Phalaenopsis fresh cut flower preservation solution and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a butterfly orchid fresh cut flower fresh-keeping solution, relates to the field of fresh-keeping after fresh cut flowers are picked, and mainly discloses an optimal combination of the fresh-keeping solution which contains 2g / L of sucrose, 250mg / L of citric acid, 0.5 g / L of 20% sodium dichloroisocyanurate, 5mg / m < 3 > of 1-methylcyclopropene and the balance of water. And the flower vase cutting period of the phalaenopsis amabilis is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of post-harvest fresh cut flower preservation, in particular to a Phalaenopsis fresh cut flower preservation liquid and application thereof. Technical Background

[0002] After fresh cut flowers leave the mother plant, their physiological activities will continue for a period of time, accompanied by various endogenous physiological changes. In response to these physiological and biochemical changes, people use physical and chemical technical means to delay the aging of fresh cut flowers to increase the viewing time and enhance the economic value of cut flowers. Among them, fresh cut flower preservative liquid is the most important chemical preservation technology, which has low equipment requirements, convenient operation, and flexible use. It is used to control ethylene synthesis and microbial proliferation, maintain sufficient water and respiratory balance and petal color, thereby delaying the aging of cut flowers and maintaining their ornamental value. Preservative liquid is divided into three types: pretreatment liquid, flower-inducing liquid, and vase liquid. Due to their different uses, they are used in different flowering periods. Pretreatment liquid is mainly used when the flower branches are just harvested, and is used to maintain and improve the quality of cut flowers from harvesting to transportation to the sales site. Flower-inducing liquid is generally used for cut flowers harvested in the bud stage or with flower buds on the flower branches. These cut flowers need to be flower-inducing after being transported to the sales point, so that the flower buds can open smoothly or accelerate, that is, the flower-inducing liquid has the effect of shortening the growth cycle of cut flowers and adapting to market demand. Vase liquid is mainly used for cut flowers during the vase period. It plays the role of providing a source of water for cut flowers, maintaining the quality of cut flowers, and prolonging the life of cut flowers. The main ingredients include water, sugar, fungicides, organic acids, plant growth regulators, ethylene inhibitors, etc.

[0003] Phalaenopsis has a high ornamental value and can bring huge economic benefits. Phalaenopsis has a wide variety of varieties, beautiful flower shapes and a long flowering period, and has great potential for cut flower production at home and abroad. However, at present, the research on fresh cut flower preservation technology in my country is mainly focused on roses, gladiolus, chrysanthemums, carnations, and gerberas. There are few reports on Phalaenopsis cut flower preservation technology, and no complete system has been formed.

[0004] The Chinese patent application number is 201510370770.X, and the name is a preservative solution for Phalaenopsis cut flowers. It discloses a preservative solution for Phalaenopsis cut flowers, which contains 3-5g / L sucrose, 1-3g / L CaCl2, 20-30mg / L citric acid, 15-20mg / L ZnCl2, 10-20mg / L sodium dichloroisocyanurate, 50-100μg / L 1-methylcyclopropene, and the balance is water. However, the complexity of the formula may restrict its popularity in the market and affect the diversified application of Phalaenopsis cut flowers. In addition, in actual production, it still faces problems such as uneven quality, high cost, logistics loss, short sales window and delayed supply chain response. With the increasing demand for Phalaenopsis cut flowers in the market, it is particularly important to improve the formula of Phalaenopsis cut flower preservative solution and solve the problem of Phalaenopsis cut flower preservation. Summary of the invention

[0005] The invention provides a Phalaenopsis fresh cut flower preservative liquid and application thereof, aiming to solve the problem that the composition of the fresh cut flower preservative liquid in the prior art is relatively complicated.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] The invention discloses a Phalaenopsis fresh cut flower preservative liquid, which contains 2g / L sucrose, 250mg / L citric acid, 0.5g / L 20% sodium dichloroisocyanurate and 5mg / L 3 1-methylcyclopropene, the balance being water.

[0008] The invention discloses a method for preparing a Phalaenopsis fresh cut flower preservative liquid, comprising the following steps:

[0009] A1: Dissolve 1-methylcyclopropene in a container filled with water and cover the container opening with a breathable film, ensuring that there is enough space between the film and the water surface;

[0010] A2: Weigh sucrose, citric acid and 20% sodium dichloroisocyanurate, add these substances into another container filled with water, and stir thoroughly until they are completely dissolved;

[0011] A3: Place a container containing the 1-methylcyclopropene solution near a solution in which sucrose, citric acid and 20% sodium dichloroisocyanurate have been dissolved, so that the 1-methylcyclopropene gas can be slowly released into the solution.

[0012] A4: Stir the entire solution thoroughly to ensure that all ingredients are evenly distributed, then properly seal and package the prepared Phalaenopsis fresh cut flower preservation solution to make the finished product ready for use.

[0013] The present invention discloses a method for preserving Phalaenopsis fresh cut flowers by using the present invention, comprising the following steps:

[0014] S1: Trim the Phalaenopsis fresh cut flower branches at an angle of 45° by 2 cm;

[0015] S2: Soaking the fresh cut Phalaenopsis orchid flowers in the fresh-keeping solution of the present invention to preserve them;

[0016] S3: Replace the preservative solution every 5 days to ensure the best preservation effect.

[0017] The invention discloses application of a Phalaenopsis fresh cut flower preservative liquid in preserving the Phalaenopsis fresh cut flowers.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0019] 1. The present invention uses 5mg / m 31-Methylcyclopropene and 0.5g / L 20% sodium dichloroisocyanurate are used in combination, and 2g / L sucrose and 250mg / L citric acid are used as auxiliary to obtain a fresh-keeping liquid formula with better effect. This formula combination can extend the vase life of Phalaenopsis cut flowers and reduce the fresh weight loss of Phalaenopsis cut flowers during storage, thereby ensuring the quality of Phalaenopsis cut flowers. At the same time, all components of the combined formula have good safety at the given concentration, and the component cost is relatively reasonable, which can achieve the fresh-keeping effect and is economical. Through experiments, it can be obtained that the concentration of 2g / L sucrose can not only provide the energy required by Phalaenopsis cut flowers, but also maintain the osmotic pressure balance of cut flower cells; the concentration of 250mg / L citric acid will not cause acidic damage to plants on the basis of adjusting the pH value of the fresh-keeping liquid; 0.5g / L 20% sodium dichloroisocyanurate is sufficient to achieve the disinfection effect, while avoiding the damage that high concentration disinfectants may cause to plants; 5mg / m 3 1-Methylcyclopropene can effectively inhibit the ethylene effect, prolong the shelf life, and will not cause poisoning to Phalaenopsis cut flowers. Among them, the new ethylene inhibitor 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) is a cyclopropene compound, which can not only tightly bind to the metal atom of the receptor through its own double bond, block the binding of ethylene to the receptor, keep the receptor in a passivated state, and inhibit the physiological and biochemical reactions related to ethylene; it can also inhibit the induction of exogenous ethylene on endogenous ethylene by inhibiting the activity of ACS in cut flowers and reducing the ACC content, thereby extending the post-harvest life of Phalaenopsis fresh cut flowers. The present invention selects a low concentration of 1-methylcyclopropene to effectively reduce the moisture balance value of cut flowers and improve the quality of Phalaenopsis cut flowers. The present invention found that the concentration of 5mg / m 3 Compared with other concentrations, 1-MCP treatment can further delay the aging of Phalaenopsis cut flowers, promote the water absorption capacity of cut flowers, and improve the preservation effect of Phalaenopsis cut flowers; it can promote the opening of Phalaenopsis flowers, effectively delay the aging of Phalaenopsis flowers, inhibit the shedding of petals, and extend the vase insertion period of Phalaenopsis cut flowers. The fresh-keeping liquid of the present invention has low cost, simple and convenient operation, and is safe and environmentally friendly. The fresh-keeping liquid components do not contain heavy metal plasma, have no adverse effects on the human body and the environment, and greatly improve the ornamental value and economic benefits of Phalaenopsis fresh cut flowers.

[0020] 2. Sucrose is the main energy source in the preservation solution, which can provide necessary nutrients to help maintain the life activities of flowers. Add 2g·L -1 A specific amount of sucrose can promote the osmotic regulation of Phalaenopsis cut flower cells, maintain the integrity and function of the cell membrane, and thus extend the vase life of Phalaenopsis cut flowers.

[0021] 3. Citric acid, as an organic acid, can adjust the pH value of the fresh-keeping solution. Add 250 mg·L -1Specific amounts of citric acid can effectively inhibit the reproduction of microorganisms in the vase liquid, reduce the blockage of the stem ducts of Phalaenopsis cut flowers, promote the water absorption of Phalaenopsis cut flower branches, reduce the corruption caused by microorganisms, maintain the freshness of the flowers, and improve the quality of Phalaenopsis cut flowers.

[0022] 4. Sodium dichloroisocyanurate is easy to dissolve and has low toxicity. The concentration is 0.5g·L -1 20% sodium dichloroisocyanurate can inhibit the growth of harmful microorganisms while retaining microorganisms that are beneficial to the survival of fresh cut flowers, further extending the vase life and water absorption of Phalaenopsis cut flowers, and effectively maintaining the water balance in the body of Phalaenopsis cut flowers. Sodium dichloroisocyanurate can kill bacteria and microorganisms, has the characteristics of low concentration, easy solubility, and better preservation effect.

[0023] 5. The preservative liquid components and their concentration ratios of the present invention are more suitable for warm, humid, and rainy environments, and can significantly improve the preservation effect of Phalaenopsis fresh cut flowers, help extend their vase life, and enhance their ornamental value; at the same time, they are particularly outstanding in the main Phalaenopsis varieties widely circulated in the market, especially for those with longer pedicels, inflorescences, larger flower diameters and flower quantities, and neatly arranged flowers, such as Dabaihua V3, Da Lajiao, Hongshi, and Huangjinjia. After applying the preservative liquid, these varieties not only have a significantly extended vase life, but also effectively maintain the vividness and overall beauty of their flowers, thereby showing higher competitiveness and economic value in the market. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following is a detailed description of an embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation method and a specific operation process are given, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiment.

[0025] Example 1

[0026] A Phalaenopsis fresh cut flower preservative solution comprising 2g / L sucrose, 250mg / L citric acid, 0.5g / L 20% sodium dichloroisocyanurate and 5mg / L 3 1-methylcyclopropene, the balance being water.

[0027] Specifically, sucrose is the main energy source in the Phalaenopsis fresh cut flower preservative solution, providing necessary nutrition to help maintain the life activities of the flowers; citric acid is used to adjust the pH value of the preservative solution, inhibit microbial reproduction, reduce stem blockage, promote water absorption, and reduce corruption caused by microorganisms; 20% sodium dichloroisocyanurate inhibits the growth of harmful microorganisms while maintaining the presence of beneficial microorganisms, which helps to extend the vase life of cut flowers and maintain their water balance; 1-methylcyclopropene can inhibit the activity of ACS enzymes in cut flowers and reduce the content of ACC, thereby reducing the induction effect of exogenous ethylene on endogenous ethylene and extending the shelf life of Phalaenopsis cut flowers.

[0028] Example 2

[0029] The method for preparing Phalaenopsis fresh cut flower preservative liquid comprises the following steps:

[0030] A1: Prepare a container and add an appropriate amount of water into it. Weigh the required 1-methylcyclopropene and dissolve it in the water. Cover the container mouth with a breathable film, making sure there is enough space between the film and the water surface.

[0031] A2: Weigh the required sucrose (2 g / L), citric acid (250 mg / L) and 20% sodium dichloroisocyanurate (0.5 g / L), add these substances together into another container filled with water, and stir thoroughly until completely dissolved.

[0032] A3: Place the container containing 1-methylcyclopropene near a solution containing sucrose, citric acid and 20% sodium dichloroisocyanurate, so that 1-methylcyclopropene gas can be slowly released into the solution containing sucrose, citric acid and 20% sodium dichloroisocyanurate, ensuring that the release amount meets the requirement of 5 mg / m 3 standards.

[0033] A4: Stir the entire solution thoroughly to ensure that all ingredients are evenly distributed, and properly seal the prepared Phalaenopsis fresh cut flower preservation solution to make the finished product for use.

[0034] Example 3

[0035] The method for preserving Phalaenopsis fresh cut flowers by using the Phalaenopsis fresh cut flower preservative liquid comprises the following steps:

[0036] S1: Trim the Phalaenopsis fresh cut flower branches at an angle of 45° by 2 cm;

[0037] S2: Soaking the fresh cut Phalaenopsis orchid flowers in the fresh-keeping solution of the present invention to preserve them;

[0038] S3: Replace the preservative solution every 5 days to ensure the best preservation effect.

[0039] Example 4

[0040] Effects of different preservative solutions on the vase life of fresh-cut Phalaenopsis orchids

[0041] The received plant material 'V3' (fresh cut flower branches with well-developed flowers, no physical damage, basically consistent degree of opening (about 6 to 7 flowers), and about 60 cm in length were selected as experimental materials) were taken to the laboratory for unified pruning: the branches were pruned at a 45° angle by 2 cm. After pruning, the Phalaenopsis fresh cut flowers were inserted into fresh flower preservation tubes filled with different preservative solutions and continued to be placed in vases at room temperature.

[0042] Phalaenopsis fresh cut flower preservative solution uses sucrose concentration (A), citric acid concentration (B), 20% sodium dichloroisocyanurate concentration (C), and 1-methylcyclopropene concentration (D) as screening factors, and each factor is set at three levels. 4 ) Orthogonal experimental design 9 groups of fresh-keeping solutions, fresh-keeping and clear water solutions as controls, a total of 11 treatments. Each treatment was set up with 3 replicates, each replicate had 4 flower branches, and the fresh-keeping solutions were configured according to the factors and levels in Table 1.

[0043] During the entire experiment, the vase life and water absorption of Phalaenopsis cut flowers were observed and recorded every 5 days, and morphological changes were recorded by taking photos. After each weighing, the base of the flower branch was trimmed 2 cm, and new distilled water was replaced. The fresh weight of the flower branch and the weight of distilled water were weighed again. The mass was weighed using a percentile electronic balance.

[0044] The standard for the end of the life of Phalaenopsis cut flowers in a vase: more than 1 / 2 of the flowers have withered or wilted

[0045] Vase life = refrigerated storage time + vase life at room temperature

[0046] Table 1 Orthogonal test factors and levels of preservation solution

[0047]

[0048] According to L9(3 4 ) Orthogonal experimental design was used to design 9 groups of fresh-keeping solutions, and fresh-keeping and clear water solutions were used as controls to design 11 control groups as shown in Table 2.

[0049] Table 2 Orthogonal test results of bottle life with different preservative solutions

[0050] Table 3Orthogonal test results of bottle insertion life

[0051] of different preservation solution treatments

[0052]

[0053]

[0054] According to the data analysis results in Table 3, the range analysis of the vase life of Phalaenopsis cut flowers in different treatment groups was conducted. The results showed that the influence intensity of the four factors on the vase life of Phalaenopsis cut flowers was ranked as follows: citric acid > sucrose > 20% sodium dichloroisocyanurate > 1-methylcyclopropene.

[0055] Further analysis showed that the optimal levels of the four factors were: sucrose concentration (A) 1 level, citric acid concentration (B) 2 levels, 20% sodium dichloroisocyanurate concentration (C) 1 level, and 1-methylcyclopropene concentration (D) 1 level.

[0056] Therefore, the best preservative solution combination is: 2g·L -1 Sucrose, 250mg·L -1 Citric acid, 0.5 g·L -1 20% sodium dichloroisocyanurate (as a fungicide) and 5mg / m 3 of 1-methylcyclopropene (as an ethylene inhibitor).

[0057] Table 3 Polar analysis of orthogonal test results

[0058]

[0059]

[0060] At the same time, according to the data in Table 3, the inter-subject effect test showed that sucrose (P<0.001), citric acid (P<0.001) and 20% sodium dichloroisocyanurate (P<0.001) had a very significant effect on the ornamental life of Phalaenopsis variety 'V3', and 1-methylcyclopropene (P<0.05) also had a significant effect on the preservation effect of Phalaenopsis fresh cut flowers.

[0061] Table 4 Between-subjects effects test fororthogonal test results

[0062]

[0063] The best preservative solution combination obtained according to the orthogonal test results in Table 4 was tested on Phalaenopsis cut flower 'V3', and the vase life obtained was 35.83±2.89c(d), which was higher than the previous 11 treatment groups, indicating that the preservative solution formula containing 2g·L-1 sucrose + 250mg·L-1 citric acid + 0.5g·L-1 20% sodium dichloroisocyanurate + 5mg / m3 1-methylcyclopropene performed best.

[0064] Unless otherwise specified, the present invention has no special requirements on the sources of the components, and commercially available products known to those skilled in the art may be used.

[0065] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention specification, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A Phalaenopsis fresh cut flower preservative liquid, characterized in that: Contains 2g / L sucrose, 250mg / L citric acid, 0.5g / L 20% sodium dichloroisocyanurate and 5mg / m 3 1-methylcyclopropene, the balance being water.

2. A method for preparing the Phalaenopsis fresh cut flower preservative liquid as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: A1: Dissolve 1-methylcyclopropene in a container filled with water and cover the container opening with a breathable film, ensuring that there is enough space between the film and the water surface; A2: Weigh sucrose, citric acid and 20% sodium dichloroisocyanurate, add these substances into another container filled with water, and stir thoroughly until they are completely dissolved; A3: Place a container containing the 1-methylcyclopropene solution near a solution in which sucrose, citric acid and 20% sodium dichloroisocyanurate have been dissolved, so that the 1-methylcyclopropene gas can be slowly released into the solution. A4: Stir the entire solution thoroughly to ensure that all ingredients are evenly distributed, then properly seal and package the prepared Phalaenopsis fresh cut flower preservation solution to make the finished product ready for use.

3. Application of the fresh-keeping solution as claimed in claim 1 in preserving Phalaenopsis fresh cut flowers.

4. A method for preserving fresh cut Phalaenopsis flowers, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Trim the Phalaenopsis fresh cut flower branches at a 45° angle by 2 cm; S2: Soaking the fresh cut Phalaenopsis orchid flowers in the fresh-keeping solution of claim 1 to preserve them; S3: Replace the preservative solution every 5 days to ensure the best preservation effect.

Images