Shield tunnel short-distance rapid tunneling construction method

Abstract

The invention discloses a short-distance rapid tunneling construction method for a shield tunnel, which solves the problem that in the conventional tunnel construction steps, when the launching is finished, components such as a reaction frame, a launching frame, a steel negative ring and the like need to be completely hoisted out of a launching well and then an in-well bracket is re-laid to carry out construction according to a normal tunneling process, so that the construction period is delayed. In the tunneling process, the hoisting efficiency of a material vehicle is low and the process is tedious due to insufficient space of a starting well. In order to solve the problems that the construction period of a small launching well and a short-distance tunnel is long, the replacement process of a material vehicle is tedious and the like, the construction method does not need to hoist out a counter-force frame, a launching frame, a steel negative ring and other assemblies after launching is finished, and only part of the assemblies need to be hoisted out.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a shield tunnel short-distance rapid excavation, and more particularly to a shield tunnel short-distance rapid excavation construction method. Background Art

[0002] With the widespread application of shield tunnel construction technology in urban construction planning, shield construction technology has become increasingly mature, and the number of shield tunnel constructions has increased, and it is also widely involved in municipal engineering. When shield construction is applied to municipal engineering, there is often a need for small starting shafts and short-distance tunnels. According to the previous tunnel construction steps, at the end of the start, the reaction frame, starting frame, steel negative ring and other components need to be lifted out of the starting shaft and the shaft support needs to be re-laid before the normal excavation process can be carried out, which delays the construction period. In the excavation process, due to the lack of space in the starting shaft, the lifting efficiency of the material vehicle is low and the process is cumbersome. In view of the long construction period of small starting shafts and short-distance tunnels and the cumbersome process of replacing material vehicles, this paper proposes a shield tunnel short-distance rapid excavation construction method.

[0003] Currently, no effective solution has been proposed for the problems in the related technologies. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the problems in the related technology, the present invention proposes a shield tunnel short-distance rapid excavation construction method to overcome the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the existing related technology.

[0005] To this end, the specific technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A short-distance fast excavation method for a shield tunnel comprises the following steps:

[0007] S1: Departure preparation stage:

[0008] S101: ground equipment, trolley pipeline connection and debugging;

[0009] S102: The launching frame, reaction wall, launching cylinder assembly, and steel negative ring are hoisted down to the well for installation, commissioning, and positioning and fixing, and water detection of the tunnel gate is carried out simultaneously; the steel negative ring is composed of an open steel negative ring, a top block steel negative ring, a bottom block steel negative ring, a transition ring, and a support frame;

[0010] S103: The shield machine is hoisted down to the well in two sections for assembly and commissioning; the shield propulsion cylinder is adjusted so that the concrete segment is exposed between 195mm and 205mm from the shield tail;

[0011] S104: Pre-assemble 2 rings of concrete segments, use the starting cylinder assembly to push the shield machine to between 490mm-510mm from the tunnel door, and install the steel transition ring;

[0012] S104: Break the cave door;

[0013] The empty push is advanced 2.5m, the steel negative ring assembles the -8 ring and -7 ring into 2 rings, the cutterhead is attached to the tunnel face, the screw machine is installed, and the next stage is entered;

[0014] S2: Steel negative ring excavation stage:

[0015] S201: -6 ring excavation begins to approach the tunnel face, temporary sleeper tracks are laid at the wellhead, and a low-speed winch is installed at the reaction frame for traction of the earth bucket;

[0016] S202: -5 ring excavation begins, and soil buckets are placed on the segment truck for temporary slag removal;

[0017] S203: -4 ring ~ -1 ring steel negative ring normal excavation, steel -1 ring assembly is completed, the starting cylinder is fully retracted, the shield machine thrust cylinder is extended to tighten all the steel negative rings, starting cylinder assembly, reaction frame to form a whole, enter the 0 ring excavation stage;

[0018] S204: Ring 0 and Ring +1 have been pre-assembled into a ring during the initial preparation stage;

[0019] S3: Bucket positive ring excavation stage:

[0020] S4: Trolley-free excavation stage:

[0021] S5: Excavation stage when dismounting the trolley.

[0022] Further, the S3 comprises the following steps:

[0023] S301: Start excavation at ring 0, stop the machine after the shield machine propulsion cylinder is fully pushed into place, and seal the tunnel door; install the double-beam crane and temporary support at the same time, and the temporary support is planned to be pulled by a hand winch;

[0024] S302: Arrange the pipelines and install all the pipelines on temporary supports;

[0025] S303: +1~+17 ring excavation. In this stage, the soil bucket is still used to receive the soil. There is no segment feeder at the tail of the shield machine. The segment feeding function is achieved by manually pushing and pulling the track laid at the bottom of the segment.

[0026] Further, the S4 comprises the following steps:

[0027] S401: After the +17 ring is assembled, the machine is shut down and the temporary beam hanger and temporary sleeper tracks in the tunnel are removed; the formal sleeper tracks are replaced in the tunnel and the temporary tracks are replaced at the wellhead; the sheet feeder, belt conveyor and the first empty trolley are transported into the tunnel;

[0028] S402: Remove the temporary track and support parts at the wellhead, install the track translation device, and install the sheet feeder and belt conveyor and extend the beam crane in the tunnel simultaneously;

[0029] S403: The shield machine starts to work according to the normal excavation process:

[0030] The transportation of slag and pipe segments consists of one electric locomotive, six pipe segment vehicles and six slag boxes. The pipe segment vehicles are equipped with slag boxes. Three pipe segment vehicles and one electric locomotive form a transport vehicle. One electric locomotive and two sets of pipe segment vehicles are placed on the track translation device. Two transport vehicles are used for one ring of pipe segments.

[0031] S404: Excavation process: When the shield machine starts to advance, the transport vehicle with three empty soil boxes is already waiting in the tunnel to receive soil; the soil hoisting operation is carried out at the wellhead simultaneously;

[0032] S405: The soil boxes of the transport vehicles are all fully loaded, and the shield machine is stopped; the fully loaded transport vehicles return to the wellhead, the electric locomotive is disconnected from the segment vehicle, the track translation device translates the track, the electric locomotive is connected to the empty material vehicle, and the crane performs the soil lifting operation;

[0033] S406: The empty material truck enters the tunnel to receive the slag. After it is in place, the shield machine continues to advance. After the slag box at the wellhead is hoisted, it is placed in the vacant space next to the track translation device. After all three slag boxes are completed, the crane starts to hoist the pipe segments onto the pipe segment truck.

[0034] S407: Since the segments cannot be parked at the segment feeder, the shield machine stops after the advancement is completed; the material vehicle loaded with slag returns to the wellhead, the electric locomotive is disconnected from the segment vehicle, and then the track is moved horizontally; the electric locomotive is connected to the segment vehicle loaded with segments, and after the connection is completed, it enters the tunnel, unloads and assembles at the same time; at the same time, the crane lifts the fully loaded slag box and puts it back in place after lifting;

[0035] S408: After unloading the segments, the material truck returns to the wellhead, and another group of segment trucks lifts at most one box of slag. After lifting one box, the three slag boxes placed in the vacant land are lifted onto the segment truck that has just returned; after lifting, the transport truck enters the tunnel and waits for the shield machine to advance; the crane continues to lift the remaining fully loaded slag boxes;

[0036] S409: The excavation process is a cycle, and then the excavation is continued and the process is repeated. The trolleys are gradually sent into the tunnel, and the pipelines are sent into the tunnel along with the trolleys.

[0037] Further, the S5 comprises the following steps:

[0038] S501: Trolleys begin to be sent into the tunnel one after another, and pipelines are sent into the tunnel along with the trolleys.

[0039] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a shield tunnel short-distance rapid excavation device, comprising a starting oil cylinder assembly provided on one side of a reaction frame, and a starting installation assembly provided on one side of the starting oil cylinder assembly;

[0040] The starting installation assembly includes a starting frame, a support frame and a bottom block-type steel negative ring are connected above the starting frame, a top block-type steel negative ring is connected above the support frame, an open steel negative ring is connected to one side of the top block-type steel negative ring, a transition ring is connected to the side of the top block-type steel negative ring away from the open steel negative ring, and the open steel negative ring and the transition ring are respectively connected to the starting frame.

[0041] Furthermore, a track translation device is provided on one side of the starting cylinder assembly, and the track translation device includes a fixed seat, a moving seat is provided on the fixed seat, a trolley track and an electric locomotive track are respectively installed on the periphery of the moving seat, a translation cylinder is connected to the bottom of the moving seat, one end of the translation cylinder is connected to the fixed seat, a moving slider is symmetrically connected to the bottom of the fixed seat, a linear guide is slidably matched on one side of the moving slider, and the linear guide is slidably matched with the fixed seat.

[0042] Furthermore, the bottom of the fixing seat is symmetrically connected with adjustable supporting legs, and the bottom of the adjustable supporting legs is symmetrically connected with adjusting nuts.

[0043] Furthermore, a pipe segment is provided on one side of the track translation device, a soil bucket is provided on one side of the pipe segment, and an electric battery car locomotive is provided on one side of the soil bucket.

[0044] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0045] (1) In actual use, the present invention solves the problem that in the previous tunnel construction steps, at the end of the start, all components such as the reaction frame, the starting frame, and the steel negative ring need to be hoisted out of the starting well and the supports in the well need to be re-laid before the construction can be carried out according to the normal excavation process, which delays the construction period. In the excavation process, due to the small space of the starting well, the efficiency of lifting the material vehicle is low and the process is cumbersome. In view of the problems of small starting wells, short-distance tunnel construction, long construction period, and cumbersome material vehicle replacement process, this method does not need to hoist out components such as the reaction frame, the starting frame, and the steel negative ring after the start, and only needs to hoist out some components.

[0046] (2) In actual use, the top of the support frame is connected to the top block steel negative ring, and the bottom slides on the support base in the starting frame, which effectively solves the problem that the top block steel negative ring becomes longer and longer, and the whole row of top block steel negative rings droops downward. The starting frame is designed to match the steel negative ring, and a support base is also specially added.

[0047] (3) In actual use, the position design of the propulsion cylinder in the propulsion cylinder assembly is closely matched with the steel negative ring to form a "U" shape for the reliability of the overall structure. The reaction frame is affected by the position of the propulsion cylinder, and the internal structure of the specially designed reaction frame greatly improves its strength. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0049] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of a shield tunnel short-distance rapid excavation method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the initial preparation stage in a short-distance rapid excavation method for a shield tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a steel negative ring excavation (soil) stage in a short-distance rapid excavation method for a shield tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a bucket positive ring excavation stage in a short-distance rapid excavation method for a shield tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a trolley-free excavation stage in a short-distance rapid excavation method for a shield tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the excavation stage when the trolley is lowered in a shield tunnel short-distance rapid excavation method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 7 This is one of the block diagrams of a shield tunnel short-distance rapid excavation method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 8 This is a block diagram of a shield tunnel short-distance rapid excavation method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0057] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of a short-distance fast excavation device for a shield tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Fig.10This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of a track translation device in a short-distance rapid excavation device for a shield tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Fig.11 This is the second structural schematic diagram of a track translation device in a shield tunnel short-distance rapid excavation device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0060] In the figure:

[0061] 1. Reaction frame; 2. Starting cylinder assembly; 3. Starting installation assembly; 301. Starting frame; 302. Support frame; 303. Top block steel negative ring; 304. Open steel negative ring; 305. Transition ring; 306. Bottom block steel negative ring; 4. Track translation device; 401. Fixed seat; 402. Moving seat; 403. Trolley track; 404. Electric locomotive track; 405. Translation cylinder; 406. Moving slider; 407. Linear guide; 5. Adjustable support leg; 6. Adjustment nut; 7. Pipe segment; 8. Earth bucket; 9. Battery car locomotive. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0063] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a shield tunneling short-distance rapid excavation method is provided, such as Figure 1-8 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0064] S1: Departure preparation stage:

[0065] S101: ground equipment, trolley pipeline connection and debugging;

[0066] S102: The launching frame, reaction wall, launching cylinder assembly, open steel negative ring, etc. are hoisted down to the well for installation, commissioning and positioning, and water exploration of the tunnel gate is carried out simultaneously; the steel negative ring is composed of an open steel negative ring, a top block steel negative ring, a bottom block steel negative ring, a transition ring, and a support frame;

[0067] S103: The shield machine is hoisted down to the well in two stages for assembly and commissioning (excluding the screw machine);

[0068] S104: Pre-assemble 2 rings of concrete segments, use the starting cylinder assembly to push the shield machine to between 490mm-510mm from the tunnel door, and install the steel transition ring (adjust the shield propulsion cylinder so that the concrete segments are exposed between 195mm-205mm from the shield tail);

[0069] S104: Break the cave door;

[0070] The air push is advanced 2.5m, 2 steel negative rings (-8 rings and -7 rings) are assembled, the cutter head is attached to the tunnel face, the screw machine is installed, and the next stage is entered.

[0071] S2: Steel negative ring excavation (soil) advancement stage:

[0072] S201: -6 ring excavation begins to approach the tunnel face, temporary sleeper tracks are laid at the wellhead, and a low-speed winch is installed at the reaction frame for traction of the earth bucket;

[0073] S202: -5 ring excavation begins, and a soil bucket is placed on the segment truck for temporary slag removal.

[0074] S203: -4 ring ~ -1 ring steel negative ring normal excavation, steel -1 ring assembly is completed, the starting cylinder is fully retracted, the shield machine thrust cylinder is extended to tighten all the steel negative rings, starting cylinder assembly, reaction frame to form a whole, enter the 0 ring excavation stage;

[0075] S204: Ring 0 and Ring +1 have been pre-assembled into a ring during the initial preparation stage;

[0076] S3: Bucket positive ring excavation stage:

[0077] S301: Start excavation at ring 0, stop the machine after the shield machine propulsion cylinder is fully pushed into place, and seal the tunnel door; install the double-beam crane and temporary support at the same time, and the temporary support is planned to be pulled by a hand winch;

[0078] S302: Arrange the pipelines and install all the pipelines on temporary supports;

[0079] S303: +1 to +17 ring excavation. In this stage, the soil bucket is still used to receive the soil. There is no segment feeder at the tail of the shield machine. The segment feeding function is realized by manually pushing and pulling the track laid at the bottom of the segment.

[0080] S4: Trolley-free excavation stage:

[0081] S401: After the +17 ring is assembled, the machine is shut down and the temporary beam hanger and temporary sleeper tracks in the tunnel are removed; the formal sleeper tracks are replaced in the tunnel and the temporary tracks are replaced at the wellhead; the sheet feeder, belt conveyor and the first empty trolley are transported into the tunnel;

[0082] S402: Remove the temporary track and support parts at the wellhead, install the track translation device, and install the sheet feeder and belt conveyor and extend the beam crane in the tunnel simultaneously;

[0083] S403: The shield machine starts to work according to the normal excavation process:

[0084] The transportation of slag and pipe segments is composed of one electric locomotive, six pipe segment vehicles and six slag boxes. The pipe segment vehicles are equipped with slag boxes. Three pipe segment vehicles and one electric locomotive form a transport vehicle. One electric locomotive and two sets of pipe segment vehicles (three rows) are placed on the track translation device. Two transport vehicles are used for one ring of pipe segments.

[0085] S404: Excavation process: When the shield machine starts to advance, the transport vehicle with three empty soil boxes is already waiting in the tunnel to receive soil; the soil hoisting operation is carried out at the wellhead simultaneously;

[0086] S405: The soil boxes of the transport vehicles are all fully loaded, and the shield machine is stopped; the fully loaded transport vehicles return to the wellhead, the electric locomotive is disconnected from the segment vehicle, the track translation device translates the track, the electric locomotive is connected to the empty material vehicle, and the crane performs the soil lifting operation;

[0087] S406: The empty material truck enters the tunnel to receive the slag. After it is in place, the shield machine continues to advance. After the slag box at the wellhead is hoisted, it is placed in the vacant space next to the track translation device. After all three slag boxes are completed, the crane starts to hoist the pipe segments onto the pipe segment truck.

[0088] S407: Since the segments cannot be parked at the segment feeder, the shield machine stops after the advancement is completed; the material vehicle loaded with slag returns to the wellhead, the electric locomotive is disconnected from the segment vehicle, and then the track is moved horizontally; the electric locomotive is connected to the segment vehicle loaded with segments, and after the connection is completed, it enters the tunnel, unloads and assembles at the same time; at the same time, the crane lifts the fully loaded slag box and puts it back in place after lifting;

[0089] S408: After unloading the segments, the material truck returns to the wellhead, and another group of segment trucks lifts at most one box of slag. After lifting one box, the three slag boxes placed in the vacant land are lifted onto the segment truck that has just returned; after lifting, the transport truck enters the tunnel and waits for the shield machine to advance; the crane continues to lift the remaining fully loaded slag boxes;

[0090] S409: The above excavation process is a cycle, and excavation can be continued and the process can be repeated.

[0091] S5: Excavation phase when dismounting the trolley:

[0092] S501: Trolleys are gradually sent into the tunnel, and pipelines are sent into the tunnel along with the trolleys;

[0093] S502: The steps of transporting slag and pipe segments are the same as the normal excavation process in the non-trolley excavation stage.

[0094] According to another aspect of the present invention, a short-distance rapid excavation device for a shield tunnel is provided, including a starting cylinder assembly 2 provided on one side of a reaction frame 1, the starting cylinder assembly 2 includes a starting jack bracket, a plurality of propulsion cylinders are installed inside the starting jack bracket, and a cylinder push plate is installed on one side of the propulsion cylinder. The propulsion cylinder in the starting jack bracket can drive the cylinder push plate to move, thereby achieving the effect of pushing an object, and a starting installation assembly 3 is provided on one side of the starting cylinder assembly 2.

[0095] like Figure 9-11 As shown, according to the short-distance rapid excavation device for a shield tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention, the starting installation assembly 3 includes a starting frame 301, a support frame 302 and a bottom block-type steel negative ring 306 are connected above the starting frame 301, a top block-type steel negative ring 303 is connected above the support frame 302, an open steel negative ring 304 is connected to one side of the top block-type steel negative ring 303, a transition ring 305 is connected to the side of the top block-type steel negative ring 303 away from the open steel negative ring 304, and the open steel negative ring 304 and the transition ring 305 are respectively connected to the starting frame 301.

[0096] Among them, the top block steel negative ring 303 and the bottom block steel negative ring 306 are not removed, only the support frame 302 is removed. After the support frame 302 is removed, the specially designed U-shaped steel negative ring releases a lot of space without affecting the vertical transportation speed of the segments and other materials and the translation of the segment vehicle. The size of the specially designed U-shaped steel negative ring meets the translation requirements of the segment vehicle. The track translation device determines the range of movement of the segment vehicle, that is, without removing the starting components, it will not affect the subsequent normal excavation. It allows the shield to enter the normal excavation stage earlier and speed up the construction progress.

[0097] Through the above technical solution, the steel negative ring (special design) is composed of a "U"-shaped open steel negative ring 304, a top block steel negative ring 303, a bottom block steel negative ring 306, a transition ring 305, and a support frame 302. Fig. 9 As shown. This special design allows the starting installation assembly 3 to remove only the top block steel negative ring 303, the bottom block steel negative ring 306 and the support frame 302 at the end of the start without affecting the use of the entire start well. The "U"-shaped open steel negative ring 304 receives a force from one surface given by the starting cylinder assembly 2, which is transmitted to the transition ring 305 through three block steel negative rings. The three block steel negative rings are the bottom block steel negative ring 306, the top block steel negative ring 303 and the open steel negative ring 304, thereby promoting the shield tunneling. The top of the support frame 302 is connected to the top block steel negative ring 303, and the bottom slides on the support base in the starting frame 301, which effectively solves the problem that the top block steel negative rings are getting longer and longer, and the entire row of top block steel negative rings droop downward. The starting frame 301 is designed to match the steel negative ring, and a support base is also specially added.

[0098] For the reliability of the overall structure, the position design of the propulsion cylinder in the starting cylinder assembly 2 is closely matched with the steel negative ring and also presents a "U" shape. The reaction frame is affected by the position of the propulsion cylinder, and the internal structure of the specially designed reaction frame greatly improves its strength.

[0099] In order to shorten the construction period, after the initial launch, the method does not need to lift out the reaction frame 1, the starting frame 301, the bottom block steel negative ring 306 and the top block steel negative ring 303 and other components, and only needs to lift out the support frame 302.

[0100] like Figure 9-11 As shown, according to the short-distance rapid excavation construction method of a shield tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention, a track translation device 4 is provided on one side of the starting cylinder assembly 2, and the track translation device 4 includes a fixed seat 401, a moving seat 402 is provided on the fixed seat 401, and a trolley track 403 and an electric locomotive track 404 are respectively installed on the periphery of the moving seat 402, a translation cylinder 405 is connected to the bottom of the moving seat 402, one end of the translation cylinder 405 is connected to the fixed seat 401, and a moving slider 406 is symmetrically connected to the bottom of the fixed seat 401, and a linear guide rail 407 is slidably matched with one side of the moving slider 406, and the linear guide rail 407 is slidably matched with the fixed seat 401.

[0101] Through the above technical solution, the translation cylinder 405 drives the moving seat 402 to move through the fixed seat 401, so that the moving slider 406 in the moving seat 402 moves on the linear guide rail 407 in the fixed seat 401, thereby realizing the reciprocating movement of the moving seat 402 on the fixed seat 401, and the trolley track 403 and the electric locomotive track 404 fixed on the moving seat 402 can also move on the plane. During the excavation process, the material vehicle can move quickly and parallel under the translation track device so that the empty material vehicle comes to the main track and is quickly put into the next transportation work, saving time. The track translation device shown in Figure 11 is formed by 3 groups of fixed seats 401 and moving seats 402 connected by a moving seat connecting bracket.

[0102] like Figure 9-11 As shown, according to the shield tunnel short-distance rapid excavation construction method of an embodiment of the present invention, the bottom of the fixed seat 401 is symmetrically connected with an adjustable support leg 5, the bottom of the adjustable support leg 5 is symmetrically connected with an adjusting nut 6, a pipe segment 7 is provided on one side of the track translation device 4, a soil bucket 8 is provided on one side of the pipe segment 7, and a battery car locomotive 9 is provided on one side of the soil bucket 8.

[0103] Through the above technical scheme, by setting adjustable support legs 5 and adjusting nuts 6, the height of the fixing seat 401 can be easily adjusted. After the excavation of the steel negative ring section of the shield machine is completed, the distance of advancing a ring of segments 7 is required to transport a ring of segments 7 into the tunnel for assembly; the excavation of the shield machine will generate a large amount of slag, gravel, etc., which will be transported out of the tunnel through the earth bucket 8; the battery car locomotive 9 is similar to a locomotive as a power source to pull the transport vehicle, and the transport vehicle is used to realize the transportation of segments 7 and slag in the tunnel.

[0104] The steel negative ring will affect the transportation of shield slag, pipe segments and materials. The specially designed steel negative ring solves this problem; the reaction frame affects the axial transportation space of the transport vehicle and greatly reduces the efficiency of excavation. The present invention solves this problem.

[0105] In order to facilitate understanding of the above technical solutions of the present invention, the working principle or operation mode of the present invention in the actual process is described in detail below.

[0106] In summary, with the aid of the above technical solution of the present invention, the steel negative ring (special design) is composed of a "U"-shaped open steel negative ring 304, a top block steel negative ring 303, a bottom block steel negative ring 306, a transition ring 305, and a support frame 302, such as Fig. 9 As shown. This special design allows the starting installation assembly 3 to remove only the top block steel negative ring 303, the bottom block steel negative ring 306 and the support frame 302 at the end of the start without affecting the use of the entire start well. The "U"-shaped open steel negative ring 304 receives a force from one surface given by the starting cylinder assembly 2, which is transmitted to the transition ring 305 through three block steel negative rings. The three block steel negative rings are the bottom block steel negative ring 306, the top block steel negative ring 303 and the open steel negative ring 304, thereby promoting the shield tunneling. The top of the support frame 302 is connected to the top block steel negative ring 303, and the bottom slides on the support base in the starting frame 301, which effectively solves the problem that the top block steel negative rings are getting longer and longer, and the entire row of top block steel negative rings droop downward. The starting frame 301 is designed to match the steel negative ring, and a support base is also specially added.

[0107] For the reliability of the overall structure, the position design of the propulsion cylinder in the starting cylinder assembly 2 is closely matched with the steel negative ring and also presents a "U" shape. The reaction frame is affected by the position of the propulsion cylinder, and the internal structure of the specially designed reaction frame greatly improves its strength.

[0108] In order to shorten the construction period, after the initial launch, the method does not need to lift out the reaction frame 1, the initial frame 301, the bottom block type steel negative ring 306 and the top block type steel negative ring 303 and other components, and only needs to lift out the support frame 302;

[0109] The translation cylinder 405 drives the moving seat 402 to move by fixing the fixed seat 401, so that the moving slider 406 in the moving seat 402 moves on the linear guide rail 407 in the fixed seat 401, thereby realizing the reciprocating motion of the moving seat 402 on the fixed seat 401, and the trolley track 403 and the electric locomotive track 404 fixed on the moving seat 402 can also move on the plane. During the excavation process, the material vehicle can move quickly and parallel under the translation track device, so that the empty material vehicle can come to the main track and quickly put into the next transportation work, saving time. The track translation device shown in the figure is formed by 3 groups of fixed seats 401 and moving seats 402, which are connected by a moving seat connecting bracket;

[0110] By setting adjustable support legs 5 and adjusting nuts 6, the height of the fixing seat 401 can be easily adjusted. After the shield machine steel negative ring section is excavated, the distance of advancing a ring of segments 7 is required to transport a ring of segments 7 into the tunnel for assembly; the shield machine excavation will generate a large amount of slag, gravel, etc., which will be transported to the outside of the tunnel through the earth bucket 8; the battery car locomotive 9 is similar to a locomotive as a power source to pull the transport vehicle, and the transport vehicle is used to transport the segments 7 and slag in the tunnel.

[0111] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shield tunneling method for short-distance rapid excavation, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Departure preparation stage: S101: ground equipment, trolley pipeline connection and debugging; S102: The launching frame, reaction wall, launching cylinder assembly and steel negative ring are hoisted down to the well for installation, commissioning and positioning, and water detection is carried out at the tunnel gate simultaneously; The steel negative ring is composed of an open steel negative ring, a top block steel negative ring, a bottom block steel negative ring, a transition ring, and a support frame; S103: The shield machine is hoisted down to the well in two sections for assembly and commissioning; the shield propulsion cylinder is adjusted so that the concrete segment is exposed between 195mm and 205mm from the shield tail; S104: Pre-assemble 2 rings of concrete segments, use the starting cylinder assembly to push the shield machine to between 490mm-510mm from the tunnel door, and install the steel transition ring; S104: Break the cave door; The empty push is advanced 2.5m, the steel negative ring assembles the -8 ring and -7 ring into 2 rings, the cutterhead is attached to the tunnel face, the screw machine is installed, and the next stage is entered; S2: Steel negative ring excavation stage: S201: -6 ring excavation begins to approach the tunnel face, temporary sleeper tracks are laid at the wellhead, and a low-speed winch is installed at the reaction frame for traction of the earth bucket; S202: -5 ring excavation begins, and soil buckets are placed on the segment truck for temporary slag removal; S203: -4 ring ~ -1 ring steel negative ring normal excavation, steel -1 ring assembly is completed, the starting cylinder is fully retracted, the shield machine thrust cylinder is extended to tighten all the steel negative rings, starting cylinder assembly, reaction frame to form a whole, enter the 0 ring excavation stage; S204: Ring 0 and Ring +1 have been pre-assembled into a ring during the initial preparation stage; S3: bucket positive ring excavation stage; S4: excavation stage without trolley; S5: Excavation stage when dismounting the trolley.

2. A shield tunnel short-distance rapid excavation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S3 comprises the following steps: S301: Start excavation at ring 0, stop the machine after the shield machine propulsion cylinder is fully pushed into place, and seal the tunnel door; install the double-beam crane and temporary support at the same time, and the temporary support is planned to be pulled by a hand winch; S302: Arrange the pipelines and install all the pipelines on temporary supports; S303: +1~+17 ring excavation. In this stage, the soil bucket is still used to receive the soil. There is no segment feeder at the tail of the shield machine for the time being. The segment feeding function is achieved by manually pushing and pulling the track laid at the bottom of the segment.

3. A shield tunnel short-distance rapid excavation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The S4 comprises the following steps: S401: After the +17 ring is assembled, the machine is shut down and the temporary beam hanger and temporary sleeper tracks in the tunnel are removed; the formal sleeper tracks are replaced in the tunnel and the temporary tracks are replaced at the wellhead; the sheet feeder, belt conveyor and the first empty trolley are transported into the tunnel; S402: Remove the temporary track and support parts at the wellhead, install the track translation device, and install the sheet feeder and belt conveyor and extend the beam crane in the tunnel simultaneously; S403: The shield machine starts to work according to the normal excavation process: The transportation of slag and pipe segments consists of one electric locomotive, six pipe segment vehicles and six slag boxes. The pipe segment vehicles are equipped with slag boxes. Three pipe segment vehicles and one electric locomotive form a transport vehicle. One electric locomotive and two sets of pipe segment vehicles are placed on the track translation device. Two transport vehicles are used for one ring of pipe segments. S404: Excavation process: When the shield machine starts to advance, the transport vehicle with three empty soil boxes is already waiting in the tunnel to receive soil; the soil hoisting operation is carried out at the wellhead simultaneously; S405: The soil boxes of the transport vehicles are all fully loaded, and the shield machine is stopped; the fully loaded transport vehicles return to the wellhead, the electric locomotive is disconnected from the segment vehicle, the track translation device translates the track, the electric locomotive is connected to the empty material vehicle, and the crane performs the soil lifting operation; S406: The empty material truck enters the tunnel to receive the slag. After it is in place, the shield machine continues to advance. After the slag box at the wellhead is hoisted, it is placed in the vacant space next to the track translation device. After all three slag boxes are completed, the crane starts to hoist the pipe segments onto the pipe segment truck. S407: Since the segments cannot be parked at the segment feeder, the shield machine stops after the advancement is completed; the material vehicle loaded with slag returns to the wellhead, the electric locomotive is disconnected from the segment vehicle, and then the track is moved horizontally; the electric locomotive is connected to the segment vehicle loaded with segments, and after the connection is completed, it enters the tunnel, unloads and assembles at the same time; at the same time, the crane lifts the fully loaded slag box and puts it back in place after lifting; S408: After unloading the segments, the material truck returns to the wellhead, and another group of segment trucks lifts at most one box of slag. After lifting one box, the three slag boxes placed in the vacant land are lifted onto the segment truck that has just returned; after lifting, the transport truck enters the tunnel and waits for the shield machine to advance; the crane continues to lift the remaining fully loaded slag boxes; S409: The excavation process is a cycle, and then the excavation is continued and the process is repeated. The trolleys are gradually sent into the tunnel, and the pipelines are sent into the tunnel along with the trolleys.

4. A shield tunnel short-distance rapid excavation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The S5 comprises the following steps: S501: Trolleys are gradually sent into the tunnel, and pipelines are sent into the tunnel along with the trolleys; S502: The steps of transporting slag and pipe segments are the same as the normal excavation process in the non-trolley excavation stage.

5. A shield tunnel short-distance fast excavation device, based on the application of a shield tunnel short-distance fast excavation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The reaction frame (1) comprises a starting oil cylinder assembly (2) disposed on one side thereof, and a starting installation assembly (3) disposed on one side thereof; The originating installation assembly (3) comprises an originating frame (301), a support frame (302) and a bottom block-type steel negative ring (306) are connected above the originating frame (301), a top block-type steel negative ring (303) is connected above the support frame (302), an open-type steel negative ring (304) is connected to one side of the top block-type steel negative ring (303), a transition ring (305) is connected to one side of the top block-type steel negative ring (303) away from the open-type steel negative ring (304), and the open-type steel negative ring (304) and the transition ring (305) are respectively connected to the originating frame (301).

6. A shield tunnel short-distance rapid excavation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A track translation device (4) is provided on one side of the starting cylinder assembly (2), and the track translation device (4) comprises a fixed seat (401), a movable seat (402) is provided on the fixed seat (401), a trolley track (403) and an electric locomotive track (404) are respectively installed on the periphery of the movable seat (402), a translation cylinder (405) is connected to the bottom of the movable seat (402), one end of the translation cylinder (405) is connected to the fixed seat (401), a movable slider (406) is symmetrically connected to the bottom of the fixed seat (401), a linear guide rail (407) is slidably matched on one side of the movable slider (406), and the linear guide rail (407) is slidably matched with the fixed seat (401).

7. A shield tunnel short-distance rapid excavation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom of the fixing seat (401) is symmetrically connected to an adjustable support leg (5), and the bottom of the adjustable support leg (5) is symmetrically connected to an adjusting nut (6).

8. A shield tunnel short-distance rapid excavation device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A pipe segment (7) is provided on one side of the track translation device (4), a soil bucket (8) is provided on one side of the pipe segment (7), and a battery vehicle locomotive (9) is provided on one side of the soil bucket (8).

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