Shield tunneling machine cutterhead suitable for large-particle-size boulder stratum
By setting up sealing plates and heavy-duty tearing knives in the shield machine cutter plate, the problems of cutter plate opening collapse and surface settlement in large-particle drift stone formations are solved, reducing the risk of partial sharpening of the central knife and improving the service life of the tool and crushing efficiency.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420261895.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-02-02
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-18
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-02-02
AI Technical Summary
In large-grain drift stone formations, existing shield machine cutter plates are difficult to effectively control surface settlement and collapse, resulting in an increased risk of partial sharpening of the central knife.
A shield machine cutter plate suitable for large-grain drifting stone formations was designed. By setting a sealing plate at the opening of the cutter plate and setting a heavy tearing knife in the center, the risk of deflection of the center blade is reduced and the cutting plate opening is prevented. The soil layer on the upper and oblique upper part collapsed.
It effectively reduces the risk of grinding of the knife center of the cutter, extends the service life of the tool, improves the crushing efficiency and safety, and controls the surface settlement and prevents collapse.
Smart Images
Figure CN222501736U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of shield equipment, and in particular to a shield machine cutterhead suitable for large-diameter boulder formations. Background Art
[0002] With the rapid development of transportation, mechanization of tunnel construction is becoming increasingly popular, among which shield construction occupies a major position in tunnel construction. In shield machine construction, the cutterhead is the key cutting component, which directly determines the efficiency and safety of shield machine construction.
[0003] At present, the shield method is not only applicable to soft rock excavation, but also to hard rock and soil excavation, and has a high degree of mechanization. However, in water-rich sand and gravel and water-rich large boulder formations, it is particularly difficult for shield machines in the existing technology to control the surface settlement of the formation, because the particle size of such boulder formations is large, the proportion of stones is high, and the formation self-stability is poor. A slight disturbance will cause collapse. In addition, such formations cannot provide effective support reaction force for the roller cutter, and the formation collapse will increase the risk of eccentric wear of the center cutter.
[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a shield machine cutterhead that is more wear-resistant and can prevent ground collapse, so as to solve the problems of cutterhead opening face collapse, surface settlement and center cutter eccentric wear in large-diameter boulder formations.
[0005] The information disclosed in this background technology section is only used to deepen the understanding of the background technology of the present disclosure, and should not be regarded as acknowledging or suggesting in any form that the information constitutes the prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the invention
[0006] In view of at least one of the above technical problems, the present disclosure provides a shield machine cutterhead suitable for large-diameter boulder formations. By setting a sealing plate at the cutterhead opening and a heavy-duty tearing knife in the center, it is possible to prevent the collapse of the soil layer and the ground settlement at the upper and oblique upper part of the cutterhead opening, thereby reducing the risk of eccentric wear of the center cutter.
[0007] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a shield machine cutterhead suitable for large-diameter boulder formations, comprising an inner ring beam, an outer ring beam, a plurality of spokes of equal number and arranged at equal angles, and a plurality of panels, wherein the spokes and the panels are respectively fixedly mounted on the end faces of the inner ring beam and the outer ring beam, and a cutterhead opening area is formed between the spokes and the panels; at least one heavy-duty tearing knife is provided at the center of the spoke, a plurality of rollers are installed on the spoke along its central axis, and a plurality of scrapers are installed on the edges of both sides of the spoke; at least one roller is installed on the panel; and a sealing plate is provided on the outer ring beam between the spokes and the panel.
[0008] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the number of panels and spokes is 6 respectively.
[0009] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the end face of the outer ring beam is lower than the end faces of the spokes and the panel; the top ends of the cross sections of the spokes and the panel are arc-shaped structures.
[0010] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the sealing plate is welded to the outer ring beam or forged integrally with the outer ring beam, and its material is Q345B; the cross-section of the sealing plate is a trapezoidal structure, and the distance between the two sides of the sealing plate and the adjacent panels and spokes is 20 mm respectively, its outer ring surface is lower than the outer ring surface of the outer ring beam, and the distance is 10 mm, and its end face is lower than the end faces of the spokes and panels.
[0011] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application have at least any of the following technical effects or advantages:
[0012] 1. Since the heavy tearing knife is reasonably arranged in the center knife of the cutter disc to replace the roller cutter, the risk of eccentric wear of the center knife of the cutter disc is reduced, the service life of the tool is extended, and the crushing effect and crushing efficiency are high.
[0013] 2. A sealing plate is installed on the outer ring beam at the cutterhead opening. The cross-section of the sealing plate is a trapezoidal structure, which can suppress the collapse of the tunnel face above and obliquely above the cutterhead opening during excavation, thereby controlling surface settlement and preventing the collapsed excess soil layer from entering the soil bin, increasing the risk of the center of the soil bin and the cutterhead being stuck. A gap is left between the sealing plate and the adjacent panels and spokes, which can allow fine particles to pass through the cutterhead while suppressing the collapse of the tunnel face, thereby ensuring the feed efficiency of the cutterhead.
[0014] 3. The circumference of the cutter head face adopts an arc structure, which increases the area of the cutter head. More hobs can be arranged around the cutter head to meet the needs of high linear speed and fast wear of the peripheral hobs, improve the cutting efficiency of the cutter head and reduce the wear of individual tools. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cutter head of a shield machine in one embodiment of the present application.
[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the central area of the cutter disc in one embodiment of the present application.
[0017] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of a cutter disc in one embodiment of the present application.
[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a sealing plate in one embodiment of the present application.
[0019] In the above figures, 1 is the inner ring beam, 2 is the outer ring beam, 3 is the spoke, 4 is the panel, 5 is the quadruple tearing knife, 6 is the double tearing knife, 7 is the rolling knife, 8 is the scraper, and 9 is the sealing plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0020] In order to better understand the technical solution of the present application, the above technical solution will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.
[0021] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "vertical", "horizontal", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. The terms "first", "second", etc. involved in the present application are used to distinguish the objects described and do not have any order or technical meaning. The terms "connection" and "connection" involved in the present application, unless otherwise specified, include direct and indirect connections (connections).
[0022] Unless otherwise specified, the components, structures, and mechanisms involved in the following embodiments are conventional commercially available products.
[0023] Embodiment 1
[0024] This example discloses a shield machine cutterhead suitable for large-diameter boulder formations, see Figure 1 , including an inner ring beam 1, an outer ring beam 2, spokes 3 and panels 4; the number of spokes 3 and panels 4 is equal and they are arranged at equal angles, and are fixedly installed on the end faces of the inner ring beam 1 and the outer ring beam 2 respectively. The number of panels 4 and spokes 3 is 6 respectively. The adjacent panels 4 and spokes 3 are hollowed out, and the area formed between the inner ring beam 1 or the outer ring beam 2 is the cutter head opening area, which is used to transport gravel and soil residue cut by the cutter head.
[0025] See also Figure 2The bottom ends of the six spokes 3 are fixedly connected as a whole, and a heavy-duty tearing knife is arranged in the central area, including a quadruple heavy-duty tearing knife 5 and four double heavy-duty tearing knives 6. Since the heavy-duty tearing knife is more wear-resistant, the risk of eccentric wear of the center knife is reduced in the large-diameter boulder formation, and the excavation efficiency is higher; a plurality of rollers 7 are installed along the central axis direction of each spoke 3, wherein six rollers 7 are installed in the central axis direction of four spokes 3, and seven rollers 7 are installed in the central axis direction of two spokes 3; a plurality of rollers 7 are installed on the edge parts of both sides of each spoke 3. Scrapers 8 are installed on the edges of both sides of 2 spokes 3, 12 scrapers 8 are installed on the edges of both sides of 2 spokes 3, 14 scrapers 8 are installed on the edges of both sides of 1 spoke 3, 11 scrapers 8 are installed on the edges of both sides of 1 spoke 3, and 13 scrapers 8 are installed on the edges of both sides of 1 spoke 3; 2 rollers 7 are installed on each panel 4; the use of a large number of rollers on the cutter disc has higher cutting efficiency and stability in large-grained boulder formations, as well as less wear and strong adaptability, which can ensure the safe and efficient excavation of the shield machine.
[0026] See also Figure 3 The end face of the outer ring beam 2 is lower than the end faces of the spokes 3 and the panel 4, and the top of the cross section of the spokes 3 and the panel 4 near the cutter head face is an arc-shaped structure, which increases the area of the cutter head and allows more hobs to be arranged around the cutter head to meet the needs of high linear speed and fast wear of the peripheral hobs, thereby improving the cutting efficiency of the cutter head and reducing tool wear.
[0027] See also Figure 4 , a sealing plate 9 is welded on the outer ring beam 2 in the opening area of the cutter disc (the sealing plate 9 can also be forged integrally with the outer ring beam 2), there are 12 sealing plates 9 in total, and the material used is the same as that of the cutter disc, which is Q345B material. The outer ring surface of the sealing plate 9 is 10mm lower than the outer ring surface of the outer ring beam 2, and the distance between its left and right sides and the adjacent panels 4 and spokes 3 is 20mm. The height of the end face of the sealing plate 9 is lower than the end faces of the spokes 3 and the panels 4; the cross section of the sealing plate 9 is a trapezoidal structure, and its upper surface and inclined surface correspond to the upper part of the cutter disc opening and the inclined upper part of the tunnel face respectively, which can inhibit the collapse of the soil layer at the upper part of the cutter disc opening and the inclined upper part of the tunnel face during excavation, control surface settlement, and prevent the collapsed excess soil layer from entering the soil bin to aggravate the risk of sticking the center of the soil bin and the cutter disc, and a 20mm gap is left between the sealing plate 9 and the spokes 3 and the panel 4, which can allow fine particles to enter the cutter disc while inhibiting the collapse of the soil layer, thereby ensuring the feeding efficiency of the cutter disc.
[0028] Although some preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, those skilled in the art may make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present application.
[0029] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is also intended to include these modifications and variations.
Claims
1. A shield machine cutterhead suitable for large-diameter boulder formations, characterized in that: It includes an inner ring beam, an outer ring beam, a plurality of spokes of equal number and arranged at equal angles, and a plurality of panels, wherein the spokes and the panels are respectively fixedly mounted on the end faces of the inner ring beam and the outer ring beam, and a cutter disc opening area is formed between the spokes and the panels; at least one heavy-duty tearing knife is provided at the center of the spoke, a plurality of rollers are installed on the spoke along its central axis, and a plurality of scrapers are installed on the edges of both sides of the spoke; at least one roller is installed on the panel; a sealing plate is provided on the outer ring beam between the spokes and the panel.
2. The shield machine cutterhead suitable for large-diameter boulder formation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of panels and spokes are 6 respectively.
3. The shield machine cutterhead suitable for large-diameter boulder formation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end surface of the outer ring beam is lower than the end surfaces of the spokes and the panel; the top ends of the cross sections of the spokes and the panel are arc-shaped structures.
4. The shield machine cutterhead suitable for large-diameter boulder formation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing plate is welded to the outer ring beam or forged integrally with the outer ring beam, and its material is Q345B; the cross-section of the sealing plate is a trapezoidal structure, and the distance between the two sides of the sealing plate and the adjacent panels and spokes is 20mm respectively, its outer ring surface is lower than the outer ring surface of the outer ring beam, and the distance is 10mm, and its end face is lower than the end faces of the spokes and panels.