A mining method and equipment for a two-step pillar recovery and impoverishment reduction process using a staged subsequent filling method

Abstract

The invention discloses a mining method and equipment for a two-step pillar recovery and impoverishment reduction process of a staged post-filling method, and belongs to the field of mining technology. A mining equipment for a two-step pillar recovery and impoverishment reduction process of a staged post-filling method includes anchor rods inserted into the sides of a rock drilling chamber, and also includes: a chain link fence, one end of the chain link fence is connected to the anchor rod, and the end of the chain link fence away from the anchor rod is connected to a counterweight, and the chain link fence is movably against the inner wall of the rock drilling chamber; a tray, the tray is sleeved on the anchor rod, and the tray is placed between the limit plate at the end of the anchor rod and the chain link fence; and a wall-attaching mechanism, the wall-attaching mechanism is arranged on the anchor rod, and is used to attach the chain link fence to the inner wall of the rock drilling chamber; the invention fixes the chain link fence by the anchor rod, so that the chain link fence fits with the side wall of the goaf, thereby strengthening the structural strength of the filling body on both wings of the large-sized goaf, ensuring the stability of the filling body when recovering the pillars, and reducing the impoverishment rate without significantly increasing the labor intensity and cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of mining technology, and in particular to a mining method and equipment for a two-step pillar recovery and impoverishment reduction process using a staged post-filling method. Background Art

[0002] The post-stage backfill mining method is mainly suitable for underground mining of inclined-steeply inclined, thick and relatively continuous ore bodies. It has the characteristics of large production capacity, safety and high efficiency, and has been promoted and used in many mines at home and abroad. Some mines carry out backfilling in the same middle section according to the order of "mining one by one", leaving pillars between the empty areas to maintain the roof. Before mining the pillars, it is necessary to fill the large-sized goaf formed by one step of mining. However, in the actual mining process, the strength and stability of the filling body are difficult to guarantee, resulting in the filling body being mixed into the ore blast pile during the mining of the pillars. On the basis of causing ore depletion, it also poses a severe challenge to safe production.

[0003] At present, there are few solutions to the problems of filling body collapse in the two-step pillar mining process. The main method is to use reserved retaining walls to reduce the risk of filling body collapse. However, the thickness of the retaining wall is difficult to calculate. Too much thickness is likely to cause resource loss, while too little thickness cannot guarantee the retaining wall effect. In addition, the use of retaining walls relies heavily on precise blasting, which undoubtedly adds a lot of costs to the production of mines. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art and to propose a mining method and equipment for a two-step pillar recovery and impoverishment reduction process using a staged post-filling method.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A mining device for a two-step pillar recovery and impoverishment reduction process using a staged post-filling method, comprising anchor rods plugged into two sides of a rock drilling chamber, and also comprising:

[0007] A chain link fence, one end of which is connected to an anchor rod, and one end of which is away from the anchor rod is connected to a counterweight, and the chain link fence is movably opposed to the inner wall of the rock drilling chamber;

[0008] A tray, wherein the tray is sleeved on the anchor rod and the tray is placed between the stop plate at the end of the anchor rod and the chain link fence; and

[0009] A wall-attaching mechanism, which is arranged on the anchor rod and is used to attach the chain link fence to the inner wall of the rock drilling chamber;

[0010] The wall-adhering mechanism comprises a connecting plate connected to the anchor rod and a swinging plate rotatably connected to the connecting plate, a first rotating shaft is arranged between the connecting plate and the swinging plate, and a first torsion spring for driving the swinging plate to reset and rotate is arranged on the first rotating shaft.

[0011] Preferably, the swing plate includes a plurality of mutually connected swing bars, a second rotating shaft is arranged between two adjacent swing bars, a second rotating shaft is sleeved with a second torsion spring for driving the swing bar to reset and rotate, and the swing bar and the chain link fence are movably opposed to each other.

[0012] Preferably, ratchets are provided on the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft, and limiting structures engaged with the ratchets are provided on the connecting plate and the swing bar.

[0013] Preferably, the limiting structure includes a limiting seat, in which a blocking rod engaged with the ratchet is rotatably connected, the blocking rod is rotatably connected to the limiting seat via a pin shaft, and a third torsion spring for driving the blocking rod to reset and rotate is sleeved on the pin shaft.

[0014] Preferably, the connecting plate and the swing bar are both provided with a first sliding groove, a first slider fixedly connected to the limit seat is slidably connected in the first sliding groove, a first elastic element is arranged between the first slider and the inner wall of the first sliding groove, the connecting plate and the swing bar are both provided with a second sliding groove, a second slider is slidably connected in the second sliding groove, a second elastic element is arranged between the second slider and the inner wall of the second sliding groove, and the second slider is fixed with a baffle that resists the movement of the limit seat.

[0015] Preferably, a third sliding groove is provided on the connecting plate and the swing bar, a third slider is slidably connected in the third sliding groove, a third elastic element is arranged between the third slider and the inner wall of the third sliding groove, the third slider is fixed with a push plate which is movably abutted against the baffle plate, a matching extrusion slope is provided between the push plate and the baffle plate, and two adjacent push plates are movably abutted against each other.

[0016] Preferably, a cavity for sliding of the connecting plate is provided in the anchor rod, a limiting groove is provided in the cavity, and a limiting block connected to the connecting plate is slidably connected in the limiting groove.

[0017] Preferably, it further comprises an inserting plate, the anchor rod and the connecting plate are both provided with inserting holes matched with the inserting plate, and a wedge-shaped block which is movably opposed to the inserting plate is provided on the pushing plate in the connecting plate.

[0018] Preferably, the diameter of the anchor rod is set to 20 mm to 30 mm, the length of the anchor rod is set to 1.8 m, the chain link fence adopts a diamond hexagonal net, the mesh size of the chain link fence is 100 mm×100 mm, and its diameter is set to 2.8 mm.

[0019] The present invention also discloses a mining method of a two-step pillar recovery and impoverishment reduction process of a staged subsequent filling method, and a mining device using the two-step pillar recovery and impoverishment reduction process of a staged subsequent filling method comprises the following steps:

[0020] S1: Drive the anchor rods into the sides of the rock drilling chamber. The anchor rods should be exposed about 20 cm. Hang one end of the rolled chain link fence on the anchor rod and fix it with a tray. Connect the other end with a thin rope to a counterweight.

[0021] S2: The chain link fence is deployed along the side wall of the goaf under the action of its own weight and counterweight, and the hanging direction of the chain link fence is inwardly attached to the side wall of the goaf;

[0022] S3: Then the swing plate is pulled out of the anchor rod, so that the connecting plate moves to the end of the anchor rod, and the plug plate is used to plug into the sockets of multiple anchor rods at the same time. When the plug plate is plugged into the sockets, the wedge block on the push plate is pushed, and the wedge block pushes the push plate to move inward of the anchor rod. After the push plate on the connecting plate moves to the right, the push plate on the swing bar connected to it is no longer squeezed, and will be reset and moved horizontally under the elastic force of the third elastic element, so that the push plate on the lower side of each swing bar is no longer placed under another swing bar, and the push plate is released. The rotation restriction of the swing bar;

[0023] S4: When the push plate moves horizontally, it squeezes the baffle plate by squeezing the inclined surface, so that the baffle plate moves up and pushes the limit seat, so that the limit seat moves away from the anchor rod, and the baffle rod on the limit seat is plugged into the ratchet teeth of the ratchet wheel to limit the rotation direction of the ratchet wheel;

[0024] S5: At this time, the unrestricted swing bar is reset and flipped under the action of the first torsion spring and the second torsion spring, and the swing bar is pressed against the side wall of the goaf. Each swing bar applies a thrust to the chain link fence, so that the position where the chain link fence and the swing bar abut are tightly pressed against the side wall of the goaf.

[0025] S6: Finally, the backfill is used to fill the goaf, and blasting, mining of the pillars and mining operations are started.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a mining method and equipment for a two-step pillar recovery and impoverishment reduction process using a staged post-filling method, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] 1. The mining method and equipment of the second-step pillar mining and impoverishment reduction process of the subsequent filling method in this stage use anchor rods to fix the chain link fence so that the chain link fence fits the side walls of the goaf, thereby strengthening the structural strength of the filling body on both wings of the large-sized goaf, ensuring the stability of the filling body when mining pillars, and reducing the impoverishment rate without significantly increasing labor intensity and cost. The process and method proposed in this application do not need to be carried out under the goaf, which can protect the safety of the staff to the greatest extent.

[0028] 2. The mining method and equipment of the second step of the pillar recovery and poverty reduction process of the subsequent filling method in this stage utilizes the swing bars of the wall-sticking mechanism to abut against the chain link fence, so that the positions where the chain link fence is abutted by the swing bars are tightly against the side walls of the goaf, avoiding the bottom of the chain link fence from falling only due to the gravity of the counterweight, resulting in more gaps between the chain link fence and the side walls of the goaf, affecting the subsequent filling effect of the goaf, thereby effectively improving the structural strength of the filling body.

[0029] 3. The mining method and equipment of the second-step pillar recovery and poverty reduction process of the subsequent backfilling method in this stage, by pushing the swing bars through the push plate, it is convenient for the push plate to push another swing bar and the limiting structure to release the rotation restriction of the swing bar, so that multiple swing bars are distributed in a straight line, which is convenient for the placement and transportation of the swing plate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the anchor rod and the wall-attaching mechanism of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the anchor rod and the wall-attaching mechanism of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 A partial enlarged structural diagram of the middle part;

[0033] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the partially enlarged structure of the middle B part;

[0034] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the connecting plate of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the swing bar of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the plug board and the wedge block of the present invention when they are butted together;

[0037] Figure 8 It is a front view of the chain link fence of the present invention when in use;

[0038] Fig. 9 A side view of the chain link fence of the present invention when in use;

[0039] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the chain link fence of the present invention when it is in use;

[0040] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the filling body of the present invention when filling the goaf.

[0041] In the figure: 1, anchor rod; 101, cavity; 102, limit groove; 103, limit block; 2, chain link fence; 3, tray; 4, connecting plate; 5, swing plate; 501, swing bar; 6, first rotating shaft; 601, first torsion spring; 7, second rotating shaft; 701, second torsion spring; 8, ratchet; 9, limit seat; 901, stop rod; 10, first slide groove; 1001, first slider; 1002, first elastic element; 11, second slide groove; 111, second slider; 112, second elastic element; 113, baffle; 12, third slide groove; 121, third slider; 122, third elastic element; 123, push plate; 1231, wedge block; 13, plug plate; 131, socket; 14, pillar body; 15, filling body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0043] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0044] Example 1: Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 8 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10 and Fig.11 A mining device for a two-step pillar recovery and impoverishment reduction process of a staged post-filling method, comprising an anchor rod 1 plugged into the sides of a rock drilling chamber, characterized in that it also includes:

[0045] A chain link fence 2, one end of which is connected to the anchor rod 1, and a counterweight is connected to the end of the chain link fence 2 away from the anchor rod 1, so that the chain link fence 2 is movably opposed to the inner wall of the rock drilling chamber;

[0046] A tray 3, wherein the tray 3 is sleeved on the anchor rod 1, and the tray 3 is placed between the stop plate at the end of the anchor rod 1 and the chain link fence 2; and

[0047] A wall-attaching mechanism, which is arranged on the anchor rod 1 and is used to attach the chain link fence 2 to the inner wall of the rock drilling chamber;

[0048] The wall-adhering mechanism includes a connecting plate 4 connected to the anchor rod 1 and a swinging plate 5 rotatably connected to the connecting plate 4 , a first rotating shaft 6 is arranged between the connecting plate 4 and the swinging plate 5 , and a first torsion spring 601 is arranged on the first rotating shaft 6 for driving the swinging plate 5 to reset and rotate.

[0049] Furthermore, the diameter of the anchor rod 1 is set to 20 mm, the length of the anchor rod 1 is set to 1.8 m, the chain link fence 2 adopts a diamond hexagonal net, the mesh size of the chain link fence 2 is 100 mm×100 mm, and its diameter is set to 2.8 mm.

[0050] Furthermore, the diameter of the anchor rod 1 is set to 30 mm, the length of the anchor rod 1 is set to 1.8 m, the chain link fence 2 adopts a diamond hexagonal net, the mesh size of the chain link fence 2 is 100 mm×100 mm, and its diameter is set to 2.8 mm.

[0051] Specifically, the anchor rod 1 is driven into the sides of the rock drilling chamber, and the anchor rod 1 needs to be exposed about 20 cm. One end of the rolled chain link fence 2 is hung on the anchor rod 1 and fixed with a tray 3, and the other end is connected to the counterweight with a thin rope. The size of the chain link fence can be determined according to the size of the goaf. The chain link fence 2 is unfolded along the side wall of the goaf under the action of its own weight and the counterweight. The hanging direction of the chain link fence 2 is inwardly attached to the side wall of the goaf. By using the wall-attaching mechanism to abut against the chain link fence 2, the abutted position of the chain link fence 2 is closely attached to the side wall of the goaf, avoiding the bottom of the chain link fence 2 being only subjected to the gravity of the counterweight. The chain link fence 2 is fixed by the anchor rod 1 to fit the side wall of the goaf, thereby strengthening the structural strength of the filling body 15 on both wings of the large-sized goaf, ensuring the stability of the filling body 15 when recovering the mining column body 14, reducing the depletion rate without significantly increasing the labor intensity and cost, and the process and method proposed in the present application do not need to be carried out under the goaf, which can protect the safety of the staff to the greatest extent.

[0052] Example 2: Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 , a mining equipment of a two-step pillar recovery and impoverishment reduction process of a staged subsequent filling method. On the basis of Example 1, further, the swing plate 5 includes a plurality of mutually connected swing bars 501, a second rotating shaft 7 is arranged between two adjacent swing bars 501, and a second rotating shaft 7 is sleeved on the second rotating shaft 7 for driving the swing bar 501 to reset and rotate, and the swing bar 501 and the chain link fence 2 are movably offset.

[0053] Furthermore, ratchets 8 are disposed on the first rotating shaft 6 and the second rotating shaft 7 , and limiting structures engaged with the ratchets 8 are disposed on the connecting plate 4 and the swing bar 501 .

[0054] Furthermore, the limiting structure includes a limiting seat 9, in which a blocking rod 901 engaged with the ratchet 8 is rotatably connected. The blocking rod 901 is rotatably connected to the limiting seat 9 through a pin shaft, and a third torsion spring is sleeved on the pin shaft for driving the blocking rod 901 to reset and rotate.

[0055] Specifically, the connecting plate 4 and the swing bar 501 as well as the two adjacent swing bars 501 are elastically connected by torsion springs, so that the swing bar 501 can be flipped relative to the adjacent swing bar 501 or the connecting plate 4, and the blocking rod 901 can engage with the ratchet 8 to limit the swing bar 501 from rotating about the axis, thereby ensuring the swing bar 501 is in contact with the hook link fence 2 to prevent the hook link fence 2 from loosening when filling the goaf.

[0056] Example 3: Reference Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 , a mining equipment of a two-step pillar recovery and impoverishment reduction process of a staged subsequent filling method. On the basis of Example 2, further, a cavity 101 for the sliding of the connecting plate 4 is opened in the anchor rod 1, a limiting groove 102 is opened in the cavity 101, and a limiting block 103 connected to the connecting plate 4 is slidably connected in the limiting groove 102.

[0057] Specifically, by shrinking the connecting plate 4 and the swing plate 5 connected to the connecting plate 4 into the cavity 101, it is convenient to store the wall-adhering mechanism, reduce the storage size of the wall-adhering mechanism, and facilitate the placement and transportation of the swing plate 5. The setting of the limit block 103 effectively prevents the wall-adhering mechanism from separating and falling off from the anchor rod 1.

[0058] Example 4: Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 , a mining equipment of a two-step pillar recovery and depletion process of a staged subsequent filling method, based on Example 3, further, a first slide groove 10 is provided on the connecting plate 4 and the swing bar 501, a first slider 1001 fixedly connected to the limit seat 9 is slidably connected in the first slide groove 10, a first elastic element 1002 is arranged between the first slider 1001 and the inner wall of the first slide groove 10, a second slide groove 11 is provided on the connecting plate 4 and the swing bar 501, a second slider 111 is slidably connected in the second slide groove 11, a second elastic element 112 is arranged between the second slider 111 and the inner wall of the second slide groove 11, and the second slider 111 is fixed with a baffle 113 that movably resists the limit seat 9.

[0059] Furthermore, a third sliding groove 12 is provided on the connecting plate 4 and the swing bar 501, and a third sliding block 121 is slidably connected in the third sliding groove 12. A third elastic element 122 is provided between the third sliding block 121 and the inner wall of the third sliding groove 12. The third sliding block 121 is fixed with a push plate 123 that movably resists the baffle 113. A matching extrusion slope is provided between the push plate 123 and the baffle 113, and two adjacent push plates 123 movably resist each other.

[0060] Furthermore, it also includes a plug plate 13 , and both the anchor rod 1 and the connecting plate 4 are provided with a plug hole 131 that matches the plug plate 13 , and a wedge block 1231 that movably contacts the plug plate 13 is provided on the push plate 123 in the connecting plate 4 .

[0061] Specifically, when the fitting mechanism is placed inside the cavity 101 of the anchor rod 1, the connecting plate 4 and the swinging plate 5 are in the same straight line, and one end of each push plate 123 is placed on the lower side of the swinging bar 501 adjacent thereto. When the fitting mechanism is driven to work, the plug plate 13 is used to simultaneously plug into the sockets 131 of multiple anchor rods 1. When the plug plate 13 is plugged into the sockets 131, the wedge block 1231 on the push plate 123 is pushed. The wedge block 1231 pushes the push plate 123 to move toward the inner side of the anchor rod 1, and the push plate 123 on the connecting plate 4 moves rightward. The push plate 123 on the swing bar 501 connected thereto is no longer squeezed, and will be reset and moved horizontally under the elastic force of the third elastic element 122, so that the push plate 123 on the lower side of each swing bar 501 is no longer placed on the lower side of another swing bar 501, and the rotation restriction of the swing bar 501 by the push plate 123 is released. When the push plate 123 moves horizontally, it squeezes the baffle plate 113 through the squeezing slope, so that the baffle plate 113 moves up and pushes the limit seat 9, so that the limit seat 9 moves away from the anchor rod 1, and the baffle rod 901 on the limit seat 9 The ratchet teeth of the ratchet wheel 8 are plugged into each other to limit the rotation direction of the ratchet wheel 8, so that the swing bar 501 can only rotate in the direction close to the side wall of the goaf and cannot rotate back. If it is necessary to release the abutment state between the swing bar 501 and the chain link fence 2, the plug plate 13 is pulled out, and the push plate 123 moves back and no longer presses the baffle plate 113. The baffle plate 113 is reset under the elastic force of the second elastic element 112, and the limit seat 9 is reset under the elastic force of the first elastic element 1002, so that the baffle rod 9 on the limit seat 9 01 is no longer engaged with the ratchet 8, and the rotation restriction of the swing bar 501 is released. As the push plate 123 continues to reset and move laterally, the push plate 123 pushes another push plate 123, and the push plate 123 applies a thrust to the bottom of the swing bar 501 adjacent to it when moving laterally, so that the swing bar 501 finally forms a straight line. After forming a straight line, the swing plate 5 is easy to retract into the anchor rod 1. It should be noted that the first elastic element 1002, the second elastic element 112 and the third elastic element 122 are all springs.

[0062] The present invention also discloses a mining method of a two-step pillar recovery and impoverishment reduction process of a staged subsequent filling method, and a mining device using the two-step pillar recovery and impoverishment reduction process of a staged subsequent filling method comprises the following steps:

[0063] S1: Drive the anchor rod 1 into the sides of the rock drilling chamber. The anchor rod 1 needs to be exposed about 20 cm. Hang one end of the rolled chain link fence 2 on the anchor rod 1 and fix it with a tray 3. Connect the other end with a counterweight using a thin rope.

[0064] S2: The chain link fence 2 is deployed along the side wall of the goaf under the action of its own weight and the counterweight, and the hanging direction of the chain link fence 2 is inwardly attached to the side wall of the goaf;

[0065] S3: Then pull the swing plate 5 out of the anchor rod 1, so that the connecting plate 4 moves to the end of the anchor rod 1, and use the plug plate 13 to plug into the sockets 131 of multiple anchor rods 1 at the same time. When the plug plate 13 is plugged into the socket 131, the wedge block 1231 on the push plate 123 is pushed, and the wedge block 1231 pushes the push plate 123 to move inwardly of the anchor rod 1. After the push plate 123 on the connecting plate 4 moves to the right, the push plate 123 on the swing bar 501 connected thereto is no longer squeezed, and will be reset and moved laterally under the elastic force of the third elastic element 122, so that the push plate 123 on the lower side of each swing bar 501 is no longer placed on the lower side of another swing bar 501, and the rotation restriction of the swing bar 501 by the push plate 123 is released;

[0066] S4: When the push plate 123 moves laterally, it squeezes the baffle plate 113 through the squeezing slope, so that the baffle plate 113 moves upward and pushes the limit seat 9, so that the limit seat 9 moves away from the anchor rod 1, and the baffle rod 901 on the limit seat 9 and the ratchet teeth of the ratchet wheel 8 are plugged into each other to limit the rotation direction of the ratchet wheel 8;

[0067] S5: At this time, the unrestricted swing bar 501 is reset and flipped under the action of the first torsion spring 601 and the second torsion spring 701, and the swing bar 501 is pressed against the side wall of the goaf, and each swing bar 501 applies a thrust to the chain link fence 2, so that the position of the chain link fence 2 abutted by the swing bar 501 is tightly pressed against the side wall of the goaf;

[0068] S6: Finally, the backfill 15 is used to fill the goaf, and blasting, mining of the pillar body 14, and mining operations are started.

[0069] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mining device for a two-step pillar recovery and impoverishment reduction process using a staged post-filling method, comprising anchor rods (1) plugged into two sides of a rock drilling chamber, characterized in that: Also includes: A chain link fence (2), one end of the chain link fence (2) being connected to the anchor rod (1), one end of the chain link fence (2) being away from the anchor rod (1) being connected to a counterweight, and the chain link fence (2) being movably opposed to the inner wall of the rock drilling chamber; A tray (3), wherein the tray (3) is sleeved on the anchor rod (1), and the tray (3) is placed between a stop plate at the end of the anchor rod (1) and the chain link fence (2); as well as A wall-attaching mechanism, the wall-attaching mechanism being arranged on the anchor rod (1) and being used for attaching the chain link fence (2) to the inner wall of the rock drilling chamber; The wall-adhering mechanism comprises a connecting plate (4) connected to the anchor rod (1) and a swinging plate (5) rotatably connected to the connecting plate (4); a first rotating shaft (6) is provided between the connecting plate (4) and the swinging plate (5); and a first torsion spring (601) is provided on the first rotating shaft (6) for driving the swinging plate (5) to return to rotation.

2. The mining equipment of the two-step pillar recovery and impoverishment reduction process of the staged post-filling method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The swing plate (5) comprises a plurality of mutually connected swing bars (501), a second rotating shaft (7) is arranged between two adjacent swing bars (501), a second torsion spring (701) is sleeved on the second rotating shaft (7) for driving the swing bar (501) to return to rotation, and the swing bar (501) and the chain link fence (2) are movably opposed to each other.

3. The mining equipment of the two-step pillar recovery and impoverishment reduction process of the staged subsequent filling method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The first rotating shaft (6) and the second rotating shaft (7) are both provided with ratchets (8), and the connecting plate (4) and the swing bar (501) are both provided with limiting structures that are engaged with the ratchets (8).

4. The mining equipment of the two-step pillar recovery and impoverishment reduction process of the staged post-filling method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The limiting structure comprises a limiting seat (9), a blocking rod (901) which is rotatably connected to the limiting seat (9) and is engaged with the ratchet wheel (8), the blocking rod (901) being rotatably connected to the limiting seat (9) via a pin shaft, and a third torsion spring for driving the blocking rod (901) to return to rotation is sleeved on the pin shaft.

5. The mining equipment of the two-step pillar recovery and impoverishment reduction process of the staged subsequent filling method according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The connecting plate (4) and the swing bar (501) are both provided with a first slide groove (10), a first slider (1001) fixedly connected to the limit seat (9) is slidably connected in the first slide groove (10), a first elastic element (1002) is arranged between the first slider (1001) and the inner wall of the first slide groove (10), the connecting plate (4) and the swing bar (501) are both provided with a second slide groove (11), a second slider (111) is slidably connected in the second slide groove (11), a second elastic element (112) is arranged between the second slider (111) and the inner wall of the second slide groove (11), and a baffle (113) is fixedly arranged on the second slider (111) for movably resisting the limit seat (9).

6. The mining equipment of the two-step pillar recovery and impoverishment reduction process of the staged post-filling method according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The connecting plate (4) and the swing bar (501) are both provided with a third slide groove (12), a third slider (121) is slidably connected in the third slide groove (12), a third elastic element (122) is provided between the third slider (121) and the inner wall of the third slide groove (12), a push plate (123) is fixed to the third slider (121) and is movably opposed to the baffle plate (113), a matching extrusion inclined surface is provided between the push plate (123) and the baffle plate (113), and two adjacent push plates (123) are movably opposed to each other.

7. The mining equipment of the two-step pillar recovery and impoverishment reduction process of the staged subsequent filling method according to claim 6 is characterized in that: A cavity (101) for sliding of the connecting plate (4) is provided in the anchor rod (1), a limiting groove (102) is provided in the cavity (101), and a limiting block (103) connected to the connecting plate (4) is slidably connected in the limiting groove (102).

8. The mining equipment of the two-step pillar recovery and impoverishment reduction process of the staged post-filling method according to claim 7 is characterized in that: It also includes a plug plate (13), the anchor rod (1) and the connecting plate (4) are both provided with a plug hole (131) that matches the plug plate (13), and the push plate (123) in the connecting plate (4) is provided with a wedge block (1231) that movably contacts the plug plate (13).

9. The mining equipment of the two-step pillar recovery and impoverishment reduction process of the staged post-filling method according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The diameter of the anchor rod (1) is set to 20 mm to 30 mm, the length of the anchor rod (1) is set to 1.8 m, the chain link fence (2) adopts a diamond hexagonal net, the mesh size of the chain link fence (2) is 100 mm×100 mm, and its diameter is set to 2.8 mm.

10. A mining method using a two-step pillar recovery and impoverishment reduction process using a staged subsequent filling method, by using the mining equipment using a two-step pillar recovery and impoverishment reduction process using a staged subsequent filling method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Drive the anchor rod (1) into the sides of the rock drilling chamber. The anchor rod (1) should be exposed about 20 cm. Hang one end of the rolled chain link fence (2) on the anchor rod (1) and fix it with a tray (3). Connect the other end to a counterweight with a thin rope. S2: The chain link fence (2) is deployed along the side wall of the goaf under the action of its own weight and the counterweight, and the hanging direction of the chain link fence (2) is inwardly attached to the side wall of the goaf; S3: Then, the swing plate (5) is pulled out of the anchor rod (1), so that the connecting plate (4) moves to the end of the anchor rod (1), and the plug plate (13) is used to simultaneously plug into the sockets (131) of multiple anchor rods (1). When the plug plate (13) is plugged into the sockets (131), the wedge block (1231) on the push plate (123) is pushed, and the wedge block (1231) pushes the push plate (123) to move toward the inner side of the anchor rod (1). After the push plate (123) on the connecting plate (4) moves to the right, the push plate (123) on the swing bar (501) connected thereto is no longer squeezed, and will be reset and moved laterally under the elastic force of the third elastic element (122), so that the push plate (123) on the lower side of each swing bar (501) is no longer placed on the lower side of another swing bar (501), thereby releasing the rotation restriction of the push plate (123) on the swing bar (501); S4: When the push plate (123) moves laterally, it squeezes the baffle plate (113) through the squeezing inclined surface, so that the baffle plate (113) moves upward and pushes the limit seat (9), so that the limit seat (9) moves in a direction away from the anchor rod (1), and the baffle rod (901) on the limit seat (9) and the ratchet teeth of the ratchet wheel (8) are plugged into each other, thereby limiting the rotation direction of the ratchet wheel (8); S5: At this time, the unrestricted swing bar (501) is reset and flipped under the action of the first torsion spring (601) and the second torsion spring (701), and the swing bar (501) is pressed against the side wall of the goaf. Each swing bar (501) applies a thrust to the chain link fence (2), so that the positions of the chain link fence (2) abutted by the swing bar (501) are all tightly pressed against the side wall of the goaf; S6: Finally, the backfill (15) is used to fill the goaf, and blasting, mining of the pillar body (14), and mining operations are started.

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