Large oil press main cylinder structure and main cylinder guide sleeve replacement method

Abstract

The invention belongs to a main cylinder structure of a large oil press in the technical field of large oil presses, and further relates to a main cylinder guide sleeve replacement method of the main cylinder structure of the large oil press. The main cylinder body (1-11) falls to a working position, and the upper die device and the lower die device are dismantled; the main cylinder body (1-11) rises to the highest position and is locked, and a T-shaped screw (1-5) of a connecting block of the main cylinder body (1-11) and the lifting cylinder (1-4) is detached; the translation mechanism base (2-1) is hoisted into the central part of the oil press, the main cylinder (1-1) is unlocked, the lifting cylinder (1-4) falls back to the lowest position along with the main cylinder body 1-11, and the pump is stopped; the tool oil cylinder (3) ascends, and the main cylinder body (1-11) is jacked up; and the main cylinder body flange (1-13), the pressing sleeve (1-14), the seal (1-15) and the connecting block (1-2) of the main cylinder body (1-11) and the lifting cylinder (1-4) are dismantled. According to the method for replacing the guide sleeve of the main cylinder of the large oil press, the replacement efficiency of the guide sleeve of the main cylinder is improved when the guide sleeve of the main cylinder of the oil press is replaced, and damage to other parts in the replacement process of the guide sleeve of the main cylinder is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of large-scale hydraulic presses, and more specifically, relates to a main cylinder structure of a large-scale hydraulic press. The present invention also relates to a main cylinder guide sleeve replacement method of the main cylinder structure of a large-scale hydraulic press. Background Art

[0002] In the process of wheel production, a large hydraulic press is needed to press and shape the wheel blank. Therefore, the hydraulic press is a key equipment for wheel production. The existing large hydraulic press adopts a three-beam, double-side column + prestressed tie rod type. The upper beam, movable crossbeam, and lower beam of the three beams are coaxial from top to bottom, and the lower surface of the upper beam, the upper surface of the lower beam, and the side columns are connected by abutment. Four prestressed tie rods pass through the upper surface of the upper beam, the lower surface of the lower beam, and the side columns, and are screwed through the locking nuts that are connected by abutment with the upper surface of the upper beam and the lower surface of the lower beam. The movable crossbeam is responsible for the main cylinder body of the hydraulic press (hereinafter referred to as the main cylinder body). An upper die device is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the main cylinder body, and a lower die device is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the lower beam. The upper and lower parts of the main cylinder body are square flanges, and the middle part is cylindrical. The square flange is chamfered and inlaid with X sliders. The X slider is slidably connected to the working slide on the side column of the hydraulic press to play a guiding role. The main cylinder body is slidably connected to the main cylinder plunger fixedly installed in the center of the upper beam. Lifting cylinders are arranged on both sides of the upper flange of the main cylinder body. The lifting cylinder column The plug is screwed to the connecting blocks fixed on both sides of the upper flange of the main cylinder body through T-screws. The lifting cylinder body is fixed on the side column. The lifting cylinder is responsible for the return stroke of the movable crossbeam. When the hydraulic press is pressing, oil is supplied to the main cylinder body, and relative movement is generated with the main cylinder plunger fixed on the upper beam, driving the movable crossbeam downward, driving the upper mold device to descend to the set position, and the upper and lower mold devices are closed to complete the forming of the wheel blank. After the pressing is completed, the main cylinder body stops supplying oil, and the lifting cylinder is supplied with oil to drive the movable crossbeam to rise to the original zero position. After the hydraulic press has been working for a period of time, due to the wear of the X slider and the horizontality of the main cylinder body, relative friction occurs between the guide sleeve in the main cylinder body and the main cylinder plunger, causing wear of the main cylinder guide sleeve. When the wear reaches a certain amount, it will affect the service life of the seal of the main cylinder and even cause oil leakage in the main cylinder. The main cylinder guide sleeve needs to be replaced. The conventional replacement method is: the main cylinder body falls to the set position, the main cylinder body is supported, the pump is stopped, the main cylinder flange and the press sleeve are removed, the main cylinder seal is removed, the upper beam locking nut of the prestressed pull rod of the hydraulic press is removed, the upper beam and the main cylinder plunger are lifted out, the main cylinder flange press sleeve is lifted out, and the main cylinder guide sleeve is disassembled. Install each component in reverse order according to the above sequence, and start the pump. This method of lifting the upper beam and the main cylinder plunger requires a high lifting height, and the roof of the hydraulic press plant needs to be removed. The replacement efficiency is low, the workload is large, and the replacement cost is high, which affects the wheel production efficiency. In addition, this method of replacing the main cylinder guide sleeve will cause the well-ground matching surfaces between the upper beam and the side column, the upper beam and the main cylinder plunger of the hydraulic press to be damaged, and some load-bearing surfaces of the hydraulic press may be crushed and damaged, affecting the safe service life of the hydraulic press. In addition, the on-site removal of the guide sleeve by gas cutting is prone to damage the matching surface between the guide sleeve and the main cylinder body, affecting the service life of the main cylinder seal in the later stage.

[0003] There is a technology in the prior art named "A method for replacing the guide sleeve of a hydraulic cylinder forging a large press" and with a publication (announcement) number of "CN117680966A". This technology involves a method for replacing the guide sleeve of a hydraulic cylinder forging a large press. The method is to separate the hydraulic cylinder plunger and the cylinder body online according to the assembly characteristics of the hydraulic cylinder, and to disassemble and assemble the guide sleeve online. The specific method is as follows: Online separation of the plunger and the cylinder body before the return cylinder is removed: operate the return cylinder to descend, and the hydraulic cylinder plunger descends with the movable crossbeam to the minimum stroke of the return cylinder. At this time, place sleepers, gaskets, and jacks on the inner side of the column to support the movable crossbeam, remove the return cylinder, and place sleepers, gaskets, and jacks at the original position of the return cylinder to support the movable crossbeam; online separation of the plunger and the cylinder body after the return cylinder is removed: operate the hydraulic jack, and continuously remove the gaskets and sleepers until the distance between the hydraulic cylinder plunger and the cylinder body meets the working space for disassembly and assembly of the guide sleeve; online disassembly and installation of the guide sleeve. This method is efficient and convenient, and can greatly shorten the operation time and reduce the operation cost.

[0004] However, this technology does not involve the technical problems and technical solutions of the present application. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: in view of the deficiencies in the prior art, a method for replacing the main cylinder guide sleeve of a large hydraulic press is provided with simple steps, which includes disassembling the main cylinder body of the hydraulic press from top to bottom and reinstalling the main cylinder body from bottom to top along the pressing center line of the hydraulic press, thereby improving the replacement efficiency of the main cylinder guide sleeve, reducing the damage to other components caused by the main cylinder guide sleeve replacement process, and effectively standardizing the replacement of the main cylinder guide sleeve of the hydraulic press.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] The present invention is a method for replacing a guide sleeve of a main cylinder of a large hydraulic press. The replacement steps of the method for replacing a guide sleeve of a main cylinder of a large hydraulic press are as follows:

[0008] S1: The main cylinder body falls to the working position, and the upper die device and the lower die device are removed;

[0009] S2: The master cylinder body rises to the highest position and is locked, and the T-screw of the connection block between the master cylinder body and the lifting cylinder is removed;

[0010] S3: The base of the translation mechanism is hoisted into the center part of the hydraulic press and falls on the upper surface of the lower beam. The tooling cylinder falls into the process hole of the lower beam of the hydraulic press, corresponding to the four angles of "east", "south", "west" and "north" of the main cylinder body;

[0011] S4: The master cylinder is unlocked, the lifting cylinder falls back to the lowest position along with the master cylinder body, and the pump stops;

[0012] S5: The tooling cylinder rises and lifts up the main cylinder body;

[0013] S6: Remove the main cylinder body flange, compression sleeve, seal and the connecting blocks 1-2 between the main cylinder body and the lifting cylinder;

[0014] S7: The main cylinder body falls onto the translation trolley of the translation mechanism along with the tooling oil cylinder, and the tooling oil cylinder 3 continues to fall to the lowest position;

[0015] S8: Remove the X slider on the main cylinder body and move the trolley out of the hydraulic press body;

[0016] S9: The truck crane and flatbed truck work together to transport the main cylinder body to the assembly room to replace the guide sleeve;

[0017] S10: The main cylinder body with the new guide sleeve installed is transported back to the translation trolley, and the translation trolley is moved to the center mark of the hydraulic press for positioning;

[0018] S11: Install the components on the master cylinder body in reverse order according to the above steps.

[0019] In step S2, lock the main cylinder body and remove the T-screw of the connection block between the main cylinder body and the lifting cylinder. The specific steps are: remove the Haver protective ring at the bottom of the connection block; remove the nut of the T-screw at the top of the connection block; the lifting cylinder falls back to expose the spherical pad and pull out the T-screw; the lifting cylinder rises and returns to the jacking position.

[0020] In step S5, the tooling cylinder lifts up the main cylinder body. The specific steps are as follows: open the valve on the tooling cylinder 3 valve block of the hydraulic station, the pump starts to load, and the tooling cylinder rises slowly. When the top cap above the piston rod hits the lower surface of the main cylinder body, slowly raise the tooling cylinder to lift the main cylinder body to the set distance position; close the valve on the valve block of the tooling cylinder of the hydraulic station, observe whether the main cylinder body has a downward slip phenomenon, if so, check the hydraulic circuit and eliminate the fault source; when the main cylinder body remains stable, stop the pump; place a support frame on the upper surface of the translation trolley body, and the support frame is located at a set distance from the lower surface of the main cylinder body.

[0021] In step S7, the main cylinder body falls onto the translation trolley along with the tooling oil cylinder. The specific steps are as follows: 1) After the connection block is removed, slowly open the throttle valve of the control oil cylinder on the valve block of the tooling oil cylinder, loosen it a circle first, and observe whether the main cylinder body falls. If the main cylinder body does not fall, slowly open the throttle valve on the valve block, loosen it a circle first, and observe whether the main cylinder body falls. If the main cylinder body does not fall, slowly open the overflow valve on the valve block until the main cylinder body slowly falls. According to the speed of the main cylinder body falling, adjust the opening of each valve; 2) The lower plane of the main cylinder body When it descends to the set height position above the support frame, close the overflow valve and the throttle valve to lock the tooling cylinder, place the support frame 4 on the upper surface of the translation trolley body, and after the support frame 4 is confirmed to be in place, remove the support frame, and the support frame is located at a set distance position on the lower surface of the main cylinder body; 3) Open the throttle valve and the overflow valve, and the main cylinder body continues to fall. When the main cylinder body approaches the support frame, close the overflow and throttle valves again, lock the tooling cylinder, place the support frame on the upper surface of the translation trolley body, and after the support frame is confirmed to be in place, remove the support frame, and the support frame is located at a set distance position on the lower surface of the main cylinder body;

[0022] In step S7: 4) Open the throttle valve and the relief valve, the main cylinder body continues to fall, and when it is close to the support frame 4, close the relief valve and the throttle valve again, and remove the support frame; 5) Then open the throttle valve and the relief valve, the main cylinder body slowly falls onto the translation trolley, and after confirming that there are no abnormalities with the translation trolley body, rollers, and trolley tracks, inflate the piston rod of the tooling cylinder to the lowest position, and stop the air pump to cut off the power; before removing the connecting block of the main cylinder body and during the descent, place the support frame on the lower surface of the main cylinder body.

[0023] In step S9, the main cylinder guide sleeve is disassembled and assembled. The specific steps are as follows: the main cylinder body is hoisted onto the gantry boring and milling machine, and a longitudinal groove is milled along the inner side of the guide sleeve. The depth of the groove is close to the wall thickness of the guide sleeve. After the groove is washed, the guide sleeve is removed; the processed guide sleeve is assembled by the cold pressing method. The guide sleeve is cooled by liquid nitrogen to the assembly size, hoisted into the main cylinder body, and pressed with a pressing tool.

[0024] In step S3, the translation mechanism includes a translation trolley and a base, a first track and a second track are arranged on the base, the first track and the second track are processed into a herringbone structure, the first track and the second track are fixedly mounted on the base, mechanical limiters are arranged at both ends of the first track and the second track, the body of the translation trolley is a welded part, and Π-shaped roller frames are arranged on both sides of the lower part of the body, a roller with a single-sided wheel flange rides on the Π-shaped roller frame through a roller shaft, and the roller tread is rollingly connected to the track.

[0025] In step S5, the tooling oil cylinder adopts a gas-liquid cylinder, and the hydraulic oil is introduced into the rodless cavity of the tooling oil cylinder, which is a structure with adjustable pressure.

[0026] In step S9, the press-fitting tool includes a pressing plate, a supporting plate, an adjusting screw, and an adjusting screw sleeve, which adopts an I-shaped structure. The pressing plate is connected to the upper part of the guide sleeve of the main cylinder, and the pressing plate is also connected to the lower end of the adjusting screw. Through holes are processed at both ends of the supporting plate, and the through holes correspond to the fixed threaded holes of the main cylinder press sleeve. The pressing tool support plate is connected to the main cylinder body through a threaded connector passing through the through hole. The upper end of the adjusting screw is processed into a rectangular structure to facilitate the rotation of the adjusting screw. The adjusting screw sleeve is fixed at the center of the supporting plate and is rotationally connected to the adjusting screw. When pressing, the adjusting screw is rotated to drive the pressing plate downward, driving the main cylinder body guide sleeve to slide down to the designed working contact surface of the main cylinder, protecting the pressing surface from indentation when the guide sleeve is pressed. Positioning blocks are inlaid at both ends of the pressing plate of the press-fitting tool and the contact part with the guide sleeve. The positioning blocks are made of nylon, copper, rubber or plastic.

[0027] The present invention also relates to a main cylinder structure of a large hydraulic press, which comprises a main cylinder, a connecting block, a lifting cylinder, a T-screw, an X-slider, a main cylinder body, a main cylinder body flange, a pressing sleeve, a seal, and a guide sleeve.

[0028] The technical solution of the present invention is adopted, and the working principle and beneficial effects are as follows:

[0029] The method for replacing the main cylinder guide sleeve of a large hydraulic press described in the present invention is as follows: 1. When replacing the main cylinder guide sleeve of the hydraulic press, the main cylinder body of the hydraulic press is disassembled from top to bottom, and the main cylinder body is transported out of the main body of the hydraulic press, and the main cylinder guide sleeve is disassembled and assembled non-destructively in the equipment room, and then the main cylinder body with the replaced guide sleeve is transported to the center of the hydraulic press, and installed from bottom to top along the pressing center line of the hydraulic press, thereby improving the replacement efficiency of the main cylinder guide sleeve, reducing the damage to other parts during the replacement of the main cylinder guide sleeve, increasing the safe service life of the hydraulic press, saving replacement costs, ensuring installation accuracy, and providing operating specifications for the replacement of the main cylinder guide sleeve of the hydraulic press. 2. The tooling oil cylinder adopts a gas-liquid cylinder, and the up and down movement speed of the main cylinder body is controllable, with small resistance during operation, and a pad is provided on the plunger head of the tooling oil cylinder to protect the piston rod head from deformation and damage caused by abnormal external forces. 3. In the removal process of the main cylinder guide sleeve, the gantry boring and milling machine is used to mill the grooves to avoid the burns on the contact surface between the main cylinder body and the guide sleeve caused by the conventional gas cutting method. 4. The special press-fitting tooling for the main cylinder guide sleeve adopts a Ⅱ-shaped structure. When pressing, it is carried out from both sides of the main cylinder body press sleeve at the same time, which is convenient for force application. Nylon blocks are inlaid at both ends of the press-fitting tooling pressure plate and the contact part of the press sleeve to protect the press sleeve from indentation when pressing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] The following is a brief description of the contents and symbols in the drawings of this specification:

[0031] Figure 1 The present invention is a flowchart of the replacement method;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure when the main cylinder of the large hydraulic press according to the present invention is replaced;

[0033] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the axial structure when the main cylinder of the large hydraulic press according to the present invention is replaced;

[0034] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the main cylinder of the large-scale hydraulic press of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the translation mechanism of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the main cylinder of the large-scale hydraulic press according to the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the translation mechanism of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the press-fitting tooling of the present invention;

[0039] The marks in the attached drawings are respectively: 1. main cylinder structure; 1-1. main cylinder; 1-2. connecting block; 1-3. lower beam; 1-4. lifting cylinder; 1-5. T-screw; 1-6. X-slider; 1-7; 1-11. main cylinder body; 1-12; 1-13. main cylinder body flange; 1-14. pressing sleeve; 1-15. seal; 1-16. guide sleeve; 2. translation mechanism; 2-1. translation mechanism base; 2-2. translation trolley body; 2-3. first track; 2-4. second track; 2-5. mechanical limit; 2-22. Π-type roller frame; 2-23. roller; 3. tooling cylinder; 4. support frame; 5. pressing tooling; 5-1. pressure plate; 5-2. support plate; 5-3. adjusting screw; 5-4. adjusting screw sleeve; 5-5. positioning block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The following is a further detailed description of the specific implementation of the present invention, such as the shape, structure, mutual position and connection relationship between the various components involved, the function and working principle of each part, etc., through the description of the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0041] As attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 8 As shown, the present invention is a method for replacing a guide sleeve of a main cylinder of a large hydraulic press, and the replacement steps of the method for replacing a guide sleeve of a main cylinder of a large hydraulic press are as follows:

[0042] S1: The main cylinder body 1-11 falls to the working position, and the upper mold device and the lower mold device are removed; S2: The main cylinder body 1-11 rises to the highest position and is locked, and the T-screw 1-5 of the connection block between the main cylinder body 1-11 and the lifting cylinder 1-4 is removed; S3: The translation mechanism base 2-1 is hoisted into the central part of the hydraulic press and falls on the upper surface of the lower beam 1-3, and the tooling cylinder 3 falls into the process hole of the lower beam 1-3 of the hydraulic press, corresponding to the four angles of "east", "south", "west" and "north" of the main cylinder body 2-11; S4: The main cylinder 1-1 is unlocked, and the lifting cylinder 1-4 falls back to the lowest position with the main cylinder body 1-11, and the pump is stopped; S5: The tooling cylinder 3 rises and lifts up the main cylinder body 1-11; S6: Remove the main cylinder body flange 1 -13, press sleeve 1-14, seal 1-15 and connecting block 1-2 between main cylinder body 1-11 and lifting cylinder 1-4; S7: main cylinder body 1-11 falls onto translation trolley 2 of translation mechanism 2 along with tooling oil cylinder 3, and tooling oil cylinder 3 continues to descend to the lowest position; S8: remove X slider 1-6 on main cylinder body 1-11, and translation trolley 2 moves out of hydraulic press body; S9: cooperate with automobile crane and flatbed car to transport main cylinder body 1-1 to assembly room to replace guide sleeve 1-16; S10: main cylinder body 1-11 with new guide sleeve 1-16 is transported back to translation trolley 2, and translation trolley 2 moves to center mark of hydraulic press; S11: reversely install parts on main cylinder body 1-11 according to the above steps. The above steps propose improved technical solutions for the deficiencies in the prior art. The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. When replacing the guide sleeve of the main cylinder of the hydraulic press, the main cylinder body of the hydraulic press is disassembled from top to bottom, and the main cylinder body is transported out of the main body of the hydraulic press, and the main cylinder guide sleeve is disassembled and assembled non-destructively in the equipment room, and then the main cylinder body with the replaced guide sleeve is transported to the center of the hydraulic press, and installed from bottom to top along the pressing center line of the hydraulic press, thereby improving the replacement efficiency of the main cylinder guide sleeve, reducing the damage to other parts during the replacement of the main cylinder guide sleeve, increasing the safe service life of the hydraulic press, saving replacement costs, ensuring installation accuracy, and providing operating specifications for the replacement of the main cylinder guide sleeve of the hydraulic press. 2. The tooling oil cylinder adopts a gas-liquid cylinder, and the up and down movement speed of the main cylinder body is controllable, with small resistance during operation, and a pad is provided on the plunger head of the tooling oil cylinder to protect the piston rod head from deformation and damage caused by abnormal external forces. 3. In the removal process of the main cylinder guide sleeve, the gantry boring and milling machine is used to mill the grooves to avoid the burns on the contact surface between the main cylinder body and the guide sleeve caused by the conventional gas cutting method. 4. The special press-fitting tooling for the main cylinder guide sleeve adopts a Ⅱ-shaped structure. When pressing, it is carried out from both sides of the main cylinder body press sleeve at the same time, which is convenient for force application. Nylon blocks are inlaid at both ends of the press-fitting tooling pressure plate and the contact part of the press sleeve to protect the press sleeve from indentation when pressing.The method for replacing the main cylinder guide sleeve of a large hydraulic press described in the present invention has simple steps. When replacing the main cylinder guide sleeve of the hydraulic press, the main cylinder body of the hydraulic press is disassembled from top to bottom and the main cylinder body is reinstalled from bottom to top along the pressing center line of the hydraulic press, thereby improving the replacement efficiency of the main cylinder guide sleeve, reducing the damage to other parts caused by the main cylinder guide sleeve replacement process, protecting parts, and effectively standardizing the replacement of the main cylinder guide sleeve of the hydraulic press.

[0043] In step S2, the main cylinder body 1-11 is locked, and the T-screw 1-5 of the connection block between the main cylinder body 1-11 and the lifting cylinder 1-4 is removed. The specific steps are: remove the Havers protection ring at the bottom of the connection block 1-3; remove the nut of the T-screw 1-5 at the top of the connection block 1-2; the lifting cylinder 1-4 falls back to expose the spherical pad, and the T-screw 1-5 is pulled out; the lifting cylinder 1-4 is raised and restored to the top position. The above steps further define step S2, so as to reliably lock the main cylinder body 1-11, remove the T-screw 1-5 of the connection block between the main cylinder body 1-11 and the lifting cylinder 1-4, and facilitate the extraction of the T-screw 1-5.

[0044] In step S5, the tooling cylinder 3 lifts up the main cylinder body 1-11. The specific steps are as follows: open the valve on the valve block of the tooling cylinder 3 of the hydraulic station, the pump starts to load, the tooling cylinder 3 rises slowly, and when the top cap above the piston rod hits the lower surface of the main cylinder body 1-11, slowly raise the tooling cylinder 3 to lift up the main cylinder body 1-11 to the set distance position; close the valve on the valve block of the tooling cylinder 3 of the hydraulic station, observe whether the main cylinder body 1-11 has a downward slip phenomenon, if so, check the hydraulic circuit and eliminate the source of the fault; when the main cylinder body 1-11 remains stable, stop the pump; place the support frame 4 on the upper surface of the translation trolley body 2-2, and the support frame 4 is located at the set distance position on the lower surface of the main cylinder body 1-11. The above steps further limit step S3 to achieve the tooling cylinder 3 lifting up the main cylinder body 1-11, and then drive the support frame through the review trolley for reliable support.

[0045] In step S7, the main cylinder body 1-11 falls onto the translation trolley 2 along with the tooling oil cylinder 3. The specific steps are as follows: 1) After the connection block 1-3 is removed, slowly open the throttle valve of the control oil cylinder on the valve block of the tooling oil cylinder 3, loosen it a circle first, and observe whether the main cylinder body 1-11 falls. If the main cylinder body 1-11 does not fall, slowly open the throttle valve on the valve block, loosen it a circle first, and observe whether the main cylinder body 1-11 falls. If the main cylinder body 1-11 does not fall, slowly open the overflow valve on the valve block until the main cylinder body 1-11 falls. 1) The cylinder body 1-11 has a slow descending action, and the opening of each valve is adjusted according to the descending speed of the main cylinder body 1-11; 2) When the lower plane of the main cylinder body 1-11 descends to the set height position above the support frame 4, the overflow valve and the throttle valve are closed to lock the tooling cylinder 3, and the support frame 4 is placed on the upper surface of the translation trolley body 2-2. After the support frame 4 is confirmed to be in place, the support frame 4 is removed, and the support frame 4 is located at a set distance from the lower surface of the main cylinder body 1-11; 3) The throttle valve and the overflow valve are opened, and the main cylinder body 1- 11 continues to fall, when the main cylinder body 1-11 approaches the support frame 4, the overflow and throttle valves are closed again, the tooling oil cylinder 3 is locked, and the support frame 4 is placed on the upper surface of the translation trolley body 2-2. After the support frame 4 is confirmed to be in place, the support frame 4 is removed, and the support frame 4 is located at a set distance from the lower surface of the main cylinder body 1-11; 4) The throttle valve and the overflow valve are opened, and the main cylinder body 1-11 continues to fall. When it approaches the support frame 4, the overflow valve and the throttle valve are closed again, and the support frame 4 is removed; 5) Then the throttle valve and Overflow valve, the main cylinder body 1-11 slowly falls onto the translation trolley 2, and after confirming that there is no abnormality in the translation trolley body 2-2, roller 2-23, and trolley track, inflate to press the piston rod of the tooling cylinder to the lowest position, and stop the air pump to cut off the power; before the main cylinder body 1-11 removes the connecting block 1-3 and during the descent, place the support frame 4 on the lower surface of the main cylinder body 1-11. The above steps further limit the S7 step. The support frame 4 mainly prevents the main cylinder body 1-11 from descending out of control and plays a temporary emergency support role. The number of times the support frame 4 is replaced and the length of the support frame 4 are determined according to the distance between the lower surface of the main cylinder body 1-11 and the upper surface of the translation trolley body 2-21. The support frame 4 of the present invention is made of metal materials, such as steel, which effectively improves its own strength.

[0046] In step S9, the main cylinder guide sleeve 1-16 is disassembled and assembled, and the specific steps are: the main cylinder body 1-11 is hoisted onto the gantry boring and milling machine, and a longitudinal groove is milled along the inner side of the guide sleeve 1-16, and the groove depth is close to the wall thickness of the guide sleeve 1-16. After the groove is washed, the guide sleeve 1-16 is removed; the processed guide sleeve 1-16 is assembled by the cold pressing method, and the guide sleeve 1-16 is cooled by liquid nitrogen to reach the assembly size, and is hoisted into the main cylinder body 1-16, and is pressed by the pressing tool 5. The above steps further limit step S9, and the main cylinder guide sleeve 1-16 can be reliably disassembled and assembled, and the processed guide sleeve 1-16 is assembled by the cold pressing method.

[0047] In step S3, the translation mechanism 2 includes a translation trolley 2-2 and a base 2-1, a first track 2-3 and a second track 2-4 are arranged on the base 2-1, the first track 2-3 and the second track 2-4 are processed into a herringbone structure, the first track 2-3 and the second track 2-4 are fixedly mounted on the base 2-1, a mechanical limit 2-5 is arranged at both ends of the first track 2-3 and the second track 2-4, and is used for positioning the translation trolley 2-2 at the extreme working position, the body 2-2 of the translation trolley is a welded part, and Π-shaped roller frames 2-22 are arranged on both sides of the lower part of the body 2-2, a roller 2-23 with a single-sided wheel rim rides on the Π-shaped roller frame 2-22 through a roller shaft, the roller tread is rollingly connected to the track, and the single-sided wheel rim plays a guiding role.

[0048] In step S5, the tooling oil cylinder 3 adopts a gas-liquid cylinder, and the hydraulic oil is introduced into the rodless chamber of the tooling oil cylinder 3, which is a structure with adjustable pressure. The above steps are aimed at ensuring that back pressure is generated during the descent of the main cylinder body 1-11, controlling the descent speed of the main cylinder body 1-11, and ensuring the working pressure required when the tooling oil cylinder 3 drives the main cylinder body 1-11 to rise. The rod chamber is introduced with compressed air, which not only ensures that the piston rod returns to zero position when it is unloaded, but also reduces the resistance of the tooling oil cylinder 3 when it is working. The plunger end of the tooling oil cylinder 3 is provided with a pad 3-2 with a groove, which protects the piston rod head of the tooling oil cylinder 3 from deformation and damage caused by abnormal external force, thereby improving reliability.

[0049] In step S9, the press-fitting tool 5 includes a pressing plate 5-1, a supporting plate 5-2, an adjusting screw 5-3, and an adjusting screw sleeve 5-4, which adopt an I-shaped structure. The pressing plate 5-1 is connected to the upper part of the master cylinder guide sleeve 1-16, and the pressing plate 5-1 is also connected to the lower end of the adjusting screw 5-3. Through holes are processed at both ends of the supporting plate 5-2, and the through holes correspond to the fixed threaded holes of the master cylinder pressing sleeve 1-14. The pressing tool support plate 5-2 is connected to the master cylinder body 1-11 through a threaded connector passing through the through holes. The upper end of the adjusting screw 5-3 is processed into a rectangular structure to facilitate the rotation of the adjusting screw 5-3. The adjusting screw sleeve 5-4 is fixed at the center position of the supporting plate and is rotationally connected to the adjusting screw 5-3. When pressing, the adjusting screw 5-3 is rotated to drive the pressing plate 5-1 downward, driving the master cylinder body guide sleeve 1-16 to slide down to the designed working contact surface of the master cylinder 1-1, protecting the pressing surface of the guide sleeve 1-16 from indentation when pressing. The two ends of the pressing plate 5-1 of the press-fitting tool 5 are inlaid with positioning blocks 5-5 at the contact portion of the guide sleeve 1-16, and the positioning blocks are made of nylon parts or red copper or rubber or plastic materials. Like this, the positioning blocks can not wear the guide sleeve 1-16 when contacting with the guide sleeve 1-16 again.

[0050] The present invention also relates to a main cylinder structure of a large hydraulic press, which includes a main cylinder 1-1, a connecting block 1-2, a lifting cylinder 1-4, a T-screw 1-5, an X-slider 1-6, a main cylinder body 1-11, a main cylinder body flange 1-13, a pressing sleeve 1-14, a seal 1-15, and a guide sleeve 1-16.

[0051] In summary, the innovations of the present invention are: 1. When replacing the guide sleeve of the main cylinder of the hydraulic press, the main cylinder body of the hydraulic press is disassembled from top to bottom and reinstalled from bottom to top along the pressing center line of the hydraulic press, which improves the efficiency of replacing the main cylinder guide sleeve and reduces the damage to other parts during the replacement of the main cylinder guide sleeve, providing operating specifications for the replacement of the main cylinder guide sleeve of the hydraulic press. 2. The tooling cylinder adopts a gas-liquid cylinder, and the up and down movement speed of the main cylinder body is controllable, with small resistance during operation. A pad is provided on the head of the tooling cylinder plunger to protect the piston rod head from deformation and damage caused by abnormal external force. 3. The main cylinder guide sleeve removal process adopts the gantry boring and milling machine to mill the grooves for disassembly, avoiding the conventional gas cutting method for disassembling the guide sleeve, which causes burns to the contact surface between the main cylinder body and the guide sleeve. 4. The special press-fitting tooling for the main cylinder guide sleeve adopts a II-shaped structure. During press-fitting, it is implemented from both sides of the main cylinder guide sleeve at the same time, which is convenient for force application. Nylon blocks are inlaid on both ends of the press-fitting tooling pressure plate and the contact part of the press sleeve to protect the guide sleeve press-fitting surface from indentation during press-fitting.

[0052] The present invention is described above by way of example in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned method. As long as various improvements are made using the method concept and technical solution of the present invention, or the concept and technical solution of the present invention are directly applied to other occasions without improvement, they are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for replacing the guide sleeve of the main cylinder of a large hydraulic press, characterized in that: The replacement steps of the main cylinder guide sleeve replacement method of the large hydraulic press are as follows: S1: The main cylinder body (1-11) falls to the working position, and the upper mold device and the lower mold device are removed; S2: The main cylinder body (1-11) rises to the highest position and is locked, and the T-screw (1-5) of the connection block between the main cylinder body (1-11) and the lifting cylinder (1-4) is removed; S3: The translation mechanism base (2-1) is hoisted into the center part of the hydraulic press and falls on the upper surface of the lower beam (1-3), and the tooling cylinder (3) falls into the process hole of the lower beam (1-3) of the hydraulic press, corresponding to the four angles of "east", "south", "west" and "north" of the main cylinder body (1-11); S4: The master cylinder (1-1) is unlocked, the lifting cylinder (1-4) falls back to the lowest position along with the master cylinder body (1-11), and the pump stops; S5: The tooling oil cylinder (3) rises and lifts up the main cylinder body (1-11); S6: Remove the main cylinder body flange (1-13), the compression sleeve 1-14), the seal (1-15), and the connecting block (1-2) between the main cylinder body (1-11) and the lifting cylinder (1-4); S7: The main cylinder body (1-11) falls onto the translation mechanism (2) along with the tooling oil cylinder (3), and the tooling oil cylinder (3) continues to fall to the lowest position; S8: Remove the X slide block (1-6) on the main cylinder body (1-11), and move the trolley (2) out of the hydraulic press body; S9: The truck crane cooperates with the flatbed truck to transport the main cylinder body (1-1) to the assembly room to replace the guide sleeve (1-16); S10: The main cylinder body (1-11) with the new guide sleeve (1-16) installed is transported back to the translation trolley (2), and the translation trolley (2) is moved to the center mark of the hydraulic press for positioning; S11: Install the components on the master cylinder body (1-11) in reverse order according to the above steps.

2. The method for replacing the guide sleeve of the main cylinder of a large hydraulic press according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S2, the main cylinder body (1-11) is locked, and the T-screw (1-5) of the connection block between the main cylinder body (1-11) and the lifting cylinder (1-4) is removed. The specific steps are: remove the Haversian protective ring at the bottom of the connection block (1-3); remove the nut of the T-screw (1-5) at the top of the connection block (1-2); the lifting cylinder (1-4) falls back to expose the spherical pad, and the T-screw (1-5) is pulled out; the lifting cylinder (1-4) is raised to return to the top lifting position.

3. The method for replacing the guide sleeve of the main cylinder of a large hydraulic press according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the tooling cylinder (3) lifts up the main cylinder body (1-11), and the specific steps are as follows: open the valve on the valve block of the tooling cylinder (3) of the hydraulic station, the pump starts to load, and the tooling cylinder (3) slowly rises. When the top cap above the piston rod hits the lower surface of the main cylinder body (1-11), the tooling cylinder (3) is slowly raised to lift the main cylinder body (1-11) to a set distance position; close the valve on the valve block of the tooling cylinder (3) of the hydraulic station, observe whether the main cylinder body (1-11) slides down, if so, check the hydraulic circuit and eliminate the fault source; when the main cylinder body (1-11) remains stable, stop the pump; place a support frame (4) on the upper surface of the translation trolley body (2-2), and the support frame (4) is located at a set distance position from the lower surface of the main cylinder body (1-11).

4. The method for replacing the guide sleeve of the main cylinder of a large hydraulic press according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S7, the main cylinder body (1-11) falls onto the translation trolley (2) along with the tooling oil cylinder (3). The specific steps are as follows: 1) After the connection block (1-3) is removed, slowly open the throttle valve of the control oil cylinder on the valve block of the tooling oil cylinder (3), loosen it once, and observe whether the main cylinder body (1-11) falls. If the main cylinder body (1-11) does not fall, slowly open the throttle valve on the valve block, loosen it once, and observe whether the main cylinder body (1-11) falls. If the main cylinder body (1-11) does not fall, slowly open the overflow valve on the valve block until the main cylinder body (1-11) slowly falls. According to the falling speed of the main cylinder body (1-11), adjust the opening of each valve; 2) The lower plane of the main cylinder body (1-11) When descending to the set height position above the support frame (4), close the overflow valve and the throttle valve to lock the tooling oil cylinder (3), place the support frame (4) on the upper surface of the translation trolley body (2-2), and after the support frame 4 is confirmed to be in place, remove the support frame (4), and the support frame 4 is located at a set distance position on the lower surface of the main cylinder body (1-11); 3) open the throttle valve and the overflow valve, the main cylinder body (1-11) continues to fall, and when the main cylinder body (1-11) approaches the support frame (4), close the overflow valve and the throttle valve again, lock the tooling oil cylinder (3), place the support frame (4) on the upper surface of the translation trolley body (2-2), and after the support frame (4) is confirmed to be in place, remove the support frame (4), and the support frame (4) is located at a set distance position on the lower surface of the main cylinder body (1-11); 5. The method for replacing the guide sleeve of the main cylinder of a large hydraulic press according to claim 4 is characterized in that: In step S7: 4) open the throttle valve and the overflow valve, the main cylinder body (1-11) continues to fall, and when it approaches the support frame (4), close the overflow valve and the throttle valve again, and remove the support frame (4); 5) then open the throttle valve and the overflow valve, the main cylinder body (1-11) slowly falls onto the translation trolley (2), and after confirming that there are no abnormalities in the translation trolley body (2-2), the roller (2-23), and the trolley track, inflate the piston rod of the tooling cylinder to the lowest position, and stop the air pump to cut off the power; before the main cylinder body (1-11) removes the connecting block (1-3) and during the descent, place the support frame (4) on the lower surface of the main cylinder body (1-11).

6. The method for replacing the guide sleeve of the main cylinder of a large hydraulic press according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S9, the main cylinder guide sleeve (1-16) is disassembled and assembled, and the specific steps are: the main cylinder body (1-11) is hoisted onto a gantry boring and milling machine, and a longitudinal groove is milled along the inner side of the guide sleeve (1-16), the groove depth is close to the wall thickness of the guide sleeve (1-16), and after the groove is washed, the guide sleeve (1-16) is removed; the processed guide sleeve (1-16) is assembled by a freezing press method, the guide sleeve (1-16) is cooled by liquid nitrogen to reach the assembly size, and then hoisted into the main cylinder body (1-16), and press-assembled using a press-fitting tool (5).

7. The method for replacing the guide sleeve of the main cylinder of a large hydraulic press according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the translation mechanism (2) comprises a translation trolley (2-2) and a base (2-1), a first track (2-3) and a second track (2-4) are arranged on the base (2-1), the first track (2-3) and the second track (2-4) are processed into a herringbone structure, the first track (2-3) and the second track (2-4) are fixedly mounted on the base 2-1), a mechanical limiter (2-5) is arranged at both ends of the first track (2-3) and the second track (2-4), the body (2-2) of the translation trolley is a welded part, and a Π-shaped roller frame (2-22) is arranged on both sides of the lower part of the body (2-2), a roller (2-23) with a single-sided wheel rim rides on the Π-shaped roller frame (2-22) through a roller shaft, and the roller tread is rollingly connected to the track.

8. The method for replacing the guide sleeve of the main cylinder of a large hydraulic press according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the tooling oil cylinder (3) is a gas-liquid cylinder, and the rodless chamber of the tooling oil cylinder (3) is filled with hydraulic oil, so that the pressure can be adjusted.

9. The method for replacing the guide sleeve of the main cylinder of a large hydraulic press according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S9, the press-fitting tool (5) includes a press plate (5-1), a support plate 5-2), an adjusting screw (5-3), and an adjusting screw sleeve (5-4), and adopts an I-shaped structure. The press plate (5-1) is connected to the upper part of the main cylinder guide sleeve (1-16), and the press plate (5-1) is also connected to the lower end of the adjusting screw (5-3). Through holes are processed at both ends of the support plate (5-2), and the through holes correspond to the fixed threaded holes of the main cylinder press sleeve (1-14). The press-fitting tool support plate (5-2) is threaded through the through holes. The connecting piece is connected to the main cylinder body (1-11), the upper end of the adjusting screw (5-3) is processed into a rectangular parallelepiped structure, which is convenient for rotating the adjusting screw (5-3), and the adjusting screw sleeve (5-4) is fixed at the center of the support plate and is rotationally connected with the adjusting screw 5-3. When pressing, the adjusting screw (5-3) is rotated to drive the pressing plate (5-1) downward, driving the main cylinder body guide sleeve (1-16) to slide down to the designed working contact surface of the main cylinder (1-1), protecting the guide sleeve (1-16) from generating an indentation when pressing.

10. A main cylinder structure of a large hydraulic press, characterized in that: The main cylinder structure of the large hydraulic press comprises a main cylinder (1-1), a connecting block (1-2), a lifting cylinder (1-4), a T-screw (1-5), an X-slider (1-6), a main cylinder body (1-11), a main cylinder body flange (1-13), a pressing sleeve (1-14), a seal (1-15), and a guide sleeve (1-16).

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