V2X antenna and terminal

Abstract

The invention discloses a V2X antenna and a terminal. The V2X antenna comprises an antenna substrate, a radiation part, a feed point, a grounding part and a connector. The antenna substrate is provided with a first surface and a second surface which are opposite, and the antenna substrate is provided with a first direction and a second direction which are relatively parallel; the radiation part is arranged on the first surface of the antenna substrate, and the radiation part is an arc-shaped microstrip line; the feed point is arranged on the first surface of the antenna substrate and is connected with one end of the arc-shaped microstrip line; the grounding part is a first metal layer arranged on the second face of the antenna substrate, the first metal layer is provided with a clearance area, and the clearance area comprises a first empty area and a second empty area which are sequentially arranged in the first direction of the antenna substrate and are communicated with each other. The V2X antenna adopts a PCB printed antenna form, the antenna structure is simple to manufacture, easy to process, low in cost, small in size, light in weight, convenient to install and fix and easy to implement, the signal receiving range is expanded, the radiation efficiency and directivity of the antenna are improved, and the signal stability is enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a V2X antenna and a terminal. Background Art

[0002] V2X, or Vehicle-to-Everything, is one of the supporting technologies for smart cars and smart transportation. V2X technology has the following characteristics: ① Improve traffic safety: V2X technology can collect road information in real time and provide real-time traffic information, including road conditions, congestion, construction, etc., by communicating with other vehicles and infrastructure, so that drivers can make decisions in advance to avoid accidents; ② Improve traffic flow: V2X technology can realize real-time scheduling and route planning of vehicles, reduce congestion and traffic jams through sharing of real-time traffic information, and improve overall traffic efficiency; ③ Support intelligent navigation: V2X technology can provide information on vehicle navigation and route planning, help drivers choose the best route, and provide real-time traffic changes and road conditions information; ④ Promote vehicle autonomous driving technology: V2X technology can communicate with other vehicles and infrastructure, so that vehicles can perceive road conditions more accurately and make corresponding decisions, which can not only improve the safety and reliability of vehicle autonomous driving, but also reduce traffic congestion and collision accidents; ⑤ Improve energy efficiency: V2X technology can achieve energy conservation and emission reduction by optimizing the vehicle's driving route and speed. Through real-time collected traffic information, vehicles can choose the best route to achieve economical driving.

[0003] However, there are still some shortcomings in the actual application of V2X antennas. For example, after the existing V2X antenna is installed in the car, it is reflected by metal such as the body sheet metal, and the actual horizontal omnidirectional performance of the antenna is poor, resulting in the best signal direction not being radiated to the outside of the car, and part of the signal has been absorbed by the body. Therefore, in order to make the maximum radiation direction of the antenna toward the outside of the car and minimize the radiation signal toward the inside of the car, the antenna needs to be installed in the area above the car body to reduce the impact of the body sheet metal on the antenna; at the same time, the vehicle has extremely stringent requirements on the antenna height. When the antenna is located above the car body, the traditional installation method perpendicular to the ground is no longer practical, and only the near-horizontal installation method can be considered, which brings great challenges to the antenna design. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a V2X antenna and terminal, which are used to expand the signal reception range, improve the radiation efficiency and directivity of the antenna, and enhance the stability of the signal.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a V2X antenna, comprising: an antenna substrate, a radiating portion, a feeding point, a grounding portion and a connector.

[0007] The antenna substrate has a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other, and the antenna substrate has a first direction and a second direction relatively parallel to each other;

[0008] The radiation portion is arranged on the first surface of the antenna substrate, and the radiation portion is an arc-shaped microstrip line;

[0009] The feed point is arranged on the first surface of the antenna substrate and connected to one end of the arc-shaped microstrip line;

[0010] The grounding portion is a first metal layer disposed on the second surface of the antenna substrate, the first metal layer has a clearance area, the clearance area includes a first clearance area and a second clearance area arranged in sequence along a first direction of the antenna substrate and connected to each other, and the first clearance area and the second clearance area respectively have edge lines;

[0011] The connectors are respectively connected to the feed points and the grounding part;

[0012] Among them, the arc-shaped microstrip line is arranged opposite to the first empty area, the arc-shaped microstrip line is coupled and fed with the second empty area, and the electromagnetic waves radiated by the V2X antenna are guided through the edge line of the second empty area.

[0013] Preferably, the arc-shaped microstrip line is a semicircular arc structure, the edge line of the first empty area is a circle, and the arc-shaped microstrip line coincides with the center of the first empty area; and / or,

[0014] The inner circle radius of the arc-shaped microstrip line is greater than the radius of the first empty area.

[0015] Preferably, the edge line of the second empty zone is a symmetrical gradient structure in the shape of an inverted figure eight, the second empty zone has a small end opening and a large end opening, and the circular edge line of the first empty zone is provided with a notch for corresponding to the small end opening of the edge line of the second empty zone in the shape of an inverted figure eight, so as to connect the first empty zone with the second empty zone.

[0016] Preferably, a plurality of first directors and second directors are arranged in the second empty area, and the first directors and the second directors are led out from the large end opening of the second empty area along the first direction of the antenna substrate; and / or,

[0017] The first director and the second director are both rectangular structures, and the length of the second director is greater than that of the first director; and / or,

[0018] The total number of the first directors and the second directors is no more than six.

[0019] Preferably, the clearance area further includes a third clearance area, and the third clearance area includes a plurality of groups of rectangular grooves arranged on the first metal layer; and / or,

[0020] The length of the rectangular groove is one third of the wavelength of the antenna substrate medium. The rectangular groove comprises two rectangular grooves, and the two rectangular grooves are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the second empty area.

[0021] Preferably, the arc-shaped microstrip line comprises a fan-shaped portion, a rectangular branch and a first patch pad, the fan-shaped portion is located at one end of the arc-shaped microstrip line, the rectangular branch is located on the arc-shaped microstrip line near the other end, and the first patch pad is arranged on the arc-shaped microstrip line between the fan-shaped portion and the rectangular branch; and / or,

[0022] A first metallized through hole penetrating the antenna substrate is disposed on one side of the first patch pad, and the first metallized through hole is disposed with a second patch pad located on the first surface of the antenna substrate.

[0023] Preferably, the feed point comprises a second metallized through hole arranged on the antenna substrate, the second metallized through hole is connected to the arc-shaped microstrip line, and a feed through hole pad is arranged in the second metallized through hole; and / or,

[0024] The clearance area further includes a fourth clearance area, which is a circular ring opened on the first metal layer and is used to separate the first metal layer from the feed through-hole pad; and / or,

[0025] The V2X antenna also includes a third metallized through hole arranged on the antenna substrate, the third metallized through hole is connected to the first metal layer, and a ground through hole pad is arranged in the third metallized through hole.

[0026] Preferably, the connector has a center pin and a ground pin, the center pin is connected to the feeding through-hole pad, and the ground pin is connected to the ground through-hole pad.

[0027] Preferably, the V2X antenna further includes a second metal layer located on the first surface of the antenna substrate, and the first metal layer is connected to the second metal layer; and / or,

[0028] The second metal layers include two, the two second metal layers are respectively connected to the first metal layers on both sides of the second empty area, and the third empty area is adjacent to the connection area between the first metal layer and the second metal layer.

[0029] The present invention also provides a terminal, including a V2X antenna.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention include at least:

[0031] The V2X antenna of the present invention adopts a PCB printed antenna form, and the antenna structure is simple to manufacture, easy to process, low in cost, small in size, light in weight, convenient to install and fix, and easy to implement; further, the connector of the V2X antenna is connected to the wiring harness of the automobile body. In actual application, the antenna is installed in the black area above the front windshield and the rear windshield, installed close to the windshield, nearly horizontally, with a low antenna profile, the radiated signal penetrates the windshield, and there is no metal obstruction. The radiation direction is at an angle of ±10° with the horizontal line, facing the front and rear of the vehicle respectively, and the antenna beam can reach a width of 119°, with a small signal radiation blind area, which expands the signal reception range, improves the reliability of vehicle-mounted communications, improves the radiation efficiency and directivity of the antenna, and enhances the stability of the signal, and is suitable for various vehicle-mounted application scenarios. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 1 is a schematic diagram of a planar structure of an antenna substrate of a V2X antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention from one viewing angle;

[0033] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a planar structure of an antenna substrate of a V2X antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention from another perspective;

[0034] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a V2X antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a V2X antenna from one perspective provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a V2X antenna from another perspective provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a graph showing changes in the voltage standing wave ratio of a V2X antenna in a working frequency band of 5.5 GHz to 6.5 GHz provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 It is a beam width diagram when the V2X antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention does not have a third empty zone;

[0039] Figure 8 It is a beam width diagram of a V2X antenna opening a third empty zone provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Fig. 9 is a gain diagram of a V2X antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Fig.10 It is the radiation pattern of the V2X antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] In the figure: 1. antenna substrate; 101. first empty area; 1011. notch; 102. second empty area; 1021. small end opening; 1022. large end opening; 103. third empty area; 104. fourth empty area; 105. first metallized through hole; 106. second metallized through hole; 107. third metallized through hole; 108. fourth metallized through hole; 2. arc microstrip line; 201. fan-shaped part; 202. rectangular branch; 203. first patch pad; 3. first metal layer; 4. connector; 401. center pin; 402. ground pin; 5. first director; 6. second director; 7. second patch pad; 8. feed through hole pad; 9. ground through hole pad; 10. second metal layer; 11. windshield. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, example embodiments can be implemented in a variety of forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided to make the present invention more comprehensive and complete and to fully convey the concepts of example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals in the figures represent the same or similar structures, and thus their repeated description will be omitted.

[0044] The words expressing positions and directions described in the present invention are all explained with reference to the accompanying drawings as examples, but they can be changed as needed, and all such changes are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0045] Reference Figures 1 to 4 The present invention provides a V2X antenna, including: an antenna substrate 1, a radiation portion, a feeding point, a grounding portion and a connector 4.

[0046] Specifically, the antenna substrate 1 of the present invention has a first surface and a second surface relative to each other, and the antenna substrate 1 has a first direction and a second direction that are relatively parallel. The antenna substrate 1 can be made of FR-4 material, which is a commonly used glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin material with moderate dielectric constant and loss characteristics. The spacing from the first surface to the second surface of the antenna substrate 1 is the thickness of the antenna substrate 1, and the thickness of the antenna substrate 1 is 1-1.5mm. In a specific implementation, it can be preferably 1.2mm; the side length of the antenna substrate 1 parallel to the first direction is the length of the antenna substrate 1, and the length of the antenna substrate 1 is 40-50mm. The side length of the antenna substrate 1 parallel to the second direction is the width of the antenna substrate 1, and the width of the antenna substrate 1 is 20-30mm. In a specific implementation, the length x width of the antenna substrate 1 is preferably 45mmx25mm.

[0047] The radiating part is arranged on the first surface of the antenna substrate 1, and the radiating part is an arcuate microstrip line 2; wherein the arcuate microstrip line 2 can be arranged on the first surface of the antenna substrate 1 by printing. Due to its curved structure, more complex connections can be realized in a limited space, effectively reducing the layout area.

[0048] In some embodiments, reference Figure 1 The arc-shaped microstrip line 2 includes a fan-shaped portion 201, a rectangular branch 202 and a first patch pad 203. The fan-shaped portion 201 is located at one end of the arc-shaped microstrip line 2. Since the size of the fan-shaped portion 201 can change the effective impedance of the arc-shaped microstrip line 2, affecting the matching with other circuit elements, in specific applications, by adjusting the size of the fan-shaped portion 201, the input and output impedances of the microstrip line can be optimized to better match the load or feeder. The rectangular branch 202 is located on the arc-shaped microstrip line 2 near the other end. In specific applications, the impedance matching can be further refined by adjusting the length of the rectangular branch 202. Especially in broadband applications, by adjusting the length of the rectangular branch 202, the coupling efficiency of the signal can be improved and the signal reflection can be reduced. The first patch pad 203 is arranged on the arc microstrip line 2 between the fan-shaped part 201 and the rectangular branch 202; a first metallized through hole 105 penetrating the antenna substrate 1 is arranged on one side of the first patch pad 203, and the first metallized through hole 105 is provided with a second patch pad 7 located on the first surface of the antenna substrate 1.

[0049] The feeding point is arranged on the first surface of the antenna substrate 1 and connected to one end of the arc-shaped microstrip line 2; in some embodiments, the feeding point includes a second metallized through hole 106 arranged on the antenna substrate 1, and the second metallized through hole 106 is connected to one end of the arc-shaped microstrip line 2. A feeding through hole pad 8 is arranged in the second metallized through hole 106, so that the feeding through hole pad 8 is connected to the arc-shaped microstrip line 2, ensuring that the high-frequency signal is effectively transmitted to the radiation part and reducing the feeding loss.

[0050] The grounding portion is a first metal layer 3 arranged on the second surface of the antenna substrate 1. The first metal layer 3 is arranged on the second surface of the antenna substrate 1 by printing. The first metal layer 3 is a continuous metal layer, and the first metal layer 3 has a clearance area. The clearance area includes a first clearance area 101 and a second clearance area 102 which are arranged in sequence along the first direction of the antenna substrate 1 and are interconnected. The first clearance area 101 and the second clearance area 102 respectively have edge lines.

[0051] The connector 4 connects the feeding point and the ground portion respectively.

[0052] In some embodiments, reference Figure 4 and Figure 5, connector 4 has a center pin 401 and a ground pin 402, center pin 401 is connected to feed through hole pad 8, and ground pin 402 is connected to ground through hole pad 9. In specific applications, connector 4 can use FAKRA board-end connector, which is a connector for terminal electronic devices, mainly used for high-frequency signal transmission, and widely used in terminal industries, especially in vehicle-mounted communications, navigation and audio systems. FAKRA board-end connector has a center pin 401 for connecting to feed through hole pad 8 to achieve conduction with microstrip transmission line 3.

[0053] Among them, the arc microstrip line 2 is arranged opposite to the first empty area 101, the arc microstrip line 2 is coupled and fed with the second empty area 102, and the electromagnetic waves radiated by the V2X antenna are guided through the edge line of the second empty area 102.

[0054] Therefore, the V2X antenna of the present invention adopts the form of a PCB printed antenna, and the antenna structure is simple to manufacture, easy to process, low in cost, small in size, light in weight, convenient to install and fix, and easy to implement.

[0055] In some embodiments, reference Figure 1 The arc-shaped microstrip line 2 can be a semicircular arc structure. Compared with the traditional straight line transmission line, the semicircular arc microstrip transmission line can achieve the same function in a shorter length, and the signal loss (such as reflection, radiation and material loss) during the propagation process will be reduced, thereby improving the performance of the overall system. The edge line of the first empty area 101 is a circle, and the arc-shaped microstrip line 2 coincides with the center of the first empty area 101. Further, the inner radius of the arc-shaped microstrip line 2 is greater than the radius of the first empty area 101. The use of the semicircular arc microstrip transmission line 11 makes the microstrip transmission line shorter and reduces signal attenuation.

[0056] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 , the edge line of the second empty area 102 is a symmetrical gradient structure in the shape of an inverted figure eight, that is, the second empty area 102 is in the shape of a symmetrical gradient slot in the shape of an inverted figure eight. The second empty area 102 has a small end opening 1021 and a large end opening 1022. The circular edge line of the first empty area 101 is provided with a notch 1011, which is used to correspond to the small end opening 1021 of the edge line of the second empty area 102 in the shape of an inverted figure eight, so that the first empty area 101 is connected with the second empty area 102, that is, the first empty area 101 and the second empty area 102 are continuously arranged as a whole. The second empty area 102 with a symmetrical gradient slot in the shape of an inverted figure eight is coupled and fed by the arc microstrip line 2, and its electric field distribution characteristics are utilized to enable the signal to be effectively transferred from the transmission line to the slot of the second empty area 102, which can improve the energy transmission efficiency and reduce the reflection loss.

[0057] Therefore, the V2X antenna couples the second empty area 102 of the tapered slot through the arc microstrip line 2, and the coupling efficiency is high, and the second empty area 102 of the tapered slot plays a guiding role in the electromagnetic waves radiated by the V2X antenna.

[0058] In this embodiment, a plurality of first directors 5 and second directors 6 are arranged in the second empty area 102, and the first directors 5 and the second directors 6 are led out from the large end opening 1022 of the second empty area 102 along the first direction of the antenna substrate 1; in a specific application, the first directors 5 and the second directors 6 are both rectangular structures, and the length of the second director 6 is greater than the length of the first director 5; in actual use, the total number of the first directors 5 and the second directors 6 is not more than six, and in this embodiment, the first directors 5 are preferably five, and the second director 6 is preferably one. The first directors 5 and the second directors 6 are arranged in sequence from the large end opening 1022 of the second empty area 102 of the symmetrical gradient slot in the shape of an inverted eight along the first direction of the antenna substrate 1, which can make the radiation directivity of the antenna stronger, and the more directors there are, the sharper the direction and the higher the gain, but the total number of the first directors 5 and the second directors 6 is generally not more than six.

[0059] In some embodiments, the clearance area also includes a third clearance area 103, and the third clearance area 103 includes several groups of rectangular grooves arranged on the first metal layer 3; as a preferred method, the length of the rectangular groove is one-third of the wavelength of the medium of the antenna substrate 1, so that the radiating part matches the operating frequency in size, optimizes the radiation characteristics, and enables the antenna to radiate signals more effectively and generate a wider beam. The rectangular grooves include two, and the two rectangular grooves are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the second clearance area 102. The symmetrical rectangular structure reduces the side lobes of the main beam, and the radiation pattern is smoother, reducing the directivity, which helps to achieve a more uniform energy distribution during radiation, thereby increasing the beam width of the antenna and making the antenna have a wider range of receiving signals.

[0060] In some embodiments, the clearance area also includes a fourth clearance area 104, which is a circular ring opened on the first metal layer 3, and is used to separate the first metal layer 3 from the feeding through-hole pad 8, thereby preventing the feeding through-hole pad 8 from being conductively connected to the first metal layer 3, thereby causing a short circuit between the center pin 401 of the connector 4 and the first metal layer 3.

[0061] In this embodiment, the V2X antenna also includes a third metallized through hole 107 arranged on the antenna substrate 1, and the third metallized through hole 107 is connected to the first metal layer 3. A grounding through hole pad 9 is arranged in the third metallized through hole 107, so that the grounding through hole pad 9 and the second metal layer 3 are connected. When the ground pin 402 of the connector 4 is connected to the grounding through hole pad 9, the connector 4 is connected to the second metal layer 2, thereby providing a stable ground reference for the connector 4, which helps to reduce electromagnetic interference (EMI) and improve the overall performance of the antenna.

[0062] In some embodiments, the V2X antenna also includes a second metal layer 10 located on the first surface of the antenna substrate 1, and the first metal layer 3 is connected to the second metal layer 10, so that the first metal layer 3 and the second metal layer 10 are respectively located on two surfaces of the antenna substrate 1, which can increase the radiation area of ​​the antenna, changing from single-sided radiation to double-sided radiation, thereby improving the directivity of the antenna.

[0063] In this embodiment, the second metal layer 10 includes two, the two second metal layers 10 are respectively connected to the first metal layer 3 on both sides of the second empty area 102, and the third empty area 103 is adjacent to the connection area between the first metal layer 3 and the second metal layer 10. In practical applications, the shape of the second metal layer 10 is the same or approximately the same as the first metal layer 3 located on both sides of the large end opening 1022 of the second empty area 102, and the shape of the second metal layer 10 is fan-shaped or approximately fan-shaped. In addition, the antenna substrate 1 is provided with a fourth metallized through hole 108 arranged along the edge line of the second metal layer 10, and the second metal layer 10 is conductive with the first metal layer 3 at the edge.

[0064] The present invention also provides a terminal including a V2X antenna, and the terminal including the V2X antenna can be applied to a car. Figure 5 The car has a windshield 11, and the windshield 11 can be the front windshield of the car or the rear windshield of the car. The V2X antenna can be preferably installed in the black area above the middle of the windshield 11. It is defined that a horizontal line X and a vertical line Y are respectively drawn from the position where the V2X antenna is installed on the windshield 11, and the angle between the V2X antenna and the horizontal line X is 20°.

[0065] Reference Figure 6 The HFSS simulation test results of the present invention show that the voltage standing wave ratio VSWR of the V2X antenna in the frequency band of 5.855 GHz-5.925 GHz is less than 1.5. VSWR < 1.5 indicates that the antenna and the transmission line are well matched and the energy transmission efficiency is high.

[0066] Reference Figure 7 , the beam width of the third empty area 103 of the V2X antenna of the present invention without the symmetrical rectangular slot is 97°. Figure 8The V2X antenna of the present invention has a symmetrical rectangular slot with a wavelength of one-third of the antenna substrate 1 medium, and the beam width is 119°. It can be seen that the beam width of the V2X antenna of the present invention is increased by 22° compared with the third empty area 103 without the symmetrical rectangular slot. The wider the beam width, the wider the received signal range.

[0067] Reference Fig. 9 The radiation direction of the V2X antenna of the present invention is at an angle of ±10° to the horizontal line, and the gain is: 3.9dBi (θ=80°), 4.3dBi (θ=90°), 4.6dBi (θ=100°). The V2X antenna has good gain performance.

[0068] Reference Fig.10 The backward radiation gain of the V2X antenna of the present invention is less than -5dBi. The V2X antenna has an end-fire characteristic. The maximum radiation direction is toward the outside of the vehicle. The radiation signal toward the inside of the vehicle is very weak, and the antenna signal is less affected by the environment inside the vehicle.

[0069] To summarize, the V2X antenna uses a connector 4 such as a FAKRA board-end connector to connect to the vehicle body wiring harness. In actual applications, the antenna is installed in the black area above the front windshield and the rear windshield, close to the windshield 11, at an angle of 20° to the horizontal plane, and nearly horizontally installed. The antenna has a low profile, and the radiated signal penetrates the windshield 11 without any metal obstruction. The radiation direction is at an angle of ±10° to the horizontal line, facing the front and rear of the vehicle respectively, and the antenna beam can reach a width of 119°, with a small signal radiation blind spot, which expands the signal reception range, improves the reliability of vehicle-mounted communications, improves the radiation efficiency and directivity of the antenna, and enhances the stability of the signal, making it suitable for various vehicle-mounted application scenarios.

[0070] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, substitute and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the invention without departing from the principles and purpose of the present invention. All such changes should fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A V2X antenna, characterized in that: include: An antenna substrate (1), the antenna substrate (1) having a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other, and the antenna substrate (1) having a first direction and a second direction relatively parallel to each other; A radiating portion, the radiating portion being arranged on the first surface of the antenna substrate (1), the radiating portion being an arc-shaped microstrip line (2); A feeding point, the feeding point being arranged on the first surface of the antenna substrate (1) and connected to one end of the arc-shaped microstrip line (2); A grounding portion, the grounding portion being a first metal layer (3) arranged on the second surface of the antenna substrate (1), the first metal layer (3) having a clearance area, the clearance area comprising a first clearance area (101) and a second clearance area (102) arranged in sequence along a first direction of the antenna substrate (1) and connected to each other, the first clearance area (101) and the second clearance area (102) respectively having an edge line; A connector (4), the connector (4) respectively connecting the feed point and the grounding part; The arc-shaped microstrip line (2) is arranged opposite to the first empty area (101), the arc-shaped microstrip line (2) is coupled and fed with the second empty area (102), and the electromagnetic waves radiated by the V2X antenna are guided through the edge line of the second empty area (102).

2. The V2X antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc-shaped microstrip line (2) is a semicircular arc structure, the edge line of the first empty area (101) is a circle, and the arc-shaped microstrip line (2) coincides with the center of the first empty area (101); and / or, The inner radius of the arc-shaped microstrip line (2) is greater than the radius of the first empty area (101).

3. The V2X antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The edge line of the second empty area (102) is a symmetrical gradient structure in the shape of an inverted figure eight. The second empty area (102) has a small end opening (1021) and a large end opening (1022). The circular edge line of the first empty area (101) is provided with a notch (1011) for corresponding to the small end opening (1021) of the edge line in the shape of an inverted figure eight of the second empty area (102), so that the first empty area (101) is connected with the second empty area (102).

4. The V2X antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of first directors (5) and second directors (6) are arranged in the second empty area (102), and the first directors (5) and the second directors (6) are led out from the large end opening (1022) of the second empty area (102) along the first direction of the antenna substrate (1); and / or, The first director (5) and the second director (6) are both rectangular structures, and the length of the second director (6) is greater than the length of the first director (5); and / or, The total number of the first directors (5) and the second directors (6) is not greater than six.

5. The V2X antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clearance area further includes a third clearance area (103), wherein the third clearance area (103) includes a plurality of groups of rectangular grooves arranged on the first metal layer (3); and / or, The length of the rectangular groove is one third of the wavelength of the medium of the antenna substrate (1), and the rectangular groove comprises two, and the two rectangular grooves are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the second empty area (102).

6. The V2X antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc-shaped microstrip line (2) comprises a fan-shaped portion (201), a rectangular branch (202) and a first patch pad (203), wherein the fan-shaped portion (201) is located at one end of the arc-shaped microstrip line (2), the rectangular branch (202) is located on the arc-shaped microstrip line (2) close to the other end, and the first patch pad (203) is arranged on the arc-shaped microstrip line (2) between the fan-shaped portion (201) and the rectangular branch (202); and / or, A first metallized through hole (105) penetrating the antenna substrate (1) is provided on one side of the first patch pad (203), and the first metallized through hole (105) is provided with a second patch pad (7) located on the first surface of the antenna substrate (1).

7. The V2X antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that: The feed point comprises a second metallized through hole (106) arranged on the antenna substrate (1), the second metallized through hole (106) is connected to the arc-shaped microstrip line (2), and a feed through hole pad (8) is arranged in the second metallized through hole (106); and / or, The clearance area further includes a fourth clearance area (104), wherein the fourth clearance area (104) is a circular ring opened on the first metal layer (3) and is used to separate the first metal layer (3) from the feed through hole pad (8); and / or, The V2X antenna further comprises a third metallized through hole (107) arranged on the antenna substrate (1), the third metallized through hole (107) being connected to the first metal layer (3), and a ground through hole pad (9) being arranged in the third metallized through hole (107).

8. The V2X antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that: The connector (4) has a center pin (401) and a ground pin (402), wherein the center pin (401) is connected to the feeding through-hole pad (8), and the ground pin (402) is connected to the ground through-hole pad (9).

9. The V2X antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: The V2X antenna further comprises a second metal layer (10) located on the first surface of the antenna substrate (1), the first metal layer (3) being connected to the second metal layer (10); and / or, The second metal layer (10) comprises two, the two second metal layers (10) are respectively connected to the first metal layer (3) on both sides of the second empty area (102), and the third empty area (103) is adjacent to the connection area between the first metal layer (3) and the second metal layer (10).

10. A terminal comprising the V2X antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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