Spoke type retractable roof structure driven by sliding cable

Abstract

The invention discloses a spoke type retractable roof structure driven by sliding cables, and belongs to the technical field of retractable structures. The spoke type retractable roof structure comprises a cable truss structure and a plate shell structure, the cable truss structure comprises three types of connecting nodes and three inhaul cables, the three types of connecting nodes are upper / lower outer ring fixed nodes and inner ring free nodes, and the three inhaul cables are annular cables, upper inclined cables and lower inclined cables; the ring cable sequentially penetrates through the inner ring free nodes on the first circular ring line, the upper inclined cable alternately penetrates through the inner ring free nodes and the upper outer ring fixed nodes distributed on the first circular ring line and the second circular ring line, and the lower inclined cable alternately penetrates through the inner ring free nodes and the lower outer ring fixed nodes distributed on the first circular ring line and the third circular ring line. The lengths of the three inhaul cables are adjustable, closing and unfolding of the cable truss structure are achieved, the plate shell structure is further driven to be closed and unfolded, namely closing and unfolding of the spoke type openable roof structure are achieved, and the roof opening requirements under different conditions are met. The structure and the control mode are simple, and the storage ratio is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of cable dome structures and deployable structures, in particular to a spoke-type retractable roof structure driven by sliding cables. Background Art

[0002] In the context of the times, with the advancement of science and technology, the introduction of new materials, and the demonstration of new methods, large-span spatial structures are also constantly enriching and developing. Prestressed structures such as tensegrity structures, cable truss structures, and chord-supported structures are constantly developing.

[0003] The cable truss structure inherits the idea of ​​tensegrity and is composed of multiple groups of cables and a small number of compression rods. Therefore, it has many advantages such as light weight and simple structure. However, most traditional cable truss structures still remain in the static field, and there are few studies on the combination of deployable structures and cable truss structures. At the same time, most of these studies still need to use a combination of compression rods and cables, which has problems such as large steel consumption, high construction requirements, and single control method. In addition, there is currently a lack of application research on the realization of flexible structures that can be opened and closed. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a spoke-type retractable roof structure driven by sliding cables, which adopts a flexible cable truss structure, so that the structure has the advantages of flexibility and retractability.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a technical solution:

[0006] A spoke-type retractable roof structure driven by sliding cables, comprising a cable truss structure and a plate shell structure, wherein the cable truss structure comprises three types of connection nodes and three cables, wherein the three types of connection nodes comprise an upper outer ring fixed node, a lower outer ring fixed node and an inner ring free node;

[0007] p inner ring free nodes are evenly distributed along the first circular ring line, p upper outer ring fixed nodes are evenly distributed along the second circular ring line, and p lower outer ring fixed nodes are evenly distributed along the third circular ring line. The first circular ring line, the second circular ring line, and the third circular ring line are coaxial, and the upper outer ring fixed nodes and the lower outer ring fixed nodes are symmetrical about the plane where the first circular ring line is located;

[0008] The three cables include a ring cable, an upper oblique cable and a lower oblique cable. The ring cable passes through the inner ring free node on the first circular ring line in sequence to form a closed loop with an adjustable length. The upper oblique cable alternately passes through the inner ring free node on the first circular ring line and the upper outer ring fixed node on the second circular ring line to form a closed loop with an adjustable length. The lower oblique cable alternately passes through the inner ring free node on the first circular ring line and the lower outer ring fixed node on the third circular ring line to form a closed loop with an adjustable length.

[0009] The plate-shell structure is a planar structure composed of p identical isosceles triangle plates slidingly spliced ​​together, the vertices of the p isosceles triangle plates are fixed at the free nodes of the inner ring on the first circular ring line, the bottom edges of the p isosceles triangle plates can move along the straight line where they are located, and the center of the plate-shell structure forms a polygonal opening area during the opening and closing process;

[0010] By adjusting the length of the three cables, the cable truss structure can be closed and unfolded, which further drives the closing and unfolding of the plate and shell structure, that is, the closing and unfolding of the spoke-type retractable roof structure.

[0011] Furthermore, each cable is controlled by an independent cable length adjusting device.

[0012] Furthermore, the radius of the second circular line and the third circular line is the same and greater than the radius of the first circular line.

[0013] Furthermore, pulley one, pulley two and pulley three are provided at the free nodes of the inner ring, pulley one is located in the plane where the first circular ring line is located, and pulley two and pulley three are symmetrical about the plane where the first circular ring line is located; pulley four is provided at the fixed nodes of the upper outer ring, the upper oblique cable alternately passes through pulley four and pulley two, and pulley four faces the midpoint of the line connecting a pair of adjacent pulleys two connected to it through the upper oblique cable; pulley five is provided at the fixed nodes of the lower outer ring, the lower oblique cable alternately passes through pulley five and pulley three, and pulley five faces the midpoint of the line connecting a pair of adjacent pulleys three connected to it through the lower oblique cable; pulley one, pulley two and pulley three are movable pulleys, and pulley four and pulley five are fixed pulleys.

[0014] Furthermore, the ring rope passes through the pulleys at the free nodes of the inner ring on the first circular ring line in sequence to form a closed loop.

[0015] Furthermore, the upper oblique cable is alternately wound around pulley four at the upper outer ring fixed node on the second circular ring line and pulley two at the inner ring free node on the first circular ring line to form a closed loop; the lower oblique cable is alternately wound around pulley five at the lower outer ring fixed node on the third circular ring line and pulley three at the inner ring free node on the first circular ring line to form a closed loop.

[0016] Furthermore, by adjusting the cable length adjusting device of each cable to increase the length of the upper oblique cable and the lower oblique cable and shorten the length of the ring cable, the cable truss structure is closed; by adjusting the cable length adjusting device of each cable to shorten the length of the upper oblique cable and the lower oblique cable and increase the length of the ring cable, the cable truss structure is unfolded.

[0017] Furthermore, during the unfolding of the cable truss structure, the plate and shell structure gathers toward the center of the first circular ring line, thereby realizing the closure of the spoke-type retractable roof structure; during the unfolding of the cable truss structure, the plate and shell structure radiates around the center of the first circular ring line, thereby realizing the unfolding of the spoke-type retractable roof structure.

[0018] Furthermore, the upper outer ring fixed nodes and the lower outer ring fixed nodes are both fixed on the external frame, a column slide rail is provided on the inner side of the external frame, and a unit body first slide rail is provided on the bottom edge of each isosceles triangle plate in the plate-shell structure, and the unit body first slide rail is slidably connected to the column slide rail on the external frame on the corresponding side, and during the unfolding of the cable truss structure, the unit body first slide rail and the column slide rail produce relative displacement.

[0019] Furthermore, the two side edges of each isosceles triangle plate in the plate-shell structure are respectively provided with a unit body second slide rail and a unit body third slide rail, and the unit body second slide rail of each isosceles triangle plate is slidably connected with the unit body third slide rail of the adjacent isosceles triangle plate to form a plane structure, and during the unfolding of the cable truss structure, relative displacement occurs between adjacent isosceles triangle plates.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The present invention provides a spoke-type retractable roof structure driven by sliding cables, which adopts the form of continuous cables and pulleys to achieve structural deformation by simply adjusting the length of the cables. While reducing the complexity of the structural control and monitoring systems, it also reduces the complexity of the nodes at the cable-rod connection.

[0022] 2. The present invention provides a spoke-type retractable roof structure driven by sliding cables. In previous inventions, only the cable net structure was studied, but the wind and rain protection function of the plate shell structure was lacking. The present invention combines the advantages of the two and introduces the expandable performance of the structure, which significantly improves the applicability and functionality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the present invention after combining (a) and separating (b) the cable truss structure and the plate shell structure; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the plate and shell structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cable truss structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the upper outer ring fixed node of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the lower outer ring fixed node of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the inner ring free node of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the plate and shell unit body of the present invention;

[0030] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the column slide rail of the present invention;

[0031] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the process of structural change of the present invention;

[0032] In the figure: 1-upper outer ring fixed node; 2-lower outer ring fixed node; 3-inner ring free node; 4-ring rope; 5-upper oblique rope; 6-lower oblique rope; 7-plate and shell structure; 101-pulley four; 102-upper connecting member; 103-upper connecting plate; 201-pulley five; 202-lower connecting member; 203-lower connecting plate; 301-pulley one; 302-pulley two; 303-pulley three; 304-rigid connection structure; 701-unit body first slide rail; 702-unit body second slide rail; 703-unit body third slide rail. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will be combined with the drawings in the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technology in the implementation of this invention. Of course, the embodiments described below are only part of the embodiments of this invention, not all. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] Please see attached Figure 1 and Figure 4 The present invention proposes a spoke-type retractable roof structure driven by sliding cables. The entire structure has 3p nodes and three cables with adjustable lengths to form a cable truss structure. Figure 3 As shown;

[0035] The 3p nodes include p upper outer ring fixed nodes 1, p lower outer ring fixed nodes 2, and p inner ring free nodes 3, a total of 3 types of nodes, wherein the upper outer ring fixed nodes are located on the second circular ring line, the lower outer ring fixed nodes are located on the third circular ring line, and the inner ring free nodes are located on the first circular ring line; the nodes located on the second circular ring line and the nodes on the third circular ring line are symmetrical about the plane where the first circular ring line is located; the radii of the second and third circular ring lines are the same and larger than the radius of the first circular ring line. The upper outer ring fixed nodes 1 and the lower outer ring fixed nodes 2 are both fixed on the external frame.

[0036] The three cables include a ring cable 4, an upper oblique cable 5, and a lower oblique cable 6, wherein the ring cable 4 passes through p inner ring free nodes in sequence to form a closed loop, and is divided into p uniform segments by the nodes, the upper oblique cable alternately passes through p upper outer ring fixed nodes and p inner ring free nodes, and is divided into 2p uniform segments by the nodes, and the lower oblique cable alternately passes through p lower outer ring fixed nodes and p inner ring free nodes, and is divided into 2p uniform segments by the nodes.

[0037] like Figure 2 As shown, the plate shell structure 7 in the present invention is composed of p triangular plates, one of the top ends of each triangular plate is fixed to a corresponding inner ring free node 3, and is connected in a hinged manner, such as Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, each triangular plate is used as a plate-shell unit body, and its bottom side is provided with a unit body first slide rail 701, and two side sides are provided with a unit body second slide rail 702 and a unit body third slide rail 703 respectively; the unit body first slide rail 701 is slidably connected with the column slide rail 8 on the external frame on the corresponding side, and during the unfolding of the cable truss structure, the unit body first slide rail 701 and the column slide rail 8 produce relative displacement. For each isosceles triangular plate in the plate-shell structure, the unit body second slide rail 702 of each isosceles triangular plate is interconnected with the unit body third slide rail 703 of the adjacent isosceles triangular plate to form a plane structure, and during the unfolding of the cable truss structure, the adjacent isosceles triangular plates produce relative displacement.

[0038] The ring cables pass through the nodes on the first circular line in sequence, the upper oblique cables pass through the nodes on the first circular line and the nodes on the second circular line alternately, and the lower oblique cables pass through the nodes on the first circular line and the nodes on the third circular line alternately. The lengths of the three cables are adjustable to achieve the closing and unfolding of the spoke-type cable truss structure, while driving the closing and unfolding of the plate shell structure.

[0039] In the initial state, each group of nodes is evenly distributed on its own circular ring line, and the nodes located at the ring cable are connected by a movable pulley; the two groups of oblique cables are connected to the outer ring nodes by a fixed pulley and to the inner ring nodes by a movable pulley.

[0040] like Figure 1 The 3p nodes shown can be obtained by rotating the initial 3 nodes to obtain the initial coordinates of the 3p nodes. The specific calculation is as follows:

[0041] The initial unit matrix N consists of 3 nodes i,0 (i=1,2,3):

[0042] N 1,0 =T1[r00h1] T

[0043] N 2,0 =T2[R0h2] T

[0044] N 3,0 =T3[R0-h2] T

[0045] Among them, R is the radius of the outer ring (i.e. the radius of the second and third circular rings), r0 is the radius of the inner ring (i.e. the radius of the first circular ring), h2 is the reference height relative to the reference plane h1, and the horizontal plane where the inner ring is located is used as the reference plane h1, that is, h1 = 0, so as to set the relative height of the two sets of outer rings. T1 and T2 are rotation matrices used to control the deviation value of the initial node; T3 is a rotation matrix used to control the total rotation amount of this type of node, as follows:

[0046]

[0047] The coordinate matrices of other nodes are as follows:

[0048]

[0049] Among them, u is the number of the node unit, a total of p node units; for N 1,u When calculating, u=[1,p]; for N 2,u When calculating, u=[0,p-1]; for N 3,u During calculation, u=[0,p-1]; therefore, the positions of 3p nodes are obtained in total.

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, the nodes are located on three rings. The nodes on the two outer rings are fixed nodes, totaling 2p fixed nodes; the nodes on the inner ring are all free nodes, totaling p free nodes.

[0051] In a specific implementation of the present invention, the structures of the two sets of outer ring fixed nodes are designed as follows: Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the structure of the free node is designed as follows Figure 7 shown.

[0052] like Figure 5 As shown, a pulley 101 is provided at the fixed node of the upper outer ring, and the pulley 101 is connected to an upper connecting plate 103 fixed to the external frame through an upper connecting member 102. Figure 5 As shown, a pulley 5 201 is provided at the fixed node of the lower outer ring, and the pulley 5 201 is connected to a lower connecting plate 203 fixed to the external frame through a lower connecting member 202.

[0053] like Figure 7As shown, three pulleys are arranged at the free nodes of the inner ring, which are named pulley one 301, pulley two 302 and pulley three 303 respectively. The three pulleys are combined together by a rigid connection structure 304. Pulley one is located in the plane where the first circular ring line is located, and pulley two and pulley three are symmetrical about the plane where the first circular ring line is located.

[0054] The circular rope is sequentially wound around pulley one at the inner ring free node on the first circular ring line; the upper oblique rope is alternately wound around pulley four at the outer ring fixed node on the second circular ring line and pulley two at the inner ring free node on the first circular ring line; pulley four faces the midpoint of a line connecting a pair of adjacent pulleys two connected to it through the upper oblique rope; the lower oblique rope is alternately wound around pulley five at the outer ring fixed node on the third circular ring line and pulley three at the inner ring free node on the first circular ring line; pulley five faces the midpoint of a line connecting a pair of adjacent pulleys three connected to it through the lower oblique rope.

[0055] The working principle of the present invention is: the structure has three cables, each cable includes a length adjustment device for adjusting the cable length, thereby realizing the opening size of the structure, and the opening degree of the entire structure can be controlled by the expansion coefficient to realize the closing and expansion of the cable truss structure, and further realize the closing and expansion of the plate shell structure. Fig.10 As shown, during the closing process, the lengths of the upper and lower oblique cables increase, and the length of the loop cable decreases; during the unfolding process, the lengths of the upper and lower oblique cables decrease, and the length of the loop cable increases.

[0056] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spoke-type retractable roof structure driven by sliding cables, characterized in that: It comprises a cable truss structure and a plate shell structure (7), wherein the cable truss structure comprises three types of connection nodes and three cables; The three types of connection nodes include upper outer ring fixed nodes (1), lower outer ring fixed nodes (2) and inner ring free nodes (3); p inner ring free nodes are evenly distributed along a first circular ring line, p upper outer ring fixed nodes are evenly distributed along a second circular ring line, and p lower outer ring fixed nodes are evenly distributed along a third circular ring line; the first circular ring line, the second circular ring line and the third circular ring line are coaxial, and the upper outer ring fixed nodes and the lower outer ring fixed nodes are symmetrical about the plane where the first circular ring line is located; The three cables include a ring cable (4), an upper oblique cable (5) and a lower oblique cable (6); the ring cable (4) sequentially passes through the inner ring free node (3) on the first circular ring line to form a closed loop with an adjustable length; the upper oblique cable (5) alternately passes through the inner ring free node (3) on the first circular ring line and the upper outer ring fixed node (1) on the second circular ring line to form a closed loop with an adjustable length; the lower oblique cable (6) alternately passes through the inner ring free node (3) on the first circular ring line and the lower outer ring fixed node (2) on the third circular ring line to form a closed loop with an adjustable length; The plate-shell structure (7) is a planar structure composed of p identical isosceles triangle plates slidably spliced ​​together, the vertices of the p isosceles triangle plates are fixed at the inner ring free nodes (3) on the first circular ring line, the bottom edges of the p isosceles triangle plates can move along the straight line where they are located, and the center of the plate-shell structure forms a polygonal opening area during the opening and closing process; By adjusting the lengths of the three cables, the cable truss structure can be closed and unfolded, which further drives the plate shell structure (7) to close and unfold, that is, the spoke-type retractable roof structure to close and unfold.

2. The sliding cable driven spoke type retractable roof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each cable is controlled by an independent cable length adjustment device.

3. The sliding cable driven spoke type retractable roof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radius of the second circular ring line and the third circular ring line is the same and greater than the radius of the first circular ring line.

4. The sliding cable driven spoke type retractable roof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The free node (3) of the inner ring is provided with pulley 1 (301), pulley 2 (302) and pulley 3 (303), wherein pulley 1 is located in the plane where the first circular line is located, and pulley 2 and pulley 3 are symmetrical with respect to the plane where the first circular line is located; a pulley 4 (101) is provided at the fixed node (1) of the upper outer ring, and the upper oblique cable alternately passes through pulley 4 (101) and pulley 2 (302), and pulley 4 (101) is directed toward a pair of adjacent pulleys connected to it through the upper oblique cable The middle point of the line connecting the pulleys 1 (301) and 2 (302) of the pulley 3 (303) is arranged at the fixed node (2) of the lower outer ring, the lower oblique cable passes through the pulley 5 (201) and the pulley 3 (303) alternately, and the pulley 5 (201) faces the middle point of the line connecting a pair of adjacent pulleys 3 (303) connected to it by the lower oblique cable; the pulley 1 (301), the pulley 2 (302) and the pulley 3 (303) are movable pulleys, and the pulley 4 (101) and the pulley 5 (201) are fixed pulleys.

5. The sliding cable driven spoke type retractable roof structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The ring rope (4) passes through the pulleys at the inner ring free nodes (3) on the first circular ring line in sequence to form a closed loop.

6. The sliding cable driven spoke type retractable roof structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper inclined cable (5) is alternately wound around pulley four at the upper outer ring fixed node on the second circular line and pulley two at the inner ring free node on the first circular line to form a closed loop; the lower inclined cable (6) is alternately wound around pulley five at the lower outer ring fixed node on the third circular line and pulley three at the inner ring free node on the first circular line to form a closed loop.

7. The sliding cable driven spoke type retractable roof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: By adjusting the cable length adjustment device of each cable to increase the length of the upper inclined cable (5) and the lower inclined cable (6), the length of the ring cable (4) is shortened, and the cable truss structure is closed; by adjusting the cable length adjustment device of each cable to shorten the length of the upper inclined cable (5) and the lower inclined cable (6), the length of the ring cable (4) is increased, and the cable truss structure is unfolded.

8. The sliding cable driven spoke type retractable roof structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: During the unfolding of the cable truss structure, the plate shell structure (7) gathers toward the center of the first circular ring line, thereby realizing the closing of the spoke-type retractable roof structure; during the unfolding of the cable truss structure, the plate shell structure (7) radiates toward the periphery of the center of the first circular ring line, thereby realizing the unfolding of the spoke-type retractable roof structure.

9. The sliding cable driven spoke type retractable roof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper outer ring fixed node (1) and the lower outer ring fixed node (2) are both fixed on the external frame, the inner side of the external frame is provided with a column slide rail (8), and the bottom edge of each isosceles triangle plate in the plate shell structure (7) is provided with a unit body first slide rail (701), and the unit body first slide rail (701) is slidably connected with the column slide rail (8) on the external frame on the corresponding side. During the unfolding process of the cable truss structure, the unit body first slide rail (701) and the column slide rail (8) produce relative displacement.

10. The sliding cable driven spoke type retractable roof structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The two side edges of each isosceles triangle plate in the plate-shell structure are respectively provided with a unit body second slide rail (702) and a unit body third slide rail (703); the unit body second slide rail (702) of each isosceles triangle plate is slidably connected with the unit body third slide rail (703) of the adjacent isosceles triangle plate to form a plane structure; during the unfolding of the cable truss structure, relative displacement occurs between the adjacent isosceles triangle plates.

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