Reverse structure and fluid migration integrated experimental device and method

Abstract

The invention provides a reverse structure and fluid migration integrated experimental device and method.The reverse structure and fluid migration integrated experimental device comprises an experimental box, the experimental box is a rectangular box, and an experimental model for simulating a stratum structure is arranged in the experimental box; the push-pull power mechanism is connected with the experiment box and is used for pushing and pulling the experiment model in the experiment box so as to stretch or extrude the simulated stratum; and the fluid injection mechanism is used for injecting dyeing fluid from the side direction of the experimental model. According to the device and the method, the extrusion structure deformation process can be simulated on the basis of a stretching simulation result of uniform stress transmission, fluid migration simulation is completed under the condition that an elastic polymer used in a stretching simulation experiment is not damaged, and effective combination of reversal structure simulation of stretching first and then extrusion and fluid migration simulation is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an experimental device integrating inversion structure and fluid migration, and belongs to the professional fields of geological structure simulation and structural reservoir control. Background Art

[0002] Studying geological structures is of great significance to the study and understanding of plate slip, fault impact, and fold formation. The evolutionary process of early extension and late compression leads to the development of complex structures. Most normal faults developed in early extension will reverse in the later compression environment and become the main controlling faults that affect sedimentary thickness and structural morphology. Therefore, inversion faults have an important impact on the migration, enrichment, and preservation of oil and gas. Building an experimental device that integrates inversion structure and fluid migration is of great significance in constraining and guiding the analysis of the control of inversion structure on oil and gas. It can also be used to analyze the control mechanism of early normal faults on the development of reverse faults in the later compression environment.

[0003] Physical simulation experiments can assist in studying the evolution of inverted structures and the process of oil and gas accumulation. Physical simulation experiments use the principle of similarity to restore the evolution of structures by controlling the factors of structural deformation. Generally, multiple layers of quartz sand are laid in the laboratory to simulate the formation, and then the two ends of the simulated formation are squeezed or stretched. By recording and processing the migration of each layer of quartz sand, the formation evolution and structural causes are analyzed.

[0004] Most existing physical simulation instruments are simulation devices of a single dynamic system, which can only complete extension or compression simulation experiments, and the simulations are mostly concentrated on the structural deformation stage, without paying attention to the simulation of fluid migration and the influence of pre-existing faults in the inversion structure. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention proposes an experimental device and method integrating inversion structure and fluid migration, which can simulate the deformation process of extrusion structure based on the stretching simulation result of uniform stress transmission, and complete the fluid migration simulation without destroying the elastic polymer used in the stretching simulation experiment, thereby achieving an effective combination of inversion structure simulation of first stretching and then extrusion and fluid migration simulation.

[0006] The present invention proposes an experimental device integrating inversion structure and fluid migration, comprising:

[0007] An experimental box, which is a rectangular box, in which an experimental model simulating a stratum structure is placed;

[0008] A push-pull power mechanism connected to the test box and pushing and pulling the test model in the test box to stretch or squeeze the simulated formation; and

[0009] A fluid injection mechanism, which injects dyeing fluid from the side of the experimental model;

[0010] The push-pull power mechanism first stretches and then squeezes the experimental model, thereby simulating the inversion structural deformation of the stratum, and the fluid injection mechanism injects dyed fluid into the experimental model to perform a fluid migration simulation experiment based on the inversion structural deformation.

[0011] A further improvement of the present invention is that the experimental box comprises an experimental platform at the bottom, and transparent baffles are provided on the edges of both sides and the rear side of the experimental platform;

[0012] A double-layer push-pull structure connected to a push-pull power mechanism is arranged on the front side of the experimental platform.

[0013] A further improvement of the present invention is that the push-pull power mechanism comprises a power electric cylinder, and a push rod connected to the double-layer push-pull structure is provided on the power electric cylinder, and the push rod extends or contracts under the action of the power electric cylinder.

[0014] A further improvement of the present invention is that the double-layer push-pull structure comprises a stretching push plate close to the power electric cylinder and a squeezing push plate away from the power electric cylinder, and the stretching push plate is provided with a through hole;

[0015] The push rod passes through the through hole, and a push plate is arranged at the front end of the push rod; the push plate is arranged between the stretching push plate and the pressing push plate.

[0016] A further improvement of the present invention is that a push plate groove is provided on the extrusion push plate, and the push plate is arranged in the push plate groove.

[0017] A further improvement of the present invention is that an elastic layer is provided on the experimental platform, and the rear end of the elastic layer is fixedly connected to the transparent baffle on the rear side; the two sides of the elastic layer are movably connected to the transparent baffles on the left side and the rear side respectively;

[0018] The front end of the elastic layer is fixedly connected to the stretching push plate and is stretched as the stretching push plate moves forward.

[0019] A further improvement of the present invention is that groove guide rails are provided on both sides of the experimental platform, a plurality of traction rings are arranged in the groove guide rails, both sides of the elastic layer pass through the transparent baffles on the side, and the edges are connected to the traction rings;

[0020] The traction ring moves flexibly in the guide rail as the elastic layer is stretched and deformed.

[0021] A further improvement of the present invention is that the front and rear ends of the transparent baffles on both sides of the experimental platform are fixedly connected to the experimental platform through fixing blocks; the elastic layer seals and slides through the gap between the bottom of the transparent baffle and the experimental platform and extends onto the groove guide rail.

[0022] A further improvement of the present invention is that a plurality of injection holes are correspondingly arranged on the stretching push plate and the extrusion push plate, and the injection holes are sealed by plugs; after removing the plugs, the fluid injection mechanism can be connected, and the fluid injection mechanism injects the dyeing fluid into the experimental box through the injection holes.

[0023] A further improvement of the present invention is that the fluid injection mechanism comprises a fluid-controlled injection pump, the fluid-controlled injection pump is provided with at least one hose, the hose is connected with a delivery pipe; the delivery pipe can be inserted into the injection hole.

[0024] A further improvement of the present invention is that the elastic layer is a silicone rubber; the transparent baffle is a glass plate coated with a hydrophobic material; and the surface of the delivery pipe is coated with a hydrophobic material.

[0025] According to another aspect of the present invention, a physical simulation experimental method for integrating inversion structure and fluid migration is also proposed. The experiment is conducted using the experimental device for integrating inversion structure and fluid migration, which includes:

[0026] It includes:

[0027] Step 1: Arrange experimental materials in the experimental box to form a simulated stratum for a stretching simulation experiment, and conduct a stretching simulation experiment;

[0028] Step 2: Arrange experimental materials to form a simulated stratum for an extrusion simulation experiment, and conduct an extrusion simulation experiment;

[0029] Step 3, laying a protective layer on the top of the simulated stratum of the extrusion simulation experiment;

[0030] Step 4, pumping dyed fluid to perform fluid migration simulation experiment;

[0031] Step 5: Remove a transparent baffle on the side, slice the experimental model at intervals of 1-2 cm, observe and take photos to obtain the position, direction and main storage location of the fluid migration.

[0032] A further improvement of the present invention is that in step one, experimental materials are arranged in the experimental box, and silicone fluid layers and interactive layers are laid in sequence to form a simulated stratum for a stretching simulation experiment; a push-pull power mechanism pulls the double-layer push-pull structure, the elastic layer and the simulated stratum for the stretching simulation experiment forward to conduct a stretching simulation experiment.

[0033] A further improvement of the present invention is that in step 2, the stretching push plate is fixed, and the experimental materials are arranged to form a simulated stratum for the extrusion simulation experiment; the pulling force mechanism pushes the extrusion push plate and the simulated stratum for the extrusion simulation experiment to move backwards to perform the extrusion simulation experiment;

[0034] The simulated stratum for the compression simulation experiment includes the simulated stratum for the extension simulation experiment and the syn-sedimentary wet quartz sand layer and the syn-sedimentary wet clay layer covering the stratum.

[0035] A further improvement of the present invention is that the protective layer is a quartz sand protective layer. After the protective layer is laid, the experimental box is poured with a spray pot, and the spray pot is evenly sprayed at a distance of 15±3 cm from the top of the experimental material until all the experimental materials are soaked.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0037] The experimental device and method for integrating inversion structure and fluid migration described in the present invention can simulate the deformation process of the extrusion structure based on the stretching simulation results of uniform stress transmission, and complete the fluid migration simulation without destroying the elastic polymer used in the stretching simulation experiment, thereby achieving an effective combination of the inversion structure simulation of first stretching and then squeezing and the fluid migration simulation.

[0038] The present invention adopts a double-layer push plate structure and a lateral fluid injection structure to complete the reverse structural simulation while stabilizing the stretching simulation setting, and avoids the damage of the traditional oil and gas migration channel to the bottom of the test box and the model, conveniently realizing the organic combination of the reverse structural simulation of stretching first and then squeezing and the fluid migration simulation experiment.

[0039] In the experimental device and method for integrating inversion structure and fluid migration described in the present invention, a fluid migration channel is established on the push plate side to avoid damage to the bottom of the test box, and a fluid migration simulation experiment based on the inversion structure deformation of first stretching and then squeezing is realized. The double-layer push plate is flexible to install and operate. Without changing the shape of the elastic sheet after the stretching simulation, the movement direction of the power electric cylinder is changed to ensure that the elastic sheet is stationary during the squeezing simulation, reducing the influence of human operation on the experimental results.

[0040] In the experimental device and method for integrating inversion structure and fluid migration described in the present invention, the fluid control injection pump is used to control the fluid velocity and flow rate, and the flow rate and total injection volume are set by the fluid control injection pump to provide power for fluid migration, and the dyed fluid migration simulation material is injected into the experimental model through the injection tube. During the fluid migration, the experimental process is continuously observed through the side wall, and the camera is set to automatically take pictures and record the experimental process at fixed intervals according to the simulation time calculated according to the similarity principle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0042] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of an experimental device integrating inversion structure and fluid migration according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 Shown is a schematic diagram of a fixing block according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of an experimental model of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] The drawings are not drawn to scale.

[0046] The meanings of the reference numerals in the accompanying drawings are as follows:

[0047] 1. Experiment box, 2. Push-pull power mechanism, 3. Fluid injection mechanism, 4. Experimental model, 11. Experimental platform, 12. Transparent baffle, 13. Tensile push plate, 14. Extrusion push plate, 15. Push plate groove, 16. Groove guide rail, 17. Traction ring, 18. Fixed block, 21. Power electric cylinder, 22. Push rod, 23. Push plate, 24. Computer, 31. Fluid control injection pump, 32. Injection hole, 33. Delivery pipe, 34. Injection hose, 41. Silicone skin, 42. Silicone fluid, 43. Wet quartz sand layer, 44. Wet clay layer, 45. Co-deposited wet quartz sand layer, 46. Co-deposited wet clay layer, 47. Protective layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the exemplary embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than an exhaustive list of all the embodiments. In addition, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0049] According to the experimental device of the present invention, which integrates inversion structure and fluid migration, it is possible to simulate the deformation process of the extrusion structure based on the stretching simulation result of uniform stress transmission, and complete the fluid migration simulation without destroying the elastic polymer used in the stretching simulation experiment, thereby achieving an effective combination of the inversion structure simulation of first stretching and then squeezing and the fluid migration simulation.

[0050] Figure 1 An experimental device for integrating inversion structure and fluid migration is schematically shown, comprising: an experimental box 1, which is a rectangular box, and an experimental model 4 simulating the stratum structure is placed in the experimental box 1. The experimental model 4 is used to simulate the stratum structure and is formed by laying experimental materials of different materials.

[0051] In this embodiment, the experimental box 1 is connected with a push-pull power mechanism 2, which is used to push and pull the experimental model 4 in the experimental box 1, so as to stretch or squeeze the stratum simulated by the experimental model 4, thereby simulating the inversion structural deformation of the stratum. During the experiment, the experimental model 4 material for the tensile experiment is first laid, and the tensile experiment is performed on the experimental model 4 material, and then the experimental model 4 material for the extrusion experiment is laid, and the experimental model 4 material is squeezed, thereby simulating the inversion structural deformation.

[0052] The fluid injection mechanism 3 injects the dyeing fluid from the side of the experimental model 4. If the method of injecting the migration fluid through the bottom is adopted, the stretching simulation experiment needs to set a uniformly stretchable elastic polymer sheet at the bottom, and the fluid cannot penetrate the elastic sheet into the simulation material.

[0053] The dyed fluid can dye the experimental model 4, and the migration mode of the fluid can be observed intuitively.

[0054] In the experimental device integrating inversion structure and fluid migration described in this embodiment, the push-pull power mechanism 2 first stretches and then squeezes the experimental model 4, thereby simulating the deformation of the formation inversion structure. The fluid injection mechanism 3 injects dyed fluid into the experimental model 4 to conduct a fluid migration simulation experiment based on the inversion structure deformation.

[0055] In one embodiment, the experimental box 1 comprises an experimental platform 11 at the bottom, and transparent baffles 12 are arranged on both sides and the rear edge of the experimental platform 11. A double-layer push-pull structure connected to the push-pull power mechanism 2 is arranged on the front side of the experimental platform 11.

[0056] The experimental platform 11 is a square flat plate structure. In the present invention, the front end of the experimental platform 11 is an end close to the push-pull power mechanism 2, and the rear end is an end away from the push-pull mechanism.

[0057] Transparent baffles 12 are provided at the rear end and both sides of the experimental platform 11, wherein the experimental platform 11 preferably adopts a transparent acrylic bottom plate, and the transparent baffle 12 and the double-layer push-pull structure provided at the rear end preferably adopt vertically detachable acrylic push baffles, and the transparent baffles 12 on both sides are preferably glass baffles. The top of the experimental platform 11 is open without a cover. The contact surface between the double-layer push-pull structure and the bottom plate of the experimental platform 11 and the transparent baffle 12 is provided with a groove filled with a PU polyurethane sealing strip, and the components in the experimental box 1 are in smooth and seamless contact.

[0058] The three groups of transparent baffles 12 form a rectangular box with an opening on one side, and the transparent baffles 12 are fixedly connected; the opening on one side is blocked by a double-layer push-pull structure, and a rectangular box is formed inside, and the box can accommodate the experimental model 4. The double-layer push-pull structure can move with the drive of the push-pull power mechanism 2, thereby completing stretching or squeezing.

[0059] When using the experimental device according to this embodiment, firstly, three sets of transparent baffles 12 are installed on the experimental platform 11, and experimental materials are arranged on the experimental platform 11 to form a simulated stratum for a stretching simulation experiment, and the simulated stratum for the stretching simulation experiment can be pulled by the double-layer push-pull structure to perform a stretching simulation experiment. When the stretching simulation experiment is completed, the extrusion simulation material is added to form a simulated stratum for an extrusion simulation experiment, and the simulated stratum for the extrusion simulation experiment is pushed to move by the double-layer push-pull structure to perform an extrusion simulation experiment.

[0060] After the experiment is completed, one of the transparent baffles 12 is disassembled, and the experimental model 4 is sliced ​​and observed and photographed to obtain the position, direction and main storage position of the fluid migration.

[0061] In one embodiment, the push-pull power mechanism 2 includes a power electric cylinder 21, which provides power for pushing and pulling the experimental model 4. The power electric cylinder 21 is provided with a push rod 22 connected to the double-layer push-pull structure, and the push rod 22 is extended or contracted under the action of the power electric cylinder 21, thereby driving the double-layer push-pull structure to move forward or backward, and can pull the experimental model 4 to unfold when moving forward, and can squeeze the experimental model 4 when moving backward.

[0062] In one embodiment, the double-layer push-pull structure includes a stretching push plate 13 and an extrusion push plate 14. The stretching push plate 13 is arranged at the front side, that is, the side close to the power electric cylinder 21; the extrusion push plate 14 is arranged at the rear side, that is, the side away from the power electric cylinder 21. A through hole is arranged in the middle of the stretching push plate 13.

[0063] The push rod 22 passes through the through hole, which is a smooth and movable round hole, and the push rod 22 can move in the round hole during the extension and retraction process. A push plate 23 is arranged at the front end of the push rod 22, and the push plate 23 is arranged parallel to the stretching push plate 13 and the extrusion push plate 14. The push plate 23 is arranged between the stretching push plate 13 and the extrusion push plate 14.

[0064] In the experimental device integrating the inversion structure and fluid transport according to the present embodiment, the front end of the push rod 22 extends into the middle of the double-layer push-pull structure, and the push plate 23 at its end is arranged between the stretching push plate 13 and the squeezing push plate 14. When the push rod 22 contracts, the push plate 23 can drive the stretching push plate 13 to move forward, thereby driving the elastic layer on the experimental platform 11 to stretch; when the push rod 22 extends, the push plate 23 can push the pressurizing push plate to move backward, thereby squeezing the experimental model 4.

[0065] In one embodiment, the extrusion push plate 14 is provided with a push plate groove 15, and the push plate 23 is arranged in the push plate groove 15. This can save space, and initially, the gap between the extrusion push plate 14 and the stretching push plate 13 is reduced.

[0066] In one embodiment, an elastic layer is provided on the experimental platform 11, and the elastic layer is provided at the bottom of the experimental model 4. The elastic layer has a certain elasticity and can be stretched and deformed. When stretched, it can drive the material of the experimental model 4 above it to move and stretch as a whole. In this embodiment, the elastic layer is preferably made of silicone skin 41.

[0067] The rear end of the elastic layer is fixedly connected to the transparent baffle 12 at the rear side; the two sides of the elastic layer are movably connected to the transparent baffle 12 at the left side and the rear side respectively.

[0068] The front end of the elastic layer is fixedly connected to the stretching push plate 13 and is stretched as the stretching push plate 13 moves forward.

[0069] When the stretching push plate 13 moves forward, since the bottom of the stretching push plate 13 is fixed to the front end of the elastic layer, the movement of the stretching push plate 13 can drive the elastic layer to stretch, and both sides of the elastic layer are slidingly sealed and connected to the transparent baffle 12 during the stretching process.

[0070] The power electric cylinder 21 is connected to a computer and controlled by a computer program. The computer program sets the movement speed and displacement of the electric cylinder. The traction push rod 22 drives the stretching push plate 13, the extrusion push plate 14 and the silicone skin 41 to move toward the power electric cylinder 21, completing the stretching simulation experiment within the elastic deformation of the silicone skin 41.

[0071] The stretching push plate 13 is fixed on the experimental platform 11, the speed and displacement of the power electric cylinder 21 are set, and the push rod 22 drives the extrusion push plate 14 to move away from the power electric cylinder 21. In this stage, the stretching push plate 13 and the silicone skin 41 maintain the end state of the stretching simulation and do not change with the movement of the extrusion push plate 14. The extrusion push plate 14 ends its movement, and finally obtains the inversion structure deformation simulation result.

[0072] In one embodiment, groove guide rails 16 are provided on both sides of the experimental platform 11, and the groove guide rails 16 are located outside the transparent baffle 12. A plurality of traction rings 17 are provided in the groove guide rails 16, and the traction rings 17 can move along the groove guide rails 16. Both sides of the elastic layer pass through the transparent baffle 12 on the side, and the edges are connected to the traction rings 17.

[0073] The traction ring 17 moves flexibly in the guide rail as the elastic layer is stretched and deformed.

[0074] The groove guide rail 16 and the traction ring 17 are provided to prevent the elastic layer from shrinking laterally and becoming narrower when stretched.

[0075] In one embodiment, the front and rear ends of the transparent baffles 12 on both sides of the experimental platform 11 are fixedly connected to the experimental platform 11 through fixing blocks 18. The elastic layer slides through the gap between the bottom of the transparent baffle 12 and the experimental platform 11 and extends to the groove guide rail 16.

[0076] In this embodiment, if Figure 2 As shown, the fixing block 18 is a square block structure, and a groove is arranged on the side. The width of the groove matches the width of the transparent baffle 12, so that the transparent baffle 12 can be inserted into the groove. A plurality of screw holes are arranged on the top of the fixing block 18, and bolts can be arranged in the screw holes. By arranging the bolts in the screw holes, the fixing block 18 is fixed, so that the transparent baffle 12 on the side is fixed.

[0077] The transparent baffle 12 at the rear is connected to the experimental platform 11 via a fixing buckle.

[0078] After the stretching test is completed, the stretching push plate 13 is kept fixed during the extrusion test, and the fixing method is to fix the stretching push plate 13 on the side transparent baffle 12 through a fixing block 18 .

[0079] In one embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, the experimental model 4 includes an initial model, a syn-sedimentary layer and a protective layer 47. The initial model includes a silica gel fluid 42 layer and an alternating layer above the silica gel skin 41; the alternating layer includes a simulated stratum of alternating wet quartz sand and wet clay with a thickness of about 5 cm. The syn-sedimentary layer includes a syn-sedimentary wet clay layer 46 and a syn-sedimentary wet quartz sand layer 45. The protective layer 47 is a quartz sand layer.

[0080] In one embodiment, the stretching push plate 13 and the squeezing push plate 14 are respectively provided with a plurality of injection holes 32, and the injection holes 32 are sealed by plugs. The plugs can be removed, and the injection holes 32 are blocked by the plugs when the fluid injection mechanism 3 does not need to be connected. When the fluid injection mechanism 3 needs to be connected, the fluid injection mechanism 3 can be connected after the plugs are removed, and the fluid injection mechanism 3 injects the dye fluid into the experimental box 1 through the injection holes 32.

[0081] In the experimental device for integrating reverse structure and fluid migration described in this embodiment, a fluid injection mechanism 3 for injecting fluid is provided on one side of the double-layer push-pull structure close to the push-pull power mechanism 2. The fluid injection mechanism 3 has a plurality of injection holes 32, which are respectively provided on the tensile push plate 13 and the extrusion push plate 14. During the experiment, the injection hole 32 to be injected with fluid is selected according to the position of the reverse fault or the main thrust fault in the experiment. The plug is removed, and the delivery pipe 33 is inserted into the corresponding injection hole 32 to ensure that the front end of the delivery pipe 33 is located at the foot of the reverse fault.

[0082] The fluid control injection pump 31 is used to control the fluid speed and flow rate. The flow rate and total injection volume are set by the fluid control injection pump 31 to provide power for fluid migration, and the dyed fluid migration simulation material is injected into the experimental model 4 through the injection tube. During the fluid migration, the experimental process is continuously observed through the side wall, and the camera is set to automatically take pictures and record the experimental process at fixed intervals according to the simulation time calculated according to the similarity principle.

[0083] In one embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the fluid injection mechanism 3 includes a fluid-controlled injection pump 31, the inlet end of the fluid-controlled injection pump 31 is connected to the dyeing fluid source, and at least one injection hose 34 is provided at the outlet end. Figure 1 In the illustrated embodiment, two liquid injection hoses 34 are provided at the outlet end, and a delivery pipe 33 is connected to the liquid injection hose 34. The delivery pipe 33 can be inserted into the injection hole 32. Preferably, the delivery pipe 33 is an extremely thin delivery pipe 33 made of a hard material.

[0084] Preferably, the elastic layer is a silicone skin 41, or a rubber sheet. The silicone skin 41 has better elasticity than rubber material and is not easy to break; the transparent baffle 12 is a glass plate coated with a hydrophobic material, and the surface of the delivery tube 33 is coated with a hydrophobic material, which reduces interference with fluid migration during the experiment.

[0085] According to another aspect of the present invention, a physical simulation experimental method for integrating inversion structure and fluid migration is also proposed, and the experiment is carried out using the experimental device for integrating inversion structure and fluid migration according to the above embodiment. The method comprises the following steps:

[0086] Step 1: Arrange the experimental materials in the experimental box 1 to form a simulated stratum for the stretching simulation experiment; the push-pull power mechanism 2 pulls the double-layer push-pull structure, the elastic layer and the simulated stratum for the stretching simulation experiment forward to conduct a stretching simulation experiment;

[0087] In this embodiment, the simulated stratum of the extension simulation experiment is an initial model, including a silica gel fluid layer and an alternating layer, wherein the alternating layer is formed by alternatingly arranging and paving a wet quartz sand layer 43 and a plurality of wet clay layers 44 .

[0088] Step 2: fix the stretching push plate 13, lay out the experimental materials to form a simulated stratum for the extrusion simulation experiment; the pulling power mechanism pushes the extrusion push plate 14 and the simulated stratum for the extrusion simulation experiment to move backwards, and perform an extrusion simulation experiment;

[0089] The simulated strata in the extrusion simulation experiment are the initial model with the addition of a syn-sedimentary wet quartz sand layer 45 and a syn-sedimentary wet clay layer 46.

[0090] Step 3, laying a protective layer 47 on the top of the simulated stratum of the extrusion simulation experiment;

[0091] The top protective layer 47 is a quartz sand layer.

[0092] Step 4, setting the fluid speed and flow rate of the fluid control injection pump 31, and injecting the dyeing fluid into the experimental model 4 through the fluid control injection pump 31;

[0093] Step 5: Remove a transparent baffle 12 on one side, slice the experimental model 4 at intervals of 1-2 cm, observe and take photos to obtain the position, direction and main storage position of the fluid migration.

[0094] In one embodiment, the simulated stratum of the extension simulation experiment includes a silica gel fluid 42 layer and an alternating layer, wherein the alternating layer is formed by alternatingly arranging a plurality of wet quartz sand layers 43 and a plurality of wet clay layers 44;

[0095] The simulated strata in the extrusion simulation experiment are based on the initial model by adding a syn-deposited wet quartz sand layer 45 and a syn-deposited wet clay layer 46.

[0096] The protective layer 47 is a quartz sand protective layer 47 .

[0097] In one embodiment, after laying the protective layer 47, the experimental box 1 is poured with a spray pot, and the spray pot mouth is evenly sprayed at a distance of 15±3 cm from the top of the experimental material until all the experimental materials are soaked.

[0098] In one embodiment, a physical simulation experimental method for integrating inversion structure and fluid migration includes the following steps:

[0099] Step 1. In the initial state, the silicone skin 41 is fully stretched in a normal form. The experimental materials are arranged in the experimental box 1, and the power electric cylinder 21 is started. The power electric cylinder 21 drives the stretching push plate 13, the extrusion push plate 14 and the silicone skin 41 to move forward, that is, to the side in the direction of movement of the power electric cylinder 21. The silicone skin 41 and the experimental materials thereon are stretched, thereby performing a stretching simulation experiment.

[0100] Step 2: After the extension simulation experiment is completed, the stretching push plate 13 is fixed. The fixing method can be to fix it on the transparent baffle 12 on the side through the fixing block 18, or to fix it on the experimental platform 11. The material for simulating the extrusion stage is laid on the experimental material. The material for simulating the extrusion stage includes a wet quartz sand layer 43 and a wet clay layer laid from bottom to top. Specifically, a 2 cm wet quartz sand layer 43 is laid on the result of the extension experiment, and a 1 cm wet clay layer is laid on the top to simulate the sedimentary strata in the extrusion stage, and at the same time, it is convenient to observe the subsequent reverse fault distance.

[0101] The power electric cylinder 21 is started, and the power electric cylinder 21 pushes the push rod 22 to extend, thereby pushing the extrusion push plate 14 to move away from the power electric cylinder 21, and an extrusion simulation experiment is performed.

[0102] Step 3. After the extrusion simulation experiment is completed, lay protective materials on the top of the material in the simulated extrusion stage. Lay about 5 cm thick quartz sand in the experimental box 1 to prevent subsequent operations from damaging the structural morphology and protect the integrity of the surface of the experimental model 4. Use a spray pot to pour the experimental box 1, and spray evenly at a distance of about 15 cm from the top of the experimental material until all the experimental materials are soaked. This operation can increase the cohesion between the particles of the experimental material, highlight the dominant channel role of the fault, and facilitate subsequent fluid migration simulation experiments. At the same time, maintain the shape of the experimental model 4 to facilitate slice observation after the experiment.

[0103] Step 4: Set the fluid speed and flow rate of the fluid control injection pump 31 , and inject the dyed simulated fluid material into the experimental model 4 through the fluid control injection pump 3110 .

[0104] Step 5: After the experiment is completed, remove the glass baffle on one side, slice the experimental model 4 at intervals of 1-2 cm, observe and take photos to obtain the position, direction and main storage position of the fluid migration.

[0105] The present invention establishes a fluid migration channel on the push plate side to avoid damage to the bottom of the test box, and realizes a fluid migration simulation experiment based on the reverse structural deformation of first stretching and then squeezing. The double-layer push plate is flexible to install and operate. Without changing the shape of the elastic sheet after the stretching simulation, the movement direction of the power electric cylinder 21 is changed to ensure that the elastic sheet is stationary during the squeezing simulation, reducing the impact of human operation on the experimental results.

[0106] It should be understood that the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are not limited to the specific structures, processing steps or materials disclosed herein, but should be extended to equivalent substitutions of these features understood by ordinary technicians in the relevant field. It should also be understood that the terms used herein are only used for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not meant to be limiting.

[0107] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more than two; the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front end", "rear end", "head", "tail", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0108] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0109] Certain terms are used throughout this specification to refer to specific system components. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, different names may be used to refer to the same component, and thus this specification is not intended to distinguish between components that differ only in name and not in function. References to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" in the specification mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the invention. Therefore, the phrases "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" appearing in various places throughout the specification do not necessarily all refer to the same embodiment.

[0110] The embodiments of the present invention are given for the purpose of illustration and description, and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the disclosed forms. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiments are selected and described in order to better illustrate the principles and practical applications of the present invention and to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to understand the present invention and thereby design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for specific uses.

[0111] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they are aware of the basic creative concepts. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and / or modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention, and changes and / or modifications made according to the embodiments of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An experimental device integrating inversion structure and fluid migration, characterized in that: include: An experimental box (1), wherein the experimental box (1) is a rectangular box, and an experimental model (4) simulating a stratum structure is placed in the experimental box (1); A push-pull power mechanism (2) is connected to the experimental box (1) and pushes and pulls the experimental model (4) in the experimental box (1) to stretch or squeeze the simulated stratum; and A fluid injection mechanism (3), wherein the fluid injection mechanism (3) injects dyeing fluid from the side of the experimental model (4); The push-pull power mechanism (2) first stretches and then squeezes the experimental model (4), thereby simulating the inversion structural deformation of the stratum, and the fluid injection mechanism (3) injects dyed fluid into the experimental model (4) to perform a fluid migration simulation experiment based on the inversion structural deformation.

2. The experimental device integrating inversion structure and fluid migration according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The experimental box (1) comprises an experimental platform (11) at the bottom, and transparent baffles (12) are arranged on the edges of both sides and the rear side of the experimental platform (11); The front side of the experimental platform (11) is provided with a double-layer push-pull structure connected to the push-pull power mechanism (2).

3. The experimental device integrating inversion structure and fluid migration according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The push-pull power mechanism (2) comprises a power electric cylinder (21), on which a push rod (22) connected to the double-layer push-pull structure is arranged, and the push rod (22) is extended or contracted under the action of the power electric cylinder (21).

4. The experimental device integrating inversion structure and fluid migration according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The double-layer push-pull structure comprises a stretching push plate (13) on a side close to the power electric cylinder (21) and a squeezing push plate (14) on a side away from the power electric cylinder (21), and a through hole is provided on the stretching push plate (13); The push rod (22) passes through the through hole, and a push plate (23) is provided at the front end of the push rod (22); the push plate (23) is arranged between the stretching push plate (13) and the squeezing push plate (14).

5. The experimental device integrating inversion structure and fluid migration according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The extrusion push plate (14) is provided with a push plate groove (15), and the push plate (23) is arranged in the push plate groove (15).

6. The experimental device integrating inversion structure and fluid migration according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: The experimental platform (11) is provided with an elastic layer, the rear end of which is fixedly connected to the transparent baffle (12) at the rear side; the two sides of the elastic layer are movably connected to the transparent baffles (12) at the left side and the rear side respectively; The front end of the elastic layer is fixedly connected to the stretching push plate (13), and is stretched as the stretching push plate (13) moves forward.

7. The experimental device integrating inversion structure and fluid migration according to claim 6, characterized in that: Grooved guide rails (16) are arranged on both sides of the experimental platform (11), and a plurality of traction rings (17) are arranged inside the grooved guide rails (16). Both sides of the elastic layer pass through the transparent baffles (12) on the side, and the edges are connected to the traction rings (17); The traction ring (17) moves flexibly in the guide rail as the elastic layer is stretched and deformed.

8. The experimental device integrating inversion structure and fluid migration according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The front and rear ends of the transparent baffles (12) on both sides of the experimental platform (11) are fixedly connected to the experimental platform (11) via fixing blocks (18); the elastic layer seals and slides through the gap between the bottom of the transparent baffle (12) and the experimental platform (11) and extends onto the groove guide rail (16).

9. The experimental device integrating inversion structure and fluid migration according to claim 8, characterized in that: The stretching push plate (13) and the squeezing push plate (14) are each provided with a plurality of injection holes (32) correspondingly, and the injection holes (32) are sealed by plugs; after the plugs are removed, the fluid injection mechanism (3) can be connected, and the fluid injection mechanism (3) injects dyeing fluid into the experimental box (1) through the injection holes (32).

10. The experimental device integrating inversion structure and fluid migration according to claim 9, characterized in that: The fluid injection mechanism (3) comprises a fluid-controlled injection pump (31), the fluid-controlled injection pump (31) being provided with at least one injection hose (34), the injection hose (34) being connected with a delivery pipe (33); the delivery pipe (33) being capable of being plugged into the injection hole (32).

11. The experimental device integrating inversion structure and fluid migration according to claim 10, characterized in that: The elastic layer is a silicone rubber (41); the transparent baffle (12) is a glass plate coated with a hydrophobic material; and the surface of the delivery pipe (33) is coated with a hydrophobic material.

12. A physical simulation experimental method integrating inversion structure and fluid migration, characterized in that: An experiment is conducted using an experimental device integrating inversion structure and fluid migration according to any one of claims 1 to 11, comprising: Step 1: Arrange experimental materials in the experimental box (1) to form a simulated stratum for a stretching simulation experiment, and conduct a stretching simulation experiment; Step 2: Arrange experimental materials to form a simulated stratum for an extrusion simulation experiment, and conduct an extrusion simulation experiment; Step 3, laying a protective layer (47) on the top of the simulated stratum of the extrusion simulation experiment; Step 4, pumping dyed fluid to perform fluid migration simulation experiment; Step 5: remove a transparent baffle (12) on the side, slice the experimental model (4) at intervals of 1-2 cm, observe and take photos to obtain the position, direction and main storage position of the fluid migration.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that In step one, experimental materials are arranged in the experimental box (1), and a silicone fluid (42) layer and an alternating layer are laid in sequence to form a simulated stratum for a stretching simulation experiment; a push-pull power mechanism (2) pulls the double-layer push-pull structure, the elastic layer and the simulated stratum for the stretching simulation experiment forward to conduct a stretching simulation experiment.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that In step 2, the stretching push plate (13) is fixed, and the experimental materials are arranged to form a simulated stratum for the extrusion simulation experiment; the pulling force mechanism pushes the extrusion push plate (14) and the simulated stratum for the extrusion simulation experiment to move backwards, and the extrusion simulation experiment is performed; The extrusion simulation experiment simulated stratum includes the extension simulation experiment simulated stratum and a syn-sedimentary wet quartz sand layer (45) and a syn-sedimentary wet clay layer (46) covering the syn-sedimentary wet quartz sand layer (45).

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that The protective layer (47) is a quartz sand protective layer (47). After laying the protective layer (47), the experimental box (1) is poured with a spray pot, and the spray pot is evenly sprayed at a distance of 15±3 cm from the top of the experimental material until all the experimental materials are soaked.

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