; wherein

[0014] The first coupling member comprises: a groove formed at the front of the rigid support, the groove being located between two opposing and parallel grooved guides, the grooved guides defining a narrowing of the groove opening, each grooved guide comprising a lower surface facing the bottom of the groove;

[0015] The second coupling member is inserted into the groove, and the second coupling member has opposite coupling ends inserted into two opposite grooved guides, the spacing between the opposite coupling ends being larger than the opening of the groove; and wherein

[0016] The photovoltaic building module also includes retaining means that retain the photovoltaic panel on the rigid support, preventing the second coupling member from sliding relative to the first coupling member.

[0017] A rigid support made of an extrudable non-metallic material is understood to be a panel made of a material that can be formed by an extrusion process. Non-metallic materials that are commonly formed by an extrusion process are, for example, ceramics, mortars, and plastic materials.

[0018] Metallic materials have corrosion problems and are electrically conductive, so their production has a serious impact on the environment. In addition, metallic materials have other problems that hinder their integration into buildings. For example, metallic materials cannot be easily attached to common building materials (e.g., by mortar), and expensive mechanical fixing elements are required. Another problem is that the thermal expansion of metallic materials is much higher than that of other materials commonly used in construction (such as ceramics, concrete and mortar), so special accessories are needed during integration to absorb the above expansion differences.

[0019] All of these problems can be avoided by using a rigid support made of an extrudable non-metallic material, preferably a ceramic, mortar, concrete material, or even a plastic material, which expands not much differently than ordinary building materials.

[0020] The rigid support will have two main faces, one of which will be the front face of the rigid support, for facing the sun, and the other main face opposite the front face will be the back face. The rigid support may have other faces on its perimeter, such as two ends and two side faces.

[0021] The photovoltaic panel will cover at least a portion of the front of the rigid support and will be exposed to sunlight and visible to potential users.

[0022] Photovoltaic panels are understood to be devices in the form of flat plates that are able to generate electrical energy upon receiving direct light, such as photovoltaic panels, or that are able to generate light upon receiving electrical energy, such as light panels or screens, as a result of the photoelectric effect.

[0023] For example, photovoltaic panels can be rigid or flexible panels made of silicon, perovskite, or other materials that generate electricity when exposed to direct sunlight due to the photovoltaic effect.

[0024] For example, the light panel may be an LED (light-emitting diode) panel, an OLED (organic light-emitting diode) panel, or other equivalent technologies, which emits light for illumination, signaling, or other purposes.

[0025] For example, the screen may be an AMOLED (active-matrix organic light-emitting diode) screen, an LCD (liquid crystal display) screen with an LED backlight, or other equivalent technology.

[0026] According to the foregoing, the front portion of the rigid support has two opposite and parallel grooved guides and a groove defined between the grooved guides.

[0027] The edges of the two parallel guides determine the narrowing of the groove opening, ie the distance between the edges is smaller than the maximum width of the groove, which includes the inner width of the two slotted guides.

[0028] This narrowing determines which part of the wall of each slotted guide will face the bottom of the groove and constitute the lower surface of the slotted guide.

[0029] The element constituting the second coupling member is received in the groove, the width of the element being greater than the width of the groove opening, and the opposite coupling end of the element being inserted into the grooved guide, to be anchored to the rigid support and constituting the second coupling member.

[0030] The second coupling member inserted into the groove can slide along the grooved guide or vibrate therein, in particular considering that the manufacturing tolerances of the rigid support may be greater than the manufacturing tolerances of the photovoltaic panel, in particular when the rigid support is obtained by an extrusion process and optionally by a subsequent firing step, for example when the rigid support is made of a ceramic material. Different manufacturing tolerances between the rigid support and the photovoltaic panel prevent a tight, gap-free insertion of the first coupling member and the second coupling member.

[0031] It is recommended to add a retaining device to prevent the above-mentioned sliding and vibration.

[0032] According to what is not known in the prior art, the present invention also proposes the following contents:

[0033] The rigid support has a cross section perpendicular to the two grooved guides that is constant along the entire length of the rigid support, thereby defining a geometry suitable for manufacture by an extrusion process;

[0034] The holding device applies a thrust to press the opposite coupling end of the second coupling member toward the lower surfaces of the two grooved guide members, so that the opposite coupling end is away from the bottom of the groove.

[0035] Since the cross section of the rigid support is constant, which allows the rigid support to be manufactured by extrusion, thus achieving cost-effective manufacturing, the groove will be accessible through the end of the rigid support (i.e. at the open and accessible end of the slotted guide), allowing the second coupling member to be inserted by sliding in the longitudinal direction of the slotted guide. The groove can also be accessed through an opening defined between the edges of two parallel slotted guides.

[0036] The proposed retaining device holds the photovoltaic panel on the rigid support by pushing the relative connecting ends against the lower surfaces of the two grooved guides facing the bottom of the groove, thereby preventing the second connecting member from sliding relative to the first connecting member and preventing its vibration, while allowing the rigid support to be manufactured by an extrusion process, thereby allowing cost-effective mass production.

[0037] The pressure of the opposing coupling ends against the lower surfaces of the slotted guides will prevent the second coupling member from sliding along the two slotted guides, thereby preventing the photovoltaic panel fixed to the rigid support from sliding through the second coupling member.

[0038] Preferably, the retaining device is arranged like a wedge between the photovoltaic panel and the bottom of the groove, so as to generate a thrust on the opposite coupling end against the lower surface of the two grooved guides. In this way, the retaining device inserted between the photovoltaic panel and the bottom of the groove will generate a thrust, so that the photovoltaic panel and its corresponding opposite coupling end will be away from the groove.

[0039] Optionally, at least one of the respective opposite coupling ends of the photovoltaic panel, the retaining device, or the photovoltaic panel can be at least partially elastically deformed. This elastic deformation facilitates the insertion of the retaining device, and the elastic deformation occurring during the insertion pushes the photovoltaic panel outwardly away from the groove.

[0040] For example, the holding device may comprise two strip-shaped sliding devices arranged between the photovoltaic panel and the bottom of the groove, which strip-shaped sliding devices may slide from the center of the groove to the two grooved guides.

[0041] According to another embodiment, the groove bottom can be concave, which defines a reduction in the distance between the photovoltaic panel and the groove bottom in the direction towards the two grooved guides. In this way, when the strip-shaped slide slides towards the grooved guides, the wedging effect will increase.

[0042] Each strip slide may optionally include guide flanges supported at the ends of the rigid support, and / or seat flanges on which the transverse edges of the photovoltaic panel located between the grooved guides rest. These flanges will allow the position of the strip slide to be fixed relative to the rigid support and / or the position of the photovoltaic panel to be fixed relative to the strip slide.

[0043] According to another embodiment, the retaining means may comprise one or more wedges inserted between the photovoltaic panel and the bottom of the groove.

[0044] The rigid support may include a plurality of through holes parallel to the slotted guide, for example, in order to reduce its weight. In this case, each wedge may include an anchor, or an anchor provided with a toothed or barbed structure at its edge, which is snugly inserted into one of the through holes, thereby fixing the position of the wedge.

[0045] It is also proposed that each wedge-shaped element may comprise a seating flange on which the transverse edge of the photovoltaic panel located between the grooved guide elements rests.

[0046] According to another alternative embodiment, the retaining means consist of convex bodies and / or protrusions protruding from the bottom of the groove, which are configured to retain the flexible photovoltaic panel in a bent state between the lower surface of the grooved guide and the convex bodies and / or protrusions of the groove. According to this embodiment, the photovoltaic panel must be bent in order to be slidably inserted into the groove from the end of the rigid support, and remain bent when the photovoltaic panel slides to its final position. Once that position is reached, the actual elastic deformation of the photovoltaic panel will push its central area towards the convex bodies and / or protrusions protruding from the bottom of the groove, while pushing the opposite connection end towards the lower surface of the two grooved guides. Preferably, the convex bodies and / or protrusions are located on a straight line between the lower surfaces of the two grooved guides, preventing the photovoltaic panel from becoming flat.

[0047] According to another embodiment, the holding means are constituted by a photovoltaic panel and a groove bottom, the photovoltaic panel being flexible and held in a bent state between the grooved guides, the groove bottom being concave and having a width measured in a straight line between the opposite inner parts of the two grooved guides, which width is equal to or greater than the length measured in a straight line between the two opposite coupling ends when the photovoltaic panel is held in a bent state, and which width is less than the length measured in a straight line between the opposite coupling ends when the photovoltaic panel is not coupled and flat, the bending of the photovoltaic panel generating the mentioned thrust of the opposite coupling ends against the lower surfaces of the two grooved guides. According to this embodiment, the photovoltaic panel is held in a bent state in the groove, so that the photovoltaic panel is acted upon by an elastic expansion force in an attempt to return to its flat state. This elastic expansion force will push the photovoltaic panel away from the groove bottom, holding it in the grooved guides, so that in this case the photovoltaic panel itself is the holding means.

[0048] It should be understood that references to geometric positions, such as parallel, perpendicular, tangential, etc., are permitted to deviate by up to ±5° from the theoretical positions defined by these nomenclatures.

[0049] Other features of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of the embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0050] The foregoing and other advantages and features will be more fully understood based on the following detailed description of embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which must be read in an illustrative and non-limiting manner, in which:

[0051] Figure 1 A perspective view of a photovoltaic building block according to a first embodiment is shown in a released state, wherein the photovoltaic panel is separated from the assembly, wherein the retaining device comprises two strip-shaped runners.

[0052] Figure 2 Shown with Figure 1 The same photovoltaic building block, but in an assembled state with the strip runners in a blocked state, shown with an enlarged view of the end of one of the slotted guides.

[0053] Figure 3 Shown according to Figure 2 A plan view of a photovoltaic building block of the illustrated embodiment with the concave groove bottom shown in an exaggerated manner.

[0054] Figure 4 Shown according to Figure 2 A plan view of a photovoltaic building block of the illustrated embodiment showing the curved photovoltaic panel in an exaggerated manner.

[0055] Figure 5 A perspective view of a photovoltaic building block according to a second embodiment is shown with the retaining device separated from the assembly, wherein the retaining device comprises two compressible wedges inserted between the photovoltaic panel and the bottom of the groove.

[0056] Figure 6 A plan view of a photovoltaic building block according to a third embodiment is shown, wherein the bending of the photovoltaic panel by two protrusions at the bottom of the groove is shown in an exaggerated manner.

[0057] Figure 7 A side view of a photovoltaic building block according to a fourth embodiment is shown, according to which at least a portion of the grooves are located in a portion of the front part of the rigid support which is inclined relative to the vertical and is not parallel to the vertical rear part of the rigid support. This embodiment also shows a rigid support incorporating two grooves and two photovoltaic panels.

[0058] Figure 8A side view of a photovoltaic building block according to a fifth embodiment is shown, according to which the photovoltaic panel is a flexible panel which is inserted into a convex groove in a bent state, so that when trying to return to a horizontal state, the photovoltaic panel causes the two opposite coupling ends to separate, thereby causing it to be tightly inserted into the concave groove of the grooved guide, the bent photovoltaic panel acting as a retaining device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] The accompanying drawings show illustrative, non-limiting embodiments of the invention.

[0060] According to one embodiment, the present invention is directed to a photovoltaic building block suitable for architectural integration.

[0061] The photovoltaic building block comprises a rigid support (1) made of a single piece of extrudable non-metallic material. Typically, the rigid support (1) will be a ceramic block or mortar block, such as a brick or the like, or a flat ceramic board or mortar board, such as a tile or the like. Alternatively, the rigid support (1) may be made of plastic.

[0062] The rigid support (1) is provided with a front part and a rear part, the front part having a first coupling member (10).

[0063] The photovoltaic building block also comprises at least one photovoltaic panel (2), which comprises a second coupling member (20).

[0064] The second coupling member (20) is attached to the first coupling member (10) to secure the photovoltaic panel (2) to the rigid support (1).

[0065] The photovoltaic panel (2) will cover at least a portion of the front of the rigid support (1).

[0066] The first connecting member (10) comprises a groove (11) formed at the front of the rigid support (1), the groove (11) being located between two opposite and parallel grooved guides (12), the grooved guides (12) defining a narrowing of the opening of the groove (11), each grooved guide (12) comprising a lower surface (13) facing the bottom of the groove (11).

[0067] According to one embodiment, the lower surfaces (13) of the two grooved guides (12) may be coplanar with each other, or alternatively may be inclined towards the opening of the groove (11).

[0068] The rigid support (1) has a cross section perpendicular to the two grooved guides (12) which is constant along the entire length of the rigid support (1), thereby defining a geometry suitable for manufacture by an extrusion process. This geometry, together with the selected extrudable material, allows the rigid support to be manufactured by an extrusion process, thereby achieving rapid, efficient and cost-effective mass production, the rigid support including the two grooved guides (12) without the need for subsequent manufacturing steps. Therefore, the rigid support is preferably manufactured by an extrusion process.

[0069] The second coupling member (20) of the photovoltaic panel (2) is inserted into the groove (11), and the second coupling member (20) has opposite coupling ends (21) inserted into two opposite grooved guides (12), and the interval between the opposite coupling ends (21) is larger than the opening of the groove (11).

[0070] according to Figures 1 to 6 In the preferred embodiment shown, the second coupling member (20) is formed by the photovoltaic panel (2) itself, which is inserted into the groove (11). The photovoltaic panel (2) has two mutually parallel side edges. These side edges are inserted into two grooved guides (12), and these side edges constitute the opposite coupling ends (21).

[0071] According to this preferred embodiment, the side edge of the photovoltaic panel (2), or the side edge and the lateral edge of the photovoltaic panel (2) both include protective profiles connected along their length direction, usually U-shaped profiles, thereby preventing direct contact between the photovoltaic panel (2) and the rigid support (1).

[0072] The photovoltaic panel (2) further comprises at least two conductive cables connected to two opposite edges of the photovoltaic panel (2). At least a portion of the two conductive cables will extend along the longitudinal direction of the grooved guide on the rear of the photovoltaic panel.

[0073] For example, two conductive cables can be connected to the two side edges of the photovoltaic panel inserted into the two slotted guides (12). Thus, the conductive cables will be at least partially contained in the slotted guides (12), at least from the connection point with the photovoltaic panel (2) to the end of the rigid support (1).

[0074] According to another embodiment, the conductive cables will be connected to the two lateral edges of the photovoltaic panel (2) between the grooved guides (12), and one of the conductive cables will extend in the longitudinal direction on the rear of the photovoltaic panel, for example, along the central area of ​​the photovoltaic panel included between the two side edges.

[0075] According to one embodiment, the conductive cable is arranged behind the photovoltaic panel (2), and the bottom of the groove (11) comprises a longitudinal groove which allows accommodating the conductive cable without pressing it against the bottom of the groove (11).

[0076] Alternatively, if Figure 7 As shown, the second coupling member (20) comprises one or more flanges adhered to the rear of the photovoltaic panel (2).

[0077] According to the embodiment shown, one or more flanges are inserted into one of the grooved guides (12), and the side edge of the photovoltaic panel (2) is inserted into the other grooved guide (12), and the assembly consisting of the one or more flanges and the side edge of the photovoltaic panel constitutes the relative connection end (21).

[0078] Alternatively, according to an embodiment not shown, one or more flanges will be inserted simultaneously into both grooved guides ( 12 ), the one or more flanges constituting the opposite coupling ends ( 21 ).

[0079] The photovoltaic building block also includes a retaining device (30) which applies a thrust to the relative connecting end (21) of the second connecting member (20) so that the relative connecting end (21) is away from the bottom of the groove (11) and pushes the relative connecting end (21) against the lower surface (13) of the two grooved guide members (12), thereby retaining the photovoltaic panel (2) relative to the rigid support member (1) and preventing the second connecting member (20) from sliding relative to the first connecting member (10).

[0080] according to Figures 1 to 4 In one embodiment shown, the retaining device (30) includes two strip-shaped sliding devices arranged between the photovoltaic panel (2) and the bottom of the groove (11), which can slide from the center of the groove (11) to the two grooved guide members (12) to act as wedges between the photovoltaic panel (2) and the bottom of the groove (11).

[0081] Each strip runner may also comprise a guide flange (31) supported on the end of the rigid support (1), and / or a seat flange (32) on which the lateral edge of the photovoltaic panel (2) located between the grooved guides (12) rests.

[0082] Alternatively, it is conceivable that Figure 3 As shown, the bottom of the groove (11) is concave, and / or as Figure 4 As shown, the photovoltaic panel (2) is flexible.

[0083] Either of these alternatives will allow the strip runner to slide towards the end to increase the pressure of the opposing coupling end (21) against the lower surface (13).

[0084] Another additional or alternative embodiment not shown would include a compressible element disposed between the opposing coupling end (21) and the lower surface (13) of the grooved guide (12).

[0085] like Figure 5 Another embodiment of the holding means (30) shown comprises one or more elastically compressible wedges inserted between the photovoltaic panel (2) and the bottom of the groove (11), which wedges constitute the holding means (30).

[0086] The rigid support (1) may include a plurality of through holes parallel to the grooved guide (12), which through holes may also be obtained by an extrusion process.

[0087] In this case, each wedge-shaped member may include an anchor member (33) snugly inserted into one of the through holes to fix its position. The anchor member (33) may have a toothed or barbed structure at its edge in contact with the inner surface of the through hole to ensure a proper fixing effect, and the structure formed by die-cutting and bending a metal plate is simple and low-cost.

[0088] Each wedge-shaped element may also comprise a seating flange (32) on which the lateral edge of the photovoltaic panel (2) located between the grooved guide elements (12) rests.

[0089] according to Figure 6 In another embodiment shown, the bottom of the groove (11) is convex and / or includes protruding protrusions. In this case, the photovoltaic panel (2) will be flexible and held in a bent state between the lower surface (13) of the grooved guide (12) and the convex bottom and / or protrusions of the groove (11). The assembly consisting of the flexible photovoltaic panel (2) and the convex bottom and / or the bottom with protrusions will constitute the holding device (30).

[0090] According to another alternative embodiment, the photovoltaic panel (2) is flexible and is held in a bent state between the grooved guides (12). The bottom of the groove (11) is concave, and the width of the groove (11) measured in a straight line between the opposite inner parts of the two grooved guides (12) is less than the length of the photovoltaic panel (2) measured in a straight line between the two opposite connecting ends when the photovoltaic panel is flat, and the width of the groove (11) is equal to or greater than the length of the photovoltaic panel (2) measured in a straight line between the two opposite connecting ends when the photovoltaic panel is held in a bent state. The assembly consisting of the flexible photovoltaic panel (2) and the concave bottom constitutes the holding device (30).

[0091] The bent photovoltaic panel (2) tends to return to a horizontal state by elastic bending, however, the photovoltaic panel is prevented from returning to a horizontal state when being held by the maximum width of the groove measured in a straight line between the opposite bottoms of the two grooved guides (12).

[0092] According to one embodiment, the photovoltaic panel (2) is a photovoltaic panel, or a light-emitting panel, or a dynamic image emitting screen.

[0093] It is also proposed that the photovoltaic panel (2) may extend from the recess (11) in a cantilevered manner, for example at the open end of the recess (11).

[0094] according to Figure 7 In one embodiment shown, at least part of the front of the rigid support (1) comprising at least part of the groove (11) is not parallel to the rear of the rigid support, and the photovoltaic panel is tilted relative to the rear to improve its sunlight exposure.

[0095] Thus, the rear portion and at least part of the front portion are not parallel, which increases solar energy capture or visibility of the photovoltaic panels.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic building block comprising: A rigid support (1) made of a single sheet of extrudable non-metallic material, the rigid support having a front portion and a rear portion, the front portion having a first coupling member (10); at least one photovoltaic panel (2) having a second coupling member (20) attached to the first coupling member (10), the photovoltaic panel (2) covering at least a portion of the front portion of the rigid support (1); in The first coupling member (10) comprises: a groove (11) formed at the front of the rigid support (1), the groove being located between two opposite and parallel grooved guides (12), the grooved guides (12) defining a narrowing of the opening of the groove (11), each grooved guide (12) comprising a lower surface (13) facing the bottom of the groove (11); The second coupling member (20) is inserted into the groove (11), and the second coupling member (20) has opposite coupling ends (21) inserted into two opposite grooved guide members (12), and the interval between the opposite coupling ends (21) is larger than the opening of the groove (11); The photovoltaic building block further comprises a retaining device (30), wherein the retaining device (30) retains the photovoltaic panel (2) on the rigid support (1) and prevents the second connecting member (20) from sliding relative to the first connecting member (10); It is characterized in that The rigid support (1) has a cross section perpendicular to the two grooved guides (12), the cross section being constant along the entire length of the rigid support (1), thereby defining a geometry suitable for manufacture by an extrusion process; and The retaining device (30) generates a thrust force that pushes the relative connecting end (21) of the second connecting member (20) toward the lower surface (13) of the two grooved guide members (12), so that the relative connecting end (21) is away from the bottom of the groove (11).

2. The photovoltaic building block according to claim 1, wherein: The retaining device (30) is arranged as a wedge between the photovoltaic panel (2) and the bottom of the groove (11), thereby generating the thrust that pushes the relative connecting end (21) toward the lower surface (13) of the two grooved guide members (12).

3. The photovoltaic building block according to claim 2, wherein: At least one of the opposing coupling ends (21), the retaining device (30), or the photovoltaic panel (2) is at least partially elastically deformed.

4. The photovoltaic building block according to claim 2 or 3, wherein: The retaining device (30) comprises two strip-shaped sliding devices, which are arranged between the photovoltaic panel (2) and the bottom of the groove (11), and can slide from the center of the groove (11) to the two grooved guides (12).

5. The photovoltaic building block according to claim 4, wherein: The bottom of the groove (11) is concave, thereby limiting the distance between the photovoltaic panel (2) and the bottom of the groove (11) to decrease in the direction toward the two grooved guide members (12).

6. The photovoltaic building block according to claim 4 or 5, wherein: Each strip-shaped slide also comprises a guide flange (31) and / or a support flange (32), wherein the guide flange (31) is supported on the end of the rigid support (1) and the lateral edge of the photovoltaic panel (2) located between the grooved guides (12) rests on the support flange (32).

7. The photovoltaic building block according to claim 2 or 3, wherein: The retaining device (30) comprises one or more wedge-shaped members, which are inserted between the photovoltaic panel (2) and the bottom of the groove (11).

8. The photovoltaic building block according to claim 7, wherein: The rigid support member (1) comprises a plurality of through holes which are parallel to the grooved guide member (12), and wherein each wedge-shaped member comprises an anchor member (33), or an anchor member (33) having a toothed or barbed structure at its edge, wherein the anchor member is snugly inserted into one of the plurality of through holes, thereby fixing the position of the wedge-shaped member.

9. The photovoltaic building block according to claim 7 or 8, wherein: Each wedge-shaped element comprises a seating flange (32) on which the lateral edge of the photovoltaic panel (2) located between the grooved guides (12) rests.

10. The photovoltaic building block according to claim 2 or 3, wherein: The retaining device (30) is composed of a convex body and / or a protrusion protruding from the bottom of the groove (11), and the convex body and / or the protrusion are configured to retain the flexible photovoltaic panel (2) in a bent state between the lower surface (13) of the grooved guide (12) and the convex body and / or the protrusion of the groove (11).

11. The photovoltaic building block according to claim 1, wherein: The holding device (30) is composed of the photovoltaic panel (2) and the bottom of the groove (11), the photovoltaic panel (2) is flexible and is held in a bent state between the grooved guides (12), the bottom of the groove (11) is concave and has a width measured in a straight line between the relative inner parts of the two grooved guides (12), the width is equal to or greater than the length measured in a straight line between the two relative connecting ends when the photovoltaic panel is held in a bent state, and the width is less than the length measured in a straight line between the relative connecting ends when the photovoltaic panel (2) is not connected and is flat, and the bending of the photovoltaic panel (2) generates the thrust of the relative connecting ends (21) against the lower surfaces (13) of the two grooved guides (12).

12. A photovoltaic building block according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: The lower surfaces (13) of the two grooved guide members (12) are coplanar.

13. The photovoltaic building block according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 11, wherein: The lower surfaces (13) of the two grooved guide members (12) are inclined toward the opening of the groove (11).

14. A photovoltaic building block according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: The photovoltaic panel (2) is inserted into the groove (11) and constitutes the second connecting member (20), and two parallel side edges of the photovoltaic panel (2) are inserted into the two grooved guides (12), and the side edges constitute the relative connecting ends (21).

15. The photovoltaic building block of claim 14, wherein: The photovoltaic panel (2) comprises at least two conductive cables connected to two opposite edges of the photovoltaic panel (2), at least a portion of the two conductive cables extending in the longitudinal direction of the grooved guide above the rear of the photovoltaic panel.

16. The photovoltaic building block according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 13, wherein: The second connecting member (20) includes one or more flanges adhered to the rear of the photovoltaic panel (2), the one or more flanges are inserted into two grooved guides (12), and the one or more flanges constitute a relative connecting end (21), or the one or more flanges are inserted into one of the grooved guides (12), and the side edge of the photovoltaic panel (2) is inserted into the other grooved guide (12), and the assembly consisting of the one or more flanges and the side edge of the photovoltaic panel constitutes the relative connecting end (21).

17. A photovoltaic building block according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: The photoelectric panel (2) is a photovoltaic power generation panel, or a light-emitting panel, or a dynamic image emission screen.

18. A photovoltaic building block according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: The rigid support member (1) is a ceramic plate or a ceramic block, a mortar plate or a mortar block, or a plastic plate or a plastic block.

19. A photovoltaic building block according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: The photovoltaic panel (2) extends from the groove (11) in a cantilevered form.

20. A photovoltaic building block according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: At least part of the front of the rigid support (1) comprising at least part of the groove (11) is not parallel to the rear of the rigid support (1), and the photovoltaic panel is inclined relative to the rear to improve its sunlight exposure.

Images