Tool clamp and method for gear hobbing machine to machine splines at ends of square shafts

Abstract

The invention relates to a tool clamp and method for a gear hobbing machine to machine splines at the ends of square shafts, and belongs to the technical field of machining of splines at the ends of the square shafts. According to the technical scheme, a positioning seat is arranged on the upper surface of a base, a horizontally-arranged fixing square groove is formed in the top of the positioning seat, the width of the fixing square groove is matched with the width of the front face of a square shaft to be machined, and the center of the fixing square groove and the center of a first tip are located on the same vertical line; a positioning ruler is arranged above the positioning seat and located between the square shaft and the clamping arm, a positioning square groove is formed in one side of the positioning ruler, and the width of the positioning square groove is matched with the width of the back face of the square shaft to be machined. The position of the square shaft is fixed through the tool clamp, it is ensured that the front face of the square shaft is aligned with a machine tool of a gear hobbing machine, it is ensured that starting points of machining are the same each time, and the tooth crest center line of circular shaft splines at the two ends of the square shaft is aligned with the front face center line of the square shaft or the tooth root center line of circular shafts at the two ends of the square shaft is aligned with the side face center line of the square shaft; the requirement that the square shaft end machining spline datum plane does not deviate is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a tooling fixture and a method for machining a spline at the end of a square shaft by a gear hobbing machine, belonging to the technical field of machining splines at the end of a square shaft. Background Art

[0002] Fixtures are commonly used auxiliary tools in mechanical processing, and their main function is to position and fix parts. Gear hobbing machines are the most widely used type of gear processing machines. Machine cutters (hobs) can be used to process straight teeth, helical teeth and herringbone teeth according to the development method. Machine cutters (hobs) can also be used to process workpieces with various special tooth shapes such as splines and sprockets. When the square shaft is processed by the gear hobbing machine, the upper and lower tips of the gear hobbing machine are required to support the tapered holes at both ends of the square shaft to position and fix the square shaft. When the machine cutter of the gear hobbing machine processes the external spline at the end of the square shaft, the center of the involute root circle of the spline is required to be aligned with the center of the square shaft, and the center line of the spline tooth top of the circular shaft at both ends of the square shaft is required to be aligned with the center line of the front face of the square shaft, or the center line of the root of the circular shaft at both ends of the square shaft is required to be aligned with the center line of the side face of the square shaft. In the prior art, there is no special fixture for processing the spline at the end of the square shaft for positioning. The only way to align it manually is to place the upper and lower tops on the top of the tapered hole of the square shaft, align the front of the square shaft with the cutter of the gear hobbing machine, and manually measure and align it. It takes a long time and cannot ensure that the starting point of the processing is the same. There is a possibility of offset when the square shaft reference surface is installed. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a jig and method for machining the splines at the end of a square shaft by a gear hobbing machine. The position of the square shaft is fixed by the jig to ensure that the front of the square shaft is aligned with the machine cutter of the gear hobbing machine, to ensure that the starting point of each machining is the same, to achieve alignment of the center line of the spline tooth tops of the circular shafts at both ends of the square shaft with the center line of the front face of the square shaft, or to achieve alignment of the center line of the root of the circular shafts at both ends of the square shaft with the center line of the side face of the square shaft, to meet the requirement that the reference surface of the spline machining at the end of the square shaft is not offset, and to solve the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A tooling fixture for machining the spline at the end of a square shaft by a gear hobbing machine, wherein a first center is provided on the clamping arm of the gear hobbing machine, a groove is provided at the center of the base of the gear hobbing machine, a second center is provided at the bottom of the groove, a positioning seat is provided on the upper surface of the base, a horizontally arranged fixed square groove is provided on the top of the positioning seat, the groove width of the fixed square groove matches the front width of the square shaft to be machined, and the center of the fixed square groove and the center of the first center are located on the same vertical line; a positioning ruler is provided above the positioning seat, the positioning ruler is located between the square shaft and the clamping arm, a positioning square groove is provided on one side of the positioning ruler, the groove width of the positioning square groove matches the back width of the square shaft to be machined, the other side of the positioning ruler is a straight line, the straight line is parallel to the bottom of the positioning square groove, the positioning square groove of the positioning ruler is clamped on the back of the square shaft, and the other side of the positioning ruler is pressed against the clamping arm and keeps the positioning ruler perpendicular to the center line of the square shaft.

[0005] Furthermore, the groove of the base is a circular groove, the second top is located at the center of the circular groove, and a boss is provided at the bottom of the groove around the second top.

[0006] Furthermore, a spring is provided at the bottom of the second top point, and the second top point can be retracted.

[0007] Furthermore, two ends of the square shaft are provided with a first positioning hole and a second positioning hole, respectively matching with the first center and the second center.

[0008] Furthermore, a hole one is provided on the front side of the square shaft, and a hole two is provided on the side side, which are used to connect the square shaft with other components; the front side of the square shaft is placed in the fixed square groove of the positioning seat, and the hole one is opposite to the fixed square groove. The square shaft body fits with the fixed square groove to ensure the stability of the square shaft and ensure that the square shaft and the base rotate synchronously during processing.

[0009] Furthermore, the clamping arm includes a column, the clamping arm can move up and down, the clamping arm is opposite to the machine tool of the gear hobbing machine, the positioning ruler is placed between the column and the square axis of the clamping arm and is perpendicular to the column, the positioning ruler is a regular quadrilateral plate with a hollow in the middle, and the positioning ruler frames on the left and right sides of the hollow serve as handles for easy holding.

[0010] Furthermore, the positioning seat includes a bottom plate and a vertical plate. The bottom plate is provided with a fixing hole and is fixed to the upper surface of the base by bolts and nuts. The vertical plate is fixed to the bottom plate and arranged vertically upward with the bottom plate. A horizontal plate is provided on the top of the vertical plate, the horizontal plate is arranged horizontally, and a positioning square groove is provided at the front end.

[0011] Furthermore, a rib plate is provided between the bottom plate and the vertical plate to improve the strength of the positioning seat.

[0012] Furthermore, the fixing holes are provided on the left and right sides of the bottom plate of the positioning seat, and the positioning seat is fixed on the base through bolts, nuts, positioning holes and the base.

[0013] Furthermore, a spline is processed on the top of the square shaft, and the first positioning hole and the second positioning hole at both ends of the square shaft are conical holes, and the first hole on the front side of the square shaft is higher than the second hole on the side side of the square shaft.

[0014] A method for machining the spline of a square shaft end with a gear hobbing machine adopts the above-mentioned tooling fixture, and comprises the following steps: during positioning operation, the bottom end of the square shaft is placed in the groove of the base, and the first and second tips are respectively pressed against the two ends of the square shaft; the middle shaft body of the square shaft is placed in the fixed square groove of the positioning seat, the front face of the square shaft faces the fixed square groove, and the front face of the shaft body of the square shaft matches the fixed square groove; a positioning ruler is placed between the clamping arm and the square shaft, the positioning square groove of the positioning ruler matches the back face of the shaft body of the square shaft, and the front face of the square shaft faces the machine cutter of the gear hobbing machine, and positioning is completed; after positioning is completed, the positioning ruler is removed, and the machine cutter of the gear hobbing machine completes the spline machining of the square shaft end.

[0015] Through positioning operations, it is ensured that the starting point remains unchanged during square shaft processing, that the center of the spline involute tooth root circle is aligned with the center of the square shaft during square shaft end processing, that after spline processing, the center line of the circular shaft spline tooth top at both ends of the square shaft is aligned with the center line of the square shaft front face, or that the center line of the circular shaft spline tooth root at both ends of the square shaft is aligned with the center line of the square shaft side face, and that the spline reference surface for processing the square shaft end is not offset.

[0016] The positive effects of the present invention are as follows: the position of the square shaft is fixed by a fixture to ensure that the front of the square shaft is aligned with the machine cutter of the gear hobbing machine, to ensure that the starting point of each processing is the same, to achieve alignment of the center line of the spline tooth tops of the circular shafts at both ends of the square shaft with the center line of the front face of the square shaft, or to achieve alignment of the center line of the root of the circular shafts at both ends of the square shaft with the center line of the side face of the square shaft, to meet the requirement that the spline reference surface for processing the end of the square shaft is not offset. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 A three-dimensional diagram of a clamping square shaft according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of a clamping square shaft according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A three-dimensional diagram of a positioning seat according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 A three-dimensional diagram of a positioning ruler according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the square axis of an embodiment of the present invention; In the figure: clamping arm 1, top 1 2, square shaft 3, positioning hole 1 31, spline 32, hole 1 33, hole 2 34, positioning hole 2 35, positioning ruler 4, positioning square groove 41, handle 42, positioning seat 5, fixed square groove 51, rib plate 52, fixing hole 53, bottom plate 54, vertical plate 55, horizontal plate 56, nut 6, base 7, top 2 8, groove 9, spring 10, column 11, boss 12, hollow 13. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The present invention is further described in detail through the following embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0019] Combined with Figure 1-5The present embodiment provides a tooling fixture for machining the spline at the end of a square shaft by a gear hobbing machine. A top 2 is provided on the clamping arm 1 of the gear hobbing machine, a groove 9 is provided in the center of the base 7 of the gear hobbing machine, and a top 2 8 is provided at the bottom of the groove 9. A positioning seat 5 is provided on the upper surface of the base 7, and a horizontally arranged fixed square groove 51 is provided on the top of the positioning seat 5. The groove width of the fixed square groove 51 matches the front width of the square shaft to be machined, and the center of the fixed square groove 51 and the center of the top 2 are located on the same vertical line; a positioning ruler 4 is provided above the positioning seat 5, and the positioning ruler 4 is located between the square shaft 3 and the clamping arm 1. A positioning square groove 41 is provided on one side of the positioning ruler 4, and the groove width of the positioning square groove 41 matches the back width of the square shaft 3 to be machined. The other side of the positioning ruler 4 is a straight line, which is parallel to the bottom of the positioning square groove 41. The positioning square groove 41 of the positioning ruler 4 is clamped on the back of the square shaft 3, and the other side of the positioning ruler 4 is close to the clamping arm 1 and keeps the positioning ruler 4 perpendicular to the center line of the square shaft 3.

[0020] Combined with Figure 2 The groove 9 of the base 7 is a circular groove, the second top 8 is located at the center of the circular groove, and a boss 12 is provided at the bottom of the groove around the second top 8.

[0021] Combined with Figure 2 A spring 10 is provided at the bottom of the top 2 8, and the top 2 8 can be retracted.

[0022] Combined with Figure 2 The clamping arm 1 includes a column 11, which can move up and down. The clamping arm is directly opposite to the machine tool of the gear hobbing machine. The positioning ruler 4 is placed between the column 11 of the clamping arm 1 and the square shaft 3 and is perpendicular to the column. Figure 4 The positioning ruler 4 is a regular quadrilateral plate with a hollow 13 in the middle, and the frames of the positioning ruler 4 on the left and right sides of the hollow 13 serve as handles 42 for easy holding.

[0023] Combined with Figure 3 The positioning seat 5 includes a bottom plate 54 and a vertical plate 55. The bottom plate 54 is provided with a fixing hole 53 and is fixed to the upper surface of the base 7 by bolts and nuts 6. The vertical plate 55 is fixed on the bottom plate 54 and arranged vertically upward with the bottom plate 54. A horizontal plate 56 is provided on the top of the vertical plate 55. The horizontal plate 56 is arranged horizontally and a fixed square groove 51 is provided at the front end.

[0024] Combined with Figure 3 A rib plate 52 is provided between the bottom plate 54 and the vertical plate 55 to improve the strength of the positioning seat.

[0025] Combined with Figure 5, the two ends of the square shaft 3 are respectively provided with a positioning hole 1 31 and a positioning hole 2 35, which are matched with the top 1 2 and the top 2 8 respectively; the front of the square shaft 3 is provided with a hole 1 33, and the side is provided with a hole 2 34, which are used to connect the square shaft with other components; the front of the square shaft 3 is placed in the fixed square groove 51 of the positioning seat 5, the hole 1 33 is opposite to the fixed square groove 51, and the front of the shaft body of the square shaft 3 is matched with the fixed square groove 51, so as to ensure the stability of the square shaft 3 and ensure that the square shaft 3 and the base 7 rotate synchronously during processing.

[0026] A method for machining the spline of the end of a square shaft by a gear hobbing machine adopts the above-mentioned tooling fixture, and comprises the following steps: during positioning operation, the bottom end of the square shaft 3 is placed in the groove 9 of the base 7, and the top 2 and the top 8 are respectively pressed against the two ends of the square shaft 3; the middle shaft body of the square shaft 3 is placed in the fixed square groove 51 of the positioning seat 5, the front side of the square shaft 3 faces the fixed square groove 51, and the front side of the shaft body of the square shaft 3 is matched with the fixed square groove 51; the positioning ruler 4 is placed between the clamping arm 1 and the square shaft 3, the positioning square groove 41 of the positioning ruler 4 is matched with the back side of the shaft body of the square shaft 3, and the front side of the square shaft 3 faces the machine tool of the gear hobbing machine to complete the positioning; after the positioning is completed, the positioning ruler 4 is removed, and the machine tool of the gear hobbing machine completes the processing of the spline 32 at the end of the square shaft 3.

[0027] In an embodiment, a method for machining a spline at the end of a square shaft with a gear hobbing machine comprises the following specific steps: During positioning, the bottom end of the square shaft 3 is placed in the groove 9 of the base 7, the top 2 8 is pressed against the second positioning hole 35 at the tail end of the square shaft 3, and the top 1 2 is pressed against the top positioning hole 1 31 of the square shaft 3. The top 1 2 is clamped by the clamping arm 1 of the gear hobbing machine and moves downward, and the square shaft 3 squeezes the top 2 8. Due to the action of the spring 10, the top 2 8 shrinks downward, and the square shaft 3 contacts the boss 12 at the bottom of the groove 9. Several bosses 12 are evenly arranged on the outside of the top 2 8 to increase the friction between the square shaft 3 and the groove 9. When the top 1 2 is pressed downward, the square shaft 3 presses the boss 12 at the bottom of the groove 9 to ensure that the center of the involute root circle of the spline 32 is aligned with the center of the square shaft 3 during processing; The middle shaft body of the square shaft 3 is placed in the fixed square groove 51 of the positioning seat 5, and the hole 33 on the front of the square shaft 3 faces the fixed square groove 51. The front of the shaft body of the square shaft 3 fits with the fixed square groove 51 to ensure the stability of the square shaft 3 and ensure that the square shaft 3 and the base 7 rotate synchronously during processing; Place the positioning ruler 4 between the clamping arm 1 and the square shaft 3, so that the positioning square groove 41 of the positioning ruler 4 fits with the back of the shaft body of the square shaft 3; Rotate the base 7 so that the other side of the positioning ruler 4 is clamped on the clamping arm 1 and is perpendicular to the center of the square shaft; the front of the square shaft 3 faces the machine tool of the gear hobbing machine to complete the positioning; After the positioning is completed, the positioning ruler 4 is removed, and the machine cutter of the gear hobbing machine completes the processing of the spline 32 at the end of the square shaft 3.

[0028] Through the positioning operation, it is ensured that the starting point of the square shaft 3 remains unchanged during processing, that the center of the involute root circle of the spline 32 is aligned with the center of the square shaft 3 during processing of the square shaft end, that after the spline 32 is processed, the center line of the tooth top of the circular shaft spline 32 at both ends of the square shaft 3 is aligned with the center line of the front face of the square shaft 3 or the center line of the tooth root of the circular shaft spline 32 at both ends of the square shaft 3 is aligned with the center line of the side face of the square shaft 3, and that the spline reference surface for processing the square shaft end is not offset.

[0029] The present invention has a reasonable design and a simple structure. The square shaft 3 is clamped by the positioning seat 5, and the square shaft 3 is fixed, so as to ensure the stability of the square shaft 3 during the processing, ensure that the square shaft 3 rotates with the base 7 during processing, and ensure that the center of the involute tooth root circle is aligned with the center of the square shaft 3 during processing. The angle of the square shaft 3 is determined by the positioning ruler 4, so as to ensure that the front of the square shaft 3 faces the machine cutter of the gear hobbing machine during processing, and ensure that the center line of the tooth top of the circular shaft spline 32 at both ends of the square shaft 3 is aligned with the center line of the front face of the square shaft or the center line of the circular shaft tooth root at both ends of the square shaft is aligned with the center line of the side face of the square shaft after processing, so as to avoid the problems of long time and easy error caused by manual operation, and meet the requirement that the reference surface of the spline processing at the end of the square shaft is not offset.

Claims

1. A tooling fixture for machining the spline at the end of a square shaft by a gear hobbing machine, wherein a first center (2) is provided on a clamping arm (1) of the gear hobbing machine, a groove (9) is provided at the center of a base (7) of the gear hobbing machine, and a second center (8) is provided at the bottom of the groove (9), characterized in that: A positioning seat (5) is arranged on the upper surface of the base (7), and a horizontally arranged fixed square groove (51) is arranged on the top of the positioning seat (5), the groove width of the fixed square groove (51) matches the front width of the square shaft to be processed, and the center of the fixed square groove (51) and the center of the top (2) are located on the same vertical line; a positioning ruler (4) is arranged above the positioning seat (5), the positioning ruler (4) is located between the square shaft (3) and the clamping arm (1), a positioning square groove (41) is arranged on one side of the positioning ruler (4), the groove width of the positioning square groove (41) matches the back width of the square shaft (3) to be processed, and the other side of the positioning ruler (4) is a straight line, which is parallel to the groove bottom of the positioning square groove (41), the positioning square groove (41) of the positioning ruler (4) is clamped on the back of the square shaft (3), and the other side of the positioning ruler (4) is close to the clamping arm (1) so that the positioning ruler (4) is kept perpendicular to the center line of the square shaft (3).

2. A fixture for machining the spline at the end of a square shaft by a gear hobbing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The groove (9) of the base (7) is a circular groove, the second top (8) is located at the center of the circular groove, and a boss (12) is provided at the bottom of the groove around the second top (8).

3. A fixture for machining the spline at the end of a square shaft by a gear hobbing machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A spring (10) is provided at the bottom of the second top point (8), and the second top point (8) is retractable.

4. A fixture for machining the spline at the end of a square shaft by a gear hobbing machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The clamping arm (1) comprises a column (11), the clamping arm (1) can move up and down, the clamping arm (1) is directly opposite to the machine tool of the gear hobbing machine, the positioning ruler (4) is placed between the column (11) and the square shaft (3) of the clamping arm (1) and is perpendicular to the column (11), the positioning ruler (4) is a regular quadrilateral plate and has a hollow (13) in the middle, and the frames of the positioning ruler (4) on the left and right sides of the hollow (13) serve as handles (42).

5. A fixture for machining the spline at the end of a square shaft by a gear hobbing machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The positioning seat (5) comprises a bottom plate (54) and a vertical plate (55). The bottom plate (54) is provided with a fixing hole (53) and is fixed to the upper surface of the base (7) by means of bolts and nuts (6). The vertical plate (55) is fixed to the bottom plate (54) and arranged vertically upward with the bottom plate (54). A horizontal plate (56) is provided on the top of the vertical plate (55). The horizontal plate (56) is arranged horizontally and has a fixed square groove (51) at the front end.

6. A fixture for machining the spline at the end of a square shaft by a gear hobbing machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: A rib plate (52) is provided between the bottom plate (54) and the vertical plate (55).

7. A fixture for machining the spline at the end of a square shaft by a gear hobbing machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The two ends of the square shaft (3) are respectively provided with a first positioning hole (31) and a second positioning hole (35), which are matched with the first top (2) and the second top (8) respectively; the front side of the square shaft (3) is provided with a first hole (33), and the side side is provided with a second hole (34).

8. A method for machining the spline at the end of a square shaft with a gear hobbing machine, characterized in that A tooling fixture for machining the spline at the end of a square shaft by a gear hobbing machine according to any one of claims 1 to 7 comprises the following steps: during positioning, the bottom end of the square shaft (3) is placed in the groove (9) of the base (7), and the first and second tips (2) and (8) are respectively pressed against the two ends of the square shaft (3); the middle shaft body of the square shaft (3) is placed in the fixed square groove (51) of the positioning seat (5), the front of the square shaft (3) faces the fixed square groove (51), and the front of the shaft body of the square shaft (3) is matched with the fixed square groove (51); a positioning ruler (4) is placed between the clamping arm (1) and the square shaft (3), the positioning square groove (41) of the positioning ruler (4) is matched with the back of the shaft body of the square shaft (3), and the front of the square shaft (3) faces the machine tool of the gear hobbing machine, thereby completing the positioning; after the positioning is completed, the positioning ruler (4) is removed, and the machine tool of the gear hobbing machine completes the machining of the spline (32) at the end of the square shaft (3).

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