Microwave and mechanical combined tunneling device and method for hard rock metal mine

Abstract

The invention provides a hard rock metal mine microwave and mechanical combined tunneling device and method.The hard rock metal mine microwave and mechanical combined tunneling device comprises a dynamic microwave radiation system and a static microwave radiation system, and the dynamic microwave radiation system comprises a first microwave generator, a first waveguide and a first microwave radiator; the first microwave generator, the first waveguide and the first microwave radiator are connected in sequence; the static microwave radiation system comprises a second microwave generator, a second waveguide and a second microwave radiator, and the second microwave generator, the second waveguide and the second microwave radiator are connected in sequence; the dynamic microwave radiation system and the static microwave radiation system are arranged on the tunneling device body. The dynamic microwave radiation system and the static microwave radiation system are arranged on the tunneling device body, so that the rock surface is fully fractured under the action of microwave radiation, and the hard rock cutting efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of mining engineering machinery and geotechnical engineering machinery, and specifically relates to a microwave-mechanical combined tunneling device and method for hard rock metal mines. Background Art

[0002] With the depletion of shallow resources, deep mining has become an inevitable trend. Deep metal mining operations involve many intermittent processes, are difficult to automate and intelligentize, and are labor-intensive and intensive, resulting in low production efficiency in deep metal mines. In addition, under deep high ground stress and strong mining disturbances, major disasters such as mine tremors, landslides, and caving occur frequently. Therefore, it is urgent to change the mining process to achieve safe, continuous, and intelligent mining of deep metal mines. Mechanical rock breaking has the advantages of continuous construction, good surrounding rock stability, and low accident rate. In theory, it is a mining method suitable for deep metal mines. However, the existing mechanical excavation of hard rock metal ores has the problem of not being able to cut.

[0003] Existing research has proven the feasibility of microwave cracking of hard rock to improve the efficiency of mechanical rock breaking. At the same time, microwave cracking of hard rock technology has the advantages of volume heating, large destruction depth, green environmental protection, and easy mechanical loading. Considering that the cross-sectional dimensions of the tunnels in most hard rock metal mines are relatively small (for example, the cross-sectional dimensions of the tunnels in some gold mines are only 2-3m), the cantilevered tunnel boring machine is small in size and flexible in mobility and is suitable for carrying microwave rock breaking. However, there is indeed a problem that microwave cracking is insufficient and difficult to match the on-site excavation speed. In order not to affect the progress of on-site construction, it is necessary to achieve rapid and continuous microwave-mechanical operation in a limited space. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a microwave-mechanical combined excavation device and method for hard rock metal mines. Summary of the invention

[0004] Therefore, the present application provides a microwave-mechanical combined tunneling device and method for hard rock metal mines, which at least solves one technical problem existing in the prior art.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the first aspect of the present application provides a hard rock metal mine microwave mechanical combined tunneling device, comprising: A dynamic microwave radiation system, comprising a first microwave generator, a first waveguide and a first microwave radiator, wherein the first microwave generator is connected to the tail end of the first waveguide, the front end of the first waveguide is connected to the first microwave radiator, and the first microwave generator generates microwave energy to radiate the rock surface through the first microwave radiator to fracture the rock; A static microwave radiation system, comprising a second microwave generator, a second waveguide and a second microwave radiator, wherein the second microwave generator is connected to the tail end of the second waveguide, the front end of the second waveguide is connected to the second microwave radiator, the second microwave generator generates microwave energy, and the second microwave radiator radiates the rock surface to cause rock fracture; The excavation device body, the dynamic microwave radiation system and the static microwave radiation system are arranged on the excavation device body, and the static microwave radiation system is arranged higher than the dynamic microwave radiation system, so that the static microwave radiation system and the dynamic microwave radiation system irradiate the rock surface in layers to crack the rock.

[0006] Optionally, the dynamic microwave radiation system further includes a first power distributor, one end of which is connected to the front end of the first waveguide, and the other end of which is connected to the first microwave radiator.

[0007] Optionally, the dynamic microwave radiation system further comprises a first rangefinder and a first impedance automatic regulator, wherein the first rangefinder is arranged on the first power distributor and is used for measuring in real time a first real-time distance between the first microwave radiator and the rock surface; The first impedance automatic adjuster is arranged on the first waveguide, and is used for monitoring the reflection coefficient of microwaves reflected into the dynamic microwave radiation system.

[0008] Optionally, the dynamic microwave radiation system further includes a driving member, the first waveguide is disposed on the driving member, and the driving member is used to drive the first waveguide to move so that the dynamic microwave radiation system maintains a first optimal working distance.

[0009] Optionally, the static microwave radiation system further includes a second power distributor, one end of the second power distributor is connected to the front end of the second waveguide, and the other end is connected to the second microwave radiator.

[0010] Optionally, the static microwave radiation system further comprises a second rangefinder and a second impedance automatic regulator, wherein the second rangefinder is arranged on the second power distributor and is used for measuring in real time a second real-time distance between the second microwave radiator and the rock surface; The second impedance automatic adjuster is arranged on the second waveguide, and the second impedance automatic adjuster is used to monitor the reflection coefficient of the static microwave radiation system.

[0011] Optionally, the static microwave radiation system also includes a robotic arm and a linear slide module, the robotic arm is disposed on the linear slide module, the static microwave radiation system is disposed at the front end of the robotic arm, and the robotic arm can move along the linear slide module so that the static microwave radiation system maintains a second optimal working distance.

[0012] Optionally, the tunneling device body also includes a walking system and a cutting system, and the cutting system, the dynamic microwave radiation system and the static microwave radiation system are respectively arranged on the walking system.

[0013] Optionally, the cutting system includes a cutting arm, a cutter disc and a driven disc cutter, one end of the cutting arm is arranged at the front end of the walking system frame, the other end of the cutting arm is connected to the driving part, the output end of the driving part is connected to the cutter disc, and a plurality of driven disc cutters are circumferentially arranged on the cutter disc.

[0014] The second aspect of the present application provides a method for using a microwave mechanical combined tunneling device for a hard rock metal mine, comprising: Determining a first optimal working distance and a first optimal microwave power of the dynamic microwave radiation system; determining a second optimal working distance and a second optimal microwave power of the static microwave radiation system; Determine the critical fracture linear velocity for rock fracture according to the first optimal working distance and the first optimal microwave power; determine the critical fracture time for rock fracture according to the second optimal working distance and the second optimal microwave power; Without starting the dynamic microwave radiation system and the static microwave radiation system, obtaining the maximum tunnel excavation speed and the rotational linear speed of the driven disc cutter; Comparing the critical fracturing linear velocity with the rotational linear velocity of the driven disc cutter, and judging whether the dynamic microwave radiation system can complete the rock microwave fracturing in time; The ratio of the time required for the cutter head to complete one cutting to the tunnel width is compared with the critical fracturing time to determine whether the static microwave radiation system can complete the rock microwave fracturing in time; The tunnel is cut in layers and the cutting diameter is adjusted to complete the axial advancement of the excavation device along the tunnel.

[0015] Beneficial Effects 1. This application adopts a combination of a dynamic microwave radiation system and a static microwave radiation system, and adopts a layered cutting process mode, wherein the dynamic microwave radiation system connects the first microwave radiator and the first microwave generator through a first waveguide, arranges the first microwave generator on the tunneling device body and fixes it, and the first microwave radiator swings synchronously with the cutting arm of the tunneling device body. The static microwave radiation system arranges the second microwave radiator on the cutter head through a mechanical arm to radiate the rock in a layer, thereby making full use of microwave-induced rock cracking in the narrow space of the tunnel and improving the cutting efficiency; in addition, it also avoids the cutting vibration caused by the second microwave generator of the static microwave radiation system being arranged on the cutting arm affecting the microwave equipment.

[0016] 2. The present application adopts a power divider and a focusing microwave radiator, which can increase the number of microwave output ports and maintain the port power density without reducing the total microwave output energy, and change the previous single-port radiation to multi-port radiation, thereby increasing the cracking area after a single radiation of the microwave radiator to match the cutting range of the blade. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 A side view of the mechanical arm of the tunneling device of the embodiment of the present application when it is retracted; Figure 2 A top view of the mechanical arm of the tunneling device of the embodiment of the present application being retracted; Figure 3 A front view of the mechanical arm of the tunneling device of the embodiment of the present application when it is retracted; Figure 4 A side view of the mechanical arm of the tunneling device of the embodiment of the present application when extended; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a four-port power divider according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cutting arm of an embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a compression radiator according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cutting arm of the embodiment of the present application advancing axially along the tunnel; Fig. 9 This is a tunnel section microwave-disc cutter joint construction process diagram of the embodiment of the present application; Fig.10 This is a flow chart of the tunnel section microwave-disc knife combined process according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0018] The reference numerals are: 101-first microwave generator; 102-first waveguide; 103-first microwave radiator; 104-first power distributor; 105-first impedance automatic regulator; 106-first microwave power supply; 1031- air waveguide; 1032- air transition section; 1033- filling transition section; 1034- microwave output end; 1041 - first microwave input port; 1042 - first microwave output port; 201 - second microwave generator; 202 - second waveguide; 203 - second microwave radiator; 204 - second power distributor; 205 - second impedance automatic regulator; 206 - second microwave power supply; 2041 - second microwave input port; 2042 - second microwave output port; 3- Walking system; 4-Robotic arm; 501-cutting arm; 502-cutter disc; 503-driven disc cutter; 504-pitch cylinder; 505-driving unit; 5011-the first rotation joint; 5012-the second rotation joint. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0020] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0021] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0022] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0023] See also Figures 1 to 7 As shown, according to an embodiment of the present application, a first aspect provides a hard rock metal mine microwave mechanical combined tunneling device, comprising: The dynamic microwave radiation system comprises a first microwave generator 101, a first waveguide 102 and a first microwave radiator 103. The first microwave generator 101 is connected to the tail end of the first waveguide 102, and the front end of the first waveguide 102 is connected to the first microwave radiator 103. The first microwave generator 101 generates microwave energy to radiate the rock surface through the first microwave radiator 103 to fracture the rock. The static microwave radiation system includes a second microwave generator 201, a second waveguide 202 and a second microwave radiator 203. The second microwave generator 201 is connected to the tail end of the second waveguide 202, and the front end of the second waveguide 202 is connected to the second microwave radiator 203. The second microwave generator 201 generates microwave energy, which is radiated to the rock surface by the second microwave radiator 203 to cause rock fracture. The excavation device body, the dynamic microwave radiation system and the static microwave radiation system are arranged on the excavation device body, and the static microwave radiation system is arranged higher than the dynamic microwave radiation system so that the static microwave radiation system radiates and the dynamic microwave radiation system radiates the rock surface in layers to crack the rock.

[0024] The dynamic microwave radiation system is combined with the static microwave radiation system, and a layered cutting process mode is adopted, wherein the dynamic microwave radiation system connects the first microwave radiator 103 and the first microwave generator 101 through the first waveguide 102, and the first microwave generator 101 is arranged on the tunneling device body and fixed, and the first microwave radiator 103 swings synchronously with the cutting arm 501 of the tunneling device body. The static microwave radiation system arranges the second microwave radiator 203 on the cutter head 502 through the mechanical arm 4 to radiate the rock in a layer, so as to make full use of microwave cracking rock in the narrow space of the tunnel and improve the cutting efficiency; in addition, it also avoids the cutting vibration caused by the second microwave generator 201 of the static microwave radiation system being arranged on the cutting arm 501 to affect the microwave equipment.

[0025] Among them, the maximum microwave power of the dynamic microwave radiation system is 30kW and the frequency is 2.45GHz.

[0026] The maximum power of the static microwave radiation system is 100kW and the frequency is 0.915GHz.

[0027] Among them, the static microwave radiation system is arranged higher than the dynamic microwave radiation system, that is, when in use, the static microwave radiation system is above the dynamic microwave radiation system. Assuming that the dynamic microwave radiation system is located on the first floor, then the static microwave radiation system is located on the second floor adjacent to the dynamic microwave radiation system. Here, the first floor refers to the floor close to the ground of the tunnel; the first and second floors are relative here. For the convenience of explanation, the first floor can also be referred to as the next floor, and the second floor as the previous floor.

[0028] Since the first waveguide 102 needs to swing along with the excavation device body, the first waveguide 102 is a rectangular soft waveguide. The second waveguide 202 does not need to swing, so the second waveguide 202 is a rectangular hard waveguide.

[0029] The dynamic microwave radiation system further includes a first microwave power supply 106, which is connected to the first microwave generator 101 and is used to supply power to the dynamic microwave radiation system; The static microwave radiation system further comprises a second microwave power supply 206, which is connected to the second microwave generator 201 and is used to supply power to the static microwave radiation system; the two systems are each powered by an independent power supply to facilitate separate repair and maintenance.

[0030] The first microwave radiator 103 includes an air waveguide 1031, an air transition section 1032, a filling transition section 1033 and a microwave output terminal 1034. The air waveguide 1031, the air transition section 1032, the filling transition section 1033 and the microwave output terminal 1034 are sequentially connected to form a radiator; the filling transition section 1033 and the microwave output terminal 1034 adopt a dielectric filling method to realize the transmission of microwaves from a large-sized cross section to a small-sized cross section. The structure of the second microwave radiator 203 is the same as that of the first microwave radiator 103, and will not be repeated here.

[0031] The dynamic microwave radiation system further includes a first power distributor 104 , one end of which is connected to the front end of the first waveguide 102 , and the other end of which is connected to the first microwave radiator 103 .

[0032] The first power distributor 104 is a three-port power distributor, including a first microwave input port 1041 and three first microwave output ports 1042 . The first microwave input port 1041 is connected to the front end of the first waveguide 102 , and the three first microwave output ports 1042 are respectively connected to the corresponding first microwave radiators 103 .

[0033] Specifically, the three first microwave output ports 1042 are arranged in a straight line along the vertical direction.

[0034] The first microwave radiator 103 adopts a compression type radiator, so that under the condition of the same total microwave output energy, the number of first microwave output ports 1042 increases and the power density of the first microwave output ports 1042 does not decrease, thereby increasing the microwave cracking area after a single irradiation of the first microwave radiator 103.

[0035] The dynamic microwave radiation system further includes a rangefinder and a first impedance automatic regulator 105, wherein the rangefinder is arranged on the first power distributor 104 and is used to measure in real time a first real-time distance between the first microwave radiator 103 and the rock surface; The first impedance automatic adjuster 105 is disposed on the first waveguide 102 , and is used to monitor the reflection coefficient of the microwaves reflected into the dynamic microwave radiation system.

[0036] The first real-time distance is fed back by the rangefinder, so that the first waveguide 102 is pushed and pulled by the driving member, thereby driving the first microwave radiator 103 to move, so as to ensure that the first microwave radiator 103 always maintains an optimal working distance with the rock surface, thereby improving the rock fracturing efficiency.

[0037] The first automatic impedance adjuster 105 is disposed on the first waveguide 102 , that is, the first automatic impedance adjuster 105 is arranged close to the front end of the first waveguide 102 , so as to further improve the monitoring accuracy of the first automatic impedance adjuster 105 .

[0038] The dynamic microwave radiation system also includes a driving member, and the first waveguide 102 is arranged on the driving member. The driving member is used to drive the first waveguide 102 to move, so as to adjust the dynamic microwave radiation system to maintain a first optimal working distance with the rock surface.

[0039] Among them, the driving component is a linear motor installed on the tunneling device body. The driving component can push and pull the first waveguide 102 to adjust the dynamic microwave radiation system to maintain a first optimal working distance with the rock surface, that is, to adjust the first microwave radiator 103 to maintain a first optimal working distance with the rock surface, so that the rock can be fully radiated and fractured.

[0040] The static microwave radiation system further includes a second power distributor 204 , one end of which is connected to the front end of the second waveguide 202 , and the other end of which is connected to the second microwave radiator 203 .

[0041] The second power distributor 204 is a four-port power distributor, including a second microwave input port 2041 and four second microwave output ports 2042 . The second microwave input port 2041 is connected to the front end of the second waveguide 202 , and the four second microwave output ports 2042 are respectively connected to the corresponding second microwave radiators 203 .

[0042] Specifically, the four second microwave output ports 2042 are distributed in a field shape, that is, the center lines of the four second microwave output ports 2042 can form a rectangle, wherein the interval between two adjacent second microwave output ports 2042 located on the same straight line is 50 cm.

[0043] Specifically, the second microwave radiator 203 adopts a compression type radiator, and the number is 4. Therefore, under the condition of the same total microwave output energy, the number of second microwave output ports 2042 is increased and the power density of the second microwave output ports 2042 is not reduced, and the previous single-port radiation is changed to multi-port radiation, thereby increasing the microwave cracking area after a single radiation of the second microwave radiator 203 to match the cutting range of the blade 502.

[0044] The static microwave radiation system further includes a second rangefinder and a second impedance automatic regulator 205, wherein the second rangefinder is arranged on the second power distributor 204 and is used for measuring in real time the second real-time distance between the second microwave radiator 203 and the rock surface; The second impedance automatic adjuster 205 is disposed on the second waveguide 202 , and is used to monitor the reflection coefficient of the microwaves reflected into the static microwave radiation system.

[0045] Among them, the first real-time distance is fed back by the second rangefinder, so as to drive the second microwave radiator 203 to move through the mechanical arm 4, so as to ensure that the static microwave radiation system always maintains the best working distance with the rock surface, that is, to ensure that the second microwave radiator 203 always maintains the best working distance with the rock surface, thereby improving the rock fracturing efficiency.

[0046] The second automatic impedance adjuster 205 is disposed on the second waveguide 202 , that is, the second automatic impedance adjuster 205 is arranged close to the front end of the second waveguide 202 , so as to further improve the monitoring accuracy of the second automatic impedance adjuster 205 .

[0047] The microwave radiation system also includes a robotic arm 4 and a linear slide module. The robotic arm 4 is arranged on the linear slide module, and the static microwave radiation system is arranged at the front end of the robotic arm 4. The robotic arm 4 can move along the linear slide module to enable the static microwave radiation system to maintain the second optimal working distance.

[0048] Among them, the robot arm 4 can adjust the height position with the static microwave radiation system, and the linear slide module can drive the robot arm 4 to move.

[0049] Specifically, a mounting platform is provided at the front end of the mechanical arm 4, and the static microwave radiation system is arranged on the mounting platform, and the static microwave radiation system is moved to a designated microwave radiation point position by the mechanical arm 4. The second microwave power supply 206 of the static microwave radiation system is arranged on the frame of the walking mechanism 3 and is fixed.

[0050] The tunneling device body also includes a traveling system 3 and a cutting system. The cutting system, the dynamic microwave radiation system and the static microwave radiation system are respectively arranged on the traveling system 3.

[0051] The dynamic microwave radiation system is arranged along the cutting system, and the static microwave radiation system is set on the top of the frame of the walking system 3 through the mechanical arm 4 and the linear slide rail module.

[0052] Compared with the existing excavation devices, the excavation device of the present application can improve the efficiency of hard rock cutting and reduce the wear of the cutter. At the same time, due to the side arc feeding method, the required recoil force is smaller.

[0053] The dynamic microwave radiation system is arranged along the cutting system, that is, the first flexible waveguide 102 is arranged on the cutting system, while the first microwave power supply 106 and the first microwave generator 101 are fixed on the frame of the walking system 3 and are immovable.

[0054] Among them, the traveling system 3 is a crawler-type traveling system, which drives the tunneling device as a whole to move forward along the axial direction of the tunnel.

[0055] Among them, the tunneling device body also includes an electronic control system and a slag discharge system. The electronic control system is arranged on the frame of the walking system 3. The output end of the electronic control system is connected to the cutting system, the microwave radiation system and the slag discharge system, which is used to set the working parameters of the tunneling machine and control the walking, cutting and other operations of the tunneling device; the slag discharge system is arranged at the front end of the frame of the walking system 3 and is located below the cutting system. The slag discharge system is used to transfer the ore cut by the cutting system to the rear end of the tunneling device body.

[0056] The cutting system includes a cutting arm 501, a cutter disc 502 and a driven disc cutter 503. One end of the cutting arm 501 is arranged at the front end of the frame of the walking system 3, and the other end of the cutting arm 501 is connected to the driving part 505. The output end of the driving part 505 is connected to the cutter disc 502. Multiple driven disc cutters 503 are arranged on the cutter disc 502 along the circumferential direction.

[0057] The plurality of driven disc cutters 503 are circumferentially arranged on the cutter disc 502 , and the diameter of the large circle formed by the outer edges of the plurality of driven disc cutters 503 is greater than the diameter of the cutter disc 502 .

[0058] Specifically, a plurality of driven disc cutters 503 are circumferentially arranged on the cutter disc 502. In the present application, the driven disc cutters 503 are evenly arranged circumferentially on the cutter disc 502, wherein the number of driven disc cutters 503 is seven. In other embodiments, it can be adjusted according to specific construction conditions.

[0059] Specifically, a slide is provided on the top of the cutting arm 501, the first waveguide 102 is at least partially arranged in the slide, the driving member is arranged inside the cutting arm 501, and the output end is connected to the first waveguide 102, so that it can slide along the slide under the drive of the driving member, and can also swing with the cutting arm 501, that is, the first waveguide 102 moves together with the cutting arm 501.

[0060] More specifically, the cutting arm 501 includes at least two levels of rotating joints. In the present embodiment, they are a first rotating joint 5011 and a second rotating joint 5012. The first rotating joint 5011 and the second rotating joint 5012 are rotatably connected. The second rotating joint 5012 is installed at the front end of the walking system 3 frame. The first rotating joint 5011 is connected to the driving unit 505. The cutting diameter is adjusted by the swing of the first rotating joint 5011 and the second rotating joint 5012, so that it can be suitable for cutting of lanes of different sizes.

[0061] Among them, the cutting system also includes a pitch cylinder 504, one end of the pitch cylinder 504 is connected to the cutting arm 501, and the other end is connected to the front end of the frame of the walking system 3. The pitch cylinder 504 controls the lifting and lowering of the cutting arm 501, that is, the height adjustment.

[0062] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cutting arm advancing along the axial direction of the tunnel in the embodiment of the present application, wherein the first cutter, the second cutter, the third cutter and the fourth cutter are shown from left to right; Fig. 9 This is a microwave-disc cutter joint construction process diagram of a tunnel section in an embodiment of the present application, wherein the first layer, the second layer and the third layer of layered cutting and microwave radiation are sequentially shown from bottom to top; like Figures 8 to 10 As shown, the second aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides a method for using a microwave-mechanical combined tunneling device for hard rock metal mines, wherein tunneling is performed using the tunneling device, and the method comprises the following steps: Step S1, determining a first optimal working distance and a first optimal microwave power of a dynamic microwave radiation system; determining a second optimal working distance and a second optimal microwave power of a static microwave radiation system; A dynamic microwave radiation system is used to perform dynamic microwave radiation on the rock at different first working distances and different first microwave powers; Among them, the dynamic microwave radiation under different first microwave powers is based on the premise that the same speed must be fixed; Monitor the first temperature gradient of the rock according to the first infrared imager on the dynamic microwave radiation system; monitor the first reflection coefficient reflected to the dynamic microwave radiation system according to the first impedance automatic regulator 105 on the dynamic microwave radiation system; set the upper limit R of the first reflection coefficient 1 , without exceeding the first reflection coefficient upper limit R1 Under the condition of, determining the first optimal working distance and the first optimal microwave power of the dynamic microwave radiation system; The first optimal working distance and the first optimal microwave power are the first working distance and the first microwave power when the first temperature gradient is the largest; A static microwave radiation system is used to perform fixed-point microwave radiation on rocks at different second working distances and different second microwave powers; Among them, the fixed-point microwave radiation under different second microwave powers is based on the premise that the same irradiation time is required; The second temperature gradient of the rock is monitored by the second infrared imager on the static microwave radiation system; the second reflection coefficient reflected on the static microwave radiation system is monitored by the second impedance automatic regulator 205 on the static microwave radiation system; and the upper limit R of the second reflection coefficient is set. 2 , without exceeding the second reflection coefficient upper limit R 2 Under the condition of, determining the second optimal working distance and the second optimal microwave power of the static microwave radiation system; The optimal working distance and the optimal microwave power are the second working distance and the second microwave power when the second temperature gradient is the largest.

[0063] Step S2, determining the critical fracture linear velocity for rock fracture according to the first optimal working distance and the first optimal microwave power; determining the critical fracture time for rock fracture according to the second optimal working distance and the second optimal microwave power; According to the first optimal working distance and the first optimal microwave power of the dynamic microwave radiation system, the dynamic microwave radiation system is used to perform dynamic microwave radiation on the rock at different rotation speeds to determine the critical fracture linear velocity V of the rock. 0 ; According to the optimal working distance and optimal microwave power of the static microwave radiation system, the static microwave radiation system is used to perform fixed-point microwave radiation on the rock at different radiation times to determine the critical fracture time T of the rock. 0 .

[0064] Step S3, obtaining the maximum tunneling speed and the rotational linear speed of the driven disc cutter 503 without starting the dynamic microwave radiation system and the static microwave radiation system; When the dynamic microwave radiation system and the static microwave radiation system are not turned on, the upper limit of thrust N is fixed, and different single feed depths H and rotational linear speeds V of the driven disc cutter 503 are used. 1 The tunnel is excavated to obtain the maximum tunnel excavation speed and the rotational linear speed V of the driven disc cutter 503 under the condition of not exceeding the thrust upper limit N. 1 .

[0065] Step S4, comparing the critical fracturing linear velocity and the rotational linear velocity of the driven disc cutter 503 to determine whether the dynamic microwave radiation system can complete the rock microwave fracturing in time; If the critical fracture velocity V 0 >The rotational speed V of the driven disc cutter 503 1 , indicating that the dynamic microwave radiation system can fracture the rock in time during the rotation of the cutting arm 501, and therefore, there is no need to adjust the number of the first microwave output ports 1042 of the first power distributor 104 of the dynamic microwave radiation system; If the critical fracture velocity V 0 <The rotational speed V of the driven disc cutter 503 1 , indicating that the dynamic microwave radiation coefficient cannot fracture the rock in time during the rotation of the cutting arm 501, and it is necessary to close 1 to 2 first microwave output ports 1042 of the first power distributor 104 of the dynamic microwave radiation system, so as to further improve the power density of each microwave output port.

[0066] Step S5, comparing the ratio of the time required for the cutter head 502 to complete one cutting to the tunnel width with the critical fracturing time, to determine whether the static microwave radiation system can complete the rock microwave fracturing in time; The cutter head 502 is used to cut the next layer, and the static microwave radiation system performs static microwave radiation on the previous layer; the time T required for the cutter head 502 to rotate from one side of the tunnel section to the other side to complete one cutting is recorded. 1 , if T 1 / d>T 0 , indicating that the cutter head 502 can complete the rock microwave fracturing in the previous layer in time within the time of completing one cutting of the next layer, and it is not necessary to close the second microwave output port 2042 of the second power distributor 204 of the static microwave radiation system; if T 1 / d<T 0 , indicating that the cutter head 502 cannot complete the rock microwave fracturing in the previous layer in time within the time it takes for the next layer to be cut once, and it is necessary to close the two second microwave output ports 2042 on one of the diagonal lines of the second power distributor 204.

[0067] Step S6, cutting the tunnel in layers and adjusting the cutting diameter to complete the advancement of the excavation device along the axial direction of the tunnel; The tunnel is cut in layers, the cutterhead 502 is moved to the leftmost end of the first layer, and the mechanical arm 4 is used to move the static microwave radiation system to the rightmost end of the second layer; the cutting system and the microwave radiation system are started, and the first microwave radiator 103 of the dynamic microwave radiation system swings synchronously with the cutterhead 502 to cut the rock of the first layer; the static microwave radiation system performs fixed-point microwave radiation on the second layer of rock, and after completing the rock fracture in this area, the mechanical arm 4 drives the static microwave radiation system to move upward to the next radiation area; after the first layer is cut, the cutterhead 502 and the dynamic microwave radiation system move upward together by one layer (that is, the second layer); when the static microwave radiation system completes the fracture of the topmost layer of rock, the static microwave radiation system is turned off, and the mechanical arm 4 is retracted to retract the static microwave radiation system to the top of the frame of the walking system 3; when the cutterhead 502 completes the cutting of the entire cross-section of the tunnel once, the cutting diameter is adjusted by the alternating rotation of the first rotating joint 5011 and the second rotating joint 5012 of the cutting arm 501, thereby completing the advancement of the excavation device along the axial direction of the tunnel.

[0068] The process mode of layered cutting is adopted, in which the dynamic microwave radiation system swings synchronously with the tunneling device in the next layer, radiating the rock while cutting the rock. Among them, the static microwave radiation system is higher than the dynamic microwave radiation system, and the microwave radiation of the rock is fixed at the previous layer, so that the microwave is fully utilized to crack the rock in the narrow space of the tunnel, so that the rock is fully cracked and the cutting efficiency is improved.

[0069] It is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that, under the premise of no conflict, the above-mentioned advantageous methods can be freely combined and superimposed.

[0070] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application. The above are only preferred implementations of the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and variations can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present application, and these improvements and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A microwave-mechanical combined tunneling device for hard rock metal mines, characterized in that: include: A dynamic microwave radiation system, comprising a first microwave generator (101), a first waveguide (102) and a first microwave radiator (103), wherein the first microwave generator (101) is connected to the tail end of the first waveguide (102), the front end of the first waveguide (102) is connected to the first microwave radiator (103), and the first microwave generator (101) generates microwave energy to radiate the rock surface through the first microwave radiator (103) to cause rock fracture; A static microwave radiation system, the static microwave radiation system comprising a second microwave generator (201), a second waveguide (202) and a second microwave radiator (203), the second microwave generator (201) being connected to the tail end of the second waveguide (202), the front end of the second waveguide (202) being connected to the second microwave radiator (203), the second microwave generator (201) generating microwave energy, and radiating the rock surface through the second microwave radiator (203) to cause rock fracture; The excavation device body, the dynamic microwave radiation system and the static microwave radiation system are arranged on the excavation device body, and the static microwave radiation system is arranged higher than the dynamic microwave radiation system, so that the static microwave radiation system and the dynamic microwave radiation system irradiate the rock surface in layers to crack the rock.

2. The microwave-mechanical combined tunneling device for hard rock metal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dynamic microwave radiation system further comprises a first power distributor (104), one end of the first power distributor (104) being connected to the front end of the first waveguide (102), and the other end of the first power distributor (104) being connected to the first microwave radiator (103).

3. The microwave-mechanical combined tunneling device for hard rock metal mines according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dynamic microwave radiation system further comprises a first distance meter and a first impedance automatic regulator (105), wherein the first distance meter is arranged on the first power distributor (104) and is used for measuring in real time a first real-time distance between the first microwave radiator (103) and the rock surface; The first impedance automatic adjuster (105) is arranged on the first waveguide (102), and the first impedance automatic adjuster (105) is used to monitor the reflection coefficient of microwaves reflected into the dynamic microwave radiation system.

4. The microwave-mechanical combined tunneling device for hard rock metal mines according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The dynamic microwave radiation system further comprises a driving member, the first waveguide (102) being arranged on the driving member, and the driving member being used to drive the first waveguide (102) to move so that the dynamic microwave radiation system maintains a first optimal working distance.

5. The microwave-mechanical combined tunneling device for hard rock metal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The static microwave radiation system further comprises a second power distributor (204), one end of the second power distributor (204) being connected to the front end of the second waveguide (202), and the other end of the second power distributor (204) being connected to the second microwave radiator (203).

6. The microwave-mechanical combined tunneling device for hard rock metal mines according to claim 5, characterized in that: The static microwave radiation system further comprises a second rangefinder and a second impedance automatic regulator (205), wherein the second rangefinder is arranged on the second power distributor (204) and is used for measuring in real time a second real-time distance between the second microwave radiator (203) and the rock surface; The second impedance automatic adjuster (205) is arranged on the second waveguide (202), and the second impedance automatic adjuster (205) is used to monitor the reflection coefficient of the static microwave radiation system.

7. The microwave-mechanical combined tunneling device for hard rock metal mines according to claim 6, characterized in that: The static microwave radiation system further comprises a mechanical arm (4) and a linear slide module, wherein the mechanical arm (4) is arranged on the linear slide module, and the static microwave radiation system is arranged at the front end of the mechanical arm (4), and the mechanical arm (4) is capable of moving along the linear slide module so that the static microwave radiation system maintains a second optimal working distance.

8. The microwave-mechanical combined tunneling device for hard rock metal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tunneling device body also includes a walking system (3) and a cutting system, and the cutting system, the dynamic microwave radiation system and the static microwave radiation system are respectively arranged on the walking system (3).

9. The microwave-mechanical combined tunneling device for hard rock metal mines according to claim 8, characterized in that: The cutting system comprises a cutting arm (501), a cutter disc (502) and a driven cutter disc (503); one end of the cutting arm (501) is arranged at the front end of a frame of the walking system (3); the other end of the cutting arm (501) is connected to a driving unit (505); the output end of the driving unit (505) is connected to the cutter disc (502); and a plurality of driven cutters disc (503) are arranged on the cutter disc (502) along a circumferential direction.

10. A method for using a microwave-mechanical combined tunneling device for hard rock metal mines, characterized in that: The excavation device according to claim 9 is used for excavation, and the method of using the excavation device comprises: Determining a first optimal working distance and a first optimal microwave power of the dynamic microwave radiation system; determining a second optimal working distance and a second optimal microwave power of the static microwave radiation system; Determine the critical fracture linear velocity for rock fracture according to the first optimal working distance and the first optimal microwave power; determine the critical fracture time for rock fracture according to the second optimal working distance and the second optimal microwave power; Without turning on the dynamic microwave radiation system and the static microwave radiation system, obtaining the maximum tunnel excavation speed and the rotational linear speed of the driven disc cutter (503); Comparing the critical fracturing linear velocity with the rotational linear velocity of the driven disc cutter (503), and judging whether the dynamic microwave radiation system can complete the rock microwave fracturing in time; The ratio of the time required for the cutter head (502) to complete one cutting to the tunnel width is compared with the critical fracturing time to determine whether the static microwave radiation system can complete the rock microwave fracturing in time; The tunnel is cut in layers and the cutting diameter is adjusted to complete the axial advancement of the excavation device along the tunnel.

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