Large-capacity battery heat dissipation and heating system for ship

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of marine high-capacity battery management, and particularly provides a marine high-capacity battery heat dissipation and heating system which comprises a shell-and-tube heat exchanger connected with an inverter compressor through a pipeline, and the inverter compressor is connected with an evaporator; a cooling water coil pipe is arranged in the evaporator; a circulating water coil pipe is arranged in the high-capacity battery pack; an inlet of the cooling water coil pipe is connected with a liquid inlet through a liquid inlet pipeline, an outlet of the cooling water coil pipe is connected with a liquid outlet through a liquid outlet pipeline, the liquid outlet is connected to an inlet of a circulating water coil pipe of the high-capacity battery pack through a cooling pipeline, and a circulating water pump is arranged on the liquid inlet pipeline; an outlet of the high-capacity battery pack circulating water coil pipe is connected with the liquid inlet through a cooling pipeline, heat generated when the high-capacity battery pack works is replaced, and the replaced heat is cooled by the evaporator through a cooling water coil pipe arranged in the evaporator. Accurate temperature regulation and control of the marine high-capacity single battery are completed, the heat dissipation efficiency is improved, and the energy consumption of the whole heat dissipation system is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ship large-capacity battery management, and in particular to a ship large-capacity battery heat dissipation and heating system. Background Art

[0002] With the popularization of land-based electric vehicles and the development of power battery technology, the electrification of ships has been gradually demonstrated and promoted, and the application specifications of ship power batteries have been gradually implemented. Large-capacity battery systems for ships have gradually matured. Existing electric cruise ships generally use battery compartment air conditioning to control the temperature of the batteries because of their small charge and discharge rates (<0.3C).

[0003] With the demand for electrification of tugboats with heavy loads, significant heat will be generated during the discharge process at a large discharge rate (>0.6C), and the temperature of the marine battery cells directly affected by the heat is a key factor affecting battery safety and life. Excessive temperature rise of the cells will cause system protection failures, continuous temperature rise, and even thermal runaway of the cells, resulting in safety accidents. At the same time, if the battery cells work at high temperatures for a long time, the life of the battery cells will be significantly reduced. In addition, the battery is not allowed to be charged when the cell temperature is (<-5℃). This low temperature is more common in northern waters. In order to ensure that the large-capacity marine battery operates at the optimal operating temperature and that the large-capacity marine battery can quickly meet the charging conditions under low temperature conditions, the battery cell temperature must be controlled within the allowable range required by the battery manufacturer.

[0004] In view of this, it is very necessary to provide a high-power combined marine large-capacity battery heat dissipation and heating system. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to ensure that a large-capacity marine battery operates at an optimal operating temperature, the present invention provides a large-capacity marine battery heat dissipation and heating system.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention provides a marine large-capacity battery heat dissipation and heating system, including a water cooling mechanism and a large-capacity battery pack, wherein the water cooling mechanism includes a shell and tube heat exchanger and a water storage tank, and the shell and tube heat exchanger uses seawater as a cold source; the shell and tube heat exchanger is connected to a variable frequency compressor through a pipeline, and the heat generated by the variable frequency compressor is taken away by seawater through heat exchange through the shell and tube heat exchanger, and the variable frequency compressor is connected to an evaporator; the evaporator is built with a cooling water coil; A circulating water coil is provided inside the large-capacity battery pack; The inlet of the cooling water coil is connected to the liquid inlet through the liquid inlet pipeline, the outlet of the cooling water coil is connected to the liquid outlet through the liquid outlet pipeline, the liquid outlet is connected to the inlet of the large-capacity battery pack circulating water coil through the cooling pipeline, and a circulating water pump is arranged on the liquid inlet pipeline; the outlet of the large-capacity battery pack circulating water coil is connected to the liquid inlet through the cooling pipeline, and the heat of the large-capacity battery pack during operation is displaced, and the displaced heat is cooled by the evaporator through the cooling water coil built into the evaporator; The water storage tank is connected to the liquid inlet pipeline, and heaters are arranged in the liquid inlet pipeline, the liquid outlet pipeline and the circulating water coil of the large-capacity battery pack to heat the circulating water in the liquid inlet pipeline, the liquid outlet pipeline and the large-capacity battery pack.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the technical solution of the present invention, the variable frequency compressor is connected to the evaporator through a copper tube with a thermal insulation layer.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the technical solution of the present invention, the liquid inlet pipeline is connected to the cooling water coil built into the evaporator through two parallel drive branches; A circulating water pump and a check valve are arranged on each driving branch.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the technical solution of the present invention, a water level sensor is provided in the water storage tank.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the technical solution of the present invention, a ball valve, a solenoid valve and a check valve are provided on the pipeline connecting the water storage tank and the liquid inlet pipeline; A temperature sensor and a pressure sensor are provided on the liquid inlet pipeline; The liquid outlet pipeline is provided with a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the technical solution of the present invention, the variable frequency compressor is arranged on the pipeline connecting the shell and tube heat exchanger and the evaporator outlet, and a temperature sensor is arranged at the evaporator outlet; A drying filter and an electronic expansion valve are arranged on the pipeline connecting the shell and tube heat exchanger and the evaporator inlet, and a temperature sensor is arranged at the evaporator inlet.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the technical solution of the present invention, the large-capacity battery packs in the system are arranged in rows, and each row is provided with a plurality of battery packs; The liquid outlet is connected to the circulating water coil of each large-capacity battery pack in each row through a branch of the cooling pipeline; Each branch is provided with a branch switch valve.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the technical solution of the present invention, the water storage tank is also provided with a water replenishment port, which is connected to an external water source through a water replenishment pipeline; A water supply pump is arranged on the water supply pipeline.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the technical solution of the present invention, a temperature sensor is provided in the battery pack; the system also includes a controller; The pressure sensor, the temperature sensor and the water level sensor are respectively connected to the controller; The variable frequency compressor, heater, circulating water pump, water supply pump, solenoid valve and branch switch valve are respectively connected with the controller.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the technical solution of the present invention, the system further comprises an integrated cabinet, and the cooling mechanism is arranged in the integrated cabinet; The liquid inlet and outlet are arranged on the integrated cabinet; The integrated cabinet is also provided with a seawater inlet and a seawater outlet connected to the heat exchanger.

[0016] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that the present invention has the following advantages: (1) The present invention aims at the problem of heat dissipation and heating system of large-capacity marine batteries. Through the combined work of each variable frequency compressor unit, refrigerant, evaporator, and circulating water pump, the precise temperature control of large-capacity marine battery monomers is completed, which not only improves the heat dissipation efficiency, but also reduces the energy consumption of the overall heat dissipation system; especially when the ship load changes dynamically and the battery discharge rate changes dynamically, the energy-saving advantage of this heat dissipation system is more obvious. (2) The compressor unit of the present invention is directly cooled by seawater / river water, which has higher cooling efficiency. Moreover, for ships sailing in river water / seawater, the capacity of river water / seawater is infinite, and the cooling effect of the compressor is more efficient than the air cooling of land-based electric vehicles. (3) The present invention adopts closed-loop control. The control and management system of large-capacity marine batteries sets a target control temperature based on the battery cell temperature. The low-energy high-power combined large-capacity marine battery heat dissipation system starts cooling or heating based on the given target temperature, and feeds back the current temperature to the control and management system of large-capacity marine batteries until the target temperature is reached.

[0017] In addition, the invention has a reliable design principle, a simple structure and a very broad application prospect.

[0018] It can be seen that compared with the prior art, the present invention has outstanding substantive features and significant progress, and the beneficial effects of its implementation are also obvious. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 Shown is a schematic diagram of the internal arrangement of the system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 Shown is a schematic diagram of system connection of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic connection block diagram of a system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] In the figure, 1. base frame, 2. integrated cabinet, 3. variable frequency compressor, 4. shell and tube heat exchanger, 5. drying filter, 6. seawater inlet, 7. evaporator, 8. heater, 9. circulating water pump, 10. seawater outlet, 11. water supply pump, 12. water storage tank, 13. liquid outlet, 14. liquid inlet, 15. expansion tank, 16. water level sensor, 17. check valve, 18. ball valve, 19. solenoid valve, 20. pressure sensor, 21. electronic expansion valve, 22. needle valve, 23. supply / drain port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a marine large-capacity battery heat dissipation and heating system, including a base frame 1, an integrated cabinet 2 is arranged on the base frame 1, a shell and tube heat exchanger 4 is arranged at the bottom of the integrated cabinet 2, the integrated cabinet 2 is provided with a seawater inlet 6 and a seawater outlet 10, the seawater inlet 6 and the seawater outlet 10 are connected to the shell and tube heat exchanger 4 through a pipeline, the shell and tube heat exchanger 4 is connected to the variable frequency compressor 3 through a pipeline, and the heat generated by the variable frequency compressor 3 is taken away by seawater through heat exchange through the shell and tube heat exchanger 4.

[0026] The variable frequency compressor 3 is connected to the evaporator through a copper tube with a heat-insulating layer. The compressor changes the refrigerant from gas to liquid for use by the evaporator. The water storage tank 12 is connected to the liquid inlet pipeline and the liquid outlet pipeline. The liquid inlet 14 and the liquid outlet 13 are arranged on the integrated cabinet. The water storage tank 12 is provided with a water level sensor, and can also be an accessory such as a liquid level meter and a liquid level switch.

[0027] The liquid inlet pipeline and the liquid outlet pipeline are connected to the large-capacity battery through the cooling pipeline. The circulating water pump 9 connected to the liquid inlet pipeline and the liquid outlet pipeline is used as a driving force to drive the water storage tank 12, the liquid inlet pipeline, the liquid outlet pipeline, and the circulating water inside the large-capacity battery pack to displace the heat of the large-capacity battery pack during operation. The displaced heat is cooled by the evaporator through the cooling water coil built into the evaporator connected to the liquid inlet pipeline and the liquid outlet.

[0028] A heater 8 is arranged between the water tank 12 and the liquid inlet and outlet pipelines through a pipeline, which is used to heat the circulating water in the water tank 12, the liquid inlet and outlet pipelines, and the large-capacity battery pack to meet the charging and use requirements of the large-capacity battery under low temperature conditions.

[0029] The low-energy, high-power combined marine large-capacity battery cooling and heating system accepts the target temperature instruction requirements of the large-capacity battery management system, adopts closed-loop control, and is guided by the target temperature. It controls the compressor, evaporator, and circulating water pump through an industrial computer, and feeds back the actual status to the large-capacity battery management system to meet the use requirements of marine large-capacity batteries for cooling and heating systems, ensuring that the large-capacity batteries work at the optimal working temperature.

[0030] In some embodiments, the water cooling mechanism includes seawater as a cold source water heat exchanger, the shell and tube heat exchanger 4 is connected to the variable frequency compressor 3 through a water pipe, the variable frequency compressor 3 is connected to the evaporator 7 through a copper pipe, part of the coil of the battery circulating water pipeline is built into the evaporator, the battery circulating water pipeline is connected to the circulating water pump 9, the outlet of the circulating water pump is connected to the water-cooled battery pack in the battery compartment through a water pipe, and the circulating water outlet of the water-cooled battery pack is connected to the water inlet of the circulating water pump through a water pipe. At the same time, a water storage tank 12 and an expansion tank 15 are arranged on the top of the circulating water pump, the water storage tank is connected to the circulating water pump, a heater is arranged in the pipeline between the battery circulating water pump and the water inlet, and a temperature sensor (not shown in the attached figure), a pressure sensor 20, and a water level sensor 16 are arranged in the pipeline according to the detection requirements. It is applied to large-capacity marine batteries, and the temperature is precisely controlled (cooling + heating) to make the battery work at the optimal working temperature. The variable frequency compressor unit is directly cooled by seawater / river water. The water storage tank 12, circulating water pump 9, variable frequency compressor 3, evaporator 7, shell and tube heat exchanger 4, heater 8, valves, sensors / switches are all integrated in a cabinet.

[0031] The battery water-cooled circulating cooling water pipe coil is in contact with the evaporator. The battery circulating water is cooled by a variable frequency compressor, evaporator and refrigerant, which has high efficiency, low energy consumption and precise temperature control.

[0032] A temperature sensor is provided in the battery pack; the system also includes a controller; The pressure sensor, the temperature sensor and the water level sensor are respectively connected to the controller; The variable frequency compressor, heater, circulating water pump, water supply pump 11, solenoid valve 19 and branch switch valve are respectively connected to the controller. It should be noted that the water supply pump 11 is arranged between the ball valve 18 and the solenoid valve 19 on the pipeline connected to the water storage tank.

[0033] The system also includes an integrated cabinet, in which the cooling mechanism is arranged; The liquid inlet and the liquid outlet are arranged on the integrated cabinet; the integrated cabinet is also provided with a seawater inlet and a seawater outlet connected with the heat exchanger.

[0034] In some embodiments, the liquid inlet pipeline is connected to the cooling water coil built into the evaporator through two parallel drive branches; A circulating water pump 9 and a check valve 17 are arranged on each driving branch.

[0035] It should be noted that the liquid inlet pipeline is also connected to a replenishment / drainage port 23 through a bypass, and a ball valve is also provided on the bypass. The ball valve here is in a normally closed state. A needle valve 22 is also provided on the pipeline connecting the shell and tube heat exchanger and the evaporator, and a drying filter 5 and an electronic expansion valve 21 are provided on the pipeline connecting the shell and tube heat exchanger 4 and the inlet of the evaporator 7.

[0036] In some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, in the system, large-capacity battery packs are arranged in rows, with multiple batteries in each row; the liquid outlet is connected to the circulating water coil of each large-capacity battery pack in each row through a branch of the cooling pipeline; and each branch is provided with a branch switch valve.

[0037] In some embodiments, the shell and tube heat exchanger is connected to the evaporator through two sets of identical branch structures, each set of branch structures includes a needle valve, a drying filter, an electronic expansion valve and a variable frequency compressor, and a temperature sensor is provided at the position where each set of branch structures is connected to the evaporator.

[0038] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited thereto. Without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, a person of ordinary skill in the art may make various equivalent modifications or substitutions to the embodiments of the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions shall be within the scope of the present invention. Any person of ordinary skill in the art may easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, and these shall be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A marine large-capacity battery heat dissipation and heating system, characterized in that: It includes a water cooling mechanism and a large-capacity battery pack. The water cooling mechanism includes a shell and tube heat exchanger and a water storage tank. The seawater in the shell and tube heat exchanger is used as a cold source. The shell and tube heat exchanger is connected to the variable frequency compressor through a pipeline. The heat generated by the variable frequency compressor is taken away by the seawater through heat exchange through the shell and tube heat exchanger. The variable frequency compressor is connected to the evaporator. The evaporator is equipped with a cooling water coil. A circulating water coil is provided inside the large-capacity battery pack; The inlet of the cooling water coil is connected to the liquid inlet through the liquid inlet pipeline, the outlet of the cooling water coil is connected to the liquid outlet through the liquid outlet pipeline, the liquid outlet is connected to the inlet of the large-capacity battery pack circulating water coil through the cooling pipeline, and a circulating water pump is arranged on the liquid inlet pipeline; the outlet of the large-capacity battery pack circulating water coil is connected to the liquid inlet through the cooling pipeline, and the heat of the large-capacity battery pack during operation is displaced, and the displaced heat is cooled by the evaporator through the cooling water coil built into the evaporator; The water storage tank is connected to the liquid inlet pipeline, and heaters are arranged in the liquid inlet pipeline, the liquid outlet pipeline and the circulating water coil of the large-capacity battery pack to heat the circulating water in the liquid inlet pipeline, the liquid outlet pipeline and the large-capacity battery pack.

2. The marine large-capacity battery heat dissipation and heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The variable frequency compressor is connected to the evaporator through a copper tube with an insulation layer.

3. The marine large-capacity battery heat dissipation and heating system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The liquid inlet pipeline is connected to the cooling water coil built into the evaporator through two parallel drive branches; A circulating water pump and a check valve are arranged on each driving branch.

4. The marine large-capacity battery heat dissipation and heating system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A water level sensor is arranged in the water storage tank.

5. The marine large-capacity battery heat dissipation and heating system according to claim 4, characterized in that: A ball valve, a solenoid valve and a check valve are provided on the pipeline connecting the water storage tank and the liquid inlet pipeline; A temperature sensor and a pressure sensor are provided on the liquid inlet pipeline; The liquid outlet pipeline is provided with a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor.

6. The marine large-capacity battery heat dissipation and heating system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The variable frequency compressor is arranged on the pipeline connecting the shell and tube heat exchanger and the evaporator outlet, and a temperature sensor is arranged at the evaporator outlet; A drying filter and an electronic expansion valve are arranged on the pipeline connecting the shell and tube heat exchanger and the evaporator inlet, and a temperature sensor is arranged at the evaporator inlet.

7. The marine large-capacity battery heat dissipation and heating system according to claim 6, characterized in that: In this system, large-capacity battery packs are arranged in rows, with multiple batteries arranged in each row; The liquid outlet is connected to the circulating water coil of each large-capacity battery pack in each row through a branch of the cooling pipeline; Each branch is provided with a branch switch valve.

8. The marine large-capacity battery heat dissipation and heating system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The water storage tank is also provided with a water supply port, which is connected to an external water source through a water supply pipeline; A water supply pump is arranged on the water supply pipeline.

9. The marine large-capacity battery heat dissipation and heating system according to claim 8, characterized in that: A temperature sensor is provided in the battery pack; the system also includes a controller; The pressure sensor, the temperature sensor and the water level sensor are respectively connected to the controller; The variable frequency compressor, heater, circulating water pump, water supply pump, solenoid valve and branch switch valve are respectively connected with the controller.

10. The marine large-capacity battery heat dissipation and heating system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The system also includes an integrated cabinet, in which the cooling mechanism is arranged; The liquid inlet and outlet are arranged on the integrated cabinet; The integrated cabinet is also provided with a seawater inlet and a seawater outlet connected to the heat exchanger.

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