Offshore floating type wind power steel shell concrete composite structure platform and construction method

Abstract

The invention relates to an offshore floating type wind power steel shell concrete composite structure platform and a construction method, the platform comprises a steel shell, and the steel shell comprises an outer side steel shell and an inner side steel shell which are arranged at an interval; the inner concrete filling layer is filled between the outer side steel shell and the inner side steel shell; the connecting structure is arranged at the joint of the steel shell and the internal concrete filling layer and used for enhancing the connecting rigidity and stability of the steel shell and the concrete; the connecting structure comprises transverse reinforcing rib plates, longitudinal reinforcing rib plates, partition plates and anti-shear studs, the transverse reinforcing rib plates and the longitudinal reinforcing rib plates are arranged in a grid shape, the space between the outer side steel shell and the inner side steel shell is divided into a plurality of areas through the partition plates, and the anti-shear studs are used for enhancing the anti-shear capacity between the steel shells and concrete. Through innovative connection structure design, a steel structure is combined with concrete, efficient and intelligent hole design is combined with an advanced sensing technology, automatic control and intelligent monitoring, the construction quality of the structure is guaranteed, and an efficient and low-maintenance structural form is provided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of offshore wind power, and in particular to an offshore floating wind power steel shell concrete composite structure platform and a construction method. Background Art

[0002] Offshore wind power foundation is an important part of wind farms, and its design and construction directly affect the stability and power generation efficiency of wind turbines. Traditional offshore wind power foundations mainly use fixed foundations, such as gravity foundations and pile foundations. However, as offshore wind power develops into deep sea, floating wind power foundations have gradually become a hot spot for research and application due to their advantages such as adaptability to deep sea environments, easy installation, and low requirements for seabed conditions.

[0003] At present, offshore floating wind power foundations mostly use steel structures. Although steel structures have the advantages of high strength, high rigidity, flexible design, and easy manufacturing, they still have problems with corrosion, fatigue, weight, and construction and maintenance. Steel structures are exposed to salt water and moisture in the marine environment for a long time, and are prone to corrosion, resulting in a decrease in structural strength and a shortened service life. To prevent corrosion, steel structures need to be treated with anti-corrosion measures such as coating and cathodic protection. These measures increase construction and maintenance costs. The on-site construction and installation of steel structures require high-precision and high-strength connections. The offshore operating environment is harsh and the construction is difficult. The maintenance of steel structures is complex and frequent, requiring professional equipment and technology, and has high maintenance costs.

[0004] Therefore, how to optimize the floating wind turbine platform structure, improve its strength and reduce maintenance costs has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and to provide an offshore floating wind turbine steel shell concrete composite structure platform and a construction method, which combines the high tensile properties of the steel structure and the high compressive properties of the concrete structure to form a floating wind turbine platform foundation with excellent mechanical properties and good structural durability.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an offshore floating wind power steel shell concrete composite structure platform, comprising

[0007] Steel shell, including an outer steel shell and an inner steel shell arranged at intervals,

[0008] An internal concrete filling layer is filled between the outer steel shell and the inner steel shell.

[0009] A connection structure, arranged at the connection between the steel shell and the internal concrete filling layer, for enhancing the connection rigidity and stability between the steel shell and the concrete;

[0010] The connection structure includes transverse reinforcing ribs, longitudinal reinforcing ribs, partitions, and shear studs. The transverse reinforcing ribs and the longitudinal reinforcing ribs are arranged in a grid shape. The partitions divide the outer steel shell and the inner steel shell into multiple areas. The shear studs are used to enhance the shear resistance between the steel shell and concrete.

[0011] Preferably, the transverse reinforcing ribs and the longitudinal reinforcing ribs are fixed to the inner surface of the steel shell, the transverse reinforcing ribs are arranged perpendicular to the long axis direction of the steel shell, and the longitudinal reinforcing ribs are arranged along the long axis direction of the steel shell.

[0012] Preferably, the partition includes a transverse partition and a longitudinal partition, the transverse partition is arranged perpendicular to the long axis direction of the steel shell, and the longitudinal partition is arranged along the long axis direction of the steel shell.

[0013] Preferably, the shear studs are distributed along the surfaces of the transverse reinforcing ribs, the longitudinal reinforcing ribs and the partitions, and the shear studs are anchored in concrete.

[0014] Preferably, the contact surface between the partition and the concrete is roughened.

[0015] Preferably, the surfaces of the outer steel shell and the inner steel shell are coated with an anti-corrosion coating, and the inner concrete filling layer is made of self-compacting concrete material.

[0016] Preferably, it also includes: steel shell concrete pouring holes, including pouring holes, exhaust holes and pre-buried holes, the pouring holes are used for pouring concrete, the exhaust holes are used for exhausting gas, and the pre-buried holes are used to provide holes for pre-buried pipes.

[0017] Preferably, the casting hole includes an adjustable valve, a pressure sensor, and an automatic feedback system. The pressure sensor is installed downstream of the adjustable valve, close to the concrete inlet pipe at the entrance of the casting hole. The flow and pressure data of the concrete are collected through the pressure sensor, and the automatic feedback system adjusts the opening and closing degree of the adjustable valve in real time.

[0018] Preferably, the automatic feedback system adjusts the opening and closing degree of the adjustable valve, and the control equation is as follows:

[0019]

[0020] Where: u(t) is the opening degree of the valve; e(t) is the error between the target flow rate / pressure and the actual flow rate / pressure, K p , K i , K d are the proportional, integral and differential gain coefficients respectively.

[0021] Preferably, the exhaust hole includes an adjustable valve, a control system, and a sensor. The sensor is installed inside the steel shell. The sensor sends gas pressure data to the control system, and the control system adjusts the opening and closing degree of the adjustable valve in real time.

[0022] Preferably, when the sensor detects that the gas pressure reaches a set threshold, the control system automatically opens the valve of the corresponding exhaust hole to discharge the gas; after the gas discharge is completed, the sensor detects that the pressure returns to normal, and the control system automatically closes the valve; the valve opening during gas discharge is expressed by the following formula:

[0023]

[0024] Where: Q is the exhaust flow, C d is the flow coefficient of the exhaust hole, A is the valve opening area, P in is the gas pressure inside the steel shell, P out is the external environmental pressure, ρ is the air density;

[0025] The control system is based on the real-time monitored pressure difference P in -P out Automatically adjust the opening and closing degree A of the valve.

[0026] In a second aspect, the present invention provides an offshore floating wind power plant, which adopts any one of the offshore floating wind power plant steel shell concrete composite structure platforms.

[0027] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a construction method of an offshore floating wind power steel shell concrete composite structure platform, which is used to construct any of the above-mentioned offshore floating wind power steel shell concrete composite structure platforms, comprising the following steps:

[0028] S1: The steel shell adopts modular design, which divides the steel shell into several independent modules. Each module is processed in the manufacturing plant, and welding interfaces are reserved on the edge of the module. The steel shell modules are transported to the construction site and spliced ​​by welding to form a complete steel shell structure.

[0029] S2: The interior of the steel shell is used as a concrete pouring template. Concrete is injected through the preset pouring holes on the steel shell. The opening and closing degree of the adjustable valve is adjusted by the automatic feedback system during the concrete pouring process. The control equation is as follows:

[0030]

[0031] Where: u(t) is the opening degree of the valve; e(t) is the error between the target flow rate / pressure and the actual flow rate / pressure, K p , K i , K dare the proportional, integral and differential gain coefficients respectively.

[0032] S3: Exhaust holes are set around the steel shell to discharge the gas generated during the pouring process. The control system is based on the real-time monitored pressure difference P in -P out Automatically adjust the valve opening degree A. The valve opening degree during gas discharge is expressed by the following formula:

[0033]

[0034] Where: Q is the exhaust flow, C d is the flow coefficient of the exhaust hole, A is the valve opening area, P in is the gas pressure inside the steel shell, P out is the external environmental pressure, ρ is the air density;

[0035] S4: After the concrete pouring and exhaust are completed, the pouring holes and exhaust holes are sealed.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0037] The present invention proposes a new type of steel-concrete-steel (steel shell concrete) offshore floating wind power foundation structure. The steel shell provides high tensile strength, and the concrete filling layer provides excellent compressive resistance. The combination of the two makes the platform have higher overall strength and stability. The steel shell can effectively prevent seawater from corroding the concrete and improve the durability of the structure. Through the innovative connection structure design, the steel structure is combined with concrete, which not only maintains the high strength of the steel, but also enhances the corrosion resistance and durability of the structure, reduces the maintenance requirements of the platform, and increases its service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an offshore floating wind power plant described in the present invention.

[0039] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the outer column described in the present invention.

[0040] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the connection between the outer column and the horizontal pontoon wing described in the present invention.

[0041] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the horizontal pontoon wing of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the partial internal structure of the horizontal pontoon wing described in the present invention.

[0043] Figure 6It is a longitudinal section view of the connection between the horizontal pontoon wing and the outer column described in the present invention.

[0044] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the adjustable valve and sensor described in the present invention.

[0045] Markings in the figure:

[0046] 1- Outer steel shell,

[0047] 2-Internal concrete filling layer,

[0048] 3-Inner steel shell,

[0049] 4-connection structure, 41-transverse reinforcing ribs, 42-longitudinal reinforcing ribs, 43-partitions, 44-shear studs,

[0050] 5-Steel shell concrete pouring hole, 51-Pouring hole, 52-Vent hole,

[0051] 6- Upper fan structure,

[0052] 7- horizontal pontoon wing, 71- pontoon module,

[0053] 8- Float center block,

[0054] 9-Center column,

[0055] 10-External columns,

[0056] 11- Mooring module,

[0057] 12-cabin,

[0058] 13- Cabin dividers,

[0059] 14-Adjustable valve,

[0060] 15-Concrete inlet pipe,

[0061] 16-Sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. However, this should not be understood as the scope of the above subject matter of the present invention being limited to the following embodiments, and all technologies realized based on the content of the present invention belong to the scope of the present invention.

[0063] Unless otherwise specified, in the description of the specific embodiments of the present invention, the terms indicating the orientation or position relationship such as "up", "down", "left", "right", "center", "inside", "outside", etc. are all based on the expression of the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, or are the orientation or position relationship when the invented product / equipment / device is usually used. These terms of orientation or position relationship are only for the convenience of describing the scheme of the present invention or simplifying the description in the specific embodiments, so as to facilitate the technicians to quickly understand the scheme, and do not indicate or imply that a specific device / component / element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific position relationship, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0064] In addition, if the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging", "parallel" and the like appear, it does not mean that the corresponding devices / components / elements are required to be absolutely horizontal or vertical or overhanging or parallel, but may be slightly tilted or have deviations. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but may be slightly tilted. Alternatively, it can be simplified to mean that the corresponding devices / components / elements are set in directions such as "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging", "parallel", etc., and can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction setting, more preferably an error / deviation within ±8%, more preferably an error / deviation within ±6%, more preferably an error / deviation within ±5%, and more preferably an error / deviation within ±4%. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still achieve its role in the scheme of the present invention.

[0065] In addition, the expressions “first”, “second”, “third”, etc., which appear in the terms, are merely used to distinguish the description of the same or similar components and should not be understood as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of specific components.

[0066] In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "several", "plurality" and "a number" represent at least 2. It can be any number such as 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and even more than 9.

[0067] In addition, in the description of the technical solution of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified / defined / restricted, the terms "set", "install", "connect", "connected", "provided with", "laid", and "arranged" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection, and can be welding, riveting, bolting, threading, and other commonly used connection means in the field. This connection can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal connection of two elements.

[0068] Example 1

[0069] like Figure 1 As shown, an offshore floating wind turbine includes an upper wind turbine structure 6, a horizontal pontoon wing 7, a pontoon center block 8, a center column 9, an outer column 10, a mooring module 11, etc.

[0070] Among them, Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, an offshore floating wind power steel shell concrete composite structure platform includes a steel shell, an internal concrete filling layer 2, a connection structure 4, etc. Among them:

[0071] The steel shell includes an outer steel shell 1 and an inner steel shell 3 which are arranged at intervals, and the inner concrete filling layer 2 is filled between the outer steel shell 1 and the inner steel shell 3. That is, the platform has two layers of inner and outer steel shells, and concrete is filled between the two layers of steel shells to form a steel-concrete-steel (steel shell concrete) structure.

[0072] The outer steel shell 1 is mainly used to resist external loads in the marine environment, such as wave impact, wind force, water flow pressure, and long-term seawater corrosion. It is the main force-bearing part of the structure, providing external protection and ensuring the stability of the overall structure. The thickness of the outer steel shell 1 is preferably between 10mm and 40mm according to the force requirements of the structure in different parts. In areas subject to larger local loads (such as the platform's connection structure, bottom, and anchor connection area), the thickness of the outer steel shell 1 needs to be thickened to enhance local stiffness and impact resistance. The thickness of the outer steel shell 1 includes a corrosion allowance of 2mm to 5mm. The surface of the outer steel shell 1 is coated with an anti-corrosion coating, such as an epoxy coating or a hot-dip galvanized coating, to enhance its durability in the marine environment.

[0073] The inner steel shell 3 is used to enhance the overall rigidity of the structure and bear the internal load together with the concrete. The thickness of the inner steel shell 3 is preferably between 8 mm and 30 mm, which is selected according to the stress conditions of the structure and the construction requirements. In addition, the inner steel shell 3 also needs to provide a good bonding surface between the steel shell and the concrete.

[0074] The steel shell is made of high-strength steel plate material, Q345 or above, which can withstand large tensile and shear forces. Figure 2 , 4 As shown, the inner and outer steel shells can be divided into multiple modules, and the structure adopts a modular design. Each module can be independently manufactured and spliced ​​on site by welding to form an integral structure, and the welds can be full-penetration welds. For example, the horizontal pontoon wing 7 can be assembled from a number of pontoon modules 71.

[0075] Internal concrete filling layer 2: The steel shell is filled with self-compacting high-fluidity concrete. The concrete filling layer has excellent compressive resistance and can enhance the overall rigidity and bearing capacity of the floating platform. Concrete can be made of seawater corrosion-resistant materials (such as ultra-high performance concrete, waterproof materials and anti-corrosion coatings on the concrete surface, etc.) to ensure that it will not degrade or crack in the long-term marine environment. The outer steel shell 1 and the inner steel shell 3 form a closed space as a formwork for concrete. The concrete is poured without the need to remove the formwork. Concrete is poured into the formwork space formed by the steel plate to ensure the compactness and uniformity of the concrete.

[0076] In order to enhance the connection rigidity and stability between the concrete and the steel shell, a connection structure 4 is also provided between the concrete and the steel shell. That is, the connection structure 4 is provided at the connection between the steel shell and the internal concrete filling layer 2, and the connection structure 4 is used to enhance the connection rigidity and stability between the steel shell and the concrete, enhance the bonding force between the two, and prevent separation caused by stress concentration.

[0077] Specifically, the connection structure 4 includes a transverse reinforcement rib 41 , a longitudinal reinforcement rib 42 , a partition 43 , and shear studs 44 .

[0078] The transverse reinforcing ribs 41 are arranged perpendicular to the long axis direction of the structure, and are mainly used to improve the local stiffness of the steel shell, increase the bonding surface between the steel shell and the concrete, and prevent peeling due to stress concentration in the local area. The longitudinal reinforcing ribs 42 are arranged along the long axis direction of the structure to enhance the overall longitudinal stiffness, help disperse and transmit the tension, shear force and bending moment along the longitudinal direction. The transverse reinforcing ribs 41 and the longitudinal reinforcing ribs 42 are arranged in a grid shape and evenly distributed on the inner surface of the steel shell to provide comprehensive stiffness and bonding enhancement effects. The spacing and thickness of the ribs are optimized according to the design load and structural dimensions, preferably with a spacing between 500mm and 1000mm, and a thickness of 10mm to 20mm. The ribs are connected to the steel shell by welding to ensure that they form an integral body with the steel shell. The contact surface between the ribs and the concrete can be roughened to enhance the mechanical bite with the concrete.

[0079] The partition 43 divides the outer steel shell 1 and the inner steel shell 3 into multiple areas. The partition 43 is used to divide the interior of the steel shell structure into multiple closed or semi-closed areas, increase the rigidity of the interior of the steel shell, and provide more bonding surfaces, which helps to resist internal stress changes, reduce local deformation of the structure under load, effectively prevent lateral pressure generated by large-volume concrete during pouring, and provide additional support to prevent local deformation. The partition 43 can be a steel plate or a hollow truss, which is connected to the surface of the inner and outer steel shells by welding, and the contact surface between the partition 43 and the concrete is roughened to improve its bonding strength with the concrete.

[0080] The transverse partitions are arranged perpendicular to the long axis of the structure, and the longitudinal partitions are arranged along the long axis of the structure. The spacing is determined according to the size and force requirements of the structure, preferably 1 to 3 meters. The thickness of the partition is usually selected according to the design load of the platform, preferably 8 to 20 mm. The space formed between the partitions helps the stability of the concrete pouring and provides additional support for the steel shell after hardening. The partitions can be made of high-strength steel, such as Q345 or above, with sufficient tensile, bending and shear resistance.

[0081] The shear bolts 44 are used to enhance the shear resistance between the steel shell and the concrete to prevent relative slippage between the two under load. By anchoring the bolts in the concrete, the shear force can be effectively transmitted to ensure the coordinated force between the steel shell and the concrete. The shear bolts can improve the bonding strength between the steel shell and the concrete, especially when subjected to horizontal or lateral forces, they can significantly enhance the shear resistance. The shear bolts are distributed along the surface of the ribs and partitions. The diameter of the bolts is preferably 15mm to 25mm, the length is preferably 100mm to 150mm, and the spacing is preferably between 150mm and 300mm, depending on the structural load requirements and the thickness of the steel shell. The bolt head is designed to be round or cross-shaped to increase the anchoring force with the concrete. The shear bolts are fixed to the steel shell and the partition by welding.

[0082] The transverse reinforcing ribs 41, the longitudinal reinforcing ribs 42, the partitions 43, and the shear bolts 44 work together to effectively evenly distribute the external load to the entire steel shell-concrete structure, avoid excessive stress concentration in local areas, and prevent peeling or slipping between the two. This structural design ensures that the steel shell and concrete can be synergistically stressed, effectively improving the impact resistance, fatigue resistance and bending resistance of the entire floating wind turbine platform, thereby enhancing the safety and durability of the structure.

[0083] Furthermore, it preferably also includes: steel shell concrete pouring holes 5.

[0084] The steel shell concrete pouring holes 5 include pouring holes 51, exhaust holes 52 and pre-buried holes. The pouring holes 51 are used for pouring concrete, the exhaust holes 52 are used for exhausting gas, and the pre-buried holes are used to provide holes for pre-buried pipelines.

[0085] like Figure 7 As shown, the casting hole 51 includes an adjustable valve 14, a pressure sensor 16, an automatic feedback system, a sealing structure, and a blocking device.

[0086] A plurality of reserved pouring holes 51 are arranged in the steel shell structure, and the diameter of the holes is adjusted according to the specific pouring requirements and the size of the platform, and can be taken as 100mm to 500mm. The holes are evenly distributed on the outer steel shell surface of the concrete pouring area to ensure stability during the pouring process. The hole opening is equipped with an adjustable valve 14 to control the concrete flow and pouring sequence. The valve body is made of corrosion-resistant stainless steel, such as 2205 duplex stainless steel and 2507 super duplex stainless steel, to ensure its durability and stability in the marine environment. The valve has sufficient strength to cope with the pressure generated during the high-pressure concrete pumping process. An adjustable baffle is arranged in the valve, which is adjusted by an electronic control system and can adjust the opening according to different construction stages. By adjusting the angle of the baffle, the flow of concrete can be controlled to ensure uniformity during the pouring process, and the pouring sequence is to pour gradually from the lower area to the upper area first.

[0087] The valve is equipped with a pressure sensor 16 to monitor the pressure and flow rate of the concrete in real time. When the concrete flow rate is too fast or too slow, the system will automatically adjust the position of the baffle to achieve precise control. By adjusting the opening size of the valve, the concrete flow rate and flow rate are controlled to ensure that the concrete flow rate is moderate and avoid stratification or cold joint problems caused by one-time large-volume pouring. The pressure sensor should be installed downstream of the adjustable valve 14, such as at the concrete inlet pipe 15 near the entrance of the concrete pouring hole. This position can accurately detect the pressure change of concrete when it flows into the hole.

[0088] The valve is connected to the automatic feedback system, which collects data such as the flow rate and pressure of concrete through sensors. The automatic feedback system adjusts the opening and closing of the valve in real time. The automatic feedback system can automatically adjust the pouring speed of concrete according to the on-site working conditions to avoid stratification or accumulation problems caused by excessive speed. The automatic feedback system can issue an alarm when abnormal conditions occur (such as concrete blockage or excessive flow rate) and automatically reduce the valve opening to prevent concrete accumulation or overflow.

[0089] A sealing ring, such as a rubber sealing ring or a polyurethane sealing strip, is arranged around the casting hole 51. The sealing ring is connected to the steel shell by bolts or welding, which further improves the sealing and pressure resistance of the hole, prevents seawater from penetrating into the steel shell and concrete, and ensures the long-term waterproofness of the platform.

[0090] After pouring, the hole is sealed with a plugging device. The device may include a steel plugging plate and a waterproof sealing ring, which is firmly fixed to the hole by welding or bolting to the outer steel shell to ensure that there is no leakage after pouring.

[0091] The automatic feedback system is mainly based on the data collected by the sensor (concrete flow, pressure), and achieves precise control of the concrete pouring process by adjusting the opening and closing degree of the valve. The following are the steps of its working process:

[0092] S1 sensor monitoring data: The sensor is installed downstream of the adjustable valve to monitor the flow rate and pressure of concrete in real time. The data collected by the sensor is transmitted to the control system.

[0093] S2 automatic regulating valve: The control system controls the ideal concrete flow rate or pressure range, compares the sensor data with the preset target parameters, and when it detects that the flow rate deviates from the threshold, the control system will adjust the opening and closing of the valve to regulate the flow.

[0094] S3 feedback mechanism: The PID controller accurately adjusts the valve opening to achieve stable control of concrete flow.

[0095] The governing equation is as follows:

[0096]

[0097] Where: u(t) is the opening degree of the valve; e(t) is the error between the target flow rate / pressure and the actual flow rate / pressure, K p , K i , K d are the proportional, integral and differential gain coefficients respectively.

[0098] like Figure 7 As shown, the exhaust hole 52 includes an adjustable valve 14, a control system, a sensor 16, a sealing device, and a blocking device.

[0099] The exhaust holes 52 are evenly arranged around the outer steel shell of the cabin. The diameter of each exhaust hole 52 is selected according to the size of the structure and the fluidity of the concrete, and the diameter is preferably 50mm to 300mm. The exhaust hole also has the function of a vibrating hole. Each exhaust hole is equipped with an adjusting valve 14, which can adjust the opening and closing degree manually or automatically according to the gas discharge situation. The adjustable valve 14 can be connected to the control system through a sensor system, and automatically opened or closed in real time according to the accumulation of gas. The adjustable valve 14 is made of corrosion-resistant stainless steel to ensure durability for long-term use in a marine environment.

[0100] The exhaust vent is connected to the control system, and the system monitors the air pressure changes during concrete pouring in real time through sensors installed inside and outside the steel shell. When the sensor detects that the internal gas accumulation reaches a certain level, the control system will automatically open the corresponding exhaust vent to exhaust, and automatically close the exhaust vent after the gas is discharged, ensuring accurate control of the exhaust process to avoid too much or too little gas in the concrete. During the pouring of large-volume concrete, the opening of the exhaust vent is carried out in stages. In the early stage of pouring, the bottom layer of concrete is completed by natural exhaust. As the height of the concrete increases, the high-level exhaust vents are opened layer by layer to exhaust the gas generated by concrete deposition. After each pouring is completed, the control system will automatically detect the exhaust vent to ensure that there is no gas residue, and adjust the opening and closing time of the exhaust vent according to the pressure changes fed back by the sensor.

[0101] To prevent seawater or other liquids from entering the steel shell structure, waterproof sealing rings, such as neoprene or polyurethane sealing strips, are set around the exhaust holes. The sealing ring ensures that the exhaust holes can be completely sealed after the concrete pouring is completed, and there will be no water seepage problems.

[0102] After the pouring is completed and the exhaust is completed, the exhaust hole is sealed by a detachable sealing device. The sealing device can be composed of a steel plate and a rubber sealing ring to ensure the water tightness of the structure.

[0103] The automatic regulating valve opening and closing degree of the exhaust hole structure is based on the monitoring of the gas pressure inside the concrete. The system will automatically open or close the valve according to the gas accumulation in the concrete. The specific feedback steps are as follows:

[0104] S1 Gas Pressure Monitoring: The sensor is installed inside the steel shell to monitor the accumulation of gas inside the concrete in real time. The sensor will send gas pressure data to the control system.

[0105] S2 control system judgment: When the sensor detects that the gas pressure reaches the set threshold, the control system automatically opens the corresponding exhaust hole to discharge the gas.

[0106] S3 automatic closing: After the gas discharge is completed, the sensor detects that the pressure returns to normal and the system automatically closes the valve.

[0107] The valve opening when the gas is discharged can be expressed using the following formula:

[0108]

[0109] Where: Q is the exhaust flow, C d is the flow coefficient of the exhaust hole, A is the valve opening area, P in is the gas pressure inside the steel shell, P out is the external environmental pressure, ρ is the air density;

[0110] The control system is based on the real-time monitored pressure difference P in -P out Automatically adjust the opening and closing degree A of the valve.

[0111] Pre-buried holes are used to provide holes for pre-buried pipes for subsequent construction or equipment installation, and are used for laying cables, wires, pipes, etc. The diameter of the pipe perforation is designed according to the size of the specific pipe or cable, preferably 20mm to 200mm. The pre-buried holes are arranged before concrete pouring, and pipes or lines are pre-installed in the pipe holes. The holes need to be sealed to ensure that the pipes in the pre-buried pipe holes are isolated from the external environment.

[0112] Cabin 12: To ensure the buoyancy and stability of the platform, a plurality of hollow compartment structures are designed in the concrete filling layer and the inner steel plate. These cabins 12 may be formed by cabin partitions 13. These cabins 12 may be filled with ballast water or air according to the design requirements of the platform to adjust the buoyancy and inclination of the platform, thereby improving the stability of the floating wind turbine platform in the marine environment.

[0113] The mooring module 11 can be a catenary, a tension bar, a semi-tension mooring or a combination thereof. The mooring module 11 can be connected to a floating platform or a pontoon to provide restoring force and tension.

[0114] The present invention proposes a new type of steel-concrete-steel offshore floating wind power foundation structure. The steel shell provides high tensile strength, and the concrete filling layer provides excellent compressive resistance. The combination of the two makes the platform have higher overall strength and stability. The surface of the steel shell is coated with an anti-corrosion coating, and the concrete uses seawater corrosion-resistant materials, which greatly enhances the durability and corrosion resistance of the platform in the marine environment. With a modular design, the various components of the platform can be prefabricated on land and then assembled at sea, reducing the difficulty and cost of construction. Through innovative connection structure design and efficient and intelligent hole design, the uniformity and density of the casting between the steel shell and the concrete filling layer are ensured, the overall durability of the platform is improved, and an efficient and low-maintenance structural form is provided.

[0115] Example 2

[0116] An offshore floating wind power station adopts an offshore floating wind power station steel shell concrete composite structure platform as described in any one of the embodiments 1.

[0117] Example 3

[0118] A construction method for an offshore floating wind power steel shell concrete composite structure platform, used for constructing an offshore floating wind power steel shell concrete composite structure platform as described in any one of Embodiment 1, comprises the following steps:

[0119] S1: The steel shell adopts a modular design, which divides the steel shell into several independent modules. Each module is processed in the manufacturing plant, and welding interfaces are reserved on the edges of the modules. The steel shell modules are transported to the construction site and spliced ​​together by welding to form a complete steel shell structure.

[0120] The outer and inner steel shells are made of high-strength steel plates (Q345 and above). The thickness of the outer steel shell is preferably between 10mm and 40mm according to the structural force requirements, and the thickness of the inner steel shell is preferably between 8mm and 30mm. The steel plate is surface treated before production, including spraying of anti-corrosion coatings, such as epoxy coatings or hot-dip galvanizing coatings.

[0121] The steel shell adopts a modular design, dividing the steel shell into several independent modules. Each module completes preliminary processing in the manufacturing plant, and welding interfaces are reserved on the edges of the modules.

[0122] Each module needs to be equipped with transverse and longitudinal reinforcing ribs, with a rib spacing of 500mm to 1000mm and a rib thickness of 10mm to 20mm. During the manufacturing process, the ribs, partitions and inner and outer steel shells are welded, and the welds are fully penetrated.

[0123] The steel shell modules are transported to the construction site and spliced ​​together by welding to form a complete steel shell structure. The welds after splicing need to be treated with anti-corrosion to ensure overall durability.

[0124] S2: The interior of the steel shell is used as a concrete pouring formwork. The inner and outer steel shells are separated into several closed or semi-closed spaces by partitions to ensure good support during the concrete pouring process. Concrete is injected through the preset automatic pouring holes on the steel shell. The pouring hole diameter is preferably 100mm to 500mm, and the holes are evenly distributed. Self-compacting concrete is used for pouring to ensure that the concrete can be evenly distributed in the steel shell structure to avoid pores and stratification problems. Concrete must be made of seawater corrosion-resistant materials to ensure long-term durability. The inner surface of the formwork in contact with the concrete is roughened to increase adhesion.

[0125] During the concrete pouring process, pressure sensors and flow sensors are installed downstream of the pouring holes to monitor the flow rate and pressure of the concrete in real time. The sensors feed the data back to the control system, which adjusts the opening and closing of the valve according to the PID control algorithm to ensure a constant concrete flow and prevent stratification or cold joint problems. When the concrete reaches the filling requirements of the specified area, the pouring holes in that area are automatically closed.

[0126] Each pouring hole is equipped with an adjustable valve, equipped with corrosion-resistant stainless steel, such as 2205 or 2507 super duplex stainless steel, to ensure durability. The valve is used in conjunction with the sealing ring to ensure that there is no leakage in the hole during and after the pouring process.

[0127] The opening and closing degree of the adjustable valve is adjusted by the automatic feedback system during the concrete pouring process, and the control equation is as follows:

[0128]

[0129] Where: u(t) is the opening degree of the valve; e(t) is the error between the target flow rate / pressure and the actual flow rate / pressure, K p , K i , K d are proportional, integral and differential gain coefficients respectively;

[0130] S3: Exhaust holes are set around the steel shell to discharge the gas generated during the pouring process. The diameter of the exhaust holes is preferably 50mm to 300mm. The holes are set around the steel shell and have both exhaust and vibration functions. The gas generated during the pouring process is gradually discharged through the exhaust holes to ensure the density of the concrete.

[0131] The exhaust hole is equipped with a regulating valve, and the internal gas accumulation is monitored by the air pressure sensor. When the gas accumulation reaches the set value, the exhaust hole is automatically opened to discharge the gas. After the exhaust is completed, the system automatically closes the valve to ensure the sealing of the hole and prevent the infiltration of external seawater.

[0132] The control system is based on the real-time monitored pressure difference P in -P out Automatically adjust the valve opening degree A. The valve opening degree during gas discharge is expressed by the following formula:

[0133]

[0134] Where: Q is the exhaust flow, C d is the flow coefficient of the exhaust hole, A is the valve opening area, P in is the gas pressure inside the steel shell, P out is the external environmental pressure, ρ is the air density;

[0135] S4: After the concrete pouring and exhaust are completed, the pouring holes and exhaust holes are sealed. The sealing device can include a steel sealing plate and a waterproof sealing ring, which are fixed to the holes with bolts or welding to ensure that there is no leakage in the holes.

[0136] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An offshore floating wind power steel shell concrete composite structure platform, characterized in that: include A steel shell, comprising an outer steel shell (1) and an inner steel shell (3) which are arranged at intervals; An internal concrete filling layer (2) filled between the outer steel shell (1) and the inner steel shell (3); A connection structure (4) is arranged at the connection between the steel shell and the internal concrete filling layer (2) and is used to enhance the connection rigidity and stability between the steel shell and the concrete; The connection structure (4) comprises transverse reinforcing ribs (41), longitudinal reinforcing ribs (42), partitions (43), and shear studs (44); the transverse reinforcing ribs (41) and the longitudinal reinforcing ribs (42) are arranged in a grid shape; the partitions (43) divide the outer steel shell (1) and the inner steel shell (3) into a plurality of areas; and the shear studs (44) are used to enhance the shear resistance between the steel shell and concrete.

2. The offshore floating wind power steel shell concrete composite structure platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The contact surface between the partition plate (43) and the concrete is roughened.

3. The offshore floating wind power steel shell concrete composite structure platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surfaces of the outer steel shell (1) and the inner steel shell (3) are coated with an anti-corrosion coating, and the inner concrete filling layer (2) is made of a self-compacting concrete material.

4. An offshore floating wind power steel shell concrete composite structure platform according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: Also includes: The steel shell concrete pouring holes (5) include pouring holes (51), exhaust holes (52) and pre-buried holes. The pouring holes (51) are used for pouring concrete, the exhaust holes (52) are used for exhausting gas, and the pre-buried holes are used for providing holes for pre-buried pipelines.

5. The offshore floating wind power steel shell concrete composite structure platform according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pouring hole (51) comprises an adjustable valve (14), a pressure sensor (16), and an automatic feedback system. The pressure sensor (16) is installed downstream of the adjustable valve (14) and near the concrete inlet pipe at the entrance of the pouring hole (51). The flow rate and pressure data of the concrete are collected through the pressure sensor (16). The automatic feedback system adjusts the opening and closing degree of the adjustable valve (14) in real time.

6. The offshore floating wind power steel shell concrete composite structure platform according to claim 5, characterized in that: The automatic feedback system adjusts the opening and closing degree of the adjustable valve (14), and the control equation is as follows: Where: u(t) is the opening degree of the valve; e(t) is the error between the target flow rate / pressure and the actual flow rate / pressure, K p , K i , K d are the proportional, integral and differential gain coefficients respectively.

7. The offshore floating wind power steel shell concrete composite structure platform according to claim 4, characterized in that: The exhaust hole (52) comprises an adjustable valve (14), a control system, and a sensor (16). The sensor (16) is installed inside the steel shell. The sensor (16) sends gas pressure data to the control system, and the control system adjusts the opening and closing degree of the adjustable valve (14) in real time.

8. The offshore floating wind power steel shell concrete composite structure platform according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the sensor (16) detects that the gas pressure reaches a set threshold, the control system automatically opens the valve of the corresponding exhaust hole to discharge the gas; after the gas discharge is completed, the sensor (16) detects that the pressure returns to normal, and the control system automatically closes the valve; the valve opening during gas discharge is expressed by the following formula: Where: Q is the exhaust flow, C d is the flow coefficient of the exhaust hole, A is the valve opening area, P in is the gas pressure inside the steel shell, P out is the external environmental pressure, ρ is the air density; The control system is based on the real-time monitored pressure difference P in -P out Automatically adjust the opening and closing degree A of the valve.

9. An offshore floating wind power plant, characterized in that: An offshore floating wind power steel shell concrete composite structure platform as described in any one of claims 1 to 8 is adopted.

10. A construction method for an offshore floating wind power steel shell concrete composite structure platform, characterized in that: The method for constructing an offshore floating wind power steel shell concrete composite structure platform as claimed in any one of claims 4 to 8 comprises the following steps: S1: The steel shell adopts modular design, which divides the steel shell into several independent modules. Each module is processed in the manufacturing plant, and welding interfaces are reserved on the edge of the module. The steel shell modules are transported to the construction site and spliced ​​by welding to form a complete steel shell structure. S2: The interior of the steel shell is used as a concrete pouring template. Concrete is injected through the preset pouring holes on the steel shell. During the concrete pouring process, the opening and closing degree of the adjustable valve (14) is adjusted by an automatic feedback system. The control equation is as follows: Where: u(t) is the opening degree of the valve; e(t) is the error between the target flow rate / pressure and the actual flow rate / pressure, K p , K i , K d are proportional, integral and differential gain coefficients respectively; S3: Exhaust holes are set around the steel shell to discharge the gas generated during the pouring process. The control system is based on the real-time monitored pressure difference P in -P out Automatically adjust the valve opening degree A. The valve opening degree during gas discharge is expressed by the following formula: Where: Q is the exhaust flow, C d is the flow coefficient of the exhaust hole, A is the valve opening area, P in is the gas pressure inside the steel shell, P out is the external environmental pressure, ρ is the air density; S4: After the concrete pouring and exhaust are completed, the pouring holes and exhaust holes are sealed.

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