Photovoltaic cell module and photovoltaic power generation equipment

Abstract

The invention provides a photovoltaic cell module and photovoltaic power generation equipment, and relates to the field of photovoltaic technology. The photovoltaic cell module comprises a backboard layer, a cell layer, a stress dispersion layer and a packaging material layer which are sequentially stacked, wherein the stress dispersion layer has preset elasticity and heat resistance and is used for absorbing and dispersing thermal stress, caused by temperature change, of the packaging material layer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic cell assembly and a photovoltaic power generation device. Background Art

[0002] In the production of solar cell modules, the packaging process is one of the key links. The selection and application process of packaging materials have an important impact on the performance and life of the modules.

[0003] Currently, the widely used packaging materials mainly include EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer) and polyurethane, etc. During the high-temperature curing process, these materials will cause thermal stress due to the difference in thermal expansion coefficient and the rigidity of the material itself, thus generating micro cracks on the surface or inside of the battery cell, affecting the performance and life of the battery assembly. Summary of the invention

[0004] A technical problem to be solved by the present disclosure is that currently EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer) and polyurethane are used as packaging materials, and the thermal stress generated during the high-temperature curing process may cause micro cracks on the surface or inside of the battery cell.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the embodiment of the present disclosure provides a photovoltaic cell assembly, which includes: a back plate layer, a cell layer, a stress dispersion layer and a packaging material layer stacked in sequence;

[0006] The stress dispersion layer has preset elasticity and heat resistance, and is used to absorb and disperse the thermal stress of the packaging material layer caused by temperature changes.

[0007] In some embodiments, the stress dispersion layer has a plurality of micropores, and the micropores penetrate the stress dispersion layer along a thickness direction.

[0008] In some embodiments, the plurality of micropores are evenly distributed in the stress dispersion layer.

[0009] In some embodiments, the micropores have a pore size of 20-30 microns.

[0010] In some embodiments, the stress dispersion layer has 1000-2000 micropores per square centimeter.

[0011] In some embodiments, the stress dispersion layer is made of an elastic polymer material.

[0012] In some embodiments, the stress dispersion layer is made of polyurethane material; or,

[0013] The stress dispersion layer is made of silicone material.

[0014] In some embodiments, the stress dispersion layer has a thickness of 50-100 microns.

[0015] In some embodiments, an outer protective layer is stacked on the packaging material layer.

[0016] The disclosed embodiment also provides a photovoltaic power generation device, which includes: the above-mentioned photovoltaic cell assembly.

[0017] Through the above technical scheme, the photovoltaic cell module and photovoltaic power generation equipment provided by the present invention, by adding a stress dispersion layer between the cell layer and the packaging material layer, the stress dispersion layer has preset elasticity and heat resistance. When the packaging material layer causes thermal stress to be generated during the high-temperature curing process, the stress dispersion layer can offset the stress and deformation caused by temperature changes through elastic deformation, and can elastically buffer the influence of thermal stress, thereby avoiding the thermal stress caused by temperature changes in the packaging material layer to have adverse effects on the cell layer. In addition, the heat resistance of the stress dispersion layer can also effectively absorb and disperse thermal stress to a certain extent, avoiding excessive concentration of stress in local areas, ensuring the stability of the structure, and helping to improve the service life of the photovoltaic cell module. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present disclosure. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic cell assembly disclosed in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the stress dispersion layer of the photovoltaic cell assembly disclosed in the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0021] Description of reference numerals:

[0022] 1. Backplane layer; 2. Cell layer; 3. Stress dispersion layer; 301. Micropores; 4. Packaging material layer; 5. Outer protective layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following is a further detailed description of the embodiments of the present disclosure in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The detailed description of the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings are used to exemplarily illustrate the principles of the present disclosure, but cannot be used to limit the scope of the present disclosure. The present disclosure can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions that fall within the scope of the claims.

[0024] The present disclosure provides these embodiments to make the present disclosure thorough and complete, and to fully express the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of the parts and steps, the composition of the materials, the numerical expressions and the numerical values ​​set forth in these embodiments should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, and not as limiting.

[0025] It should be noted that, in the description of the present disclosure, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "multiple" is greater than or equal to two; the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are only for the convenience of describing the present disclosure and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present disclosure. When the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0026] In addition, the words "first", "second" and similar words used in the present disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different parts. "Vertical" does not mean vertical in the strict sense, but is within the tolerance range. "Parallel" does not mean parallel in the strict sense, but is within the tolerance range. "Include" or "comprising" and similar words mean that the elements before the word include the elements listed after the word, and do not exclude the possibility of including other elements.

[0027] It should also be noted that in the description of the present disclosure, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present disclosure can be understood according to the specific circumstances. When a specific device is described as being located between a first device and a second device, there may or may not be an intermediate device between the specific device and the first device or the second device.

[0028] All terms used in the present disclosure have the same meanings as those understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present disclosure belongs, unless otherwise specifically defined. It should also be understood that terms defined in general dictionaries, for example, should be interpreted as having meanings consistent with their meanings in the context of the relevant technology, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or extremely formal sense, unless explicitly defined as such herein.

[0029] Technologies, methods, and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the technologies, methods, and equipment should be considered part of the specification.

[0030] Embodiment 1

[0031] Reference Figure 1 Embodiment 1 of the present invention proposes a photovoltaic cell assembly, which includes: a backplane layer 1, a cell layer 2, a stress dispersion layer 3 and a packaging material layer 4 stacked in sequence; wherein the stress dispersion layer 3 has preset elasticity and heat resistance, and is used to absorb and disperse the thermal stress of the packaging material layer 4 caused by temperature changes.

[0032] Specifically, the photovoltaic cell assembly provided in this embodiment can be used, but is not limited to, in photovoltaic power generation equipment and scene applications such as building roofs, power projects, portable electronic devices, vehicles, and communication base stations. The photovoltaic cell assembly is a laminated structure, which includes a backplane layer 1, a cell layer 2, and a packaging material layer 4 stacked in sequence, wherein the backplane layer 1 is located on the back of the cell layer 2, and can effectively block harmful factors such as air, water vapor, and ultraviolet rays, protect the cell layer 2 from erosion and damage, and can provide a certain support force for the cell layer 2 to enhance strength; the cell layer 2 is the core structure of the photovoltaic cell assembly, and is made of semiconductor materials, has a photoelectric effect, and can directly convert solar energy into electrical energy to provide a source of electricity for photovoltaic power generation equipment; the packaging material layer 4 can effectively isolate the cell layer 2 from the external environment to prevent The packaging material layer 4 can prevent the cell layer 2 from being corroded by water vapor, oxygen, corrosive gases and impurities, thereby preventing the cell layer 2 from being physically and chemically damaged. The packaging material layer 4 also has good bonding properties, and can tightly bond the stacked layers of the photovoltaic cell assembly together to form an integral structure. The packaging material layer 4 can also provide electrical insulation protection to prevent circuits from occurring between the cells or between the cell layer 2 and the external structure, thereby ensuring electrical safety. The packaging material layer 4 can be made of, but is not limited to, EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer), polyurethane and other materials. The appropriate packaging material can be selected according to actual needs, application environment and the like.

[0033] In the packaging process, high-temperature curing is a key step. When the packaging material layer 4 is made of the above-mentioned EVA ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and polyurethane materials, these materials will cause thermal stress during the high-temperature curing process due to two main reasons. On the one hand, the reason is that when different materials in different layers of the stacked structure are heated, they will produce relative displacement or deformation due to the difference in expansion coefficients, thereby generating thermal stress at the material interface. On the other hand, the reason is that although packaging materials such as EVA, polyurethane, POE (polyolefin elastomer) have certain flexibility, their rigidity characteristics may become significant during the high-temperature curing process. This rigidity not only limits the free expansion of the material at high temperature, but also clamps the thermal stress caused by the difference in thermal expansion coefficients. In order to avoid the generation of thermal stress In order to prevent micro cracks from being generated on the surface or inside of the battery cell, in the technical solution adopted by the present invention, a stress dispersion layer 3 is added between the battery cell layer 2 and the packaging material layer 4. The stress dispersion layer 3 is in close contact with the surface of the battery cell layer 2 and can completely cover the entire area of ​​the battery cell layer 2. The stress dispersion layer 3 has preset elasticity and heat resistance. Based on the elasticity of the stress dispersion layer 3, when subjected to thermal stress, the stress and deformation caused by temperature changes can be offset by elastic deformation, and the influence of thermal stress can be buffered by elasticity, thereby avoiding the thermal stress caused by temperature changes in the packaging material layer 4 to have adverse effects on the battery cell layer 2. In addition, the heat resistance of the stress dispersion layer 3 can also effectively absorb and disperse thermal stress to a certain extent, thereby avoiding excessive concentration of stress in local areas and ensuring the stability of the structure.

[0034] According to the above, an embodiment of the present invention proposes a photovoltaic cell assembly, in which a stress dispersion layer 3 is added between the cell layer 2 and the packaging material layer 4, and the stress dispersion layer 3 has preset elasticity and heat resistance. When thermal stress is generated in the packaging material layer 4 during high-temperature curing, the stress dispersion layer 3 can offset the stress and deformation caused by temperature changes through elastic deformation, and can elastically buffer the influence of thermal stress, thereby avoiding the thermal stress caused by temperature changes in the packaging material layer 4 to have adverse effects on the cell layer 2. In addition, the heat resistance of the stress dispersion layer 3 can also effectively absorb and disperse thermal stress to a certain extent, thereby avoiding excessive concentration of stress in local areas, ensuring the stability of the structure, and helping to improve the service life of the photovoltaic cell assembly.

[0035] Reference Figure 2 In a specific implementation, the stress dispersion layer 3 has a plurality of micropores 301, and the micropores 301 penetrate the stress dispersion layer 3 along the thickness direction.

[0036] Specifically, in order to further enhance the stress dispersion effect of the stress dispersion layer 3, in the technical solution adopted by the present invention, a plurality of micropores 301 are arranged in the stress dispersion layer 3, and these micropores 301 penetrate the stress dispersion layer 3 along the thickness direction thereof respectively. The design of the micropores 301 can further disperse the stress generated inside the stress dispersion layer 3 due to temperature change, material shrinkage, external force and other factors, and can block the transmission of stress to the battery cell layer 2 by fully dispersing the stress, which is beneficial to protecting the battery cell layer 2; wherein, the cross-sectional shape of the micropores 301 can be, but is not limited to, circular, rectangular and the like, and can be optimally set to a regular shape with central symmetry; the micropores 301 of the stress dispersion layer 3 can be realized by laser hole processing technology, or can also be realized by bubble foaming technology.

[0037] Reference Figure 2 In a specific implementation, the plurality of micropores 301 are evenly distributed in the stress dispersion layer 3 .

[0038] Specifically, in order to evenly disperse stress and avoid local stress concentration, in the technical solution adopted by the present invention, a plurality of micropores 301 can be evenly distributed in the stress dispersion layer 3. Specifically, they can be evenly distributed in the entire area of ​​the stress dispersion layer 3, or the stress dispersion layer 3 can be divided into several areas, and the same number of evenly distributed micropores 301 are set in each area. Taking the shape of each local area as a rectangle as an example, a plurality of micropores 301 in each area can be arranged in the form of an array; this evenly arranged arrangement allows the thermal stress or other stresses generated to be evenly distributed and gradually released, so that the structure maintains stable performance.

[0039] Reference Figure 2 In a specific implementation, the pore size of the micropore 301 is 20-30 microns.

[0040] Specifically, in order to improve the stress dispersion effect, in the technical solution adopted by the present invention, as many micropores 301 as possible can be arranged, and the aperture of the micropores 301 can be reduced. For example, the aperture of the micropores 301 can be set to 20-30 microns. These tiny micropores 301 act as channels for stress release and can finely disperse the stress generated by temperature changes and the like, thereby helping to prevent excessive concentration of stress in local areas, thereby protecting the cell layer 2 from the influence of thermal stress and improving the overall stability and reliability of the photovoltaic cell assembly.

[0041] Reference Figure 2 In a specific implementation, the stress dispersion layer 3 has 1000-2000 micropores 301 per square centimeter.

[0042] Specifically, in the technical solution adopted by the present invention, by setting the micropores 301 to a tiny size, the number of micropores 301 can be increased. For example, 1000-2000 micropores 301 can be set per square centimeter on the stress dispersion sheet. This high-density arrangement can improve the stress dispersion and stress propagation capabilities of the stress dispersion layer 3.

[0043] In a specific implementation, the stress dispersion layer 3 is made of elastic polymer material.

[0044] Specifically, in order to meet the elasticity and heat resistance of the stress dispersion layer 3, in the technical solution adopted by the present invention, an elastic polymer material can be used to make the stress dispersion layer 3. The elastic polymer material has excellent elastic properties. When the packaging material layer 4 causes thermal stress during the high-temperature curing process, it can produce elastic deformation to effectively absorb and disperse the thermal stress, so that when the stress dispersion layer 3 receives impact or temperature changes, it can buffer and disperse the generated stress through its own elastic deformation, avoid stress concentration, and keep the battery layer 2 from damage; the elastic polymer material also has good heat resistance and corrosion resistance, can resist the erosion of external factors, and maintain stable performance; in addition, the elastic polymer has a strong self-healing ability. After being slightly damaged, its molecular chain can be rearranged and restore a certain shape and performance, thereby extending the service life of the stress dispersion layer 3 and further improving the stability of the photovoltaic cell assembly. Among them, the stress dispersion layer 3 can be made of polyurethane material or silicone material, but is not limited to this.

[0045] Reference Figure 1 In a specific implementation, the thickness of the stress dispersion layer 3 is 50-100 microns.

[0046] Specifically, in order to balance the stress dispersion effect of the stress dispersion layer 3 and its influence on the use of materials and the overall thickness, in the technical solution adopted by the present invention, the minimum thickness of the stress dispersion layer 3 is set to be greater than 50 microns, so that the stress dispersion layer 3 can have a sufficient thickness to ensure that the stress dispersion layer 3 can effectively absorb and disperse the stress, prevent damage to the battery layer 2 caused by stress concentration, thereby improving the stability and durability of the battery layer 2; setting the upper limit of the thickness of the stress dispersion layer 3 to 100 microns can avoid unnecessary waste of materials. Although an overly thick stress dispersion layer 3 can provide a better stress dispersion effect, it will increase the overall thickness and weight of the photovoltaic cell assembly, as well as the manufacturing cost. Therefore, a thickness of the stress dispersion layer 3 of 50-100 microns can optimize the utilization of materials and the overall thickness and weight of the photovoltaic cell assembly while ensuring performance.

[0047] Reference Figure 1 In a specific implementation, an outer protective layer 5 is stacked on the packaging material layer 4.

[0048] Specifically, in the technical solution adopted by the present invention, the photovoltaic cell assembly includes a backplane layer 1, a cell layer 2, a stress dispersion layer 3, a packaging material layer 4 and an outer protective layer 5 which are stacked in sequence, that is, an outer protective layer 5 is added on the packaging material layer 4, and the outer protective layer 5 can protect the cell layer 2 and other internal structures, can isolate the corrosive medium in the external environment, and has good waterproof and moisture-proof properties, so as to avoid water intrusion and cause the performance of the internal structure to decline or result in damage. During transportation, installation and use, the outer protective layer 5 can also withstand certain external force impact and wear, protect the internal structure from being scratched or damaged by collision, and ensure the integrity and safety of the photovoltaic cell assembly. Among them, the outer protective layer 5 can be made of, but not limited to, PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride, transparent polymer materials, etc.

[0049] Among them, the overall thickness of the stacked backplane layer 1, battery cell layer 2, stress dispersion layer 3, packaging material layer 4 and outer protective layer 5 in this embodiment can be set to 3.6mm-5.3mm to meet the overall strength requirements of the component and optimize the overall thickness and weight.

[0050] Embodiment 2

[0051] A second embodiment of the present invention provides a photovoltaic power generation device, which includes: the above-mentioned photovoltaic cell assembly.

[0052] Specifically, the photovoltaic power generation equipment provided in this embodiment can be applied to, but not limited to, equipment utilizing photovoltaic power generation on building roofs, power projects, portable electronic devices, vehicles, communication base stations, etc. The photovoltaic power generation equipment applies the above-mentioned photovoltaic cell assembly, and the stress dispersion layer 3 is set based on the photovoltaic cell assembly to avoid the influence of the thermal stress of the packaging material layer 4 on the cell layer 2, thereby ensuring the stability of the structure. The photovoltaic power generation equipment using the photovoltaic cell assembly can have good stability and a relatively high service life.

[0053] So far, various embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail. In order to avoid obscuring the concept of the present disclosure, some details known in the art are not described. Based on the above description, those skilled in the art can fully understand how to implement the technical solution disclosed here.

[0054] Although some specific embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail by way of examples, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above examples are for illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments may be modified or some technical features may be replaced by equivalents without departing from the scope and spirit of the present disclosure. In particular, the various technical features mentioned in the various embodiments may be combined in any manner as long as there is no structural conflict.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic cell assembly, characterized in that: include: A backplane layer (1), a battery sheet layer (2), a stress dispersion layer (3) and a packaging material layer (4) are stacked in sequence; The stress dispersion layer (3) has preset elasticity and heat resistance, and is used to absorb and disperse the thermal stress of the packaging material layer (4) caused by temperature changes.

2. The photovoltaic cell assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stress dispersion layer (3) has a plurality of micropores (301), and the micropores (301) penetrate the stress dispersion layer (3) along the thickness direction.

3. The photovoltaic cell assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: The plurality of micropores (301) are evenly distributed in the stress dispersion layer (3).

4. The photovoltaic cell assembly according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The pore size of the micropore (301) is 20-30 microns.

5. The photovoltaic cell assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: The stress dispersion layer (3) has 1000-2000 micropores (301) per square centimeter.

6. The photovoltaic cell assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stress dispersion layer (3) is made of elastic polymer material.

7. The photovoltaic cell assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that: The stress dispersion layer (3) is made of polyurethane material; or, The stress dispersion layer (3) is made of silicone material.

8. The photovoltaic cell assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the stress dispersion layer (3) is 50-100 microns.

9. The photovoltaic cell assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: An outer protective layer (5) is stacked on the packaging material layer (4).

10. A photovoltaic power generation device, characterized in that: include: A photovoltaic cell assembly as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.

Images