Diesel engine piston cooling nozzle device

Abstract

The invention discloses a diesel engine piston cooling nozzle device which comprises a nozzle body, and one end of the nozzle body is fixedly connected with a nozzle pipe. The other side of the nozzle body is connected with an oil quantity adjusting mechanism, and the upper end of the oil quantity adjusting mechanism is connected with a driving mechanism; the oil quantity adjusting mechanism is used for adjusting the injection quantity of engine oil provided for the nozzle pipe; the driving mechanism is used for controlling the oil quantity adjusting mechanism to work according to the operation rule of the piston. The corresponding oil injection quantity is matched based on the operation rule of the piston in the air cylinder, precise cooling of the piston is achieved, the cooling efficiency is improved, engine oil consumption is reduced, the engine oil pressure of a main oil duct is guaranteed, and the overall reliability and stability of a system are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of diesel engines, and in particular relates to a diesel engine piston cooling nozzle device. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of internal combustion engine technology, the requirements for piston cooling systems are becoming higher and higher. Traditional piston cooling nozzles generally spray with a fixed amount of oil. The problem is that the oil consumption of the fixed injection amount must meet the highest temperature working condition, which leads to high oil pressure in the main oil channel of the engine, affecting the supply of oil to other lubrication points. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the existing defects and provide a diesel engine piston cooling nozzle device, the purpose of which is to provide a piston cooling nozzle with adjustable injection amount according to the operating law of the piston, so as to achieve efficient and precise cooling of the piston.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a diesel engine piston cooling nozzle device, comprising a nozzle body, one end of which is fixedly connected to a nozzle tube; the other side of the nozzle body is connected to an oil quantity adjustment mechanism, and the upper end of the oil quantity adjustment mechanism is connected to a driving mechanism; the oil quantity adjustment mechanism comprises a pipe sleeve whose lower end is fixedly connected to the nozzle body, the pipe sleeve is connected to a preset oil passage inside the nozzle body, and the other end of the oil passage is connected to the nozzle tube for providing engine oil to the nozzle tube; a plug that can slide up and down is inserted into the pipe sleeve, the lower end of the plug extends out of the lower end surface of the pipe sleeve, and its side wall is provided with an oil outlet hole, and the oil outlet hole The plug is provided with an oil inlet hole on the upper side wall of the sleeve for connecting with the main oil passage of the diesel engine; the plug is provided with an oil through hole on the side wall for the oil in the main oil passage to flow through the oil inlet hole, the oil through hole, the plug and the oil outlet hole in sequence and then flow into the oil through hole; a spring is sleeved on the outer side of the plug; the upper end of the spring is supported by a baffle fixedly connected to the top of the plug, and the lower end of the spring is supported by the inner wall of the sleeve for driving the lower end of the plug to retract and close the oil outlet; one end of the driving mechanism abuts against the top of the baffle for controlling the up and down sliding of the plug.

[0005] As a further optimization, the driving mechanism includes a camshaft with a special-shaped cam; the camshaft is connected to the timing transmission mechanism of the diesel engine, and is used to drive the camshaft to rotate according to the reciprocating movement rhythm of the piston corresponding to the nozzle pipe; the circumferential side of the special-shaped cam supports the top of the baffle, and is used to control the up and down sliding of the insert tube and control the opening of the oil outlet hole when the camshaft rotates.

[0006] As a further optimization, the circumferential side of the special-shaped cam is divided into four areas, namely the intake area, compression area, power area and exhaust area in sequence; the intake area, compression area, power area and exhaust area correspond to the piston intake stroke, compression stroke, power stroke and exhaust stroke respectively, and are used to control the oil outlet opening during the intake stroke, compression stroke, power stroke and exhaust stroke respectively.

[0007] As a further optimization, the distance between the outermost edge of the intake area and the camshaft axis is smaller than the distance between the outermost edge of the exhaust area and the camshaft axis; the distance between the outermost edge of the exhaust area and the camshaft axis is smaller than the distance between the outermost edge of the power area and the camshaft axis; the distance between the outermost edge of the power area and the camshaft axis is equal to the distance between the outermost edge of the compression area and the camshaft axis.

[0008] As a further optimization, a sealing ring is provided on the outer wall of the pipe sleeve.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: based on the operating law of the piston in the cylinder, the corresponding oil injection amount is matched to achieve precise cooling of the piston, improve cooling efficiency, reduce oil consumption, ensure the oil pressure of the main oil channel, and improve the overall reliability and stability of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the outline structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0011] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a pipe sleeve in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0012] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a special-shaped cam in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0013] The correspondence between the technical features and the reference numerals in the figure is: nozzle body 1; nozzle tube 2; pipe sleeve 3; insert tube 31; oil outlet hole 32; oil inlet hole 33; oil through hole 34; spring 35; baffle 36; sealing ring 37; camshaft 4; special-shaped cam 41; intake area 42; compression area 43; working area 44; exhaust area 45. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0015] See also Figure 1-3 The present invention provides a technical solution: a diesel engine piston cooling nozzle device, including a nozzle body 1, a nozzle tube 2, an oil quantity adjustment mechanism, a driving mechanism, and a sealing device.

[0016] The nozzle body 1 is processed with an oil quantity adjustment mechanism mounting hole, which is clearance-fitted with the oil quantity adjustment mechanism and sealed with an O-ring; a light hole for mounting the nozzle tube 2 is processed, which is interference-fitted with the nozzle tube 2, and a threaded hole and a positioning pin hole for mounting the nozzle body 1 are processed.

[0017] The nozzle tube 2 is an integral type, and the nozzle port is reduced in diameter to ensure the oil injection effect. The nozzle tube 2 is installed on the nozzle body 1 by liquid nitrogen cooling.

[0018] The oil quantity regulating mechanism is a special one-way valve, which relies on the upper flange of the driving mechanism to transmit pressure to the oil quantity regulating mechanism to adjust the opening size of the oil outlet hole 32. The engine oil enters the oil quantity regulating mechanism from the main oil channel of the diesel engine, and then enters the nozzle body 1 from the oil quantity regulating mechanism to spray engine oil to cool the piston. The oil quantity regulating mechanism, the nozzle body 1 and the main oil channel of the diesel engine are sealed with O-rings to effectively prevent engine oil leakage.

[0019] The driving mechanism is a camshaft with four cams, which is designed according to the working conditions of a single cylinder.

[0020] The sealing device is provided with a positioning pin hole and a light hole, which fits with the nozzle body 1 to seal the engine oil.

[0021] It can be seen that the diesel engine piston cooling nozzle device comprises a nozzle body 1, one end of which is fixedly connected to a nozzle tube 2; the other side of the nozzle body 1 is connected to an oil quantity regulating mechanism, and the upper end of the oil quantity regulating mechanism is connected to a driving mechanism; the oil quantity regulating mechanism comprises a pipe sleeve 3 whose lower end is fixedly connected to the nozzle body 1, the pipe sleeve 3 is connected to a preset oil passage inside the nozzle body 1, and the other end of the oil passage is connected to the nozzle tube 2 for supplying engine oil to the nozzle tube 2; a plug 31 which can slide up and down is inserted in the pipe sleeve 3, the lower end of the plug 31 extends out of the lower end surface of the pipe sleeve 3, and the side wall thereof is provided with an oil outlet hole 32, the oil outlet hole 32 corresponds to the lower end surface of the pipe sleeve 3, and is used when the oil outlet hole 32 is connected to the lower end surface of the pipe sleeve 3. The opening of the oil outlet hole 32 is controlled when the insert tube 31 slides up and down; an oil inlet hole 33 is provided on the upper side wall of the pipe sleeve 3 for connecting to the main oil channel of the diesel engine; an oil through hole 34 is provided on the side wall of the insert tube 31 for the oil in the main oil channel to flow through the oil inlet hole 33, the oil through hole 34, the insert tube 31 and the oil outlet hole 32 in sequence and then flow into the oil through channel; a spring 35 is sleeved on the outer side of the insert tube 31; the upper end of the spring 35 is supported by a baffle 36 fixedly connected to the top of the insert tube 31, and the lower end thereof is supported by the inner wall of the pipe sleeve 3 for driving the lower end of the insert tube 31 to retract and close the oil outlet hole 32; one end of the driving mechanism abuts against the top of the baffle 36 for controlling the upward and downward sliding of the insert tube 31.

[0022] Among them, there is a precision oil passage inside the nozzle body 1 to ensure the oil flow rate at the end of the oil nozzle tube 2. The nozzle tube 2 is a precision oil passage to ensure the effective injection and atomization of the oil and prevent the oil beam from diverging. The oil quantity adjustment mechanism is a one-way valve driven by a driving mechanism, which can effectively adjust the oil quantity according to the driving real-time mechanism. The driving mechanism can at least be an electric cylinder, which is designed according to the ignition sequence of the diesel engine to ensure the amount of lubricating oil in each stroke stage of the piston. A sealing gasket is provided on the outer wall of the sleeve 3, and the sealing device is a gasket of a metal nitrile foam rubber material to effectively prevent oil leakage.

[0023] The preferred driving mechanism of this embodiment includes a camshaft 4 with a special-shaped cam 41; the camshaft 4 is connected to the timing transmission mechanism of the diesel engine, and is used to drive the camshaft 4 to rotate according to the reciprocating movement rhythm of the piston corresponding to the nozzle pipe 2; the circumferential side of the special-shaped cam 41 supports the top of the baffle 36, and is used to control the up and down sliding of the insert tube 31 and control the opening of the oil outlet hole 32 when the camshaft 4 rotates.

[0024] It can be seen that in the four strokes of the cylinder, the intake stroke has the lowest temperature, about 370 to 400 K, and the power stroke has the highest temperature, which can reach 2200 to 2800 K. Therefore, the circumferential side of the special-shaped cam 41 can be divided into an exhaust area 45 and a power area 44, which respectively control the center distance of the outermost edge of the cam to adjust the injection amount.

[0025] More preferably, the circumferential side of the special-shaped cam 41 is divided into four areas according to four strokes, which are the intake area 42, the compression area 43, the power area 44 and the exhaust area 45 in sequence; the intake area 42, the compression area 43, the power area 44 and the exhaust area 45 correspond to the intake stroke, compression stroke, power stroke and exhaust stroke of the piston respectively, and are used to control the opening of the oil outlet hole 32 during the intake stroke, compression stroke, power stroke and exhaust stroke respectively.

[0026] Further optimization is that the distance between the outermost edge of the intake area 42 and the axis of the camshaft 4 is smaller than the distance between the outermost edge of the exhaust area 45 and the axis of the camshaft 4; the distance between the outermost edge of the exhaust area 45 and the axis of the camshaft 4 is smaller than the distance between the outermost edge of the working area 44 and the axis of the camshaft 4; the distance between the outermost edge of the working area 44 and the axis of the camshaft 4 is equal to the distance between the outermost edge of the compression area 43 and the axis of the camshaft 4. The distance between the outermost edge and the axis of the camshaft 4 is the center distance of each area.

[0027] Its principle is as follows Figure 3As shown, the intake stroke corresponds to the lowest cylinder temperature. When the intake area 42 presses the baffle 36, due to the smallest center distance, the plug 31 retracts and the opening of the oil outlet 32 ​​is the smallest, thereby controlling the oil output of the nozzle tube 2 and reducing fuel consumption. The compression temperature corresponds to the second lowest temperature, so when the compression area 45 presses the baffle 36, the center distance expands, resulting in an increase in the extension of the plug 31 and an increase in the opening of the oil outlet 32; while the power stroke temperature is the highest, the opening of the oil outlet 32 ​​corresponding to the maximum oil injection amount is the largest, and the center distance corresponding to the power area 44 is the largest; the temperature of the exhaust area 43 is also relatively high, and in order to reduce the piston temperature, it still works at the maximum oil output.

[0028] The advantages of this embodiment are: 1. Efficient cooling: by adjusting the injection oil volume, accurate cooling of the piston is achieved, thereby improving cooling efficiency; 2. Precise control: the oil volume adjustment mechanism ensures that the nozzle always maintains the optimal injection oil volume, thereby achieving accurate injection; 3. Improved reliability: the sealing device effectively prevents oil leakage, thereby improving the overall reliability and stability of the system.

[0029] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A diesel engine piston cooling nozzle device, comprising a nozzle body (1), one end of the nozzle body (1) being fixedly connected to a nozzle tube (2); characterized in that: The other side of the nozzle body (1) is connected to an oil quantity regulating mechanism, and the upper end of the oil quantity regulating mechanism is connected to a driving mechanism; The oil quantity regulating mechanism comprises a pipe sleeve (3) whose lower end is fixedly connected to the nozzle body (1); the pipe sleeve (3) is communicated with a preset oil passage inside the nozzle body (1); the other end of the oil passage is communicated with the nozzle pipe (2) and is used to supply engine oil to the nozzle pipe (2); a plug (31) is inserted into the pipe sleeve (3) and can slide up and down; the lower end of the plug (31) extends out of the lower end surface of the pipe sleeve (3); and an oil outlet hole (32) is provided on its side wall; the oil outlet hole (32) corresponds to the lower end surface of the pipe sleeve (3) and is used to control the opening of the oil outlet hole (32) when the plug (31) slides up and down; An oil inlet hole (33) is provided on the upper side wall of the pipe sleeve (3) for communicating with the main oil passage of the diesel engine; an oil through hole (34) is provided on the side wall of the insert pipe (31) for the oil in the main oil passage to flow through the oil inlet hole (33), the oil through hole (34), the insert pipe (31) and the oil outlet hole (32) in sequence and then flow into the oil through passage; a spring (35) is sleeved on the outer side of the insert pipe (31); the upper end of the spring (35) is supported by a baffle (36) fixedly connected to the top end of the insert pipe (31), and the lower end of the spring (35) is supported by the inner wall of the pipe sleeve (3) for driving the lower end of the insert pipe (31) to retract so as to close the oil outlet hole (32); One end of the driving mechanism abuts against the top end of the baffle (36) to control the upward and downward sliding of the insertion tube (31).

2. A diesel engine piston cooling nozzle device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism comprises a camshaft (4) with a special-shaped cam (41); the camshaft (4) is connected to the timing transmission mechanism of the diesel engine and is used to drive the camshaft (4) to rotate according to the reciprocating movement rhythm of the piston corresponding to the nozzle pipe (2); the circumferential side of the special-shaped cam (41) supports the top end of the baffle (36) and is used to control the upward and downward sliding of the insert pipe (31) and control the opening of the oil outlet hole (32) when the camshaft (4) rotates.

3. A diesel engine piston cooling nozzle device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The circumferential side of the special-shaped cam (41) is divided into four areas, which are respectively an intake area (42), a compression area (43), a power area (44) and an exhaust area (45); the intake area (42), the compression area (43), the power area (44) and the exhaust area (45) correspond to the intake stroke, the compression stroke, the power stroke and the exhaust stroke of the piston respectively, and are used to control the opening of the oil outlet hole (32) during the intake stroke, the compression stroke, the power stroke and the exhaust stroke respectively.

4. A diesel engine piston cooling nozzle device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The distance between the outermost edge of the intake zone (42) and the axis of the camshaft (4) is smaller than the distance between the outermost edge of the exhaust zone (45) and the axis of the camshaft (4); the distance between the outermost edge of the exhaust zone (45) and the axis of the camshaft (4) is smaller than the distance between the outermost edge of the power zone (44) and the axis of the camshaft (4); the distance between the outermost edge of the power zone (44) and the axis of the camshaft (4) is equal to the distance between the outermost edge of the compression zone (43) and the axis of the camshaft (4).

5. A diesel engine piston cooling nozzle device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing ring (37) is provided on the outer wall of the pipe sleeve (3).

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