Water-permeable sand-blocking ridge for water-diversion sand-prevention hub
By designing a permeable sand barrier in the water diversion and sand control hub, and using inverted V-shaped permeable holes and backflushing devices, the problems of poor sand barrier and difficult silting in traditional sand barriers are solved, achieving more efficient sand protection and water resources management reduces engineering volume and economic losses.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411702696.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-26
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-10
AI Technical Summary
Traditional sand barriers have poor sand prevention effects, difficulty in silting and project volume, and lack of feasible and effective measures, resulting in silt washing and sand and silting in water diversion canals, causing economic losses and river ecological problems.
Design a permeable sand barrier, including a weir and a steel cage, fill it with stones, and an inverted V-shaped permeable hole and a backflushing water device are installed in the weir. The design of the permeable hole improves sand prevention efficiency and reduces silting Difficulty and project quantity.
It effectively reduces the height of the sand barrier, maintains the natural state of the river hydrology, improves the sand prevention effect, reduces the difficulty of dredging and project volume, enhances earthquake resistance, and improves water resource utilization efficiency and river sand flushing efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN119287835A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of water conservancy projects and water diversion type power station projects, and is a water permeable sand retaining bank used for a water diversion and sand prevention hub. Background Art
[0002] Water diversion and sand control is the core problem and also the difficult problem faced by water diversion hub projects on sediment-rich rivers. Due to the poor sand control effect of water diversion hubs, engineering problems such as sediment erosion of buildings, sediment entering fields, sediment wear of turbines, and sediment dredging are relatively common and serious, resulting in huge economic losses. Among the sand control measures that have been used, sand retaining dams are a simple, effective and widely adopted structural measure. However, practice has shown that traditional sand retaining dams have the following disadvantages: New Construction The height of the sand retaining bank is proportional to the sand prevention effect. If the sand retaining bank is set too high, the daily operating water level (designed water diversion level) will be too high, causing the following problems: 1) It changes the original hydrological state of the river too much, which is contrary to the ecological requirements of the river; 2) The backwater from the upstream causes the sediment to accumulate at the far end of the flood discharge and sand flushing gate. When the flood is used to flush the sand, the effect of upstream flushing is limited and the efficiency of flushing is low; 3) It increases the height of the building, increases the amount of construction work, and increases the difficulty of earthquake resistance in strong earthquake areas; 4) The daily operating water level is too high and close to the flood warning water level, which can easily cause confusion in flood control management.
[0003] Completed Projects Based on the above reasons, the actual engineering sand retaining bank height is generally selected to be around 1.5m. The operation of the existing projects shows that the upstream silt space formed by the 1.5m high water retaining bank and the flood discharge sand flushing gate will soon be filled with silt. At this time, the river sand, especially the bedload sediment, will enter the water diversion main canal in large quantities, causing serious consequences. For artificial bend-type canal heads, a large amount of sediment is deposited in the water diversion bend, and the difficulty and engineering workload of dredging are both large. The current focus is on how to deal with the sediment introduced into the main canal, but there are no feasible, simple and effective measures at the water diversion hub (the first sand prevention facility). Summary of the invention
[0004] The present invention provides a permeable sand retaining bank for a water diversion and sand prevention hub, which overcomes the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art and can effectively solve the problems of poor sand prevention effect of the existing sand retaining bank, difficulty in dredging and large engineering workload, and lack of feasible and effective measures.
[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is achieved through the following measures: a permeable sand retaining embankment for a water diversion and sand prevention hub comprises a weir body and a steel cage; a steel cage is fixedly connected to the left side of the weir body, the steel cage is filled with stones, and at least one row of permeable holes connected to the outside is provided in the weir body.
[0006] The following are further optimizations and / or improvements to the above technical solutions: The water-permeable hole is an inverted V-shaped water-permeable hole; the included angle of the inverted V-shaped water-permeable hole is 110 degrees to 140 degrees, and the included angle between the inverted V-shaped water-permeable hole and the left side of the weir body is 30 degrees to 60 degrees.
[0007] The water permeable hole is an inverted V-shaped water permeable hole which is narrow on the left and wide on the right.
[0008] The right end of the water permeable hole is fixedly connected with a backwash water device.
[0009] At least two lifting ears are symmetrically fixedly connected to the top of the weir body.
[0010] The weir body is provided with five rows of water-permeable holes from top to bottom, and each row of water-permeable holes includes at least three water-permeable holes arranged at intervals along the front-back direction. The water permeability per unit area is determined by the control target of the upstream water diversion water level.
[0011] The invention has a reasonable and compact structure and is easy to use. By arranging an inverted V-shaped water-permeable hole in the weir body and filling stones in the steel cage, the purpose of sand prevention and water permeability is achieved. It has the characteristics of safety, reliability and good sand prevention effect, facilitates operation, improves sand prevention efficiency, and greatly reduces the difficulty and engineering workload of dredging. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0012] Attached Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the front cross-sectional structure of the present invention.
[0013] Attached Figure 2 It is a right view structural schematic diagram of the present invention.
[0014] Attached Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the project under construction of the present invention (working condition 1: the height of the sand retaining bank is consistent).
[0015] Attached Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the project under construction of the present invention (working condition 2: the water diversion water level is consistent).
[0016] Attached Figure 5 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the prefabricated and assembled permeable sand retaining sill used in an existing project.
[0017] Attached Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of a completed traditional sand-blocking project.
[0018] The codes in the attached drawings are: 1 for the weir body, 2 for the steel cage, 3 for the stone, 4 for the water permeable hole, 5 for the backwash device, 6 for the lifting ear, 7 for the blanket, 8 for the bottom plate of the water inlet gate, 9 for the water diversion level, and 10 for the traditional sand retaining bank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0019] The present invention is not limited by the following embodiments, and specific implementation methods can be determined based on the technical solution of the present invention and actual conditions.
[0020] In the present invention, for the convenience of description, the relative position relationship of each component is described according to the attached Figure 1 The layout is described in detail, such as the positional relationship of front, back, top, bottom, left, right, etc., which is based on the attached manual. Figure 1 It is determined by the layout direction.
[0021] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings: As attached Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figures 3, 4 and 5, the water-permeable sand retaining dam for water diversion and sand prevention hub includes a weir body 1 and a steel cage 2; the steel cage 2 is fixedly connected to the left side of the weir body 1, and the steel cage 2 is filled with stones 3, and at least one row of water-permeable holes 4 connected to the outside is provided in the weir body 1. In this way, by providing the water-permeable holes 4 in the weir body 1 and filling a number of stones 3 in the steel cage 2, the purpose of sand prevention and water permeability is achieved, which has the characteristics of safety, reliability and good sand prevention effect, facilitates operation, improves sand prevention efficiency, and greatly reduces the difficulty and engineering workload of dredging.
[0022] According to actual needs, the permeable sand retaining bank used in the above-mentioned water diversion and sand control hub can be further optimized and / or improved: As attached Figure 1 , 3 As shown in , 4 and 5, the water-permeable hole 4 is an inverted V-shaped water-permeable hole; the included angle α of the inverted V-shaped water-permeable hole is 110 degrees to 140 degrees, and the included angle β between the inverted V-shaped water-permeable hole and the left side of the weir body 1 is 30 degrees to 60 degrees. In this way, the effect of preventing sand and water permeability can be better achieved.
[0023] As attached Figure 1 , 3 As shown in 4 and 5, the water-permeable hole 4 is an inverted V-shaped water-permeable hole with a narrow left side and a wide right side. In this way, the effect of preventing sand and permeating water can be better achieved.
[0024] As attached Figure 1 , 3 As shown in , 4 and 5, a backwash device 5 is fixedly connected to the right end of the water permeable hole 4. The backwash device 5 is a well-known and commonly used device, which can be a quick connector or a fire bolt connector; it is convenient to use a high-pressure water gun or a pressure air pump, which is installed on the backwash device 5 to achieve flushing and solve the clogging problem.
[0025] As attached Figure 1 , 5 As shown, at least two lifting ears 6 are symmetrically fixedly connected to the top of the weir body 1. The lifting ears 6 are convenient for assembly and lifting.
[0026] As attached Figure 1 ,2 As shown, five rows of water-permeable holes 4 are arranged from top to bottom in the weir body 1, and each row of water-permeable holes 4 includes at least three water-permeable holes 4 arranged at intervals in the front-back direction. From the side, the water-permeable holes 4 in the weir body 1 are arranged in a rectangular shape and are connected to the outside, which is convenient for better sand prevention and water permeability. The number and size of the water-permeable holes 4 are determined according to the sediment, water flow conditions and water permeability.
[0027] Beneficial effects of the present invention (the permeable sand retaining bank for water diversion and sand prevention hub of the present invention is referred to as the permeable sand retaining bank hereinafter; as shown in the attached Figures 3 to 6 As shown, in the newly constructed project and the existing project, the left side of the weir body 1 can be fixedly connected to the blanket 7, the right side of the weir body 1 can be fixedly connected to the water inlet gate bottom plate 8, the left lower part of the traditional sand retaining bank 10 can be fixedly connected to the blanket 7, and the right upper part of the traditional sand retaining bank 10 can be fixedly connected to the water inlet gate bottom plate 8): New construction project - solved the problem of high water level operation of high-block sand sill Working condition 1: The permeable sand retaining embankment of the present invention has the same height as the conventional sand retaining embankment 10, i.e., P T1 =P C1 .
[0028] like Figure 3 , 6 As shown in the figure, when the water diversion amount of the water inlet gate is guaranteed to be the same, that is, h T1 =h C1 Because the top of the weir body 1 of the type II broken-line practical weir of the present invention (the weir flow capacity is greater than the uniform flow capacity of the open channel) and the inverted "V"-shaped gradual permeable holes 4 inside the weir body 1 can both pass water, the water level of the water-permeable sand retaining bank of the present invention is lower than the water diversion water level 9 of the traditional sand retaining bank 10 (Z T1 <Z C1 ), resulting in a reduction in the upstream backwater length, and the sedimentation changes from relatively proximal sedimentation to proximal sedimentation in front of the hub. In the sand flushing condition, low water level can be used to quickly flush the sediment in front of the gate to the downstream of the river. The sand flushing effect of tracing back to the source is significant, which can reduce the sand flushing time, improve the sand flushing efficiency, and indirectly improve the utilization efficiency of water resources. At the same time, the low operating water level has a favorable impact on maintaining the natural state of river hydrology, reducing the construction workload of the hub, and simplifying flood control management.
[0029] Condition 2: The upstream water level is the same as 9, that is, Z T1 =Z C1 .
[0030] like Figure 4 , 6 As shown in the figure, when the water diversion amount of the water inlet gate is guaranteed to be the same, that is, h T1 =h C1, because the water-permeable sand retaining dam II type broken line practical weir 1 top (the weir flow capacity is greater than the open channel uniform flow capacity) and the inverted "V" shaped gradual water permeable hole 4 inside the weir 1 can pass water. Therefore, the height of the water-permeable sand retaining dam of the present invention is higher than that of the traditional sand retaining dam 10, that is, P T1 >P C1 Since the height of the sand retaining bank is increased, compared with the traditional sand retaining bank 10, the sand prevention effect of the permeable sand retaining bank of the present invention is significantly improved, reducing the amount of bedload sediment entering the channel; at the same time, it also increases the storage capacity of upstream sediment that can be deposited, reduces the frequency of sand flushing, and improves the utilization rate of water resources.
[0031] Existing Projects - Reduce the amount of sediment entering the water intake gate (or diversion bend) in a simple and convenient way.
[0032] Since there is less sand flushing water, in order to ensure that the amount of sediment entering the channel is within an acceptable range, low-water-level intermittent sand flushing must be implemented. During this period, the water inlet gate cannot divert water (for irrigation projects, irrigation is stopped, and for diversion-type hydropower stations, the operation is shut down). This intermittent sand flushing mode does not match the demand for production continuity. Therefore, in actual projects, in order to pursue economic benefits, the frequency of intermittent sand flushing is often reduced, resulting in a large amount of sediment accumulation in front of the sand barrier. When the sediment content of the incoming water during the flood season is high, a large amount of bedload sediment enters the channel.
[0033] The water-permeable sand retaining bank of the present invention adopts a prefabricated assembled structure When the sediment content of the incoming water is high during the flood season, Figure 5 As shown, the type II broken line practical weir body 1 is hoisted on the upper part of the original traditional sand retaining bank 10, and the steel cage 2 is hoisted in front of the type II broken line practical weir body 1. By utilizing the overflow front edge length of the sand retaining bank, the space between the designed water diversion level and the designed flood level, and the water passing capacity of the permeable sand retaining bank of the present invention, the original water diversion level 9 can be kept unchanged or slightly increased. Under the condition of ensuring that the designed water diversion volume remains unchanged, the height of the sand retaining bank can be increased, thereby increasing the sand prevention effect.
[0034] If the upstream water level 9 increases less during the flood season, and after a period of operation, the inverted "V"-shaped gradual water permeable hole 4 is clogged with silt, a high-pressure water gun or a pressure air pump can be used, installed on the backwashing connection component, to achieve backwashing and solve the clogging problem.
[0035] If the upstream water level 9 increases significantly during the flood season, the permeable II type broken line practical weir body 1 and the upstream side steel cage 2 can be lifted off after the flood season. In the non-flood season, the original water diversion state is restored and clean water is introduced at a low water level.
[0036] Another application scenario For artificial bend canal headworks, due to the limited height of the traditional sand retaining bank 10 at the inlet of the water diversion bend, the problem of siltation in the water diversion bend is common. First, the dredging project is large; second, the operating space of the machinery is limited and the efficiency is low. Some engineering machinery cannot enter the water diversion bend to establish a working surface.
[0037] The addition of the permeable sand retaining dam of the present invention on the upper part of the traditional sand retaining dam 10 of the water diversion bend can produce the following favorable situations: 1) It can greatly reduce the sediment entering the water diversion bend, reduce the amount of silt removal engineering, and at the same time ensure the sand prevention requirements of the water inlet gate at the end of the bend, and greatly reduce the water used for sand flushing by the sand flushing gate. 2) Due to the increase in the height of the sand retaining dam at the inlet of the water diversion bend, it is suitable to form a "water-binding and sand-attacking" situation with the opposite water-binding wall (or diversion dike), which also improves the sand flushing effect of the flood discharge sand flushing gate during the flood season.
[0038] The above technical features constitute the embodiments of the present invention, which have strong adaptability and implementation effect. Non-essential technical features can be added or reduced according to actual needs to meet the requirements of different situations.
Claims
1. A water-permeable sand retaining embankment for a water diversion and sand prevention hub, characterized in that It includes a weir body and a steel cage; the steel cage is fixedly connected to the left side of the weir body, the steel cage is filled with stones, and at least one row of water-permeable holes connected to the outside are arranged in the weir body.
2. The permeable sand retaining embankment for water diversion and sand prevention hub according to claim 1 is characterized in that The water-permeable hole is an inverted V-shaped water-permeable hole; the included angle of the inverted V-shaped water-permeable hole is 110 degrees to 140 degrees, and the included angle between the inverted V-shaped water-permeable hole and the left side surface of the weir body is 30 degrees to 60 degrees.
3. The permeable sand retaining embankment for water diversion and sand prevention hub according to claim 2 is characterized in that The water permeable hole is an inverted V-shaped water permeable hole which is narrow on the left and wide on the right.
4. The permeable sand retaining embankment for water diversion and sand prevention hub according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that The right end of the water permeable hole is fixedly connected with a backwash water device.
5. The permeable sand retaining embankment for water diversion and sand prevention hub according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that At least two lifting ears are symmetrically fixedly connected to the top of the weir body.
6. The permeable sand retaining embankment for water diversion and sand prevention hub according to claim 4 is characterized in that At least two lifting ears are symmetrically fixedly connected to the top of the weir body.
7. The permeable sand retaining embankment for water diversion and sand prevention hub according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that Five rows of water-permeable holes are arranged at intervals from top to bottom in the weir body, and each row of water-permeable holes includes at least three water-permeable holes arranged at intervals along the front-rear direction.
8. The permeable sand retaining embankment for water diversion and sand prevention hub according to claim 4 is characterized in that Five rows of water-permeable holes are arranged at intervals from top to bottom in the weir body, and each row of water-permeable holes includes at least three water-permeable holes arranged at intervals along the front-rear direction.
9. The permeable sand retaining embankment for water diversion and sand prevention hub according to claim 5 is characterized in that Five rows of water-permeable holes are arranged at intervals from top to bottom in the weir body, and each row of water-permeable holes includes at least three water-permeable holes arranged at intervals along the front-rear direction.
10. The permeable sand retaining embankment for water diversion and sand prevention hub according to claim 6 is characterized in that Five rows of water-permeable holes are arranged at intervals from top to bottom in the weir body, and each row of water-permeable holes includes at least three water-permeable holes arranged at intervals along the front-rear direction.