Crushing device for recycling waste lithium battery cell pole piece and metal separation method

Abstract

The invention discloses a crushing device for recycling waste lithium battery cell pole pieces and a metal separation method, and relates to the technical field of waste lithium battery recycling. A base is fixed to the lower side of the mounting box, a fixing frame is fixed to the left end of the upper side of the mounting box, a belt conveyor is mounted in the fixing frame, a flow guide assembly, a second crushing assembly, a separation assembly and a screening assembly are sequentially mounted in the mounting box from top to bottom, and an extrusion assembly is mounted on the right side in the mounting box. The extrusion assembly is attached to the right side of the screening assembly, and a first crushing assembly is installed in the installation box and located in the flow guide assembly. The feeding assembly comprises a material collecting box, a material collecting groove, a discharging pipe, a fixing barrel, a first motor, a spiral feeding rod and a discharging pipe. Solid substances in the waste lithium battery cell pole pieces can be thoroughly smashed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of waste lithium battery recycling, and in particular to a crushing device and a metal separation method for recycling waste lithium battery core pole pieces. Background Art

[0002] Lithium battery is a battery that uses lithium metal or lithium alloy as the negative electrode material and non-aqueous electrolyte solution. Compared with rechargeable batteries, lithium-ion batteries and lithium-ion polymer batteries are different. The various substances in lithium batteries have a high recycling rate, so waste lithium batteries have a high recycling value. The recycling of waste lithium batteries can not only reuse them to save energy, but also avoid the pollution caused by their direct disposal. In the prior art, the treatment of waste lithium batteries usually includes discharge, pyrolysis, cutting and crushing processes.

[0003] When crushing waste lithium batteries, the existing crushing devices cannot separate the electrolyte and solid matter in the lithium batteries because the waste lithium batteries contain electrolyte, resulting in electrolyte mixed in the crushed mixed materials, which in turn causes inconvenience in the recycling process and is prone to incomplete crushing. To this end, we propose a crushing device and metal separation method for recycling waste lithium battery cell electrodes. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the existing defects and provide a crushing device and a metal separation method for recycling waste lithium battery cell pole pieces, which can separate the electrolyte from the solid matter and at the same time can completely crush the solid matter in the waste lithium battery cell pole pieces, which can effectively solve the problems in the background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a crushing device for recycling waste lithium battery cell pole pieces, comprising an installation box and a feeding assembly; Installation box: a base is fixed on the lower side, a fixed frame is fixed on the left end of the upper side of the installation box, a belt conveyor is installed inside the fixed frame, a flow guide assembly, a second crushing assembly, a separation assembly and a screening assembly are installed in the installation box from top to bottom, an extrusion assembly is installed on the right side of the installation box, the extrusion assembly is fitted with the right side of the screening assembly, a first crushing assembly is installed inside the installation box, and the first crushing assembly is located inside the flow guide assembly; Feeding assembly: comprising a collection box, a collection trough, a discharge pipe, a fixed barrel, a first motor, a spiral feeding rod and a discharge pipe, a collection box is fixed to the left end of the upper side of the base, a collection trough is arranged inside the collection box, a discharge pipe is fixed inside the discharge port arranged at the lower end of the front side of the collection box, a fixed barrel is fixed at the front end of the discharge pipe, the discharge pipe is communicated with the inner cavity of the fixed barrel, the fixed barrel is fixed to the upper side of the base, a first motor is installed at the upper end of the fixed barrel, a spiral feeding rod is rotatably connected inside the fixed barrel, the output shaft of the first motor is fixed to the upper end of the spiral feeding rod, a discharge pipe is fixed inside the discharge port arranged at the upper end of the circumferential surface of the fixed barrel, the lower end of the discharge pipe is located above the belt conveyor, and the crushed waste lithium battery fragments are re-conveyed to the top of the belt conveyor by arranging the feeding assembly; Wherein: the input ends of the first motor and the belt conveyor are both electrically connected to the output end of an external PLC controller.

[0006] Furthermore, the guide assembly includes a U-shaped frame, a guide plate, a strip groove, a baffle, an impact bar and a limit plate. The U-shaped frame is fixed to the upper side of the interior of the installation box, the guide plate is fixed to the upper side of the interior of the U-shaped frame, the right end of the upper side of the guide plate is provided with evenly distributed strip grooves, the baffle is fixed to the right end of the upper side of the U-shaped frame, the right side of the interior of the U-shaped frame is fixed with evenly distributed impact bars, and two corresponding limit plates are fixed to the lower side of the U-shaped frame. Waste lithium batteries are stored by setting the guide assembly.

[0007] Furthermore, the first crushing component includes a turntable, a crushing bar and a second motor. The inside of the installation box is rotatably connected to the turntable, the turntable is located inside the U-shaped frame and below the guide plate, and evenly distributed crushing bars are fixed on the circumferential surface of the turntable, and all the crushing bars correspond to all the bar grooves respectively. A second motor is installed on the front side of the installation box, and the output shaft of the second motor is fixed to the front end of the turntable. The input end of the second motor is electrically connected to the output end of an external PLC controller. By setting the first crushing component, the waste lithium batteries are preliminarily crushed.

[0008] Furthermore, the second crushing assembly includes a third motor, a crushing roller and a gear. Two corresponding rotating holes are opened at the lower end of the U-shaped frame surface. Two corresponding crushing rollers are arranged inside the two rotating holes. Both crushing rollers are rotatably connected to the inside of the installation box. A gear is fixed to the rear end of the crushing roller. The two gears are meshed. A third motor is installed on the front side of the installation box. The output shaft of the third motor is fixed to the front end of the crushing roller on the left side. The input end of the third motor is electrically connected to the output end of the external PLC controller. By setting the second crushing assembly, the waste lithium batteries are crushed for the second time.

[0009] Furthermore, the separation component includes a storage frame, a blocking mesh plate, a mounting frame and an air blowing fan. The storage frame is fixed to the lower side of the left limiting plate, a blocking mesh plate is hinged on the left side inside the storage frame, and the mounting frame is fixed to the lower side of the right limiting plate. The mounting frame corresponds to the storage frame, and an air blowing fan is installed inside the mounting frame. The input end of the air blowing fan is electrically connected to the output end of an external PLC controller. The plastic film in the waste lithium battery fragments is removed by setting the separation component.

[0010] Furthermore, the screening assembly includes a fixed frame, a guide rod, a limit plate, a spring, a second filter screen and a slide bar. A fixed frame is provided inside the installation box, and the fixed frame is located below the installation frame. Two corresponding guide holes are provided on the right side of the fixed frame, and the guide holes are slidably connected to the guide rods. The left end of the guide rod is fixed with a limit plate, and the two guide rods are fixed to the right side of the installation box. A spring is sleeved on the circumferential surface of the guide rod, one end of the spring is fixed to the right side of the installation box, and the other end of the spring is fixed to the right side of the fixed frame. A second filter screen is fixed on the left side of the fixed frame, and a slide bar is fixed on the left side of the second filter screen, and the slide bar is placed on the upper side of the aggregate box. By setting the screening assembly, the electrolyte in the waste lithium battery can be screened, and the crushed waste lithium battery fragments can be screened.

[0011] Furthermore, the extrusion assembly includes a fourth motor, a cam and a mounting plate. The mounting plate is fixed to the right side of the mounting box, the fourth motor is installed on the upper side of the mounting plate, the cam is fixed on the output shaft of the fourth motor, the cam is fitted with the right side of the fixed frame, the input end of the fourth motor is electrically connected to the output end of the external PLC controller, and the fixed frame is driven to move left and right by setting the extrusion assembly.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a storage component, which includes a storage box, a first filter screen, a drain pipe and a storage tank. An opening is provided at the lower end of the right side of the installation box, and the storage box is slidably connected to the inside of the opening. The first filter screen is fixed to the inside of the storage box, and a drain pipe is fixed to the inside of the discharge port provided at the lower end of the right side of the storage box. A storage tank is provided at the right end of the upper side of the base, and the drain pipe and the storage tank correspond to each other. By providing the storage component, the crushed waste lithium battery fragments and electrolyte are classified and stored.

[0013] Furthermore, a temperature sensor is installed on the right side of the installation box, and evenly distributed electric heating tubes are installed inside the installation box. The input end of the electric heating tube is electrically connected to the output end of the external PLC controller. The temperature sensor is electrically connected to the external PLC controller in both directions, and the interior of the installation box is heated by setting the electric heating tube.

[0014] The metal separation method for recycling waste lithium battery core electrodes comprises the following steps: S1: First, the discharged waste lithium batteries are placed on the top of the belt conveyor, and then the belt conveyor is started to convey the waste lithium batteries to the top of the guide plate. The waste lithium batteries moved to the top of the guide plate will move along the guide plate to the right end of the upper side of the guide plate; S2: When the waste lithium battery moves to the right end of the upper side of the guide plate, the second motor is started to rotate the turntable, and the rotation of the turntable drives all the crushing bars to move along all the bar-shaped grooves. During the movement of all the crushing bars, the waste lithium battery moved to the right end of the upper side of the guide plate can be initially crushed; S3: The waste lithium battery after the initial crushing moves downward between the two crushing rollers, and the third motor is started to rotate the two crushing rollers. The two crushing rollers rotate to perform secondary crushing on the waste lithium battery after the initial crushing. The waste lithium battery after the secondary crushing moves downward to the top of the second filter plate, and then flows to the left along the second filter plate into the inside of the aggregate tank. In this process, the electrolyte in the waste lithium battery will pass through the second filter plate and the first filter plate and enter the lower side of the storage box for storage; S4: The waste lithium battery fragments entering the collecting tank will enter the fixed barrel along the discharge pipe. At this time, the first motor is started to rotate the spiral feeding rod to inject the waste lithium battery fragments with the electrolyte removed through the discharge pipe to the top of the belt conveyor, and then the fragments are re-injected into the right end of the upper side of the guide plate through the belt conveyor; S5: After the waste lithium battery fragments with the electrolyte removed move to the right end of the upper side of the guide plate, all the electric heating tubes are started to increase the temperature inside the installation box to dry the residual electrolyte in the waste lithium battery fragments. The dried waste lithium battery fragments are crushed again downward by all the crushing bars and two crushing rollers; S6: The waste lithium battery fragments after being crushed again move downward between the installation frame and the storage frame, and the blowing fan is started at this time to blow the lighter plastic film in the waste lithium battery fragments into the interior of the storage frame, and the waste lithium battery fragments without the plastic film continue to fall downward again onto the second filter screen plate, and the fourth motor is started at this time to rotate the cam. During the rotation of the cam, when its raised part contacts the fixing frame, it squeezes the fixing frame to move to the left, and when the raised part of the cam is away from the fixing frame, the fixing frame will return to its original position under the action of two springs, and the continuous rotation of the cam will cause the fixing frame to reciprocate left and right, so that the second filter screen plate will reciprocate left and right to screen the waste lithium battery fragments, and the qualified waste lithium battery fragments after screening move downward to the top of the first filter screen plate, and the unqualified waste lithium battery fragments are re-injected into the interior of the U-shaped frame through the feeding assembly to the left to be crushed again, until all the waste lithium battery fragments are qualified and the crushing is completed; S7: After the crushing is completed, the storage box is pulled out, and after being pulled out, the waste lithium battery fragments located above the first filter plate are injected into the pyrolysis furnace for high-temperature pyrolysis to decompose the organic binder to obtain a completely pyrolyzed positive electrode sheet, and after further crushing, a positive electrode sheet mixture material of spherical and uniformly sized aluminum foil particles and positive electrode active powder is obtained.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the crushing device and metal separation method for recycling waste lithium battery core pole pieces have the following advantages: 1. The electrolyte in the crushed waste battery is screened by setting a second filter screen plate. At the same time, after crushing, the rotating assembly can be started to make the fixed frame reciprocate left and right, so that the second filter screen plate reciprocates left and right. In this case, the crushed waste lithium battery fragments can be screened; 2. By setting up a feeding component, after the crushed waste lithium battery fragments are screened, the unqualified waste lithium battery fragments can be re-entered into the first crushing component and the second crushing component through the feeding component for crushing again until they are completely crushed, which can facilitate subsequent operations.

[0016] 3. By setting up a separation component, after the waste lithium battery fragments are crushed, the air blowing fan can be started when the waste lithium battery fragments move downward between the installation frame and the storage frame. After the air blowing fan is started, the lighter plastic film in the waste lithium battery fragments is blown into the interior of the storage frame, so that the plastic film in the waste lithium battery fragments can be removed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the present invention; Figure 2 A front sectional view of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the flow guide assembly of the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the feeding assembly of the present invention; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first crushing assembly of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second crushing component of the present invention.

[0018] In the figure: 1 installation box, 2 storage assembly, 21 storage box, 22 first filter screen plate, 23 drain pipe, 24 storage tank, 3 feeding assembly, 31 collection box, 32 collection tank, 33 discharge pipe, 34 fixed barrel, 35 first motor, 36 spiral feeding rod, 37 discharge pipe, 4 guide assembly, 41 U-shaped frame, 42 guide plate, 43 strip groove, 44 baffle, 45 impact bar, 46 limit plate, 5 first crushing assembly, 51 turntable, 52 crushing bar, 53 second motor, 6 second crushing assembly, 61 third motor, 62 crushing roller, 63 gear, 7 separation assembly, 71 storage frame, 72 blocking mesh plate, 73 installation frame, 74 air blowing fan, 8 screening assembly, 81 fixed frame, 82 guide rod, 83 limit plate, 84 spring, 85 second filter mesh plate, 86 slide bar, 9 extrusion assembly, 91 fourth motor, 92 cam, 93 installation plate, 10 fixed frame, 11 belt conveyor, 12 base, 13 temperature sensor, 14 electric heating tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] See also Figure 1-6 , This embodiment provides a technical solution: a crushing device for recycling waste lithium battery cell pole pieces, including an installation box 1 and a feeding assembly 3; Installation box 1: A base 12 is fixed on the lower side, a fixed frame 10 is fixed on the left end of the upper side of the installation box 1, a belt conveyor 11 is installed inside the fixed frame 10, a guide assembly 4, a second crushing assembly 6, a separation assembly 7 and a screening assembly 8 are installed in the installation box 1 from top to bottom, an extrusion assembly 9 is installed on the right side of the installation box 1, and the extrusion assembly 9 is fitted with the right side of the screening assembly 8, a first crushing assembly 5 is installed inside the installation box 1, and the first crushing assembly 5 is located inside the guide assembly 4, the guide assembly 4 includes a U-shaped frame 41, a guide plate 42, a strip groove 43, a baffle 44, an impact bar 45 and a limit plate 46, a U-shaped frame 41 is fixed on the upper side of the installation box 1, and a guide plate 42 is fixed on the upper side of the U-shaped frame 41, The right end of the upper side of the guide plate 42 is provided with evenly distributed strip grooves 43, the right end of the upper side of the U-shaped frame 41 is fixed with a baffle 44, the right side of the inside of the U-shaped frame 41 is fixed with evenly distributed impact strips 45, and the lower side of the U-shaped frame 41 is fixed with two corresponding limit plates 46. The first crushing assembly 5 includes a turntable 51, a crushing strip 52 and a second motor 53. The inside of the installation box 1 is rotatably connected with the turntable 51, the turntable 51 is located inside the U-shaped frame 41 and below the guide plate 42, and evenly distributed crushing strips 52 are fixed on the circumferential surface of the turntable 51. All the crushing strips 52 correspond to all the strip grooves 43 respectively. A second motor 53 is installed on the front side of the installation box 1, and the output shaft of the second motor 53 is fixed to the front end of the turntable 51. The input end of the machine 53 is electrically connected to the output end of the external PLC controller. The second crushing component 6 includes a third motor 61, a crushing roller 62 and a gear 63. The lower end of the surface of the U-shaped frame 41 is provided with two corresponding rotating holes. Two corresponding crushing rollers 62 are arranged inside the two rotating holes. The two crushing rollers 62 are both rotatably connected to the inside of the installation box 1. A gear 63 is fixed to the rear end of the crushing roller 62. The two gears 63 are meshed with each other. The front side of the installation box 1 is installed with a third motor 61. The output shaft of the third motor 61 is fixed to the front end of the crushing roller 62 on the left side. The input end of the third motor 61 is electrically connected to the output end of the external PLC controller. The separation component 7 includes a storage frame 71, a blocking mesh plate 72, a mounting frame 73 and an air blowing fan 74. A storage frame 71 is fixed to the lower side of the limiting plate 46, and a blocking mesh plate 72 is hinged on the left side of the storage frame 71. A mounting frame 73 is fixed to the lower side of the right limiting plate 46, and the mounting frame 73 corresponds to the storage frame 71. An air blowing fan 74 is installed inside the mounting frame 73, and the input end of the air blowing fan 74 is electrically connected to the output end of the external PLC controller. The screening component 8 includes a fixed frame 81, a guide rod 82, a limiting plate 83, a spring 84, a second filter mesh plate 85 and a slide bar 86. A fixed frame 81 is arranged inside the installation box 1, and the fixed frame 81 is located below the mounting frame 73. Two corresponding guide holes are provided on the right side of the fixed frame 81, and the guide rod 82 is slidably connected inside the guide hole. The left end of the guide rod 82 is fixed with a limiting plate 83.The two guide rods 82 are fixed to the right side of the installation box 1, and a spring 84 is sleeved on the circumferential surface of the guide rod 82. One end of the spring 84 is fixed to the right side of the installation box 1, and the other end of the spring 84 is fixed to the right side of the fixing frame 81. A second filter screen plate 85 is fixed to the left side of the fixing frame 81, and a slide bar 86 is fixed to the left side of the second filter screen plate 85. The slide bar 86 is placed on the upper side of the aggregate box 31. The extrusion assembly 9 includes a fourth motor 91, a cam 92 and a mounting plate 93. A mounting plate 93 is fixed to the right side of the installation box 1, and a fourth motor 91 is installed on the upper side of the mounting plate 93. A cam 92 is fixed to the output shaft of the fourth motor 91, and the cam 92 is fixed to the fixing frame 81. 1 is fitted with the right side of the base 1, the input end of the fourth motor 91 is electrically connected to the output end of the external PLC controller, and also includes a storage component 2, the storage component 2 includes a storage box 21, a first filter screen plate 22, a drain pipe 23 and a storage tank 24, an opening is opened at the lower end of the right side of the installation box 1, the storage box 21 is slidably connected inside the opening, the first filter screen plate 22 is fixed inside the storage box 21, the drain pipe 23 is fixed inside the discharge port set at the lower right end of the storage box 21, a storage tank 24 is opened at the right end of the upper side of the base 12, the drain pipe 23 and the storage tank 24 correspond to each other, and the broken waste lithium battery fragments and electrolyte are classified and stored by setting the storage component 2;, The squeezing component 9 is provided to drive the fixing frame 81 to move left and right, the screening component is provided to screen the electrolyte in the waste lithium battery, and the crushed waste lithium battery fragments can be screened at the same time, the separation component 7 is provided to remove the plastic film in the waste lithium battery fragments, the second crushing component 6 is provided to perform secondary crushing on the waste lithium battery, the first crushing component 5 is provided to perform preliminary crushing on the waste lithium battery, and the diversion component 4 is provided to store the waste lithium battery; The feeding assembly 3 includes a material collecting box 31, a material collecting trough 32, a discharge pipe 33, a fixed barrel 34, a first motor 35, a spiral feeding rod 36 and a discharge pipe 37. The material collecting box 31 is fixed to the left end of the upper side of the base 12. The material collecting trough 32 is arranged inside the material collecting box 31. The discharge pipe 33 is fixed inside the discharge port arranged at the lower end of the front side of the material collecting box 31. The front end of the discharge pipe 33 is fixed to the fixed barrel 34. The discharge pipe 34 is communicated with the inner cavity of the fixed barrel 34. The fixed barrel 34 is fixed. On the upper side of the base 1, a first motor 35 is installed at the upper end of the fixed barrel 34, and a spiral feeding rod 36 is rotatably connected inside the fixed barrel 34. The output shaft of the first motor 35 is fixed to the upper end of the spiral feeding rod 36. A discharge pipe 37 is fixed inside the discharge port provided at the upper end of the circumferential surface of the fixed barrel 34. The lower end of the discharge pipe 37 is located above the belt conveyor 11. By providing the feeding assembly 3, the crushed waste lithium battery fragments are re-conveyed to the upper part of the belt conveyor 11; Wherein: the input ends of the first motor 35 and the belt conveyor 11 are both electrically connected to the output end of the external PLC controller.

[0021] Among them: a temperature sensor 13 is installed on the right side inside the installation box 1, and evenly distributed electric heating tubes 14 are installed inside the installation box 1. The input end of the electric heating tube 14 is electrically connected to the output end of the external PLC controller. The temperature sensor 13 is bidirectionally electrically connected to the external PLC controller. The interior of the installation box 1 is heated by setting the electric heating tube 14.

[0022] The metal separation method for recycling waste lithium battery core electrodes comprises the following steps: S1: First, the discharged waste lithium batteries are placed above the belt conveyor 11, and then the belt conveyor 11 is started to convey the waste lithium batteries to the top of the guide plate 42. The waste lithium batteries moved to the top of the guide plate 42 will move along the guide plate 42 to the right end of the upper side of the guide plate 42; S2: When the waste lithium battery moves to the right end of the upper side of the guide plate 42, the second motor 53 is started to rotate the turntable 51, and the rotation of the turntable 51 drives all the crushing bars 52 to move along all the strip grooves 43. During the movement of all the crushing bars 52, the waste lithium battery moved to the right end of the upper side of the guide plate 42 can be initially crushed; S3: The waste lithium battery after the initial crushing moves downward between the two crushing rollers 61, and the third motor 63 is started to rotate the two crushing rollers 61. The two crushing rollers 61 rotate to perform secondary crushing on the waste lithium battery after the initial crushing. The waste lithium battery after the secondary crushing moves downward to the top of the second filter screen plate 85, and then flows to the left along the second filter screen plate 85 into the inside of the collecting tank 32. In this process, the electrolyte in the waste lithium battery will pass through the second filter screen plate 85 and the first filter screen plate 22 and enter the lower side of the storage box 21 for storage; S4: The waste lithium battery fragments entering the collecting tank 32 will enter the fixed barrel 34 along the discharge pipe 33. At this time, the first motor 35 is started to rotate the spiral feeding rod 36 to inject the waste lithium battery fragments with the electrolyte removed into the upper part of the belt conveyor 11 through the discharge pipe 37, and then the fragments are re-injected into the right end of the upper side of the guide plate 42 through the belt conveyor 11; S5: After the waste lithium battery fragments with the electrolyte removed move to the right end of the upper side of the guide plate 42, all the electric heating tubes 14 are started to increase the temperature inside the installation box 1, and the electrolyte remaining in the waste lithium battery fragments is dried. The dried waste lithium battery fragments are crushed again by all the crushing bars 52 and the two crushing rollers 62 downward; S6: The waste lithium battery fragments after being crushed again move downward between the installation frame 73 and the storage frame 71. At this time, the blowing fan 74 is started to blow the lighter plastic film in the waste lithium battery fragments to the inside of the storage frame 71. The waste lithium battery fragments without the plastic film continue to fall downward again onto the second filter plate 85. At this time, the fourth motor 91 is started to rotate the cam 92. During the rotation of the cam 92, when its raised part contacts the fixing frame 81, it squeezes the fixing frame 81 to move to the left. When the raised part of the cam 92 is away from the fixing frame 81, the fixing frame 81 is pressed to move to the left. The fixing frame 81 will return to its original position under the action of the two springs 84, and the continuous rotation of the cam 92 will make the fixing frame 81 reciprocate left and right, so that the second filter plate 85 will reciprocate left and right to screen the waste lithium battery fragments. After screening, the qualified waste lithium battery fragments move downward to the top of the first filter plate 22, and the unqualified waste lithium battery fragments are re-injected into the inside of the U-shaped frame 41 through the feeding assembly 3 to the left to be crushed again, until all the waste lithium battery fragments are qualified and the crushing is completed; S7: After the crushing is completed, the storage box 21 is pulled out, and after being pulled out, the waste lithium battery fragments located above the first filter plate 22 are injected into the pyrolysis furnace for high-temperature pyrolysis to decompose the organic binder to obtain a completely pyrolyzed positive electrode sheet, and after further crushing, a positive electrode sheet mixture material of spherical and uniformly sized aluminum foil particles and positive electrode active powder is obtained.

[0023] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A crushing device for recycling waste lithium battery core electrodes, characterized by: It comprises an installation box (1) and a loading assembly (3); An installation box (1): a base (12) is fixed on the lower side, a fixed frame (10) is fixed on the left end of the upper side of the installation box (1), a belt conveyor (11) is installed inside the fixed frame (10), a flow guide assembly (4), a second crushing assembly (6), a separation assembly (7) and a screening assembly (8) are installed in sequence from top to bottom inside the installation box (1), an extrusion assembly (9) is installed on the right side inside the installation box (1), the extrusion assembly (9) is in contact with the right side of the screening assembly (8), a first crushing assembly (5) is installed inside the installation box (1), and the first crushing assembly (5) is located inside the flow guide assembly (4); A feeding assembly (3): comprising a material collection box (31), a material collection trough (32), a discharge pipe (33), a fixed barrel (34), a first motor (35), a spiral feeding rod (36) and a discharge pipe (37), wherein the material collection box (31) is fixed at the left end of the upper side of the base (12), the material collection trough (32) is arranged inside the material collection box (31), the discharge pipe (33) is fixed inside the discharge port arranged at the lower end of the front side of the material collection box (31), the front end of the discharge pipe (33) is fixed with a fixed barrel (34), and the discharge pipe (34) is connected to the fixed barrel (34). The inner cavities of the fixed barrel (34) are in communication, the fixed barrel (34) is fixed on the upper side of the base (1), the first motor (35) is installed on the upper end of the fixed barrel (34), the interior of the fixed barrel (34) is rotatably connected to a spiral loading rod (36), the output shaft of the first motor (35) is fixed to the upper end of the spiral loading rod (36), a discharge pipe (37) is fixed inside a discharge port provided at the upper end of the circumferential surface of the fixed barrel (34), and the lower end of the discharge pipe (37) is located above the belt conveyor (11); Wherein: the input ends of the first motor (35) and the belt conveyor (11) are both electrically connected to the output end of an external PLC controller.

2. The crushing device for recycling waste lithium battery core pole pieces according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The guide assembly (4) comprises a U-shaped frame (41), a guide plate (42), a strip groove (43), a baffle (44), an impact strip (45) and a limit plate (46); the U-shaped frame (41) is fixed to the upper side of the interior of the installation box (1); the guide plate (42) is fixed to the upper side of the interior of the U-shaped frame (41); the right end of the upper side of the guide plate (42) is provided with evenly distributed strip grooves (43); the baffle (44) is fixed to the right end of the upper side of the U-shaped frame (41); the right side of the interior of the U-shaped frame (41) is fixed with evenly distributed impact strips (45); and the lower side of the U-shaped frame (41) is fixed with two corresponding limit plates (46).

3. The crushing device for recycling waste lithium battery core pole pieces according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The first crushing assembly (5) comprises a rotating disk (51), crushing bars (52) and a second motor (53); the rotating disk (51) is rotatably connected inside the installation box (1); the rotating disk (51) is located inside the U-shaped frame (41) and below the guide plate (42); evenly distributed crushing bars (52) are fixed on the circumferential surface of the rotating disk (51); all crushing bars (52) correspond to all bar-shaped grooves (43); a second motor (53) is installed on the front side of the installation box (1); an output shaft of the second motor (53) is fixed to the front end of the rotating disk (51); and an input end of the second motor (53) is electrically connected to an output end of an external PLC controller.

4. The crushing device for recycling waste lithium battery core pole pieces according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The second crushing assembly (6) comprises a third motor (61), a crushing roller (62) and a gear (63). Two corresponding rotating holes are provided at the lower end of the surface of the U-shaped frame (41). Two corresponding crushing rollers (62) are arranged inside the two rotating holes. The two crushing rollers (62) are both rotatably connected to the inside of the installation box (1). A gear (63) is fixed to the rear end of the crushing roller (62). The two gears (63) are meshed with each other. A third motor (61) is installed on the front side of the installation box (1). The output shaft of the third motor (61) is fixed to the front end of the crushing roller (62) on the left side. The input end of the third motor (61) is electrically connected to the output end of an external PLC controller.

5. The crushing device for recycling waste lithium battery core pole pieces according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The separation component (7) comprises a storage frame (71), a blocking mesh plate (72), a mounting frame (73) and an air blowing fan (74); the storage frame (71) is fixed to the lower side of the left-side limiting plate (46); the left side of the storage frame (71) is hingedly connected to the blocking mesh plate (72); the mounting frame (73) is fixed to the lower side of the right-side limiting plate (46); the mounting frame (73) corresponds to the storage frame (71); the air blowing fan (74) is mounted inside the mounting frame (73); the input end of the air blowing fan (74) is electrically connected to the output end of an external PLC controller.

6. The crushing device for recycling waste lithium battery core pole pieces according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The screening assembly (8) comprises a fixing frame (81), a guide rod (82), a limiting plate (83), a spring (84), a second filter screen plate (85) and a slide bar (86). The fixing frame (81) is arranged inside the installation box (1). The fixing frame (81) is located below the installation frame (73). Two corresponding guide holes are provided on the right side of the fixing frame (81). The guide rod (82) is slidably connected inside the guide hole. The limiting plate (83) is fixed to the left end of the guide rod (82). The two guide rods (82) are both fixed to the right side of the installation box (1); a spring (84) is sleeved on the circumferential surface of the guide rod (82); one end of the spring (84) is fixed to the right side of the installation box (1); the other end of the spring (84) is fixed to the right side of the fixing frame (81); a second filter screen plate (85) is fixed to the left side of the fixing frame (81); a slide bar (86) is fixed to the left side of the second filter screen plate (85); and the slide bar (86) is placed on the upper side of the aggregate box (31).

7. The crushing device for recycling waste lithium battery core pole pieces according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The extrusion assembly (9) comprises a fourth motor (91), a cam (92) and a mounting plate (93); the mounting plate (93) is fixed to the right side of the inside of the mounting box (1); the fourth motor (91) is mounted on the upper side of the mounting plate (93); the cam (92) is fixed on the output shaft of the fourth motor (91); the cam (92) is in contact with the right side of the fixing frame (81); and the input end of the fourth motor (91) is electrically connected to the output end of an external PLC controller.

8. The crushing device for recycling waste lithium battery core pole pieces according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The invention also comprises a storage assembly (2), the storage assembly (2) comprising a storage box (21), a first filter screen plate (22), a drain pipe (23) and a storage tank (24); an opening is provided at the lower end of the right side of the installation box (1); the storage box (21) is slidably connected to the interior of the opening; the first filter screen plate (22) is fixed to the interior of the storage box (21); the drain pipe (23) is fixed to the interior of a discharge port provided at the lower end of the right side of the storage box (21); a storage tank (24) is provided at the right end of the upper side of the base (12); the drain pipe (23) and the storage tank (24) correspond to each other.

9. The crushing device for recycling waste lithium battery core pole pieces according to claim 1, characterized in that: A temperature sensor (13) is installed on the right side of the installation box (1), and evenly distributed electric heating tubes (14) are installed inside the installation box (1), the input end of the electric heating tube (14) is electrically connected to the output end of an external PLC controller, and the temperature sensor (13) is bidirectionally electrically connected to the external PLC controller.

10. A metal separation method for recycling waste lithium battery core pole pieces, applied to a crushing device for recycling waste lithium battery core pole pieces as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: firstly, the discharged waste lithium batteries are placed on the top of the belt conveyor (11), and then the belt conveyor (11) is started to convey the waste lithium batteries to the top of the guide plate (42), and the waste lithium batteries moved to the top of the guide plate (42) will move along the guide plate (42) to the right end of the upper side of the guide plate (42); S2: After the waste lithium battery moves to the right end of the upper side of the guide plate (42), the second motor (53) is started to rotate the turntable (51), and the rotation of the turntable (51) drives all the crushing bars (52) to move along all the strip grooves (43). During the movement of all the crushing bars (52), the waste lithium battery moved to the right end of the upper side of the guide plate (42) can be initially crushed; S3: the waste lithium battery after the initial crushing moves downward to between the two crushing rollers (61), and the third motor (63) is started to rotate the two crushing rollers (61). The two crushing rollers (61) rotate to perform secondary crushing on the waste lithium battery after the initial crushing. The waste lithium battery after the secondary crushing moves downward to above the second filter screen plate (85), and then flows to the left along the second filter screen plate (85) into the inside of the collecting tank (32). During this process, the electrolyte in the waste lithium battery passes through the second filter screen plate (85) and the first filter screen plate (22) and enters the lower side of the storage box (21) for storage; S4: The waste lithium battery fragments that have entered the collecting trough (32) will enter the fixed barrel (34) along the discharge pipe (33). At this time, the first motor (35) is started to rotate the spiral feeding rod (36) to inject the waste lithium battery fragments from which the electrolyte has been removed through the discharge pipe (37) to the top of the belt conveyor (11), and then the fragments are injected into the right end of the upper side of the guide plate (42) through the belt conveyor (11); S5: After the waste lithium battery fragments from which the electrolyte has been removed move to the right end of the upper side of the guide plate (42), all the electric heating tubes (14) are started to increase the temperature inside the installation box (1) so as to dry the electrolyte remaining in the waste lithium battery fragments. The dried waste lithium battery fragments are crushed again downward by all the crushing bars (52) and the two crushing rollers (62); S6: The waste lithium battery fragments that have been crushed again move downward to between the installation frame (73) and the storage frame (71). At this time, the blowing fan (74) is started to blow the plastic film with a lighter weight in the waste lithium battery fragments into the interior of the storage frame (71). The waste lithium battery fragments without the plastic film continue to fall downward again onto the second filter plate (85). At this time, the fourth motor (91) is started to rotate the cam (92). During the rotation of the cam (92), when the raised portion of the cam (92) contacts the fixing frame (81), the fixing frame (81) is pressed to move to the left. When the raised portion of the cam (92) is away from the fixing frame (81), the fixing frame (81) is pressed to move to the left. When the cam (81) is rotated, the fixing frame (81) will return to its original position under the action of the two springs (84), and the cam (92) will continue to rotate to make the fixing frame (81) reciprocate left and right, thereby making the second filter screen (85) reciprocate left and right to screen the waste lithium battery fragments. After screening, the qualified waste lithium battery fragments move downward to the top of the first filter screen (22), while the unqualified waste lithium battery fragments are re-injected to the left through the feeding assembly (3) into the interior of the U-shaped frame (41) to be crushed again, until all the waste lithium battery fragments are qualified and the crushing is completed; S7: After the crushing is completed, the storage box (21) is pulled out, and after the extraction, the waste lithium battery fragments located above the first filter plate (22) are injected into the pyrolysis furnace for high-temperature pyrolysis, so that the organic binder is decomposed to obtain a completely pyrolyzed positive electrode sheet, and after further crushing, a positive electrode sheet mixture material of spherical aluminum foil particles and positive electrode active powder with uniform particle size is obtained.

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