Load shedding structure used under goaf high-fill embankment and construction method

Abstract

The invention provides a load shedding structure used under a goaf high-fill embankment and a construction method. The load shedding structure comprises an arch-shaped base body structure and multiple layers of arc-shaped earthwork standard rooms arranged on the outer side of the arch-shaped base body structure. The arch-shaped base body structure comprises multiple layers of tamped soil formed by filling layer by layer in sequence from bottom to top, and the width of each layer of tamped soil is gradually decreased layer by layer from bottom to top. Geocells are laid on the top face and the two side faces of each layer of tamped soil; a porous box culvert is arranged in the middle of the tamped soil on the lowest layer; the space between every two adjacent layers of arc-shaped geocells and the space between the arc-shaped geocell on the innermost layer and the arc-shaped base body structure are filled with arc-shaped filling soil; filling is conducted on the outer side of the arc-shaped earthwork standard room on the outermost layer to form roadbed filling soil; an expressway roadbed is paved on the top surface of the roadbed filling soil; and a plurality of layers of horizontal geocells are laid in the roadbed filling soil close to the highway roadbed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of roadbed, pavement and underground engineering disease prevention, and in particular to a load reduction structure and a construction method for use under a high fill embankment in a goaf area. Background Art

[0002] The mountainous area in western China has become one of the main battlefields for highway construction. Guizhou is rich in coal resources but is located in the mountains. Due to the terrain restrictions, high-fill and deep-dig sections will inevitably be encountered during highway construction. In order to meet the requirements of drainage or traffic, it is becoming more and more common to set up culverts in high-fill sections, and these culverts are buried deep. On the other hand, a large number of coal mining areas have also formed, and the highway lines will inevitably pass through the goaf areas. When high-fill culverts are built in the goaf sections, the overburden of the goaf is prone to uneven settlement and deformation, which brings new safety hazards to the stability of the highway.

[0003] Compared with ordinary culverts, high fill culverts in the complex environment of goaf areas are subject to the dual influence of overburden load and complex road sections in goaf areas. The stress and deformation of the culvert will be more complicated, prone to large-scale cracking, displacement and other phenomena, and sometimes collapse, which seriously affects the safety of highway use. Due to the increase in soil pressure, the risk of damage to the culvert body structure will be greatly increased. However, it is far from enough to simply strengthen the strength of the culvert body structure for the treatment of high fill culverts in goaf areas. If cracks occur in the culvert body structure, the subsequent maintenance of the culvert will be extremely difficult. In addition, the fill soil is too high, and the risks faced by the goaf area are increased. It is not only affected by the vertical load of the culvert, but also by the soil pressure of the high fill.

[0004] In order to ensure that the culvert can be constructed efficiently and maintain long-term stability, it is necessary to overcome the adverse effects of the goaf area on the culvert construction, solve the deformation, settlement, fracture and other safety hazards and potential hazards caused by the goaf area to the normal traffic of the road, and meet the needs of high fill embankment and river diversion. Therefore, it is necessary to take necessary disaster prevention and disease prevention measures for the high fill culvert of the highway in the complex environment of the goaf area, improve the traditional high fill embankment structure above the culvert and its filling method, refine the structural design, improve the construction quality, and reduce the probability of culvert damage. Unloading the high fill culvert in the goaf area is an important way to avoid excessive settlement and deformation of the culvert caused by excessive soil pressure. Therefore, how to unload the high fill culvert in the goaf area is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0005] The main purpose of the present invention is to propose a load reduction structure and construction method for use under a high fill embankment in a goaf area, aiming to solve the above technical problems.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, on the one hand, the present invention proposes a load-reducing structure for use under a high-fill embankment in a goaf area, comprising an arched base structure and a multi-layer arc-shaped geocell arranged on the outside of the arched base structure; the arched base structure comprises a multi-layer rammed soil formed by filling layer by layer from bottom to top, and the width of each layer of rammed soil decreases layer by layer from bottom to top; geocells are laid on the top surface and both side surfaces of each layer of rammed soil; a porous box culvert is arranged in the middle of the lowest layer of rammed soil; arched fill soil is filled between two adjacent layers of arc-shaped geocells and between the innermost layer of arc-shaped geocells and the arched base structure; filling is performed on the outside of the outermost layer of arc-shaped geocells to form a roadbed fill soil; a highway roadbed is laid on the top surface of the roadbed fill soil; and a multi-layer horizontal geocell is laid inside the roadbed fill soil near the highway roadbed.

[0007] Preferably, the number of the horizontal geocells is two layers, including a first layer of horizontal geocells and a second layer of horizontal geocells spaced from bottom to top.

[0008] Preferably, the number of the arc-shaped geocells is two layers, including a first arc-shaped geocell and a second arc-shaped geocell spaced from the inside to the outside; backfill is performed between the first arc-shaped geocell and the arched base structure to form a first layer of arched backfill soil; backfill is performed between the first arc-shaped geocell and the second arc-shaped geocell to form a second layer of arched backfill soil.

[0009] Preferably, the structure of the geocell on each layer of compacted soil includes two sides bent downward to form a vertical bending portion for wrapping the side of the compacted soil, and a horizontal bending portion is formed by bending outward at the bottom end of the vertical bending portion.

[0010] Preferably, the number of layers of the compacted soil is four, including, from bottom to top, a first layer of compacted soil, a second layer of compacted soil, a third layer of compacted soil and a fourth layer of compacted soil; a first layer of geocells is laid on the top surface and sides of the first layer of compacted soil; a second layer of geocells is laid on the top surface and sides of the second layer of compacted soil; a third layer of geocells is laid on the top surface and sides of the third layer of compacted soil; and a fourth layer of geocells is laid on the top surface and sides of the fourth layer of compacted soil.

[0011] Preferably, the top surface of the bottommost layer of compacted soil is flush with the top surface of the porous box culvert.

[0012] Preferably, all geocells are filled with fill soil.

[0013] On the other hand, the present invention also proposes a construction method for the load reduction structure under the high fill embankment in the goaf area, comprising the following steps:

[0014] S1. Determine the location of the porous box culvert, build it above the goaf and use it as the base of the high fill soil;

[0015] S2. construct an arched base structure at the corresponding position of the porous box culvert, and make the porous box culvert be located in the middle of the rammed soil of the lowest layer of the arched base structure;

[0016] S3, filling the outer side of the arched base structure with arched fill soil and multi-layered arc-shaped geocells in sequence;

[0017] S4, the arched base structure, the arc-shaped geocell, and the arched fill soil together constitute an artificial arched load-reducing structure. When the artificial arched load-reducing structure tends to be stable, fill soil is gradually filled from both sides of the artificial arched load-reducing structure until the filling height completely exceeds the artificial arched load-reducing structure to form a roadbed fill soil;

[0018] S5. When the top of the roadbed fill is close to the design elevation, multiple layers of horizontal geocells are laid at intervals and the roadbed fill is filled to the design elevation, and the highway subgrade is built on the top surface of the roadbed fill.

[0019] Preferably, in step S2, when constructing the arch base structure, rammed soil is filled on the left and right sides of the porous box culvert, and the rammed soil filling height is flush with the top of the porous box culvert to form a first layer of rammed soil.

[0020] Preferably, in step S2, when constructing the arch base structure, the method for laying the geocells on each layer of rammed soil is: laying the geocells on the top surface of the rammed soil, bending both sides downward to form vertical bending portions to wrap the sides of the rammed soil, and then bending horizontally outwards to form horizontal bending portions.

[0021] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] (1) Compared with other culvert embankments, the present invention designs a new load-reducing structure and construction method. The artificial arch load-reducing structure adopted solves the problems of stress concentration, water leakage, large subsidence, collapse, etc. caused by vertical loads generated by embankment filling in goaf areas and box culverts.

[0023] (2) In the present invention, an artificial arched load-reducing structure is formed by utilizing an arched base structure, an arc-shaped geocell, and an arched fill soil, so that the upper fill load is transferred to both sides of the porous box culvert through the arched load-reducing structure, thereby achieving load reduction of the porous box culvert by the high fill in the goaf, controlling the settlement of the porous box culvert, and also meeting the needs of highway traffic.

[0024] (3) By adopting the load-reducing structure and construction method provided by the present invention, the same filling materials as the original embankment can be used according to the principle of adapting measures to local conditions. By changing the layout mode and filling method, the load-reducing function of the artificial arch structure can be realized, thereby solving a series of problems such as large settlement displacement of the box culvert in the goaf area, unreasonable embankment structure, and difficulty in filling and compaction.

[0025] (4) The present invention has the characteristics of direct method, simple facilities, convenient construction and low cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of a load relief structure used under a high fill embankment in a goaf area;

[0028] Figure 2 Axonometric view of a load relief structure used under a high fill embankment in a goaf area;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a top view of the load relief structure used under the high fill embankment in the goaf area;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of laying the geocell in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of an artificial arched load-reducing structure formed by an arched base structure, an arc-shaped geocell, and an arched fill soil in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the arched base structure in the present invention.

[0033] Explanation of the figure numbers: 1. Porous box culvert; 2. First layer of compacted soil; 3. First layer of geocell; 4. Second layer of compacted soil; 5. Second layer of geocell; 6. Third layer of compacted soil; 7. Third layer of geocell; 8. Fourth layer of compacted soil; 9. Fourth layer of geocell; 10. First layer of arched fill; 11. First arc-shaped geocell; 12. Second layer of arched fill; 13. Second arc-shaped geocell; 14. Roadbed fill; 15. First layer of horizontal geocell; 17. Second layer of horizontal geocell; 19. Highway roadbed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of the present invention (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0036] In addition, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0037] As shown in the accompanying drawings, a load-reducing structure for use under a high-fill embankment in a goaf area comprises an arched base structure and a multi-layer arc-shaped geocell arranged outside the arched base structure; the arched base structure comprises a multi-layer rammed soil formed by filling layer by layer from bottom to top, and the width of each layer of rammed soil decreases layer by layer from bottom to top; geocells are laid on the top surface and both side surfaces of each layer of rammed soil; a porous box culvert 1 is arranged in the middle of the bottom layer of rammed soil; arched fill soil is filled between two adjacent layers of arc-shaped geocells and between the innermost layer of arc-shaped geocells and the arched base structure; filling is performed on the outside of the outermost layer of arc-shaped geocells to form a roadbed fill soil 14; a highway roadbed 19 is laid on the top surface of the roadbed fill soil 14; and a multi-layer horizontal geocell is laid inside the roadbed fill soil 14 near the highway roadbed 19.

[0038] Specifically, the number of the horizontal geocells is two layers, including a first layer of horizontal geocells 15 and a second layer of horizontal geocells 17 spaced from bottom to top. The number of the arcuate geocells is two layers, including a first arcuate geocell 11 and a second arcuate geocell 13 spaced from inside to outside; a first layer of arched fill soil 10 is formed by filling between the first arcuate geocell 11 and the arched base structure; a second layer of arched fill soil 12 is formed by filling between the first arcuate geocell 11 and the second arcuate geocell 13.

[0039] Combination Figure 1 As shown, the structure of the geocell on each layer of compacted soil includes two sides bent downward to form a vertical bending portion for wrapping the side of the compacted soil, and a horizontal bending portion is formed by bending outward at the bottom end of the vertical bending portion.

[0040] In this embodiment, the number of layers of the compacted soil is four, including, from bottom to top, a first layer of compacted soil 2, a second layer of compacted soil 4, a third layer of compacted soil 6 and a fourth layer of compacted soil 8; a first layer of geocell 3 is laid on the top surface and side surfaces of the first layer of compacted soil 2; a second layer of geocell 5 is laid on the top surface and side surfaces of the second layer of compacted soil 4; a third layer of geocell 7 is laid on the top surface and side surfaces of the third layer of compacted soil 6; and a fourth layer of geocell 8 is laid on the top surface and side surfaces of the fourth layer of compacted soil 7.

[0041] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 6 As shown, the top surface of the bottommost layer of compacted soil is flush with the top surface of the porous box culvert 1 .

[0042] In this embodiment, all geocells are filled with fill soil.

[0043] Combination Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the construction principle of the load-reducing structure under the high fill embankment in the goaf area is as follows: the porous box culvert 1 is built above the goaf area as a channel for the diversion of streams, springs, and river channels, and as the basis of the load-reducing structure, it is the key to constructing an artificial arch structure. The water flow comes from the diversion of streams, rivers, etc. The position of the porous box culvert 1 is determined to ensure the passage of the diverted water flow of the river channel. The purpose of setting up the porous box culvert 1 is to prevent the water flow from eroding the embankment and infiltrating the goaf, etc., and is used to divert the water flow of streams, rivers, etc. into the porous box culvert 1. Multiple layers of compacted soil are filled on the left and right sides and the upper part of the porous box culvert 1, and geocells are laid between the compacted soil layers to separate the compacted soil. After the filling of the compacted soil and the laying of the geocells are completed, the arched fill soil is filled on the outside of the compacted soil, and the arc-shaped geocells are laid again to construct a complete artificial arched load-reducing structure. After the artificial arch load-reducing structure is stabilized, backfill soil is filled on both sides to completely cover the structure to form a roadbed backfill soil 14. When the roadbed backfill soil 14 is completed, a highway roadbed 19 needs to be built on top of it.

[0044] Specifically, the construction method includes the following steps:

[0045] S1. Determine the construction location of the porous box culvert 1, and construct the porous box culvert 1 above the goaf as the base of the high fill soil;

[0046] S2, constructing an arched base structure at the corresponding position of the porous box culvert 1, and making the porous box culvert 1 located in the middle of the rammed soil of the bottom layer of the arched base structure;

[0047] S3, filling the outer side of the arched base structure with arched fill soil and multi-layered arc-shaped geocells in sequence;

[0048] S4, the arched base structure, the arc-shaped geocell, and the arched fill soil together constitute an artificial arched load-reducing structure. When the artificial arched load-reducing structure tends to be stable, fill soil is gradually filled from both sides of the artificial arched load-reducing structure until the filling height completely exceeds the artificial arched load-reducing structure, forming a roadbed fill soil 14;

[0049] S5. When the top of the roadbed fill 14 is close to the design elevation, multiple layers of horizontal geocells are laid at intervals and the roadbed 14 is filled to the design elevation, and a highway roadbed 19 is built on the top surface of the roadbed 14.

[0050] In the step S2 , when constructing the arch base structure, rammed soil is filled on the left and right sides of the porous box culvert 1 , and the rammed soil filling height is flush with the top of the porous box culvert 1 , forming a first layer of rammed soil 2 .

[0051] In step S2, when constructing the arch base structure, the geocell laying method on each layer of rammed soil is: laying the geocell on the top surface of the rammed soil, bending both sides downward to form vertical bending parts to wrap the sides of the rammed soil, and then bending horizontally outward to form horizontal bending parts.

[0052] In this embodiment, when constructing the arch base structure, the geocell is laid between the rammed soil layers to increase the stability and strength of the soil layers and reduce the bearing pressure of the soil layers. The base of the porous box culvert 1 is established above the goaf as the key foundation of the artificial arch structure. The aforementioned first layer of rammed soil 2 is filled on the left and right sides of the porous box culvert 1, and the second, third and fourth layers of rammed soil are filled layer by layer according to the designed height, and the filling width decreases layer by layer to form the main body of the load-reducing structure. The number of geocell laying layers is consistent with the number of rammed soil layers.

[0053] The first layer of arched fill soil 10 and the second layer of arched fill soil 12 are filled into an arch shape to form the main outline of the artificial arch. The first arc-shaped geocell 11 is laid on the surface of the first layer of arched fill soil 10, and the second arc-shaped geocell 13 is laid on the surface of the second layer of arched fill soil 12, which is the key to the artificial arch load reduction.

[0054] A first layer of horizontal geocells 15 and a second layer of horizontal geocells 17 are laid in the roadbed fill soil 14 to enhance the load-reducing effect of the arch structure.

[0055] Furthermore, in combination with the specific structure of the load-reducing structure under the high fill embankment in the goaf area, the detailed steps of the construction method include:

[0056] Step 1: The porous box culvert 1 is located near the goaf. The position of the porous box culvert 1 is determined according to the water passage.

[0057] Step 2: The porous box culvert 1 is constructed above the goaf and serves as the base of the high fill soil.

[0058] Step 3: The first layer of compacted soil 2 is filled on the left and right sides of the porous box culvert 1 , and the filling height of the first layer of compacted soil 2 is flush with the top of the porous box culvert 1 .

[0059] Step 4: After the first layer of compacted soil 2 is filled, the first layer of geocells 3 is laid on the top and both sides of the first layer of compacted soil 2 and extended to the edge of the excavation.

[0060] Step 5: After the first layer of geocells 3 is laid, fill soil into the first layer of geocells 3 to build a preliminary artificial arch structure.

[0061] Step 6: After the first layer of geocells 3 is filled, a second layer of compacted soil 4 is filled on top of the geocells 3. The filling height is the same as that of the first layer of compacted soil 2, but the filling width is shortened.

[0062] Step 7: After the second layer of compacted soil 4 is filled, the second layer of geocells 5 are laid on the top and both sides of the second layer of compacted soil 4 and extended to the top edge of the first layer of geocells 3 .

[0063] Step 8: After the second layer of geocells 5 are laid, fill the second layer of geocells 5 with backfill soil.

[0064] Step 9: After the second layer of geocells 5 is filled, the third layer of compacted soil 6 is filled on top of the second layer of geocells 5. The filling height is the same as that of the second layer of compacted soil 4, and the filling width is shortened.

[0065] Step 10: After the third layer of compacted soil 6 is filled, the third layer of geocells 7 is laid on the top and both sides of the third layer of compacted soil 6 and extended to the top edge of the second layer of geocells 5 .

[0066] Step 11: After the third layer of geocells 7 is laid, fill the third layer of geocells 7 with backfill soil.

[0067] Step 12: After the third layer of geocells 7 is filled, a fourth layer of compacted soil 8 is filled on top of the third layer of geocells 7. The filling height is the same as that of the third layer of compacted soil 6, and the filling width is shortened.

[0068] Step 13: After the fourth layer of compacted soil 8 is filled, the fourth layer of geocells 9 are laid on the top and both sides of the fourth layer of compacted soil 8 and extended to the top edge of the third layer of geocells 7 .

[0069] Step 14: After the fourth geocell 9 is laid, fill soil into the fourth geocell 9 to complete the construction of the arched base structure.

[0070] Step 15: Fill the first layer of arched fill soil 10 outside the arched base structure.

[0071] Step 16: The first arc-shaped geocell 11 is laid on the surface of the first layer of arched fill soil 10 to form a preliminary load-relieving arched structure.

[0072] Step 17: After the first arc-shaped geocell 11 is filled with backfill soil, a second layer of arch-shaped backfill soil 12 is filled outside the first arc-shaped geocell 11 to form a two-layer arch.

[0073] Step 18: After the second layer of arched fill soil 12 is filled, a second arc-shaped geocell 13 is laid outside the second layer of arched fill soil 12 to form a second layer of load-reducing structure. At this point, the arched base structure, the arc-shaped geocell, and the arched fill soil together form an artificial arched load-reducing structure.

[0074] Step 19: After the construction of the artificial arch load-reducing structure is completed, the roadbed fill soil 14 is filled layer by layer on both sides thereof according to the height of the arch single-layer structure.

[0075] Step 20: The roadbed fill soil 14 is filled to completely cover the arch structure. After the fill soil is stable, when the top of the roadbed fill soil 14 is close to the design elevation, the first layer of horizontal geocells 15 and the second layer of horizontal geocells 16 are further laid to reduce the vertical load of the roadbed on the fill soil.

[0076] Step 21: Fill the roadbed fill soil 14 to the designed elevation, and build the highway roadbed 19 on the top surface of the roadbed fill soil 14.

[0077] Note: The concrete strength of porous box culvert 1 must meet the standards, and the compacted soil strength must meet the specifications.

[0078] In this embodiment, streams, rivers and other water flows are diverted to the porous box culvert 1 to prevent water from seeping into the embankment and crossing the goaf, causing the roadbed and goaf to collapse. The porous box culvert 1 is used as the matrix to form the basis of the artificial arch load reduction structure, which can make up for the vacancy of the load reduction method, conform to the principle of adapting measures to local conditions and green energy saving, change the water flow channel to ensure the smooth flow of water, and reduce the fill load on the goaf and the upper part of the box culvert, which greatly saves manpower, material resources and financial resources. Determine the diversion position of streams, rivers, etc., ensure the rationality of the position of the porous box culvert 1, and introduce the water flow into the porous box culvert 1. The strength of the compacted soil layer is greatly improved because most of the gaps in the soil are squeezed and compacted, and the compacted soil is combined with the porous box culvert 1 to form an arched matrix structure. As a honeycomb three-dimensional restriction system, geocells, combined with fill soil, can form a structure with strong lateral restriction and high rigidity. The arched base structure, arc-shaped geocells, and arched fill soil together constitute an artificial arched load-reducing structure. The upper fill load is transferred to both sides of the porous box culvert 1 through the arched load-reducing structure, which can reduce the vertical load of the fill acting on the porous box culvert 1 and the goaf, alleviate the stress concentration phenomenon, and prevent the box culvert from large deformation, uneven deformation, cracking, water leakage and other diseases. Fill soil is filled on the left and right sides of the artificial arched load-reducing structure and on the top to form the roadbed fill soil 14, in order to maintain the integrity between the embankment and the original stratum, and to meet the construction requirements of the highway roadbed and ensure the safe passage of vehicles on the built highway.

[0079] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings under the inventive concept of the present invention, or directly / indirectly applied in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A load-reducing structure for use under a high fill embankment in a goaf area, characterized in that: It includes an arched base structure and a multi-layer arc-shaped geocell arranged outside the arched base structure; The arched base structure comprises multiple layers of compacted soil formed by filling up layer by layer from bottom to top, and the width of each layer of compacted soil decreases layer by layer from bottom to top; geocells are laid on the top surface and both sides of each layer of compacted soil; and a porous box culvert (1) is arranged in the middle of the bottom layer of compacted soil; Arched fill soil is filled between two adjacent layers of arc-shaped geocells and between the innermost arc-shaped geocell and the arched base structure; the outer side of the outermost arc-shaped geocell is filled to form a roadbed fill soil (14); a highway roadbed (19) is laid on the top surface of the roadbed fill soil (14); and multiple layers of horizontal geocells are laid inside the roadbed fill soil (14) near the highway roadbed (19).

2. A load-reducing structure for use under a high-fill embankment in a goaf area as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the horizontal geocells is two layers, including a first layer of horizontal geocells (15) and a second layer of horizontal geocells (17) which are spaced apart from bottom to top.

3. A load-reducing structure for use under a high-fill embankment in a goaf area as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the arc-shaped geocells is two layers, including a first arc-shaped geocell (11) and a second arc-shaped geocell (13) spaced from the inside to the outside; filling is performed between the first arc-shaped geocell (11) and the arched base structure to form a first layer of arched filling soil (10); and filling is performed between the first arc-shaped geocell (11) and the second arc-shaped geocell (13) to form a second layer of arched filling soil (12).

4. A load-reducing structure for use under a high-fill embankment in a goaf area as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The structure of the geocell on each layer of compacted soil includes two sides bent downward to form a vertical bending portion for wrapping the side of the compacted soil, and a horizontal bending portion formed by bending outward at the bottom end of the vertical bending portion.

5. A load-reducing structure for use under a high-fill embankment in a goaf area as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The number of layers of the compacted soil is four, which include, from bottom to top, a first layer of compacted soil (2), a second layer of compacted soil (4), a third layer of compacted soil (6), and a fourth layer of compacted soil (8); A first layer of geocells (3) is laid on the top surface and side surfaces of the first layer of compacted soil (2); A second layer of geocells (5) is laid on the top surface and side surfaces of the second layer of compacted soil (4); A third layer of geocells (7) is laid on the top surface and side surfaces of the third layer of compacted soil (6); A fourth layer of geocells (8) is laid on the top surface and side surfaces of the fourth layer of compacted soil (7).

6. A load-reducing structure for use under a high-fill embankment in a goaf area as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The top surface of the bottommost layer of compacted soil is flush with the top surface of the porous box culvert (1).

7. A load-reducing structure for use under a high-fill embankment in a goaf area as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: All geocells are filled with fill soil.

8. A construction method for a load-relief structure under a high fill embankment in a goaf area as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Determine the construction location of the porous box culvert (1), and construct the porous box culvert (1) above the goaf as a base for the high fill soil; S2, constructing an arched base structure at a position corresponding to the porous box culvert (1), and making the porous box culvert (1) located in the middle of the lowest layer of compacted soil of the arched base structure; S3, filling the outer side of the arched base structure with arched fill soil and multi-layered arc-shaped geocells in sequence; S4, the arched base structure, the arc-shaped geocell, and the arched fill soil together form an artificial arched load-reducing structure. When the artificial arched load-reducing structure becomes stable, fill soil is gradually filled from both sides of the artificial arched load-reducing structure until the filling height completely exceeds the artificial arched load-reducing structure, thereby forming a roadbed fill soil (14); S5. When the top of the roadbed fill soil (14) is close to the design elevation, multiple layers of horizontal geocells are laid at intervals and the roadbed fill soil (14) is filled to the design elevation, and a highway roadbed (19) is built on the top surface of the roadbed fill soil (14).

9. A construction method for a load-relief structure under a high-fill embankment in a goaf area as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: In step S2, when constructing the arched base structure, rammed soil is filled on the left and right sides of the porous box culvert (1), and the rammed soil filling height is flush with the top of the porous box culvert (1), forming a first layer of rammed soil (2).

10. A construction method for a load-relief structure under a high-fill embankment in a goaf area as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: In step S2, when constructing the arch base structure, the geocell laying method on each layer of rammed soil is: laying the geocell on the top surface of the rammed soil, bending both sides downward to form vertical bending parts to wrap the sides of the rammed soil, and then bending horizontally outward to form horizontal bending parts.

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