Photovoltaic greenhouse regulation and control system based on rule engine

Abstract

The invention discloses a photovoltaic greenhouse regulation and control system based on a rule engine, which relates to the field of intelligent regulation and control of photovoltaic greenhouses and comprises a photovoltaic unit, a photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring unit, a crop identification unit, a data transmission unit, a comprehensive control unit and a regulation and control unit, the regulation and control unit is used for adjusting the position of a photovoltaic panel in the photovoltaic unit and / or controlling environment regulation and control equipment of the photovoltaic greenhouse based on the control instruction generated by the comprehensive control unit. And adjusting the position of a photovoltaic panel in the photovoltaic unit based on the photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring data and the crop identification data so as to adjust the illumination environment in the photovoltaic greenhouse and / or control the environment regulation and control equipment of the photovoltaic greenhouse.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of intelligent control of photovoltaic greenhouses, and in particular to a photovoltaic greenhouse control system based on a rule engine. Background Art

[0002] Modern agricultural production is facing the challenge of improving energy efficiency and achieving sustainable development. With the increasing severity of global climate change and environmental problems, green ecology, high quality and high efficiency have become important directions for agricultural development. The emergence of photovoltaic greenhouse technology combines solar power generation with modern greenhouse technology, effectively utilizes renewable energy, and reduces the burden on the ecological environment. Photovoltaic greenhouses convert solar energy into electrical energy through photovoltaic modules installed on the top of the greenhouse, which is used for lighting, ventilation, irrigation and other equipment in the greenhouse, achieving energy self-sufficiency.

[0003] In the existing smart greenhouse technology, CN118605660A discloses an intelligent control method for agricultural greenhouses based on the Internet of Things. This method extracts biological and environmental characteristics from biological and environmental data, calculates the matching coefficient of environmental data, and can compare whether the current greenhouse crops are adapted to the greenhouse environment. In the rule engine, the matching coefficient and the difference between the environmental characteristics and the standard environmental characteristics are determined to correspond to the equipment to be regulated and adjusted, so that the adjustment can accurately match the growth conditions and environment of the greenhouse crops, thereby improving the efficiency of controlling the greenhouse crops.

[0004] However, this method uses sunshades to adjust the amount of light in the greenhouse. This solution requires the construction of additional sunshades, which undoubtedly increases the construction cost of the greenhouse. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to adjust the position of the photovoltaic panels in the photovoltaic unit based on the photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring data and crop identification data to adjust the lighting environment in the photovoltaic greenhouse, and to control the environmental control equipment of the photovoltaic greenhouse.

[0006] The present invention adjusts the amount of light in different areas of a greenhouse based on crop types and crop growth conditions without installing additional sunshades.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a photovoltaic greenhouse control system based on a rule engine, the system comprising: Photovoltaic unit, used to generate electricity based on solar power and store the electricity for use by electrical equipment in the photovoltaic greenhouse control system; A photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring unit is used to monitor the photovoltaic greenhouse environment and obtain photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring data; A crop identification unit is used to identify the crop type, crop name, crop growth stage and crop location in the photovoltaic greenhouse to obtain crop identification data; A data transmission unit, used to transmit the photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring data and the crop identification data to the integrated control unit in real time, and to transmit the control instructions issued by the integrated control unit to the control unit; An integrated control unit, configured to generate corresponding control instructions based on the photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring data and the crop identification data, and send the control instructions to the data transmission unit; A control unit is used to adjust the position of the photovoltaic panel in the photovoltaic unit and / or control the environmental control equipment of the photovoltaic greenhouse based on the control instruction.

[0008] Among them, in a photovoltaic greenhouse control system based on a rule engine of the present invention, photovoltaic power generation and energy storage equipment are integrated through photovoltaic units to provide a stable power supply for electrical equipment in the greenhouse photovoltaic greenhouse control system. Photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring data and crop identification data are respectively obtained through the photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring unit and the crop identification unit, and then the data is transmitted to the integrated control unit in real time through the data transmission unit. The integrated control unit, as the core of the photovoltaic greenhouse control system of the present invention, is internally configured with a rule engine component. The rule engine can concurrently process data from the photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring unit and the crop identification unit, and automatically make decisions according to preset rules, and at the same time generate corresponding control instructions and send them to the control unit, so as to realize intelligent and automated management of the photovoltaic greenhouse.

[0009] Among them, the comprehensive control unit in the present system can judge whether the current environment is suitable for the current crop growth based on the photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring data and the crop identification data, and generate corresponding control instructions based on the judgment results, and send the control instructions to the data transmission unit, and then use the control unit to regulate the environment in the photovoltaic greenhouse based on the control instructions to adjust it to a growth environment suitable for the current crops. The environment adjustment method includes adjusting the position of the photovoltaic panels in the photovoltaic unit, that is, adjusting the light, and / or controlling the environmental control equipment of the photovoltaic greenhouse. The environmental control equipment of the photovoltaic greenhouse can be one or more of temperature, humidity, and light.

[0010] In traditional photovoltaic greenhouse systems, photovoltaic units are generally fixedly deployed, that is, their arrangement and position are fixed. Therefore, it is impossible to adjust the environment inside the greenhouse by adjusting the photovoltaic units. The photovoltaic units may even block sunlight or occupy land, which may increase the cost of greenhouse construction. Based on this, the present invention adopts a mobile photovoltaic unit design, and the photovoltaic units are deployed on the top of the greenhouse. The arrangement and position of the photovoltaic units are adjusted by the control unit, so that the amount of light or light intensity irradiated to different positions inside the greenhouse changes, thereby achieving the environment in the photovoltaic greenhouse, thereby omitting the construction of the shading system and not occupying additional land, saving resources while reducing the construction cost of the greenhouse.

[0011] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic unit includes: a plurality of first movable components, a plurality of second movable components, a slide rail assembly and a controller; the slide rail assembly is fixed to the top of the photovoltaic greenhouse, the first movable component and the second movable component are both slidably connected to the slide rail assembly, and the controller is used to control the position of the first movable component and the second movable component based on the control instructions of the control unit, and the first movable component and the second movable component respectively carry a non-transparent photovoltaic panel and a transparent photovoltaic panel.

[0012] Among them, the first movable component and the second movable component can move on the slide rail by utilizing the sliding connection with the slide rail component, and the controller is used to control the position of the first movable component and the second movable component on the slide rail. The first movable component and the second movable component respectively carry a non-transparent photovoltaic panel and a transparent photovoltaic panel. By parking the first movable component and the second movable component at different positions on the slide rail, different arrangements and positions of the non-transparent photovoltaic panels and the transparent photovoltaic panels are realized. Since the non-transparent photovoltaic panels can block sunlight and the transparent photovoltaic panels can transmit sunlight, the adjustment of the sunlight exposure position in the photovoltaic greenhouse is realized, and the positions of the non-transparent photovoltaic panels and the transparent photovoltaic panels can be adjusted according to the sunlight requirements for crop growth.

[0013] It is worth mentioning that the transparent photovoltaic panel, i.e. the transparent solar concentrator (TLSC), is a solar photovoltaic device, which can convert windows or glass into solar photovoltaic cells, and has the advantages of high transparency, good aesthetics, and simplified structure. In the photovoltaic greenhouse control system of the present invention, the transparent photovoltaic panel can not only generate electricity using solar energy, but also allow sunlight to pass through itself into the photovoltaic greenhouse. Compared with TLSC, the non-transparent photovoltaic panel, i.e. the conventional photovoltaic panel, does not have light transmittance and can block sunlight. The difference in the arrangement and position distribution of the non-transparent photovoltaic panel and the transparent photovoltaic panel corresponds to the change in the amount of light (or light intensity) in different areas of the photovoltaic greenhouse, thereby achieving the regulation of the environment inside the photovoltaic greenhouse.

[0014] In existing photovoltaic greenhouse systems, only non-transparent photovoltaic panels are generally used, and they are usually fixedly deployed on the top of the greenhouse or in a nearby position. When photovoltaic modules are deployed on the top of the greenhouse, they will inevitably block part of the natural sunlight that shines into the greenhouse. Therefore, when the light is insufficient, the greenhouse often needs artificial lighting, resulting in energy waste.

[0015] If photovoltaic modules are deployed on the open space around the greenhouse, although it can avoid blocking the light, it occupies land resources. In addition, due to the possibility of excessive light, this method usually requires the installation of special sunshade facilities in the greenhouse, which undoubtedly further increases the construction and maintenance costs of the system.

[0016] The photovoltaic unit of the present invention not only does not need to occupy additional space, but also can realize the function of a sunshade by utilizing the light-proof property of conventional photovoltaic panels, thereby effectively solving the above-mentioned problem.

[0017] Among them, the integrated control unit determines whether the crops in the photovoltaic greenhouse need light based on the photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring data and the crop identification data. If light is needed, the integrated control unit obtains the current incident angle of sunlight relative to the photovoltaic greenhouse roof, and based on the incident angle and the first planting area of ​​the crop, calculates the first penetration area corresponding to the photovoltaic greenhouse roof through which the sunlight directly covers the first planting area, and adjusts the photovoltaic panels distributed corresponding to the first penetration area to transparent photovoltaic panels.

[0018] Among them, it can be judged whether the crop needs illumination through the photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring data and crop identification data. If illumination is needed, the integrated control unit needs to control the position of the photovoltaic panel in the photovoltaic unit so that the sunlight can pass through the transparent photovoltaic panel and then illuminate the crop planting area. Since the photovoltaic panel is at a certain height from the planting area and the sunlight and the photovoltaic greenhouse have a certain incident angle influence, in order to accurately move the photovoltaic panel so that the sunlight can accurately illuminate the corresponding crop planting area, the present invention obtains the current incident angle of sunlight relative to the photovoltaic greenhouse roof, and then based on the incident angle and the first planting area of ​​the crop, accurately calculates the first penetration area corresponding to the photovoltaic greenhouse roof through which the sunlight directly covers the first planting area, and then adjusts the photovoltaic panels distributed corresponding to the first penetration area to transparent photovoltaic panels, so that the sunlight can pass through the first penetration area and accurately illuminate the corresponding crop planting area.

[0019] Wherein, based on the incident angle and the first planting area of ​​the crop, calculating and obtaining a first penetration area corresponding to the photovoltaic greenhouse roof through which the sunlight directly covers the first planting area specifically includes: Based on the first planting area of ​​the crop, obtaining contour coordinate information of the first planting area; Calculate the coordinate information of each contour coordinate point in the contour coordinate information of the first penetration area based on the coordinate information of each contour coordinate point in the contour coordinate information, the height of the planting area from the photovoltaic greenhouse roof, and the incident angle; The first penetration area is obtained based on the coordinate information of each outline coordinate point in the outline coordinate information of the first penetration area.

[0020] Among them, a three-dimensional coordinate system is constructed, and the first planting area of ​​the crop and the contour coordinate information of the first planting area can be obtained through image recognition. It is assumed that a point on the contour of the first planting area is the first point, and then a normal passing through the first point is obtained. The normal is perpendicular to the crop planting plane and the photovoltaic greenhouse roof plane at the same time. The intersection of the normal and the photovoltaic greenhouse roof plane is the second point, and a right triangle is constructed in the vertical plane. The right triangle includes a first right-angled side located in the photovoltaic greenhouse roof plane, and a second right-angled side formed by the line connecting the first point and the second point. The angle between one of the non-right angles of the right triangle, namely the first right-angled side and the hypotenuse, is obtained through the incident angle, and then the angle size of another non-right angle can be obtained. In the right triangle, when the three angles and one side length of the right triangle are known, the sine and cosine theorems can be applied to calculate the size of the first right-angled side, and then the coordinate point information corresponding to the first point in the first penetration area can be obtained through the size of the first right-angled side. By using the above calculation method for each point, the corresponding contour coordinate information of the entire first penetration area can be obtained.

[0021] Among them, when there is sufficient sunlight outside and it is monitored that a certain crop at a certain position in the greenhouse is insufficiently illuminated, the non-transparent photovoltaic panel at the corresponding position on the top of the greenhouse is driven to be replaced by a transparent photovoltaic panel. In this way, sunlight can pass through the transparent photovoltaic panel to directly supplement the light of the crop at that location, reducing the use of artificial light sources and saving energy.

[0022] For example, when the light intensity at a certain location is too high and may cause damage to the working leaves, the non-transparent photovoltaic panels are driven to block that location, thereby ensuring that the environment in the greenhouse always maintains the best state for crop growth.

[0023] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring unit includes: Air temperature sensor, used to collect air temperature data in the photovoltaic greenhouse; Air humidity sensor, used to collect air humidity data in the photovoltaic greenhouse; Irradiation sensors are used to collect irradiation data inside and outside the photovoltaic greenhouse; Soil moisture sensor is used to collect soil moisture data in the photovoltaic greenhouse.

[0024] Among them, air temperature, air humidity, light intensity and soil moisture are key factors affecting crop growth and need to be strictly controlled. Air temperature sensors, air humidity sensors, irradiation sensors and soil moisture sensors can accurately sense these factors.

[0025] The specific method of obtaining the crop identification data by the crop identification unit is as follows: Construct a spatial coordinate system; the spatial coordinate system can be used to mark coordinates, and then the coordinates of the target in the image, such as the coordinates of crops, can be obtained; The crop recognition unit captures and obtains a first image of the crop planting area; Based on the spatial coordinate system, the first image is analyzed to obtain coordinate data of the planting area, and the position of the crop is obtained based on the coordinate data of the planting area; The first image is analyzed to determine whether there is a crop identification code in the first image, and if so, the crop category and crop name are obtained based on the crop identification code; if not, the first image is analyzed to obtain a crop local feature map, and the local feature map is analyzed to obtain the crop category and crop name; the first image is analyzed to obtain crop growth size information, and the crop growth stage is obtained based on the crop growth size information and the crop category and crop name; wherein the crop local features include: crop leaf and / or stem and / or flower features.

[0026] Among them, the key point of the present invention is to identify and obtain the crop category and crop name, and then use corresponding environmental adjustments according to different crop categories and crop names to adapt to different crop growth needs. Therefore, the present invention needs to accurately identify the crops, but the applicant has found that when the crops are in the seedling period or the seedling period, the seedlings of many crops are very similar and cannot be distinguished. Because the roots, stems and leaves are not fully developed or blooming during the seedling period, the characteristics are not obvious. Therefore, in order to accurately identify the crops, the present invention can obtain the name and category of the crop through the crop identity code on the border or frame of the planting area. If the crop is not in the seedling stage, then its leaves are larger and may have blocked the crop identity code, and the name and category of the crop cannot be obtained through the crop identity code. However, at this time, the crop has grown and formed, and its distinguishing characteristics from other crops are obvious, and it can be accurately identified through the model. For example, the roots, stems and leaves have developed well and may have bloomed, so the name and type of the crop can be accurately identified. The crop identification unit in the system of the present invention can accurately identify crops at different growth stages in the above manner.

[0027] Wherein, the system further comprises: A first detection unit, the first detection unit is used to perform fault detection on each photovoltaic panel in the photovoltaic unit; if a faulty photovoltaic panel is detected, the integrated control unit sends an instruction to the control unit, and the control unit moves the faulty photovoltaic panel to the side end of the photovoltaic greenhouse roof for repair or replacement; A second detection unit, the second detection unit is used to perform surface detection on each photovoltaic panel in the photovoltaic unit to obtain a surface detection result; based on the surface detection result, it is determined whether the surface of the photovoltaic panel is damaged and whether there is an obstruction on the surface of the photovoltaic panel; if the surface of the photovoltaic panel is damaged, the integrated control unit sends an instruction to the control unit, and the control unit moves the faulty photovoltaic panel to the side end of the photovoltaic greenhouse roof for repair or replacement; if there is an obstruction on the surface of the photovoltaic panel, the integrated control unit sends a purge instruction to the purge unit; A purge unit is used to purge the surface of the photovoltaic panel based on a purge instruction.

[0028] Among them, the photovoltaic greenhouse is usually large in size, and the top needs to be covered with more photovoltaic panels. The photovoltaic panels are easily damaged or malfunction during use, and they need to be repaired or replaced. In the traditional way, since the photovoltaic panels are fixed and cannot be moved, the first way is: the maintenance personnel need to climb onto the roof of the photovoltaic greenhouse, and then use professional walking equipment to walk to the location of the damaged photovoltaic panel for repair or replacement. The second way is: use a lifting tool to lift the maintenance personnel to the top of the damaged photovoltaic panel, and then repair or replace it; Among them, the first way requires professional walking equipment, the cost is high, and it is easy to scratch or damage other photovoltaic panels during walking. The second way requires lifting equipment, which is inconvenient to use, requires a large site requirement and is costly. The photovoltaic panels in this system are movable. After the first detection unit finds that a photovoltaic panel has a fault, the faulty photovoltaic panel is moved to the side of the photovoltaic greenhouse roof for repair or replacement. At this time, the maintenance personnel only need to set up a ladder to replace and repair, without the need for professional walking equipment or lifting equipment, the cost is low, the site requirements are small, and it is not easy to damage other photovoltaic panels.

[0029] Among them, the applicant's research found that the surface of the photovoltaic panel is easily damaged, scratched, cracked or there is an obstruction during use. Surface damage, scratches or cracks will lead to the inability to generate electricity or a decrease in power generation efficiency, and the presence of obstructions on the surface will also lead to a decrease in power generation efficiency. Therefore, in order to detect surface damage and obstructions on the photovoltaic panel, the present invention is designed with a second detection unit, which can perform surface detection on each photovoltaic panel in the photovoltaic unit to obtain a surface detection result; based on the surface detection result, it is determined whether the surface of the photovoltaic panel is damaged and whether there is an obstruction on the surface of the photovoltaic panel; specifically, a real-time image of the photovoltaic panel surface can be obtained and compared with a standard image to obtain a difference image, and the difference image can be identified to determine whether the surface is damaged and whether there is an obstruction on the surface of the photovoltaic panel.

[0030] If the surface of the photovoltaic panel is damaged, the integrated control unit sends an instruction to the control unit, and the control unit moves the faulty photovoltaic panel to the side of the photovoltaic greenhouse roof for repair or replacement, so that the photovoltaic panel with damaged surface can be quickly and conveniently repaired or replaced; if there is an obstruction on the surface of the photovoltaic panel, the integrated control unit sends a purge instruction to the purge unit. Usually, the obstruction on the surface of the photovoltaic panel is fallen leaves. A large amount of fallen leaves will block the sunlight, resulting in a decrease in the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel. Using the purge unit to blow away obstructions such as fallen leaves from the surface of the photovoltaic panel can enable the photovoltaic panel to generate electricity normally.

[0031] Wherein, the purge unit comprises: A drone and a purge device, wherein the drone is used to carry the purge device and fly above the photovoltaic panel to be purge based on the purge instruction, and to carry the purge device to move during the purge process, and to carry the purge device back or fly to the next photovoltaic panel to be purge after the purge is completed; the purge device is used to purge the surface of the photovoltaic panel based on the purge instruction.

[0032] Among them, the present invention designs a purge unit, and uses a drone carrying the purge equipment to purge photovoltaic panels with obstructions on the surface. There is no need to manually climb to the top of the photovoltaic greenhouse for cleaning, which is more efficient.

[0033] Among them, the existing photovoltaic greenhouse environmental control system adopts an overall control strategy, that is, to uniformly adjust the environmental parameters inside the entire greenhouse. At the same time, in order to improve the utilization efficiency and economic benefits of greenhouse space, growers often grow a variety of different crops in the same greenhouse. In this multi-crop co-planting model, the overall control strategy lacks sufficient targeting and flexibility. Specifically, the specific environmental parameters for a certain crop may not be conducive to the growth of other crops. For example, the setting that provides the best light intensity for a certain crop may cause other crops to have their growth hindered due to insufficient or excessive light.

[0034] Based on this, the present invention obtains information such as the name, category, location and growth stage of the crop through a crop identification unit, and then adjusts the environment of the location (such as light intensity, soil moisture, etc.) based on this information, thereby improving the pertinence and flexibility of the control system.

[0035] In some embodiments, the control unit is further used to control the air temperature, air humidity, radiation intensity and soil moisture of the photovoltaic greenhouse based on the control instructions.

[0036] The control unit also includes: Heating equipment, used to provide heating when the temperature is low and to regulate the greenhouse air temperature; Fan equipment, used for ventilation and cooling, to regulate greenhouse air temperature and humidity; Wet curtain equipment is used for cooling and humidifying, and regulating the greenhouse air temperature and humidity; Supplementary lighting equipment is used to provide artificial light when natural light is insufficient and to regulate the greenhouse radiation intensity; Irrigation equipment is used to water crops and regulate soil moisture in the greenhouse.

[0037] In some embodiments, the generating corresponding control instructions based on the photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring data and the crop identification data specifically includes: obtaining the crop identification data; Match the optimal environmental parameters corresponding to crop categories, crop names and crop growth stages based on a preset rule base; Comparing the optimal environmental parameters with the photovoltaic greenhouse environmental monitoring data; Based on the comparison results and the crop position coordinates, corresponding control instructions are generated to control the control unit to adjust the environment of the photovoltaic greenhouse.

[0038] Among them, the present invention converts the optimal environmental conditions required for the normal growth of different crops at different growth stages into universal semantic rules that can be recognized by computers, and stores them in a rule library in the integrated control unit. Users can create, modify and delete rules in a visual way, which is conducive to reducing user learning costs and improving the flexibility and scalability of the control system.

[0039] The integrated control unit converts the received raw signals (such as digital signals or analog signals) of the photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring data into semantics that can be compared with the above rules in real time, and in the process removes abnormal values ​​caused by sensor failure, measurement errors or other abnormal factors, and then compares these data with the rules configured in the rule base. If the monitoring data does not meet the set conditions of the rule, an instruction to perform the corresponding operation is issued; if the monitoring data meets the rule, no operation is performed.

[0040] In some embodiments, the optimal environmental parameters are the optimal environmental parameters for the highest priority crop in the photovoltaic greenhouse.

[0041] In some embodiments, the crop with the highest priority in the photovoltaic greenhouse is determined by the following steps: Based on the economic value of crops in the photovoltaic greenhouse in the market, the economic value assessment results are obtained; Based on the sensitivity of crops in the photovoltaic greenhouse to the environment at different growth stages, the environmental sensitivity assessment results are obtained; Based on the market demand for crops in photovoltaic greenhouses, the market demand assessment results are obtained; Based on the economic value assessment result, the environmental sensitivity assessment result, and the market demand assessment result, the crops in the photovoltaic greenhouse are prioritized to obtain the highest priority crops in the photovoltaic greenhouse.

[0042] Among them, the present invention establishes a complete crop evaluation method to determine the crops with the highest priority in the photovoltaic greenhouse. The system includes three dimensions: economic value evaluation, environmental sensitivity evaluation, and market demand evaluation. Through comprehensive consideration of these three dimensions, it can accurately identify the crops that need to be focused on in the current greenhouse. Then the system automatically adjusts the environmental conditions in the greenhouse through the rule engine according to the optimal environmental parameters of the crop to ensure that the crop is in the best growth state.

[0043] One or more technical solutions provided by the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages: The present invention can adjust the position of the photovoltaic panels in the photovoltaic unit based on the photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring data and the crop identification data to adjust the lighting environment in the photovoltaic greenhouse, and or control the environmental control equipment of the photovoltaic greenhouse.

[0044] The present invention adjusts the amount of light in different areas of a greenhouse based on crop types and crop growth conditions without installing additional sunshades.

[0045] The crop identification unit in the system of the present invention can accurately identify crops at different growth stages.

[0046] The present invention can move the faulty photovoltaic panel to the side end of the photovoltaic greenhouse roof for repair or replacement without the need for professional walking equipment or lifting equipment, has low cost, has little restriction on site requirements, and is not likely to damage other photovoltaic panels.

[0047] The present invention can detect the surface of the photovoltaic panel and automatically clean the shielding objects.

[0048] The present invention realizes efficient conversion of crop growth environment rules into computer-recognizable execution semantics by applying rule engine technology, and constructs a set of rule bases and corresponding rule engines. The rule engine realizes automatic and intelligent management of control units in photovoltaic greenhouses by a comprehensive control unit, thus breaking the phenomenon of data islands and information islands, improving the automation level of environmental regulation in photovoltaic greenhouses, maintaining the best environment for crop growth in real time, and improving crop quality and yield.

[0049] The photovoltaic unit of the present invention adopts a combination configuration of non-transparent photovoltaic panels and transparent photovoltaic panels, and forms different arrangements and position distributions on the top of the photovoltaic greenhouse by moving the two. On the one hand, it avoids the disadvantages of conventional non-transparent photovoltaic panels blocking incident sunlight or occupying land. On the other hand, it omits the construction of some sunlight blocking facilities in the photovoltaic greenhouse, saving costs.

[0050] The present invention collects the position information of crops in the photovoltaic greenhouse, which is conducive to targeted environmental control of the crops at the location and improves the flexibility of the system.

[0051] The present invention prioritizes different crops in the same photovoltaic greenhouse. When the optimal environmental parameters required by different crops conflict, the crop with the highest priority is satisfied first to ensure the highest economic value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0052] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, constitute a part of the present invention, and do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the composition of a photovoltaic greenhouse control system based on a rule engine in the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic unit; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the correspondence between the coordinate points on the planting area of ​​the photovoltaic greenhouse and the coordinate points on the penetration area; Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the purge unit; Among them, 1-photovoltaic greenhouse roof, 2-non-transparent photovoltaic panel, 3-transparent photovoltaic panel, 4-slide rail assembly, 5-UAV, 6-landing gear, 7-fixed bracket, 8-purge equipment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned purpose, features and advantages of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0054] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those within the scope of this description. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0055] Embodiment 1;

[0056] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the composition of a photovoltaic greenhouse control system based on a rule engine is shown in FIG. Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a photovoltaic greenhouse control system based on a rule engine, and the system includes: Photovoltaic unit, used to generate electricity based on solar power and store the electricity for use by electrical equipment in the photovoltaic greenhouse control system; A photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring unit is used to monitor the photovoltaic greenhouse environment and obtain photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring data; A crop identification unit is used to identify the crop type, crop name, crop growth stage and crop location in the photovoltaic greenhouse to obtain crop identification data; A data transmission unit, used to transmit the photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring data and the crop identification data to the integrated control unit in real time, and to transmit the control instructions issued by the integrated control unit to the control unit; An integrated control unit, configured to generate corresponding control instructions based on the photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring data and the crop identification data, and send the control instructions to the data transmission unit; A control unit is used to adjust the position of the photovoltaic panel in the photovoltaic unit and / or control the environmental control equipment of the photovoltaic greenhouse based on the control instruction.

[0057] Among them, in the embodiment of the present invention, the photovoltaic unit in the present invention includes a number of photovoltaic panels and corresponding power supply and power consumption equipment, as well as power supply and circuit processing and supporting facilities. The number of photovoltaic panels can be adjusted according to the size of the photovoltaic greenhouse, and the embodiment of the present invention does not make corresponding limitations. For the photovoltaic power generation, transmission and use, and storage in the photovoltaic unit, which are basic technologies in photovoltaic power generation, the present invention does not make corresponding repeated descriptions.

[0058] The data transmission unit may adopt a wired transmission method such as an optical fiber or a data cable, or a wireless transmission method such as Bluetooth or a communication network, and the present invention does not make corresponding limitations.

[0059] The integrated control unit and the regulating unit may be corresponding computers or processors or controllers, and the present invention does not impose corresponding limitations.

[0060] Among them, in the embodiment of the present invention, in order to realize that the photovoltaic panel in the photovoltaic unit can be moved, the present invention improves the photovoltaic unit, and the photovoltaic unit includes: A plurality of first movable components, a plurality of second movable components, a slide rail component and a controller; the slide rail component is fixed to the top of the photovoltaic greenhouse, the first movable component and the second movable component are both slidably connected to the slide rail component, the controller is used to control the positions of the first movable component and the second movable component based on the control instructions of the control unit, and the first movable component and the second movable component respectively carry a non-transparent photovoltaic panel and a transparent photovoltaic panel.

[0061] The schematic diagram of the photovoltaic unit is shown in the figure below: Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 In the figure, 1 is the photovoltaic greenhouse roof, 2 is the non-transparent photovoltaic panel, 3 is the transparent photovoltaic panel, and 4 is the slide rail assembly.

[0062] Among them, the first movable component and the second movable component are components that can be moved on the slide rail component, such as a sliding trolley, an electric slider or a remote control car, etc., and can be moved and started and stopped on the slide rail component through corresponding control instructions. The present invention does not specifically limit the specific implementation method of the first movable component and the second movable component. The slide rail component can be a guide rail or a slide rail, etc. The guide rail or the slide rail can be arranged horizontally or vertically, or can be arranged in other ways. The embodiment of the present invention does not make corresponding limitations. The wheels of the sliding trolley are in contact with the guide rail and can move on the guide rail. The controller is connected to the driving component and the braking component in the first movable component and the second movable component, and is used to control the first movable component and the second movable component. The movement and start and stop of the components, and the movement and control of the sliding trolley on the slide rail belong to the prior art, and the present invention does not make corresponding redundant descriptions. For example, in order to adapt to the moving characteristics of the movable components, the corresponding connecting wires or wires of the photovoltaic components can be lengthened, or connected by a rotatable connector or a flexible connection method, or other processing methods can be used. The embodiments of the present invention do not make corresponding limitations. The upper surfaces of the first movable component and the second movable component are both provided with a fixed end or a fixing member for fixing the photovoltaic panel, which is used to fix the photovoltaic panel, such as by a buckle, by a slot, by bonding, or by screws. The present invention does not make specific limitations on the fixing method. The slide rail assembly may include a plurality of slide rails, which are laid in parallel on the surface of the photovoltaic roof, and each guide rail corresponds to a movable component. Among them, in an embodiment of the present invention, the integrated control unit determines whether the crops in the photovoltaic greenhouse need light based on the photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring data and the crop identification data. If light is needed, the integrated control unit obtains the current incident angle of sunlight relative to the photovoltaic greenhouse roof, and based on the incident angle and the first planting area of ​​the crop, calculates and obtains the first penetration area corresponding to the photovoltaic greenhouse roof through which the sunlight directly covers the first planting area, and adjusts the photovoltaic panels distributed corresponding to the first penetration area to transparent photovoltaic panels.

[0063] Among them, the incident angle of sunlight relative to the photovoltaic greenhouse roof can be obtained by measuring with a sunlight angle meter or a measuring device. The measuring device can refer to CN210774002U, CN110608715A, etc., and the embodiments of the present invention do not make corresponding limitations.

[0064] The integrated control unit determines whether the crops in the photovoltaic greenhouse need light based on the photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring data and the crop identification data. Specifically, if the photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring data shows that the temperature is low or the light is insufficient, then light is needed. The specific judgment method or basis can be adjusted according to actual needs, and the embodiment of the present invention does not limit it accordingly. Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the correspondence between the coordinate point A on the planting area of ​​the photovoltaic greenhouse and the coordinate point B on the penetration area. Figure 3 It can be seen that the incident angle is a, the coordinate point on the first planting area is A, the coordinates of A are known, the height h of the photovoltaic greenhouse is known, the size of the incident angle a can be obtained, and a right triangle AOB is constructed. a and b are acute angles, c is a right angle, and h is known. The length of the BO side can be calculated by the sine or cosine theorem. The coordinate information of O can be obtained by converting the coordinates of A and the height h. The coordinates of B can be obtained based on the coordinates of O and the length of BO, that is, the coordinate point information on the first penetration area can be obtained.

[0065] Among them, in this embodiment of the present invention, based on the incident angle and the first planting area of ​​the crop, calculating and obtaining the first penetration area corresponding to the photovoltaic greenhouse roof through which the sunlight directly covers the first planting area specifically includes: Based on the first planting area of ​​the crop, obtain the contour coordinate information of the first planting area; for example, if the first planting area is a rectangle, the contour of the first planting area is the four sides of the rectangle, and the coordinate information of the four sides of the rectangle needs to be obtained; Based on the coordinate information of each contour coordinate point in the contour coordinate information, the height of the planting area from the photovoltaic greenhouse roof and the incident angle, the coordinate information of each contour coordinate point in the contour coordinate information of the first penetration area is calculated; Figure 3 and the corresponding calculation method.

[0066] The first penetration area is obtained based on the coordinate information of each outline coordinate point in the outline coordinate information of the first penetration area.

[0067] In this embodiment of the present invention, the specific manner in which the crop identification unit obtains the crop identification data is: Construct a spatial coordinate system, such as an xyz coordinate system; The crop identification unit captures a first image of the crop planting area; the image may be captured by a camera, a video camera, or a camera, and the embodiment of the present invention does not specifically limit this. Based on the spatial coordinate system, the first image is analyzed to obtain coordinate data of the planting area, and the position of the crop is obtained based on the coordinate data of the planting area. The coordinate information of the target can be obtained through an image processing library or image processing software, such as OpenCV to achieve target detection and coordinate positioning, and GetData is used to obtain image coordinate point data. The coordinate data of the planting area can be obtained by identifying the planting area in the image, and then the position data of the crop can be obtained. Analyze the first image to determine whether there is a crop identification code in the first image, and if so, obtain the crop category and crop name based on the crop identification code; if not, analyze the first image to obtain a crop local feature map, and analyze the local feature map to obtain the crop category and crop name; analyze the first image to obtain crop growth size information, and obtain the crop growth stage based on the crop growth size information, crop category and crop name; wherein the crop local features include: crop leaf and / or stem and / or flower features. wherein the crop growth size information can be obtained by analyzing the crop image, and the crop name and type can be obtained by image targets respectively, and after obtaining the crop size and crop name, the current crop growth stage can be obtained by querying the crop growth database or comparison table; The crop identification code may be a QR code, a barcode, text, numbers, or a combination thereof. By scanning and obtaining the corresponding crop identification information, the crop category and crop name may be obtained.

[0068] Among them, analyzing the first image includes: using a target recognition model or a target recognition function of an image processing software to identify the crop, then obtaining a complete image of the crop, identifying the leaves and / or stems and / or flowers of the crop from the complete image of the crop through the target recognition model or image processing software, then cropping to obtain a local image corresponding to the leaves and / or stems and / or flowers, and then identifying the category or name of the leaves and / or stems and / or flowers. Based on the recognition result, the crop category and crop name can be obtained. Because the leaves and / or stems and / or flowers of different crops have different characteristics, such as the shape, size, color and number of leaves, etc., the embodiment of the present invention can first collect images of leaves and / or stems and / or flowers of different crops, and then annotate them to obtain a training set, and then use the training set to train the target recognition model to obtain a target recognition model with leaf and / or stem and / or flower recognition functions.

[0069] In this embodiment of the present invention, the system further includes: a first detection unit, wherein the first detection unit is used to perform fault detection on each photovoltaic panel in the photovoltaic unit, wherein each photovoltaic panel has a corresponding circuit, and the fault detection of the photovoltaic panel can be realized by detecting the voltage or current of the circuit, and the existing photovoltaic panel fault detector or equipment can be used for specific detection, and the embodiment of the present invention does not make specific limitations; if a faulty photovoltaic panel is detected, the integrated control unit sends an instruction to the control unit, and the control unit moves the faulty photovoltaic panel to the side end of the photovoltaic greenhouse roof for repair or replacement. Since each photovoltaic panel has a separate branch line, when the branch line is found to be faulty, the number of the faulty photovoltaic panel can be obtained according to the number of the branch, and the identity information of the movable component carrying the faulty photovoltaic panel can be obtained based on the number of the faulty photovoltaic panel, and then the movable component is controlled to move to the side end of the photovoltaic greenhouse roof, that is, the side end point or the edge of both sides, and then repair or replace it; A second detection unit, the second detection unit is used to perform surface detection on each photovoltaic panel in the photovoltaic unit to obtain a surface detection result; based on the surface detection result, it is determined whether the surface of the photovoltaic panel is damaged and whether there is an obstruction on the surface of the photovoltaic panel; if the surface of the photovoltaic panel is damaged, the integrated control unit sends an instruction to the control unit, and the control unit moves the faulty photovoltaic panel to the side end of the photovoltaic greenhouse roof for repair or replacement; if there is an obstruction on the surface of the photovoltaic panel, the integrated control unit sends a purge instruction to the purge unit; A purge unit is used to purge the surface of the photovoltaic panel based on a purge instruction.

[0070] Among them, the surface detection of photovoltaic panels can also be implemented by artificial intelligence or deep learning or target recognition models, such as collecting images of several normal photovoltaic panels and photovoltaic panels with surface abnormalities, and marking the types of surface abnormalities, and then obtaining a training set, and using the training set to train the target recognition model to obtain a model that can identify surface abnormalities of photovoltaic panels, such as whether the surface is damaged or whether there are obstructions on the surface. Among them, photovoltaic panels will have scratches or cracks when the surface is damaged or scratched, and the color of the scratches or cracks is usually different from the color of the photovoltaic panel body. Therefore, these faults can be identified through training, and obstructions on the surface of photovoltaic panels, such as leaves, can be identified by the target recognition model. The type of obstruction.

[0071] Among them, if there is an obstruction on the surface of the photovoltaic panel, the integrated control unit will also send the coordinate information of the photovoltaic panel with the obstruction to the drone, and the drone will automatically fly above the coordinate point and then hover. After hovering, the integrated control unit will send a purge command to the purge unit. After the purge unit is turned on, the drone will move forward or backward or circle at a uniform low speed or follow other flight trajectories to purge the surface of the photovoltaic panel with the obstruction, and blow the obstruction away from the photovoltaic panel.

[0072] After the obstruction of the photovoltaic panel is cleared, the drone continues to shoot whether there is any obstruction on the surface of the photovoltaic unit. If so, the blowing continues. Usually, the blowing needs to be fixed in a direction or a specified direction to avoid the obstruction from staying back and forth between multiple photovoltaic panels, thereby improving the efficiency of blowing the obstruction.

[0073] Wherein, in an embodiment of the present invention, the purge unit comprises: A drone and a purge device, wherein the drone is used to carry the purge device and fly above the photovoltaic panel to be purge based on the purge instruction, and to carry the purge device to move during the purge process, and to carry the purge device back or fly to the next photovoltaic panel to be purge after the purge is completed; the purge device is used to purge the surface of the photovoltaic panel based on the purge instruction.

[0074] Among them, the purging equipment can be a blower or a hair dryer, and the purging equipment can be fixed to the bottom of the drone through a fixed bracket. The drone usually selects a drone with a landing gear. The hollow area between the landing gear can be used to suspend the purging equipment between the landing gear through a fixed bracket. The purging direction of the purging equipment can be diagonally downward toward the flight direction of the drone, and the specific direction and inclination angle can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0075] Among them, if the surface obstruction is snow, the integrated control unit controls the blowing equipment to blow hot air to blow away the snow, which helps to melt the snow quickly. The snow will affect the power generation of the photovoltaic equipment.

[0076] Among them, the integrated control unit is also used to record the cumulative time of blowing away the obstruction on the surface of a single photovoltaic panel. When the cumulative time is greater than a threshold, the blowing direction is changed to blow away the obstruction. The specific reason is that some leaves or impurities are closely attached to the surface of the photovoltaic panel. When the angle is not suitable, the pressure provided by the blowing is insufficient and cannot blow the leaves away from the surface of the photovoltaic panel. Therefore, changing the blowing direction and angle can find the angle and direction suitable for blowing away the obstruction, thereby improving the blowing effect.

[0077] Among them, the integrated control unit is also used to collect images of the shield, analyze and obtain the highest coordinate point of the shield, that is, the highest height point of the shield, and then obtain the side of the shield closest to the highest point, and then blow on this side. Since the leaves are irregular in shape, some areas of them will fit well with the photovoltaic panel, and the gap between the two is small. The pressure caused by blowing on this surface is small and it is not easy to blow away the leaves. By obtaining the side closest to the highest point, the side with a larger gap between the leaves and the photovoltaic panel can be obtained. Then, blowing on this side can increase the pressure caused by blowing and improve the effect of blowing.

[0078] Among them, please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 is the structural diagram of the purge unit. Figure 4 In the middle, 5 is the UAV, 6 is the landing gear, 7 is the fixed bracket, and 8 is the purge equipment.

[0079] The present invention also provides a method for handling a photovoltaic unit fault in the system, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Perform fault detection on each photovoltaic panel in the photovoltaic unit. If a faulty photovoltaic panel is detected, execute step 2. If no fault is detected, execute step 3. Step 2: The integrated control unit sends a command to the control unit, and the control unit moves the faulty photovoltaic panel to the side end of the photovoltaic greenhouse roof for repair or replacement; Step 3: Perform surface inspection on each photovoltaic panel in the photovoltaic unit to obtain surface inspection results; determine whether the surface of the photovoltaic panel is damaged and whether there is any obstruction on the surface of the photovoltaic panel based on the surface inspection results; if the surface of the photovoltaic panel is damaged, the integrated control unit sends an instruction to the control unit, and the control unit moves the faulty photovoltaic panel to the side end of the photovoltaic greenhouse roof for repair or replacement; if there is an obstruction on the surface of the photovoltaic panel, the integrated control unit sends a purge instruction to the purge unit to purge the surface of the photovoltaic panel.

[0080] The data transmission unit preferably integrates the MQTT Broker function. As the core component of the MQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport) protocol, the MQTT Broker can support a large number of client connections, which well meets the requirements of a large number of sensors in photovoltaic greenhouse environmental monitoring. In addition, it also has the advantages of low energy consumption and high security.

[0081] Specifically, when there is sufficient sunlight outside and it is monitored that a specific crop somewhere in the greenhouse is insufficiently illuminated, the non-transparent photovoltaic panels at the corresponding position on the top of the greenhouse are driven away and replaced by transparent photovoltaic panels. In this way, sunlight can pass through the transparent photovoltaic panels to directly supplement the crops at the target position, reducing the use of artificial light sources and saving energy.

[0082] For example, when the light intensity at a certain location is too high and may cause damage to the leaves of crops, the non-transparent photovoltaic panels are driven to block that location, thereby ensuring that the environment in the greenhouse maintains the best state for crop growth.

[0083] The photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring unit may include one or more of the following sensors: Air temperature sensor, used to collect air temperature data in the photovoltaic greenhouse; Air humidity sensor, used to collect air humidity data in the photovoltaic greenhouse; Irradiation sensors are used to collect irradiation data inside and outside the photovoltaic greenhouse; Soil moisture sensor is used to collect soil moisture data in the photovoltaic greenhouse.

[0084] The number, type and installation position of the specific sensors can be adjusted according to actual needs, and are not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0085] It should be noted that the acquisition of crop images and crop coordinate data in the photovoltaic greenhouse, as well as the automatic recognition of crop names and growth stages based on the acquired images by the image recognition network model are both prior arts that can be obtained by those skilled in the art, and the present invention does not elaborate on the principles thereof. The acquisition of crop coordinate data in the photovoltaic greenhouse can refer to the published patent application CN116126733A; crop recognition can refer to the published patent CN116030344A for construction.

[0086] Wherein, the control unit is also used to control the air temperature, air humidity, radiation intensity and soil moisture of the photovoltaic greenhouse based on the control instructions.

[0087] The control unit includes: Heating equipment, used to provide heating when the temperature is low and to regulate the greenhouse air temperature; Fan equipment, used for ventilation and cooling, to regulate greenhouse air temperature and humidity; Wet curtain equipment is used for cooling and humidifying, and regulating the greenhouse air temperature and humidity; Supplementary lighting equipment is used to provide artificial light when natural light is insufficient and to regulate the greenhouse radiation intensity; Irrigation equipment is used to water crops and regulate soil moisture in the greenhouse.

[0088] As for the specific specifications and models of the heating equipment, the fan equipment, the wet curtain equipment, the fill light equipment and the irrigation equipment, those skilled in the art may select them according to actual needs, and the present invention does not limit this.

[0089] The generating of corresponding control instructions based on the photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring data and the crop identification data specifically includes: obtaining the crop identification data; Match the optimal environmental parameters corresponding to crop categories, crop names and crop growth stages based on a preset rule base; Comparing the optimal environmental parameters with the photovoltaic greenhouse environmental monitoring data; Based on the comparison results and the crop position coordinates, corresponding control instructions are generated to control the control unit to adjust the environment of the photovoltaic greenhouse.

[0090] This embodiment provides a specific example, including the following steps: S1. Based on the optimal conditions required for normal growth of different crops at different growth stages, configure the rule semantics and store them in the rule base. The semantic rules include the following: Crop category, crop name, crop growth stage, crop growth judgment conditions, condition category, judgment logic, judgment threshold, operations performed after the rule is triggered, controlled equipment, operations performed on the equipment, extended scripts for complex control instructions, and the execution time interval for each rule.

[0091] For example, a rule is: the control rule for the tomato fruiting period is executed every 30 minutes, and each time it is judged whether the current light intensity is lower than 30,000 lux and whether the SPAD value is lower than 40 (the SPAD value is a relative indicator of chlorophyll content, and the higher the value, the higher the chlorophyll content). If the light intensity is lower than 30,000 lux and the SPAD value is lower than 40, the power control device is started to execute the photovoltaic component arrangement script permutation.

[0092] Convert this rule into a semantic rule: Crop categories: cash crops; Crop Name: Tomato; Crop growth stage: fruiting period; Crop growth criteria: (1) Condition category: light intensity, judgment logic: lower than, judgment threshold: 30000; (2) Condition category: SPAD value, judgment logic: lower than, judgment threshold: 40; Actions to be performed after the rule is triggered: Controlled equipment: power control equipment; Operations performed on the device: Start; Extended script for complex control instructions: permutation; The execution interval of each rule: 1800000.

[0093] S2. The collected photovoltaic greenhouse environmental monitoring data and crop identification data are transmitted to the integrated control unit in real time through the MQTT Broker. The integrated control unit obtains information such as the location, category, and growth stage of the crops, and converts the photovoltaic greenhouse environmental monitoring data into semantics that can be compared with the rules.

[0094] For example, the crop identification data shows that the tomatoes at a certain location in the greenhouse are in the fruiting period at a certain moment, and the photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring data shows that the light intensity at that location is 20,000 lux, and the SPAD value of the tomatoes is 32. The semantics of the original digital signal after conversion processing is: Light intensity: 20000, SPAD value 32.

[0095] S3. The integrated control unit further compares the converted semantics with the rules of the rule base. If the data does not meet the set conditions of the rule, a corresponding instruction is issued to perform the corresponding operation; otherwise, if the data meets the rule, no operation is performed.

[0096] For example, the current light intensity value is 20,000 lux, which is lower than the rule threshold of 30,000 lux, and the SPAD value is 32, which is lower than the rule threshold of 40, triggering the rule to execute the corresponding operation.

[0097] S4. The integrated control unit generates control instructions and sends them to the control unit through MQTT Broker.

[0098] For example, after the light intensity control rule for the tomato fruiting period is triggered, the operation to be performed is to start the power control device to execute the photovoltaic component arrangement script permutation to move the non-transparent photovoltaic panels at the corresponding position on the top of the greenhouse to allow sunlight to pass through to supplement the light for the tomatoes at that location.

[0099] It should be noted that, according to the different photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring data and crop identification data, the permutation script will return different photovoltaic module arrangements to achieve the adjustment of the photovoltaic greenhouse environment.

[0100] Among them, MQTT Broker serves as a message middleware, which correctly distributes control instructions to each control device in the control unit.

[0101] Among them, environmental conditioning equipment such as heating equipment, fill lighting equipment, and wet curtain equipment are in a dormant state before receiving instructions. When receiving control instructions, they start to perform corresponding operations.

[0102] The rules involved in the above examples are only for explanation and can be adjusted according to actual needs. The present invention does not make any specific limitations.

[0103] Among them, the optimal environmental parameters are the optimal environmental parameters of the crops with the highest priority in the photovoltaic greenhouse.

[0104] The crop with the highest priority in the photovoltaic greenhouse is determined by the following steps: Based on the economic value of crops in the photovoltaic greenhouse in the market, the economic value assessment results are obtained; Based on the sensitivity of crops in the photovoltaic greenhouse to the environment at different growth stages, the environmental sensitivity assessment results are obtained; Based on the market demand for crops in photovoltaic greenhouses, the market demand assessment results are obtained; Based on the economic value assessment result, the environmental sensitivity assessment result and the market demand assessment result, the crops in the photovoltaic greenhouse are prioritized to obtain the crops with the highest priority in the photovoltaic greenhouse.

[0105] Among them, the selling price of the corresponding crop is obtained by obtaining the name of the crop in the photovoltaic greenhouse. The query can be made on the Internet or in a database or vegetable trading network. The embodiment of the present invention does not make specific limitations. The economic value evaluation result can be obtained based on the economic value in the market, that is, the selling price. For example, if the selling price is lower than the first preset price, the economic value evaluation result is poor; if the selling price is higher than the first preset price and lower than the second preset price, the economic value evaluation result is medium; if the selling price is higher than the second preset price and lower than the third preset price, the economic value evaluation result is good; if the selling price is higher than the third preset price, the economic value evaluation result is excellent, and so on. The economic value evaluation result can be reflected by price. The specific embodiment of the present invention does not make specific limitations. Among them, the first preset price is less than the second preset price, the second preset price is less than the third preset price, the first to third preset prices can be set according to actual needs, and can also be set according to the historical average price of the same period. The present invention does not make specific limitations.

[0106] Among them, the market demand for crops in the photovoltaic greenhouse can be obtained through demand data or purchase data released by the vegetable trading network, or vegetable demand data released by the vegetable trading market, as well as demand data on agricultural products regularly released by statistical departments and statistical agencies of various countries. There are many ways to obtain specific crop demand data, and the embodiments of the present invention do not make specific limitations. After obtaining the crop market demand data, the market demand evaluation result can be obtained. If the market demand data is lower than the first preset demand, the market demand evaluation result is poor; if the market demand data is higher than the first preset demand and lower than the second preset demand, the market demand evaluation result is medium; if the market demand data is higher than the second preset demand and If the market demand data is lower than the third preset demand, the market demand evaluation result is good; if the market demand data is higher than the third preset demand, the market demand evaluation result is excellent, and so on. The market demand evaluation result can be reflected by market demand data. The specific reflection method is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present invention. Among them, the first preset demand is less than the second preset demand, and the second preset demand is less than the third preset demand. The first to third preset demands can be set according to actual needs, and can also be set according to the historical average demand during the same period. The present invention does not make specific limitations. For example, the excellent, medium and poor evaluation results can correspond to different scores, such as 10 points for excellent, 8 points for good, 5 points for medium and 3 points for poor.

[0107] The method of evaluating the sensitivity of crops in the photovoltaic greenhouse to the environment at different growth stages includes: S1. Divide each environmental factor into stages and assign the crop a sensitivity coefficient to the environment in the corresponding stage, where the sum of the environmental sensitivity coefficients of the same environmental factor in each stage is 1.

[0108] For example, this embodiment divides the environmental factor of air temperature into three stages: Stage 1: 15-20℃; Stage 2: 20-25℃; Stage 3: 25-30℃; When crops are in different temperature stages, they show different sensitivities to temperature changes. Therefore, a temperature sensitivity coefficient is assigned to crops in each temperature stage. For example, in the tomato fruiting period, when the temperature is in the second stage, its sensitivity to temperature changes is lower, while its sensitivity is higher in the second or third stage. Therefore, the sensitivity coefficients of tomatoes in each air temperature stage during the fruiting period are set as: S1=0.7, S2=0.3, S3=0.5 respectively.

[0109] At the same time, the air humidity is also divided into three stages: Stage 1: Relative humidity below 30%; Stage 2: Relative humidity 30%-70%; Stage 3: Relative humidity above 70%; The humidity sensitivity coefficients of tomato fruiting period to the above stages were set as: H1=0.4, H2=0.2, H3=0.4 respectively.

[0110] S2. Calculate the average sensitivity of the crop to each environmental factor based on the environmental sensitivity coefficient.

[0111] For example, this embodiment uses the weighted average method to calculate the average sensitivity of tomatoes to air temperature during the fruiting period according to the following formula: The sensitivity of air temperature is M 空气温度 , calculated as ,in, W i is the weight of the ith temperature stage, S i is the temperature sensitivity coefficient of the ith temperature stage.

[0112] When calculating, it is necessary to assign a certain weight to each stage of environmental factors. The weight can be determined based on the importance of crop growth at that stage. For example, 25-30℃ during the tomato fruiting period is more conducive to increasing yield. Therefore, the weight at that stage is greater, set to 0.6. 20-35℃ is second, with a weight of 0.3. 15-20℃ is the least, with a weight of 0.1.

[0113] The average sensitivity of the crop to air temperature M 空气温度 =0.7×0.1+0.3×0.3+0.5×0.6=0.46; The same method was used to calculate the average sensitivity of tomatoes to air humidity during the fruiting period: The sensitivity of air humidity is M 空气湿度 , ,in, W j is the weight of the jth humidity stage, H j is the humidity sensitivity coefficient of the jth humidity stage, M 空气湿度 =0.4×0.2+0.2×0.6+0.4×0.2=0.28; among them, 0.2, 0.6 and 0.2 are the weights of each air humidity stage respectively.

[0114] S3. Combine the average sensitivity of each environmental factor to obtain a comprehensive environmental sensitivity index.

[0115] The merging can be performed by weighted sum, product, geometric mean and other methods. In this embodiment, the weighted sum method is used for merging. Here, only two environmental factors, air temperature and air humidity, are taken as examples. The weights of the two are each assigned 0.5. Finally: Comprehensive environmental sensitivity index = 0.46×0.5+0.28×0.5=0.37.

[0116] Among them, after obtaining the comprehensive environmental sensitivity index, the comprehensive environmental sensitivity index can be compared with the corresponding index threshold to obtain the environmental sensitivity assessment result, if the comprehensive environmental sensitivity index is greater than the first threshold, the environmental sensitivity assessment result is sensitive, if the comprehensive environmental sensitivity index is less than the first threshold and greater than the second threshold, the environmental sensitivity assessment result is sensitive, if the comprehensive environmental sensitivity index is less than the second threshold and greater than the third threshold, the environmental sensitivity assessment result is not sensitive, if the comprehensive environmental sensitivity index is less than the third threshold, the environmental sensitivity assessment result is insensitive, wherein the first to third thresholds decrease in sequence, and the numerical values ​​of the first to third thresholds can be adjusted according to actual needs. The embodiment of the present invention does not make specific limitations. During the scoring process, different environmental sensitivity assessment results can correspond to different scores, such as 10 points for insensitive, 8 points for not sensitive, 5 points for sensitive, and 3 points for sensitive.

[0117] The rules involved in the above examples are only for explanation and description, and the present invention does not make any specific limitation.

[0118] After obtaining the economic value assessment results, the environmental sensitivity assessment results, and the market demand assessment results, each result can be converted into a corresponding score, and then the total score of each crop can be obtained by summing the scores. The crops in the photovoltaic greenhouse can be prioritized according to the total score to obtain the highest priority crops in the photovoltaic greenhouse. Among them, in actual applications, the importance differences and other differences of the economic value assessment results, the environmental sensitivity assessment results, and the market demand assessment results can also be considered when calculating the score, so that the total score obtained can better reflect the value of the crop. The specific total score and score calculation method are not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0119] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make other changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0120] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic greenhouse control system based on a rule engine, characterized in that: The system comprises: Photovoltaic unit, used to generate electricity based on solar power and store the electricity for use by electrical equipment in the photovoltaic greenhouse control system; A photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring unit is used to monitor the photovoltaic greenhouse environment and obtain photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring data; A crop identification unit, used to identify the crop category, crop name, crop growth stage and crop location of crops in the planting area of ​​the photovoltaic greenhouse to obtain crop identification data; A data transmission unit, used to transmit the photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring data and the crop identification data to the integrated control unit in real time, and to transmit the control instructions issued by the integrated control unit to the control unit; An integrated control unit, configured to generate corresponding control instructions based on the photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring data and the crop identification data, and send the control instructions to the data transmission unit; A control unit is used to adjust the position of the photovoltaic panel in the photovoltaic unit and / or control the environmental control equipment of the photovoltaic greenhouse based on the control instruction.

2. A photovoltaic greenhouse control system based on a rule engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic unit comprises: A plurality of first movable components, a plurality of second movable components, a slide rail component and a controller; the slide rail component is fixed to the top of the photovoltaic greenhouse, the first movable component and the second movable component are both slidably connected to the slide rail component, the controller is used to control the positions of the first movable component and the second movable component based on the control instructions of the control unit, and the first movable component and the second movable component respectively carry a non-transparent photovoltaic panel and a transparent photovoltaic panel.

3. A photovoltaic greenhouse control system based on a rule engine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The integrated control unit determines whether the crops in the photovoltaic greenhouse need light based on the photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring data and the crop identification data. If light is needed, the integrated control unit obtains the current incident angle of sunlight relative to the photovoltaic greenhouse roof, and based on the incident angle and the first planting area of ​​the crop, calculates the first penetration area corresponding to the photovoltaic greenhouse roof through which the sunlight directly covers the first planting area, and adjusts the photovoltaic panels distributed corresponding to the first penetration area to transparent photovoltaic panels.

4. A photovoltaic greenhouse control system based on a rule engine according to claim 3, characterized in that: Based on the incident angle and the first planting area of ​​the crop, calculating and obtaining a first penetration area corresponding to the photovoltaic greenhouse roof through which the sunlight directly covers the first planting area specifically includes: Based on the first planting area of ​​the crop, obtaining contour coordinate information of the first planting area; Calculate the coordinate information of each contour coordinate point in the contour coordinate information of the first penetration area based on the coordinate information of each contour coordinate point in the contour coordinate information, the height of the planting area from the photovoltaic greenhouse roof, and the incident angle; The first penetration area is obtained based on the coordinate information of each outline coordinate point in the outline coordinate information of the first penetration area.

5. The photovoltaic greenhouse control system based on rule engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific method for the crop identification unit to obtain the crop identification data is: constructing a spatial coordinate system; The crop recognition unit captures and obtains a first image of the crop planting area; Based on the spatial coordinate system, the first image is analyzed to obtain coordinate data of the planting area, and the position of the crop is obtained based on the coordinate data of the planting area; The first image is analyzed to determine whether there is a crop identification code in the first image, and if so, the crop category and crop name are obtained based on the crop identification code; if not, the first image is analyzed to obtain a crop local feature map, and the local feature map is analyzed to obtain the crop category and crop name; the first image is analyzed to obtain crop growth size information, and the crop growth stage is obtained based on the crop growth size information and the crop category and crop name; wherein the crop local features include: crop leaf and / or stem and / or flower features.

6. A photovoltaic greenhouse control system based on a rule engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system further comprises: A first detection unit, the first detection unit is used to perform fault detection on each photovoltaic panel in the photovoltaic unit; if a faulty photovoltaic panel is detected, the integrated control unit sends an instruction to the control unit, and the control unit moves the faulty photovoltaic panel to the side end of the photovoltaic greenhouse roof for repair or replacement; A second detection unit, the second detection unit is used to perform surface detection on each photovoltaic panel in the photovoltaic unit to obtain a surface detection result; based on the surface detection result, it is determined whether the surface of the photovoltaic panel is damaged and whether there is an obstruction on the surface of the photovoltaic panel; if the surface of the photovoltaic panel is damaged, the integrated control unit sends an instruction to the control unit, and the control unit moves the faulty photovoltaic panel to the side end of the photovoltaic greenhouse roof for repair or replacement; if there is an obstruction on the surface of the photovoltaic panel, the integrated control unit sends a purge instruction to the purge unit; A purge unit is used to purge the surface of the photovoltaic panel based on a purge instruction.

7. A photovoltaic greenhouse control system based on a rule engine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The purge unit comprises: A drone and a purge device, wherein the drone is used to carry the purge device and fly above the photovoltaic panel to be purge based on the purge instruction, and to carry the purge device to move during the purge process, and to carry the purge device back or fly to the next photovoltaic panel to be purge after the purge is completed; the purge device is used to purge the surface of the photovoltaic panel based on the purge instruction.

8. The photovoltaic greenhouse control system based on rule engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The generating corresponding control instructions based on the photovoltaic greenhouse environment monitoring data and the crop identification data specifically includes: obtaining the crop identification data; Match the optimal environmental parameters corresponding to crop categories, crop names and crop growth stages based on a preset rule base; Comparing the optimal environmental parameters with the photovoltaic greenhouse environmental monitoring data; Based on the comparison results and the crop position coordinates, corresponding control instructions are generated to control the control unit to adjust the environment of the photovoltaic greenhouse.

9. A photovoltaic greenhouse control system based on a rule engine according to claim 8, characterized in that: The optimal environmental parameters are the optimal environmental parameters for the crop with the highest priority in the photovoltaic greenhouse.

10. A photovoltaic greenhouse control system based on a rule engine according to claim 9, characterized in that: The crop with the highest priority in the photovoltaic greenhouse is determined by the following steps: Based on the economic value of crops in the photovoltaic greenhouse in the market, the economic value assessment results are obtained; Based on the sensitivity of crops in the photovoltaic greenhouse to the environment at different growth stages, the environmental sensitivity assessment results are obtained; Based on the market demand for crops in photovoltaic greenhouses, the market demand assessment results are obtained; Based on the economic value assessment result, the environmental sensitivity assessment result and the market demand assessment result, the crops in the photovoltaic greenhouse are prioritized to obtain the highest priority crops in the photovoltaic greenhouse.

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