Lower end cover, motor casing and motor thereof

Abstract

A lower end cover belongs to a component of a motor and mainly solves the technical problems that the existing motor cannot work underwater for a long time, is poor in waterproof sealing performance, high in maintenance cost, low in operation efficiency and the like. According to the technical scheme, the lower end cover is characterized in that the lower end cover is fixed to a machine shell and comprises a plurality of upper end face parts and an upper end step part, the upper end face parts comprise the upper end face of the lower end cover and are different in height, the upper end step part is formed on the upper end face of the lower end cover, and the upper end step part is arranged on the lower end face of the lower end cover. The upper end step portion is located between adjacent upper end surface portions among the plurality of upper end surface portions, the plurality of upper end surface portions of the lower end cover include a first upper end surface portion to an nth upper end surface portion, and the height of the nth upper end surface portion is higher than that of the (n-1) th upper end surface portion. The height of the (n-1) th upper end surface part is lower than that of the first upper end surface part; the motor is mainly applied to motors.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of underwater operation of oil-cooled motors, in particular to a lower end cover, a motor housing and a motor thereof. Background Art

[0002] At present, the improvement of the sealing structure of the motor in the existing motors is usually to connect an oil seal to the end cover shaft to seal the motor. Some motors also have one or more mechanical seals in the upper end cover to seal the motor. There are few solutions to the problem of external water or other liquids entering the motor. There is basically no improvement on the lower end cover of the motor. The existing motors cannot guarantee long-term operation underwater. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a lower end cover, a motor housing and a motor thereof which can work for a long time underwater and can continue to work even when flooded, while reducing production cost and maintenance cost.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: The lower end cover of the present invention is fixed on the casing, and the lower end cover includes a plurality of upper end face portions and an upper end step portion, the plurality of upper end face portions include the upper end face of the lower end cover and have different heights, the upper end step portion is formed on the upper end face of the lower end cover, and the upper end step portion is located between adjacent upper end face portions among the plurality of upper end face portions, the plurality of upper end face portions of the lower end cover include the first upper end face portion to the nth upper end face portion, the height of the nth upper end face portion is higher than the height of the (n-1)th upper end face portion, and the height of the (n-1)th upper end face portion is lower than the height of the first upper end face portion, and the first upper end face portion to the nth upper end face portion are arranged in an inward direction along the upper periphery of the lower end, wherein n is an integer greater than 3.

[0005] The multiple upper end face portions of the lower end cover of the present invention include a first upper end face portion, a second upper end face portion and a third upper end face portion, the height of the third upper end face portion is higher than the height of the second upper end face portion, and the height of the second upper end face portion is lower than the height of the first upper end face portion, and the first upper end face portion, the second upper end face portion and the third upper end face portion are arranged in an inward direction along the upper periphery of the lower end cover.

[0006] The plurality of upper end surface portions of the present invention include a first upper end surface portion to an nth upper end surface portion, and the first upper end surface portion to an (n-1)th upper end surface portion are arranged in decreasing height in sequence along the upper end outer circumference of the lower end cover inwardly.

[0007] The multiple upper end face portions of the lower end cover of the present invention include a first upper end face portion, a second upper end face portion, a third upper end face portion and a fourth upper end face portion, the height of the fourth upper end face portion is higher than the height of the third upper end face portion, the height of the first upper end face portion is higher than the height of the second upper end face portion, and the height of the second upper end face portion is higher than the height of the third upper end face portion, and the first upper end face portion, the second upper end face portion and the third upper end face portion are arranged in decreasing height in sequence along the upper periphery of the lower end cover inwardly.

[0008] The plurality of upper end face portions of the present invention include a first upper end face portion and a second upper end face portion to an nth upper end face portion, and the second upper end face portion to the nth upper end face portion are arranged in increasing heights in sequence along the upper end periphery of the lower end cover inwardly.

[0009] The multiple upper end face portions of the lower end cover of the present invention include a first upper end face portion, a second upper end face portion, a third upper end face portion and a fourth upper end face portion, the height of the first upper end face portion is higher than the height of the second upper end face portion, the height of the fourth upper end face portion is higher than the height of the third upper end face portion, and the height of the third upper end face portion is higher than the height of the second upper end face portion, and the second upper end face portion, the third upper end face portion and the fourth upper end face portion are arranged in increasing height in sequence along the upper periphery of the lower end cover inwardly.

[0010] The multiple upper end surface portions of the present invention are combined together to increase the internal capacity of the lower end cover, thereby ensuring long-term operation of the motor.

[0011] The lower end cover of the present invention includes a plurality of lower end face portions and a lower end step portion, the plurality of lower end face portions include the lower end face of the lower end cover and have different heights, the lower end step portion is formed on the lower end face of the lower end cover, the lower end step portion is located between adjacent lower end face portions among the plurality of lower end face portions, the plurality of lower end face portions of the lower end cover include the first lower end face portion to the mth lower end face portion, the height of the mth lower end face portion is higher than the height of the (m-1)th lower end face portion, the first lower end face portion to the mth lower end face portion are arranged in an inward direction along the outer circumference of the lower end of the lower end cover, wherein m is an integer greater than 2.

[0012] The first to mth lower end face portions of the present invention are arranged in increasing heights in sequence along the inner direction of the lower end periphery of the lower end of the lower end cover.

[0013] The plurality of lower end surface portions of the lower end cover of the present invention include a first lower end surface portion and a second lower end surface portion, and the height of the second lower end surface portion is higher than the height of the first lower end surface portion.

[0014] The lower end cover of the present invention also includes a rear pressure piece, which includes a plurality of rear pressure piece upper end face portions and a rear pressure piece upper end step portion, the plurality of rear pressure piece upper end face portions include the upper end face of the rear pressure piece and have different heights, the rear pressure piece upper end step portion is formed on the upper end face of the rear pressure piece, the rear pressure piece upper end step portion is located between adjacent rear pressure piece upper end face portions among the plurality of rear pressure piece upper end face portions, the plurality of rear pressure piece upper end face portions of the rear pressure piece include the first rear pressure piece upper end face portion to the mth rear pressure piece upper end face portion, the height of the mth rear pressure piece upper end face portion is lower than the height of the (m-1)th rear pressure piece upper end face portion, and the first rear pressure piece upper end face portion to the mth rear pressure piece upper end face portion are arranged inwardly along the upper periphery of the rear pressure piece, wherein m is an integer greater than 2.

[0015] The first rear pressure piece upper end surface portion to the mth rear pressure piece upper end surface portion of the rear pressure piece of the present invention are arranged in decreasing height in a direction inwardly along the upper end outer circumference of the rear pressure piece.

[0016] The plurality of rear pressure piece upper end surface portions of the rear pressure piece of the present invention include a first rear pressure piece upper end surface portion and a second rear pressure piece upper end surface portion, and the height of the first rear pressure piece upper end surface portion is higher than the height of the second rear pressure piece upper end surface portion.

[0017] The rear pressure member of the present invention also includes a rear pressure sealing member, the multiple lower end surface portions of the lower end cover include the 1st lower end surface portion to the mth lower end surface portion, the multiple rear pressure member upper end surface portions of the rear pressure member include the 1st rear pressure member upper end surface portion to the mth rear pressure member upper end surface portion, the multiple lower end surface portions of the lower end cover correspond to the multiple rear pressure member upper end surface portions of the rear pressure member, the 1st rear pressure member upper end surface portion corresponds to the 1st lower end surface portion, the mth rear pressure member upper end surface portion corresponds to the mth lower end surface portion, and the 1st rear pressure member upper end surface portion is contacted and fixed to the 1st lower end surface portion via a rear pressure sealing member.

[0018] The upper end surface of the lower end cover of the present invention is provided with a lower oil hole, and the upper end surface is connected to the lower end surface of the lower end cover through the lower oil hole; the rear pressure piece also includes a rear pressure piece lower end surface, and the upper end surface of the rear pressure piece is provided with a water hole, and the upper end surface of the rear pressure piece is connected to the lower end surface of the rear pressure piece through the water hole.

[0019] A motor casing of the present invention comprises an upper end cover, a casing body and the lower end cover described above, wherein the upper end cover and the lower end cover are respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the motor casing.

[0020] The shell body and the upper end cover of the present invention are integrally formed.

[0021] A motor of the present invention comprises the motor housing, stator component, rotor component and motor shaft as described above, wherein the stator component is installed in the motor housing, the rotor component is arranged in the stator component, the motor shaft passes through the rotor component and is fixedly connected to the rotor component, and one end of the motor shaft passes through the upper end cover of the motor housing and extends to the outside of the motor housing; or the rotor component is installed in the motor housing, the stator component is arranged in the rotor component, the motor shaft passes through the stator component and the rotor component and is fixedly connected to the rotor component, and one end of the motor shaft passes through the upper end cover of the motor housing and extends to the outside of the motor housing.

[0022] The upper end cover and the lower end cover of the motor of the present invention are respectively provided with a bearing seat / bearing groove and a bearing, the bearing is arranged in the bearing seat / bearing groove, and the bearing is connected to the motor shaft.

[0023] The oil storage space L is formed by combining the plurality of upper end surface portions and the upper end step portion of the lower end cover of the present invention.

[0024] The multiple lower end surface parts and the lower end step parts of the lower end cover of the present invention are combined with the rear pressure seal to form an oil sealing space E.

[0025] The multiple upper end face portions and the upper end step portions of the rear pressure piece of the present invention are combined with the rear pressure seal to form a water space F; when the motor is placed underwater, external water enters the water space F, and the balancing lower end face portion and the lower end step portion are combined with the rear pressure seal to form an oil sealing space E.

[0026] The rear pressure seal of the present invention is made of elastic materials such as perfluororubber, fluororubber, chloroprene rubber, etc., and can ensure that the liquid inside the motor is in a full state through its elasticity.

[0027] The inner end surface of the lower end cover of the present invention is provided with a lower end cover wing, and the lower end cover wing extends outward along the inner end surface.

[0028] The shell body of the present invention is provided with a second end wing cooperating with the lower end cover wing on the lower end surface, and the second end wing is provided with a fifth sealing groove, and a sealing ring is provided in the fifth sealing groove. Preferably, the sealing ring is a rubber ring, and the shell body is sealed and connected to the lower end cover through the sealing ring, and the second end wing is provided with a bolt, and the second end wing is fastened to the inner end surface of the lower end cover by the bolt; the upper end surface of the shell body is provided with a first end wing with the same / similar structure as the second end wing, and the inner end surface of the upper end cover is provided with an upper end cover wing cooperating with the first end wing, and the first end wing is provided with a fourth sealing groove on the inner end surface close to the upper end cover, and a sealing ring is provided in the fourth sealing groove, preferably, the sealing ring is a rubber ring, and the shell body is sealed and connected to the upper end cover through the sealing ring, and the first end wing is provided with a bolt, and the first end wing is fastened to the inner end surface of the upper end cover by the bolt.

[0029] The motor of the present invention comprises the motor housing, stator component, rotor component and motor shaft described above, wherein the stator component is installed in the motor housing, the rotor component is arranged in the stator component, and the motor shaft passes through the rotor component and is fixedly connected to the rotor component; bearings are respectively provided in the upper end cover and the lower end cover of the motor housing, one end of the motor shaft is connected to the bearing of the lower end cover, and the other end is connected to the bearing of the upper end cover and passes through the upper end cover to the outside of the motor housing, and a detection and maintenance device is provided in the oil storage space L.

[0030] The detection and maintenance device of the present invention includes a detection and alarm device, which is arranged on the upper step portion of the lower end cover to detect changes in the amount of oil stored in the oil storage space L. When the amount of oil stored in the oil storage space L is at different capacities, different alarms are issued to remind.

[0031] The detection and maintenance device of the present invention also includes a maintenance hole, which is arranged on the upper step portion of the lower end cover. The maintenance hole passes through the lower end cover, and a maintenance plug is provided at the outer end of the lower end cover. When a large amount of water accumulates in the oil storage space L, the maintenance plug can be removed to release the water in the oil storage space L to ensure that the motor will not be damaged.

[0032] One end of the motor shaft of the present invention extends along the axis and sequentially connects the bearing of the lower end cover, the rotor component, the bearing of the upper end cover and the upper end cover to the outside of the motor housing. A keyway is provided on the end surface of the motor shaft extending outside the motor housing.

[0033] The upper end cover of the present invention is provided with an oiling hole and a wire outlet hole, and the oiling hole and the wire outlet hole are communicated with the inside of the motor housing.

[0034] In the drawings of the specification, X is the lateral direction of the component, and Y is the vertical direction of the component.

[0035] The height described in the specification includes the height of the upper end face and the height of the lower end face. The height refers to the height in the Y direction in the accompanying drawings, from Y1 to Y2, that is, high to low; at the same time, the Y direction in the accompanying drawings includes Y1 as the upper end direction, that is, the upper end, and Y2 as the lower end direction, that is, the lower end.

[0036] The peripheral inward direction described in the specification refers to the X direction in the drawings, from X1 to X2, that is, from the outside to the inside, and also the direction from the periphery to the center; at the same time, the X direction in the drawings includes X1 as the peripheral direction, that is, the periphery, and X2 as the inner end direction, that is, the inner end.

[0037] The fit or fitting connection described in the specification includes clearance fit, interference fit and transition fit.

[0038] The outer end face of the lower end cover described in the specification usually refers to the end face away from the motor housing after the lower end cover and the motor housing are assembled together. Similarly, the inner end face of the lower end cover refers to the end face connected to the motor housing after the lower end cover and the motor housing are assembled together. The same applies to the outer / inner end faces of the upper end cover.

[0039] The “along the axis” described in the specification usually refers to the direction along the axis, which means along the center line of the motor shaft or along the axis of the motor shaft of the motor, and also refers to the Y direction in the accompanying drawings. All descriptions do not limit the size or area of ​​the components but only describe the direction.

[0040] The main principle of the present invention is: the main working environment of the motor is to work underwater for a long time, and insulating oil is added to the motor housing for oil sealing. The insulating oil can enter the oil sealing space E through the upper oil hole on the oil storage space L, and then the rear pressure seal is affected by the insulating oil, so that the rear pressure seal is deformed and close to the upper end surface of the rear pressure seal, until the inside of the motor housing is full or nearly full or reaches the internal capacity of the motor housing when the rear pressure seal is not deformed. When the motor is placed in water, external water enters the water space F from the water hole of the rear pressure piece, and the rear pressure seal is restored to its initial state by water pressure; when the motor works for a long time, the insulating oil can enter the oil sealing space E through the upper oil hole on the oil storage space L, and then the rear pressure seal is affected by the insulating oil, so that the rear pressure seal is deformed and close to the upper end surface of the rear pressure piece, until the inside of the motor housing is full or nearly full or reaches the internal capacity of the motor housing when the rear pressure seal is not deformed. During operation, water in the external environment enters the motor through the gap between the motor shaft and the upper end cover / shell body, and will be blocked by the motor filled with insulating oil. The immiscible characteristics of oil and water and the centrifugal force brought by the rotation of the motor shaft are used to throw the water to the inner walls of the motor shell around and away from the motor shaft to prevent water from entering the working area of ​​the stator and rotor inside the motor. Since water is heavier than oil, water flows along the inner wall of the motor shell to the oil storage space L of the lower end cover without causing damage to the motor. When the amount of oil stored in the oil storage space L is detected to gradually decrease, the motor will send out different alarms to remind the motor whether it needs repair and maintenance.

[0041] The insulating oil added to the motor of the present invention includes transformer oil, capacitor oil, cable oil and switch oil.

[0042] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: through the unique structural design and the internal space of the oil-sealed motor of the present invention, the sealing and waterproofness of the motor is effectively guaranteed, and the high efficiency of the motor working underwater for a long time is guaranteed. At the same time, the maintenance cost is low. Each time, only the lower end cover and / or the rear pressure piece of the lower end cover need to be maintained, and no other maintenance is required for the stator and rotor parts of the motor, thereby reducing maintenance time and increasing the running time of the motor. In addition, the oil seal can be used to efficiently dissipate the heat inside the motor. The motor rotor rotates inside the motor to drive the movement of the oil inside the motor, and the heat generated by the rotation of the stator and rotor is continuously transferred to the motor casing through the oil, and then the motor casing transfers the heat to the external environment, effectively dissipating the heat and cooling the motor, thereby ensuring that the motor works efficiently for a long time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a first embodiment of the lower end cover; Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a second embodiment of the lower end cover; Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a third embodiment of the lower end cover; Figure 4 A top view of a third embodiment of the lower end cover; Figure 5 A bottom view of a third embodiment of the lower end cover; Figure 6 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a fourth embodiment of the lower end cover; Figure 7 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a first embodiment of a motor; Figure 8 A top view of a first embodiment of a motor; Fig. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a second embodiment of a motor; Fig.10 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a third embodiment of a motor; Fig.11 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the lower end cover of the third embodiment of the motor; Fig.12 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a first embodiment of a rear pressure piece; Fig.13 It is a top view of the first embodiment of the rear pressure piece.

[0044] In the figure: 2-stator component, 3-rotor component, 4-motor shaft, 11-upper end cover, 12-shell body, 13-lower end cover, 1321-lower oil hole, 134-rear pressure piece, 1322-cooling chamber, 1323-oil hole, 1343-rear pressure piece groove, 1344-rear pressure seal, 1345-rear pressure piece water hole, 130-lower end cover wing, 137-detection and maintenance device, 1371-detection and alarm device, 1372-repair and maintenance hole, 116-upper end cover wing, 118-upper oil hole, 119-wire outlet hole, 121-first end wing, 122-second end wing, 41-key slot, 13a-first upper end face portion, 13b-second upper end face portion, 13 c-the 3rd upper end face portion, 13d-the 4th upper end face portion, 13e-the 5th upper end face portion, 13f-the 6th upper end face portion, 139a-the upper end step portion, 133a-the 1st lower end face portion, 133b-the 2nd lower end face portion, 133c-the 3rd lower end face portion, 138a-the lower end step portion, 134a-the 1st rear pressure piece upper end face portion, 134b-the 2nd rear pressure piece upper end face portion, 134c-the 3rd rear pressure piece upper end face portion, 1349a-the rear pressure piece upper end step portion, 1141-the first bearing groove, 1311-the second bearing groove, 1211-the fourth sealing groove, 1212-the fifth sealing groove, L-the oil storage space, E-the oil sealing space, and F-the water space. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0046] Example 1, see Figure 1 The present invention discloses a lower end cover, the lower end cover is fixed on the casing, the lower end cover comprises a plurality of upper end face portions and an upper end step portion 139a, the plurality of upper end face portions include the upper end face of the lower end cover and have different heights, the upper end step portion is formed on the upper end face of the lower end cover, the upper end step portion is located between adjacent upper end face portions among the plurality of upper end face portions, the plurality of upper end face portions of the lower end cover comprise a first upper end face portion 13a, a second upper end face portion 13b and a third upper end face portion 13c, the height of the third upper end face portion 13c is higher than the height of the second upper end face portion 13b, and the height of the second upper end face portion 13b is lower than the height of the first upper end face portion 13a, the first upper end face portion 13a, the second upper end face portion 13b and the third upper end face portion 13c are arranged along the inner direction of the upper outer circumference of the lower end cover. The lower end cover of the present invention comprises a plurality of lower end face portions and a lower end step portion 138a, wherein the plurality of lower end face portions include the lower end face of the lower end cover, the lower end step portion is formed on the lower end face of the lower end cover, and the lower end step portion is located between adjacent lower end face portions among the plurality of lower end face portions, the plurality of lower end face portions of the lower end cover comprise a first lower end face portion 133a and a second lower end face portion 133b, the height of the second lower end face portion 133b is higher than the height of the first lower end face portion 133a, and the first lower end face portion 133a and the second lower end face portion 133b are arranged inwardly along the outer circumference of the lower end of the lower end cover; the second upper end face portion 13b, the third upper end face portion 13c and the upper end step portion 139a of the lower end cover of the present invention are combined to form an oil storage space L; the rest are the same as any other embodiment of the present invention or a combination of two or more embodiments.

[0047] Example 2, see Figure 2 The present invention discloses a lower end cover, the lower end cover comprises a plurality of upper end face portions and an upper end step portion 139a, the plurality of upper end face portions of the lower end cover comprises a first upper end face portion 13a, a second upper end face portion 13b and a third upper end face portion 13c, the lower end cover of the present invention comprises a plurality of lower end face portions and a lower end step portion 138a, the plurality of lower end face portions of the lower end cover comprises a first lower end face portion 133a and a second lower end face portion 133b, the height of the second lower end face portion 133b is higher than the height of the first lower end face portion 133a, the first lower end face portion 133a and the second lower end face portion 133b are arranged inwardly along the outer circumference of the lower end of the lower end cover; The lower end cover of the present invention also includes a rear pressure piece, which includes a plurality of rear pressure piece upper end face portions and a rear pressure piece upper end step portion 1349a, wherein the plurality of rear pressure piece upper end face portions of the rear pressure piece include a first rear pressure piece upper end face portion 134a and a second rear pressure piece upper end face portion 134b, wherein the height of the first rear pressure piece upper end face portion 134a is higher than the height of the second rear pressure piece upper end face portion 134b, and the first rear pressure piece upper end face portion 134a and the second rear pressure piece upper end face portion 134b are arranged in an inward direction along the upper periphery of the rear pressure piece; the first lower end face portion 133a of the lower end cover and the first rear pressure piece upper end face portion 1349a of the rear pressure piece are arranged in an inward direction along the upper periphery of the rear pressure piece. 4a corresponds to the second lower end surface portion 133b of the lower end cover and the second rear pressure piece upper end surface portion 134b of the rear pressure piece; the second upper end surface portion 13b, the third upper end surface portion 13c and the upper end step portion 139a of the lower end cover of the present invention are combined to form an oil storage space L; the first lower end surface portion 133a, the second lower end surface portion 133b and the lower end step portion 138a of the lower end cover of the present invention are combined with the first rear pressure piece upper end surface portion 134a, the second rear pressure piece upper end surface portion 134b and the rear pressure piece upper end step portion 1349a to form an oil sealing space E; the rest is the same as any other embodiment of the present invention or a combination of more than two embodiments.

[0048] Example 3, see Figure 3 The present invention discloses a lower end cover, the lower end cover comprises a plurality of upper end face portions and an upper end step portion 139a, the plurality of upper end face portions of the lower end cover comprises a first upper end face portion 13a, a second upper end face portion 13b, a third upper end face portion 13c, a fourth upper end face portion 13d, a fifth upper end face portion 13e and a sixth upper end face portion 13f, the height of the first upper end face portion 13a is higher than the height of the second upper end face portion 13b, the height of the second upper end face portion 13b is higher than the height of the third upper end face portion 13c, The height of the third upper end face portion 13c is higher than the height of the fourth upper end face portion 13d, the height of the fourth upper end face portion 13d is higher than the height of the fifth upper end face portion 13e, and the height of the sixth upper end face portion 13f is higher than the height of the fifth upper end face portion 13e. The first upper end face portion 13a, the second upper end face portion 13b, the third upper end face portion 13c, the fourth upper end face portion 13d, the fifth upper end face portion 13e and the sixth upper end face portion 13f are arranged inwardly along the outer circumference of the upper end of the lower end cover; The lower end cover of the present invention includes a plurality of lower end face portions and a lower end step portion 138a, wherein the lower end step portion is located between adjacent lower end face portions among the plurality of lower end face portions, wherein the plurality of lower end face portions of the lower end cover include a first lower end face portion 133a, a second lower end face portion 133b and a third lower end face portion 133c, wherein the height of the third lower end face portion 133c is higher than the height of the second lower end face portion 133b, and the height of the second lower end face portion 133b is higher than the height of the first lower end face portion 133a, and the first lower end face portion 133a, the second lower end face portion 133b and the third lower end face portion 133c are arranged inwardly along the outer circumference of the lower end of the lower end cover; The lower end cover of the present invention also includes a rear pressure piece, which includes a plurality of rear pressure piece upper end face portions and a rear pressure piece upper end step portion 1349a, wherein the plurality of rear pressure piece upper end face portions of the rear pressure piece include a first rear pressure piece upper end face portion 134a, a second rear pressure piece upper end face portion 134b and a third rear pressure piece upper end face portion 134c, wherein the height of the first rear pressure piece upper end face portion 134a is higher than the height of the second rear pressure piece upper end face portion 134b, the height of the second rear pressure piece upper end face portion 134b is higher than the height of the third rear pressure piece upper end face portion 134c, and the first rear pressure piece upper end face portion 134a, the second rear pressure piece upper end face portion 134b and the third rear pressure piece upper end face portion 134c are arranged in an inward direction along the upper periphery of the rear pressure piece; the first lower end face portion 133a of the lower end cover corresponds to the first rear pressure piece upper end face portion 134a of the rear pressure piece, and the second rear pressure piece upper end face portion 134b of the lower end cover corresponds to the first rear pressure piece upper end face portion 134a of the rear pressure piece, and the second rear pressure piece upper end face portion 134c of the lower end cover corresponds to the first rear pressure piece upper end face portion 134a of the rear pressure piece. The lower end surface portion 133b corresponds to the second rear pressure piece upper end surface portion 134b of the rear pressure piece, and the third lower end surface portion 133c of the lower end cover corresponds to the third rear pressure piece upper end surface portion 134c of the rear pressure piece; the second upper end surface portion 13b, the third upper end surface portion 13c, the fourth upper end surface portion 13d, the fifth upper end surface portion 13e, the sixth upper end surface portion 13f and the upper end step portion 139a of the lower end cover of the present invention are combined to form an oil storage space L; the first lower end surface portion 133a, the second lower end surface portion 133b, the third lower end surface portion 133c and the lower end step portion 138a of the lower end cover of the present invention are combined with the first rear pressure piece upper end surface portion 134a, the second rear pressure piece upper end surface portion 134b, the third rear pressure piece upper end surface portion 134c and the rear pressure piece upper end step portion 1349a to form an oil sealing space E; the rest is the same as any other embodiment of the present invention or a combination of more than two embodiments.

[0049] Example 4, see Figure 4The present invention discloses a lower end cover, the lower end cover comprises a first upper end face portion 13a, a second upper end face portion 13b, a third upper end face portion 13c, a fourth upper end face portion 13d, a fifth upper end face portion 13e and a sixth upper end face portion 13f, the inner diameter of the first upper end face portion 13a is equal to the outer diameter of the second upper end face portion 13b, the inner diameter of the second upper end face portion 13b is equal to the outer diameter of the third upper end face portion 13c, the inner diameter of the third upper end face portion 13c is equal to the outer diameter of the fourth upper end face portion 13d. The inner diameter of the fourth upper end surface portion 13d is equal to the outer diameter of the fifth upper end surface portion 13e, the inner diameter of the fifth upper end surface portion 13e is equal to the outer diameter of the sixth upper end surface portion 13f, and the first upper end surface portion 13a, the second upper end surface portion 13b, the third upper end surface portion 13c, the fourth upper end surface portion 13d, the fifth upper end surface portion 13e and the sixth upper end surface portion 13f are arranged in an inward direction along the outer circumference of the upper end of the lower end cover; the rest is the same as any other embodiment of the present invention or a combination of two or more embodiments.

[0050] Example 5, see Figure 5 The present invention discloses a lower end cover, the lower end cover comprises a first lower end face portion 133a, a second lower end face portion 133b and a third lower end face portion 133c, the inner diameter of the first lower end face portion 133a is equal to the outer diameter of the second lower end face portion 133b, the inner diameter of the second lower end face portion 133b is equal to the outer diameter of the third lower end face portion 133c, the first lower end face portion 133a, the second lower end face portion 133b and the third lower end face portion 133c are arranged inwardly along the outer circumference of the lower end of the lower end cover; the rest is the same as any other embodiment or a combination of two or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0051] Example 6, see Figure 6The present invention discloses a lower end cover, the lower end cover comprises a plurality of upper end face portions and an upper end step portion 139a, the plurality of upper end face portions of the lower end cover comprises a first upper end face portion 13a, a second upper end face portion 13b, a third upper end face portion 13c, a fourth upper end face portion 13d, a fifth upper end face portion 13e and a sixth upper end face portion 13f, the height of the first upper end face portion 13a is higher than the height of the second upper end face portion 13b, and the height of the second upper end face portion 13b is lower than the height of the third upper end face portion 13c, the height of the third upper end face portion 13c is lower than the height of the fourth upper end face portion 13d, and the height of the fourth upper end face portion 13d is lower than the height of the sixth upper end face portion 13f. 5 upper end surface portion 13e, the height of the fifth upper end surface portion 13e is lower than the height of the sixth upper end surface portion 13f, the first upper end surface portion 13a, the second upper end surface portion 13b, the third upper end surface portion 13c, the fourth upper end surface portion 13d, the fifth upper end surface portion 13e and the sixth upper end surface portion 13f are arranged inwardly along the upper end outer circumference of the lower end cover; the second upper end surface portion 13b, the third upper end surface portion 13c, the fourth upper end surface portion 13d, the fifth upper end surface portion 13e, the sixth upper end surface portion 13f and the upper end step portion 139a of the lower end cover of the present invention are combined to form an oil storage space L; the rest is the same as any other embodiment of the present invention or a combination of two or more embodiments.

[0052] Example 7, see Figure 7 and Figure 8 The present invention discloses a motor, which comprises a shell body 12, a lower end cover 13, a stator component 2, a rotor component 3 and a motor shaft 4, wherein the lower end cover 13 is provided with a detection and maintenance device 137, the stator component 2 is installed in the shell body 12, the rotor component 3 is arranged in the stator component 2, the motor shaft 4 passes through the rotor component 3 and is fixedly connected with the rotor component 3, one end of the motor shaft 4 is connected to the lower end cover 13, and the other end of the motor shaft 4 passes through the rotor component 3 and the shell body 12 in sequence and extends to the outside of the motor, and the shell body 12 is also provided with an upper oil hole 118 and a wire outlet hole 119, one end of the upper oil hole 118 and the wire outlet hole 119 are respectively connected to the upper end surface of the shell body 12, and the other ends of the upper oil hole 118 and the wire outlet hole 119 are respectively connected to the inside of the shell body 12; the rest is the same as any other embodiment of the present invention or a combination of more than two embodiments.

[0053] Example 8, see Fig. 9The present invention discloses a motor, which includes an upper end cover 11, a shell body 12, a lower end cover 13, a stator component 2, a rotor component 3 and a motor shaft 4. The lower end cover 13 is provided with a detection and maintenance device and a lower oil hole 1321, one end of the lower oil hole 1321 is connected to the upper step portion 139a, and the other end of the lower oil hole 1321 is connected to the second lower end surface portion 133b. The detection and maintenance device includes a detection alarm device 1371 and a maintenance hole 1372. The detection alarm device 1371 is provided on the upper step portion 139a, one end of the maintenance hole 1372 is connected to the upper step portion 139a, and the other end is connected to the outer end of the lower end cover 13; the rest is the same as any other embodiment of the present invention or a combination of more than two embodiments.

[0054] Example 9, see Fig.10 The present invention discloses a motor, the motor comprises an upper end cover 11, a shell body 12, and a lower end cover 13, the upper end cover 11 and the lower end cover 13 are respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the shell body 12, an upper end cover wing 116 is arranged on the lower end face of the upper end cover 11, a first end wing 121 which cooperates with the upper end cover wing 116 of the upper end cover 11 is arranged on the upper end face of the shell body 12, a fourth sealing groove 1211 is arranged on the end face of the first end wing 121 close to the upper end cover wing 116, a sealing ring is arranged in the fourth sealing groove 1211, preferably, the sealing ring is a rubber ring, and the sealing ring makes the shell body 12 and the upper end cover 11 is sealed and connected, the first end wing 121 may also be provided with bolts, and the first end wing 121 is fastened and connected with the upper end cover wing 116 by bolts; the lower end surface of the shell body 12 is provided with a second end wing 122 with the same / similar structure as the first end wing 121, the inner end surface of the lower end cover 13 is provided with a lower end cover wing 130 matched with the second end wing 122, and the second end wing 122 is provided with a fifth sealing groove 1212 on the inner end surface of the shell body 12 close to the lower end cover 13, and a sealing ring is provided in the fifth sealing groove 1212, preferably, the sealing ring is a rubber ring, and the sealing ring makes the shell body 12 and the lower end cover 13 sealed and connected; The lower end surface of the upper end cover 11 is provided with a first bearing groove 1141, a bearing is provided in the first bearing groove 1141, the upper end cover 11 is sleeved on the motor shaft through the bearing, the inner end surface of the lower end cover 13 is provided with a second bearing groove 1311, a bearing is provided in the second bearing groove 1311, and the lower end cover 13 is connected to the motor shaft through the bearing; The lower end cover 13 is provided with a detection and maintenance device, which includes a detection alarm device 1371 and a maintenance hole 1372. The detection alarm device 1371 is provided on the upper step portion 139a. One end of the maintenance hole 1372 is connected to the upper step portion 139a, and the other end is connected to the outer end of the lower end cover 13. The lower end cover 13 is also provided with a rear pressure piece 134, and the rear pressure piece 134 includes a rear pressure seal 1344 and a rear pressure piece water hole 1345; the multiple upper end surface portions and the upper end step portion of the lower end cover of the present invention are combined to form an oil storage space L; the multiple lower end surface portions and the lower end step portion of the lower end cover of the present invention are combined with the rear pressure seal 1344 to form an oil sealing space E, and the rear pressure seal 1344 of the rear pressure piece of the present invention is combined with the multiple rear pressure piece upper end surface portions and the rear pressure piece upper end step portion to form a water space F; the rest is the same as any other embodiment of the present invention or a combination of more than two embodiments.

[0055] Example 10, see Fig.11 and Fig.12 The present invention discloses a lower end cover, the lower end cover comprises an upper end step portion 139a, a lower oil hole 1321, a cooling cavity 1322, an oil hole 1323, a second lower end face portion 133b and a second bearing groove 1311, the inner end surface of the lower end cover 13 is provided with a second bearing groove 1311, the cooling cavity 1322 is provided below the second bearing groove 1311, the second bearing groove 1311 is cooled, and the motor shaft and bearing can also be lubricated and cooled, one end of the lower oil hole 1321 is connected to the upper end step portion 139a, the other end of the lower oil hole 1321 is connected to the cooling cavity 1322, one end of the oil hole 1323 is connected to the cooling cavity 1322, and the other end of the oil hole 1323 is connected to the second lower end face portion 133 b; the lower end cover also includes a rear pressure piece, which includes a first rear pressure piece upper end surface portion 134a, a second rear pressure piece upper end surface portion 134b, a rear pressure seal 1344 and a rear pressure piece groove 1343, the first rear pressure piece upper end surface portion 134a of the rear pressure piece is connected to the lower end surface portion of the lower end cover through the rear pressure seal 1344, a rear pressure piece groove 1343 is provided on the outer end surface of the rear pressure piece, a rear pressure piece water hole 1345 is provided on the rear pressure piece groove 1343, one end of the rear pressure piece water hole 1345 is connected to the rear pressure piece groove 1343, and the other end of the rear pressure piece water hole 1345 is connected to the second rear pressure piece upper end surface portion 134b; the rest is the same as any other embodiment of the present invention or a combination of more than two embodiments.

[0056] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described above in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and does not serve as any limitation on the present application and its application or use. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0057] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0058] It should be understood that the term "and / or" used in this article is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0059] Unless otherwise specified, the relative arrangement of the components and steps described in these embodiments, the numerical expressions and numerical values ​​do not limit the scope of the present application. At the same time, it should be understood that for ease of description, the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification, so that people familiar with this technology can understand and read, and are not used to limit the limiting conditions that can be implemented in this application. Any modification of the structure, change of the proportional relationship or adjustment of the size, without affecting the effect that can be produced by this application and the purpose that can be achieved, should still fall within the scope that the technical content disclosed in this application can cover. The technology, methods and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant field may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, methods and equipment should be regarded as part of the authorization specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as merely exemplary, not as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in the subsequent drawings.

[0060] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application; the directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contours of each component itself.

[0061] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface", "above", etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Therefore, the exemplary term "above" may include both "above" and "below". In addition, it should be noted that the use of words such as "first" and "second" to define components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. If not otherwise stated, the above words have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A lower end cover, the lower end cover is fixed on the casing, characterized in that: The lower end cover includes a plurality of upper end face portions and an upper end step portion, The plurality of upper end surface portions include the upper end surface of the lower end cover and have different heights. The upper end step is formed on the upper end surface of the lower end cover. The upper end step portion is located between adjacent upper end surface portions among the plurality of upper end surface portions, The multiple upper end face portions of the lower end cover include the 1st upper end face portion to the nth upper end face portion, the height of the nth upper end face portion is higher than the height of the (n-1)th upper end face portion, and the height of the (n-1)th upper end face portion is lower than the height of the 1st upper end face portion, and the 1st upper end face portion to the nth upper end face portion are arranged in an inward direction along the upper periphery of the lower end cover, wherein n is an integer greater than 3.

2. The lower end cover according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first to (n-1)th upper end surface portions are arranged in decreasing height in an inward direction along the outer circumference of the upper end of the lower end cover.

3. The lower end cover according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The second to nth upper end face portions are arranged in increasing heights in sequence along the outer circumference of the upper end of the lower end cover inwardly.

4. The lower end cover according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The lower end cover includes a plurality of lower end face portions and a lower end step portion. The plurality of lower end surface portions include the lower end surface of the lower end cover and have different heights. The lower end step is formed on the lower end surface of the lower end cover. The lower end step portion is located between adjacent lower end surface portions among the plurality of lower end surface portions. The multiple lower end face portions of the lower end cover include the 1st lower end face portion to the mth lower end face portion, the height of the mth lower end face portion is higher than the height of the (m-1)th lower end face portion, and the 1st lower end face portion to the mth lower end face portion are arranged in an inward direction along the outer circumference of the lower end of the lower end cover, wherein m is an integer greater than 2.

5. The lower end cover according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The lower end cover also includes a rear pressure piece, and the rear pressure piece includes a plurality of rear pressure piece upper end face portions and a rear pressure piece upper end step portion. The plurality of upper end surface portions of the rear pressure members include the upper end surface of the rear pressure member and have different heights. The upper end step of the rear pressure piece is formed on the upper end surface of the rear pressure piece. The step portion at the upper end of the rear pressure piece is located between the upper end face portions of the plurality of rear pressure pieces that are adjacent to each other. The multiple rear pressure piece upper end face portions of the rear pressure piece include the 1st rear pressure piece upper end face portion to the mth rear pressure piece upper end face portion, the height of the mth rear pressure piece upper end face portion is lower than the height of the (m-1)th rear pressure piece upper end face portion, and the 1st rear pressure piece upper end face portion to the mth rear pressure piece upper end face portion are arranged inwardly along the upper periphery of the rear pressure piece, wherein m is an integer greater than 2.

6. The lower end cover according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rear pressure member includes a rear pressure sealing member, the multiple lower end face portions of the lower end cover correspond to the multiple rear pressure member upper end face portions of the rear pressure member, the first rear pressure member upper end face portion corresponds to the first lower end face portion, the mth rear pressure member upper end face portion corresponds to the mth lower end face portion, and the first rear pressure member upper end face portion is contacted and fixed to the first lower end face portion via a rear pressure sealing member.

7. The lower end cover according to any one of claims 5 to 6, characterized in that: The upper end surface of the lower end cover is provided with a lower oil hole, and the upper end surface is connected to the lower end surface of the lower end cover through the lower oil hole; the rear pressure piece also includes a rear pressure piece lower end surface, and the upper end surface of the rear pressure piece is provided with a water hole, and the upper end surface of the rear pressure piece is connected to the lower end surface of the rear pressure piece through the water hole.

8. A motor housing, characterized in that: The motor housing comprises an upper end cover, a housing body and a lower end cover as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the upper end cover and the lower end cover are respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the motor housing.

9. The motor housing according to claim 8, characterized in that: The shell body and the upper end cover are integrally formed.

10. A motor, characterized in that: The motor comprises a motor housing, a stator component, a rotor component and a motor shaft as described in any one of claims 8 to 9, wherein the stator component is installed in the motor housing, the rotor component is arranged in the stator component, the motor shaft passes through the rotor component and is fixedly connected to the rotor component, and one end of the motor shaft passes through the upper end cover of the motor housing and extends to the outside of the motor housing; or the rotor component is installed in the motor housing, the stator component is arranged in the rotor component, the motor shaft passes through the stator component and the rotor component and is fixedly connected to the rotor component, and one end of the motor shaft passes through the upper end cover of the motor housing and extends to the outside of the motor housing.

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