Multipurpose soil screening instrument

Abstract

The invention provides a multipurpose soil screening instrument. The multipurpose soil screening instrument comprises a base, a plurality of shaking hydraulic rods are installed on the side wall of the base, and the two ends of each shaking hydraulic rod are connected with the base and the side wall of a fixing box through universal joints correspondingly; the temperature control plates are symmetrically mounted on the side walls of the fixed box, a plurality of heating coils are mounted in one temperature control plate, and a plurality of semiconductor chilling plates are mounted in the other temperature control plate; the soil screening device comprises a fixed box, a fixed steel barrel and a plurality of elastic clamping seats, the fixed steel barrel is installed in the fixed box, the clamping seats are clamped in the fixed steel barrel, and a sleeve screen for screening soil is installed in the fixed steel barrel. The multipurpose soil screening instrument provided by the invention has the advantages that the blockage of the screening holes is effectively avoided, the screening efficiency is improved, and the influence on temperature-sensitive active substances and microorganisms in soil is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of soil aggregate classification technology, and more particularly to a multi-purpose soil sieving instrument. Background Technology

[0002] Soil aggregates refer to structural units with a diameter of <10mm formed by soil particles through various natural processes. Soil aggregates are a good soil structure. Their characteristics include porosity and water stability. Specifically, this is manifested in moderate soil porosity, the coexistence of water-holding pores and air-filling pores, and their appropriate quantity and proportion. This ensures that the solid, liquid, and gaseous phases in the soil are in a coordinated state, so aggregates are generally considered one of the indicators of soil fertility.

[0003] When sieving and classifying soil aggregates, the sieves are prone to clogging because most of them vibrate up and down, and some sand gets stuck in the mesh. When using wet sieving to classify soil aggregates, the sieve is installed in a water tank, and the shaker causes both the tank and the sieve to vibrate. This constant shaking of the sieve inside the tank can easily lead to sample leakage. Furthermore, changes in ambient temperature can significantly affect the active substances and microorganisms produced during sieving.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new multi-purpose soil sieving instrument to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem solved by this invention is to provide a multi-purpose soil sieving instrument that effectively avoids clogging of the sieve holes and improves sieving quality and efficiency.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the multi-purpose soil sieving instrument provided by the present invention includes: a base, wherein multiple wobbling hydraulic rods are installed inside the base, and the two ends of the wobbling hydraulic rods are respectively connected to the bottom end of the base and the bottom surface of the fixed box via universal joints; a temperature control plate, wherein the temperature control plate is symmetrically installed on the side wall of the fixed box, wherein multiple heating coils are installed inside one temperature control plate, and multiple semiconductor cooling chips are installed inside another temperature control plate; a fixed steel barrel, wherein the fixed steel barrel is installed inside the fixed box, wherein multiple elastic retainers are installed inside the fixed box, the retainers engage with the inside of the fixed steel barrel, and a set of sieves for soil sieving is installed inside the fixed steel barrel; the sets of sieves engage with each other, a screen is installed inside the bottom end of each set of sieves, and the top of the uppermost set of sieves engages with the top of the other set of sieves. The cover has an elastic compression pad installed at its bottom end, and the compression pad abuts against the top surface of the sieve cover. The bottom surface of the lowest sieve is fitted with a screen and multiple fixing rods. The inner bottom surface of the fixing steel barrel has a groove, and the fixing rods engage with the groove. Except for the lowest sieve, all other sieves are slidably connected to a connecting ring. The inside of the connecting ring is fitted with a screen with arc-shaped sidewalls. A discharge pipe is installed at the center of the screen, and the discharge pipe is threadedly connected to a screw plug. Multiple second connecting rods are installed inside the sieve, and the interior of each second connecting rod is slidably connected to a first connecting rod. The first connecting rod is fixedly connected to the sidewall of the connecting ring. A telescopic spring is installed inside each second connecting rod, and the telescopic spring is connected to the top of the first connecting rod.

[0007] Preferably, the top of the fixed box is rotatably connected to a box cover, and a sealing gasket is installed inside the box cover. The sealing gasket engages with the fixed box, and the cross-section of the sealing gasket is concave.

[0008] Preferably, a fixing knob is rotatably connected to the side wall of the box cover, and grooves are provided inside both the box cover and the fixing box; a fixing rod is fixedly connected inside the fixing box, and a hook is installed on the side wall of the fixing knob, the hook engaging the fixing rod.

[0009] Preferably, the hook is rotatably connected inside the groove, and the fixing rod is located in the groove at the top of the fixing box.

[0010] Preferably, a support mechanism is installed between the base and the fixed box. The support mechanism includes support springs, with the two ends of a plurality of support springs respectively connected to the top surface of the base and the bottom surface of the fixed box. A support rod is rotatably connected to the surface of the base, and the support rod with a "V"-shaped sidewall abuts against the bottom surface of the fixed box. A limiting rod is fixedly connected to the sidewall of the support rod, and the limiting rod abuts against the surface of the base.

[0011] Preferably, the bottom end of the fixed steel barrel is equipped with multiple fixing rings, and the inside of the card seat is equipped with multiple elastic protrusions, which engage with the inside of the fixing rings; the top end of the fixed steel barrel is threadedly connected to the barrel cover, and the surface of the barrel cover is equipped with a funnel-shaped rubber pad, which abuts against the side wall of the barrel cover.

[0012] Preferably, the sidewalls of the sieve cover and the lowest sieve are symmetrically designed with "V"-shaped clamping plates, and the internal clamping plates have snap-fit ​​buckles, with elastic bands installed between the buckles.

[0013] Preferably, the mesh size of the multiple screens gradually increases along the direction of the screen towards the screen cover, and the spacing between adjacent screens and the height of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod gradually increase along the direction of the screen cover towards the fixing rod.

[0014] Compared with related technologies, the multi-purpose soil sieving instrument provided by this invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] This invention provides a multi-purpose soil sieving instrument. During soil sieving, six vibrating hydraulic rods work together to drive the fixed box to vibrate up and down, left and right, and back and forth, enabling the fixed box to adopt a three-dimensional vibration mode during sieving. This effectively avoids problems such as clogging of the sieve holes and improves sieving efficiency. Furthermore, due to the three-dimensional vibration, it can be used not only for sieving aggregates but also for grouping soil organic carbon (particulate and mineral-bound states, etc.), thus having a wider range of applications compared to existing devices. During sieving, the sleeve sieve is installed inside the fixed steel barrel. The compression pad inside the fixed steel barrel abuts against the surface of the sleeve sieve cover, and the fixing rod below the sleeve sieve engages with the groove inside, thereby fixing the sleeve sieve to the fixed steel barrel. Inside the fixed steel drum, the sieve is designed to prevent it from shaking during the sieving process, ensuring the sample remains within the sieve for sieving. The screen surface is arc-shaped to increase the contact area between the soil and the screen. During sieve vibration, the connecting ring and the screen are slidably connected inside the sieve. Vibration causes the screen to move up and down, and the screen drives the first connecting rod to continuously slide up and down within the second connecting rod, compressing or stretching the telescopic spring. This causes the screen to slide continuously between the sieves. The mesh size of the multiple screens gradually increases from top to bottom as the soil passes through the screen. As you move downwards, smaller soil particles are more easily dispersed into the water by the vibrating sieve. The spacing between adjacent sieves and the height of the first and second connecting rods gradually increase along the sieve cover towards the fixed rod. The spring coefficient of the telescopic spring also gradually increases from top to bottom, thus increasing the vertical movement amplitude of the sieve within the sieve and consequently increasing the vibration amplitude. This facilitates the passage of smaller soil particles through the sieve, accelerating the screening process. Furthermore, as you move downwards, smaller soil particles are more easily dispersed into the water by the vibrating sieve. The spacing between the sieves also gradually increases from top to bottom, and the distance the soil particles travel between two sieves gradually increases from top to bottom. This increases the likelihood of smaller soil particles being dispersed into the water. The larger the spacing, the less likely the screened soil will be to be vibrated and move upwards through the screen, thus reasonably adjusting the movement spacing of soil particles of different sizes, facilitating soil deposition on the prefabricated corresponding screen surface; the temperature control plates are symmetrically installed on the side walls of the fixed box, with multiple heating coils installed inside one temperature control plate and multiple semiconductor cooling chips installed inside the other temperature control plate. By controlling the number of heating coils in operation, the heating rate inside the fixed box is controlled, and by controlling the number of single-conductor cooling chips in operation, the cooling efficiency inside the fixed box is controlled. This allows for precise temperature control during aggregate particle size classification or organic carbon physical grouping, thereby reducing the impact of temperature-sensitive active substances and microorganisms in the soil;Furthermore, this device, despite its small size, can also function as a shaking table when necessary, allowing one machine to handle the measurement of multiple soil-related parameters. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the multi-purpose soil sieving instrument provided by the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the internal structure of the box.

[0018] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The diagram shows an enlarged view of the structure at point A.

[0019] Figure 4 for Figure 2 The diagram shows the internal structure of the fixed steel drum.

[0020] Figure 5 for Figure 2 The top view of the box cover structure shown;

[0021] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Top view of the internal structure of the fixed knob shown;

[0022] Figure 7 for Figure 5 The diagram shows the structure of the temperature control board.

[0023] Figure 8 for Figure 5 The diagram shows the structure of the temperature control board.

[0024] Figure 9 for Figure 4 The diagram shows an enlarged view of the structure at point B.

[0025] Figure 10 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a top view of the internal structure of the fixed box.

[0026] Figure 11 for Figure 2 The diagram shows the structure of the swaying hydraulic rod.

[0027] The diagram is labeled as follows: 1. Base, 2. Fixed box, 21. Box cover, 22. Sealing gasket, 3. Support mechanism, 31. Support spring, 32. Limiting rod, 33. Support rod, 4. Shaking hydraulic rod, 41. Universal joint, 5. Fixed knob, 51. Hook, 52. Fixed rod, 53. Groove, 6. Fixed steel barrel, 61. Cylinder cover, 62. Card seat, 63. Rubber pad, 64. Fixed ring, 65. Protrusion, 66. Compression pad, 67. Water level line, 7. Screen sleeve, 71. Screen mesh, 72. Screen sleeve cover, 73. Card plate, 74. Elastic band, 75. Buckle, 76. Fixed rod, 77. Card slot, 78. Connecting ring, 79. First connecting rod, 710. Second connecting rod, 711. Telescopic spring, 712. Discharge pipe, 713. Screw plug, 8. Temperature control board, 81. Heating coil, 82. Semiconductor cooling chip. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0029] Please refer to the following: Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 ,in Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the multi-purpose soil sieving instrument provided by the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the internal structure of the box. Figure 3 for Figure 2 The diagram shows an enlarged view of the structure at point A.

[0030] Figure 4 for Figure 2 The diagram shows the internal structure of the fixed steel drum. Figure 5 for Figure 2 The top view of the box cover structure shown; Figure 6 for Figure 5 Top view of the internal structure of the fixed knob shown; Figure 7 for Figure 5 The diagram shows the structure of the temperature control board. Figure 8 for Figure 5 The diagram shows the structure of the temperature control board. Figure 9 for Figure 4 The diagram shows an enlarged view of the structure at point B. Figure 10 for Figure 1 The image shows a top view of the internal structure of the fixed box. Figure 11 for Figure 2The diagram shows a schematic of the swaying hydraulic rod structure. A multi-purpose soil sieving instrument includes: a base 1, inside which multiple swaying hydraulic rods 4 are installed. The two ends of each swaying hydraulic rod 4 are connected to the bottom of the base 1 and the bottom surface of a fixed box 2 via universal joints 41. The swaying hydraulic rods 4 are connected to the fixed box 2 from six different directions (as shown in the attached diagram). Figure 11 As shown, during the soil screening process, the six swaying hydraulic rods 4 work together to drive the fixed box 2 to sway up and down, left and right, and back and forth, so that the fixed box 2 adopts a three-dimensional vibration mode during the screening process, which effectively avoids problems such as clogging of the screen holes and improves screening efficiency. Moreover, since it is a three-dimensional vibration, in addition to being used for screening aggregates, it can also be used for the physical grouping of soil organic carbon, so it has a wider range of applications than existing devices.

[0031] Temperature control plates 8 are symmetrically installed on the side walls of the fixed box 2. Multiple heating coils 81 are installed inside one temperature control plate 8, and multiple semiconductor cooling chips 82 are installed inside the other temperature control plate 8. Since the machine generates heat during operation, the cooling efficiency inside the fixed box 2 is controlled by controlling the number of single-conductor cooling chips 82 in operation during the screening process. The heating rate inside the fixed box 2 is controlled by controlling the number of heating coils 81 in operation. This allows for precise temperature control during soil aggregate grading or organic carbon grouping, thereby reducing the impact of temperature-sensitive active substances and microorganisms in the soil.

[0032] A fixed steel drum 6 is installed inside the fixed box 2. Multiple flexible retaining seats 62 are installed inside the fixed box 2, and these retaining seats 62 engage with the interior of the fixed steel drum 6. The retaining seats 62 are distributed inside the fixed box 2 as shown in the attached figure. Figure 10 As shown, the fixed steel barrel 6 is not installed at the center of the fixed box 2 to avoid affecting soil grading due to the small vibration amplitude at the center of the fixed box 2.

[0033] The fixed steel drum 6 has a sieve 7 installed inside for soil screening; multiple fixing rings 64 are installed at the bottom of the fixed steel drum 6, and multiple elastic protrusions 65 are installed inside the mounting base 62, with the protrusions 65 engaging with the fixing rings 64; the top of the fixed steel drum 6 is threadedly connected to the cover 61, and a funnel-shaped rubber pad 63 is installed on the surface of the cover 21, with the rubber pad 63 abutting against the side wall of the cover 61; when the fixed steel drum 6 is placed inside the mounting base 62, the fixing rings 64 slide across the side wall of the protrusions 65, and the protrusions 65 engage with the side wall of the fixing rings 64, increasing the stability of the fixed steel drum 6 inside the mounting base 62; when the cover 21 engages with the fixed box 2, the funnel-shaped rubber pad 63 on the side wall of the cover 21 abuts against the side wall of the cover 61, fixing the fixed steel drum 6 inside the fixed box 2 and preventing the fixed steel drum 6 from shifting inside the fixed box 2.

[0034] The sieve sets 7 interlock with each other. The sieve cover 72 and the side wall of the lowest sieve set 7 are both symmetrically fitted with "V"-shaped clamping plates 73. The internal clamping plates 73 have snap-fit ​​buckles 75. Elastic bands 74 are installed between the snap-fit ​​buckles 75. After the sieve sets 7 interlock with each other, the top of the sieve set 7 is closed with the sieve cover 72. The snap-fit ​​buckles 75 hook the clamping plates 73. The elastic bands 74 between the snap-fit ​​buckles 75 contract to fix the sieve cover 72 to the side wall of the sieve set 7 and fix the sieve sets 7 together.

[0035] The bottom of each of the sieve sets 7 has a screen 71 installed inside, and the top of the uppermost sieve set 7 is engaged with a sieve cover 72. A compression pad 66 with elasticity is installed at the bottom of the cylinder cover 61, and the compression pad 66 abuts against the top surface of the sieve cover 72. A screen 71 and multiple fixing rods 76 are installed on the bottom surface of the lowermost sieve set 7. A groove 77 is provided on the inner bottom surface of the fixing steel cylinder 6, and the fixing rods 76 engage with the inside of the groove 77. Except for the lowermost sieve set 7, all other sieve sets 7 are slidably connected to a connecting ring 78. A screen 71 with an arc-shaped sidewall is installed inside the connecting ring 78. Multiple second connecting rods 710 are installed inside the sieve set 7, and the interior of the second connecting rods 710 is slidably connected to a first connecting rod 79. The first connecting rod 79 is fixedly connected to the sidewall of the connecting ring 78. A telescopic spring 711 is installed inside the second connecting rod 710, and the telescopic spring 711 is connected to the top of the first connecting rod 79. The surface of the screen 71 is arc-shaped, increasing the contact area between the soil and the screen 71. During the vibration of the sieve 7, the connecting ring 78 and the screen 71 are slidably connected inside the sieve 2. When the sieve 7 vibrates, it drives the screen 71 to move up and down. The screen 71 drives the first connecting rod 79 to continuously slide up and down inside the second connecting rod 710, compressing or stretching the telescopic spring 711. The telescopic spring 711 causes the screen 71 to continuously slide up and down between the sieves 7. The mesh size of the multiple screens 71 gradually increases along the direction of the screen 71 towards the sieve cover 72. As the soil passes through the screen 71, the soil particle size gradually decreases from top to bottom. The smaller the soil particle size, the easier it is for the vibrating sieve 7 to disperse into the water. The spacing between adjacent screens 71, the first connecting rod 79, and the second connecting rod 710 all contribute to this. The height of the connecting rod 710 gradually increases along the screen cover 72 towards the fixed rod 76, and the spring coefficient of the telescopic spring 711 gradually increases from top to bottom. This causes the vertical movement amplitude of the screen 71 inside the screen 7 to gradually increase from top to bottom, thereby increasing the vibration amplitude of the screen 71. This facilitates the passage of small-sized soil particles through the screen 71, accelerating the screening effect. The lower the screen, the easier it is for the smaller-sized soil particles to be dispersed into the water by the vibrating screen 7. The spacing between the screens 71 also gradually increases from top to bottom. The movement distance of soil particles between two screens 71 gradually increases from top to bottom. The smaller the soil particle size, the greater the spacing in the water. This prevents the screened soil from being vibrated and then moving upwards through the screen 71. This allows for reasonable adjustment of the movement spacing of soil particles of different sizes, facilitating soil deposition on the surface of the prefabricated corresponding screen 71.

[0036] The discharge pipe 712 is installed in the center of the inside of the screen 71, and the discharge pipe 712 is threadedly connected to the screw plug 713. After screening is completed, the screw plug 713 inside the discharge pipe 712 is removed, and the discharge pipe 712 is opened so that the soil remaining on the surface of the screen 71 is discharged through the discharge pipe 712 for easy collection.

[0037] The top of the fixed box 2 is rotatably connected to a box cover 21. A sealing gasket 22 is installed inside the box cover 21, and the sealing gasket 22 engages with the fixed box 2. The sealing gasket 22 has a concave cross-section. A fixing knob 5 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the box cover 21. Both the box cover 21 and the fixed box 2 have grooves 53 inside. A fixing rod 52 is fixedly connected inside the fixed box 2. A hook 51 is installed on the side wall of the fixing knob 5, and the hook 51 engages with the fixing rod 52. The hook 51 is rotatably connected inside the groove 53, and the fixing rod 52 is located in the groove 53 at the top of the fixed box 2. When When the lid 21 is closed with the fixed box 2, the fixing knob 5 is rotated. The fixing knob 5 drives the hook 51 to rotate inside the groove 53, so that the hook 51 engages with the fixing rod 52. When the lid 21 is closed with the fixed box 2, the sealing gasket 22 is squeezed. The sealing gasket 22 squeezes the lid 21 upward in the opposite direction, pushing the lid 21, the fixing knob 5 and the hook 51 to move upward. This causes the hook 51 to squeeze the fixing rod 52 upward, preventing the hook 51 from easily separating from the fixing rod 52, thereby fixing the lid 21 to the surface of the fixed box 2.

[0038] A support mechanism 3 is installed between the base 1 and the fixed box 2. The support mechanism 3 includes support springs 31, with both ends of the support springs 31 connected to the top surface of the base 1 and the bottom surface of the fixed box 2, respectively. A support rod 33 is rotatably connected to the surface of the base 1, and the support rod 33, with its sidewall in a "V" shape, abuts against the bottom surface of the fixed box 2. A limiting rod 32 is fixedly connected to the sidewall of the support rod 33, and the limiting rod 32 abuts against the surface of the base 1. When the fixed box 2 needs to vibrate, the support rod 33 is rotated to separate the support rod 33 from the fixed box 2, so that only the support springs 31 are between the base 1 and the fixed box 2, facilitating the vibration of the fixed box 2 by the shaking hydraulic rod 4. When the fixed box 2 needs to be fixed, the support rod 33 is rotated so that the limiting rod 32 on the sidewall of the support rod 33 abuts against the sidewall of the base 1, fixing the support rod 33 and making the support rod 33 abut against the bottom surface of the fixed box 2, providing support for the fixed box 2.

[0039] The working principle of the multi-purpose soil sieving instrument provided by this invention includes the following steps: The sieves 7 are interlocked, with the mesh size of the sieves 71 gradually increasing from bottom to top. The mesh sizes of the four sieves 71 are 2mm, 0.25mm, 0.053mm, and 0.002mm respectively from top to bottom; water is injected into the fixed water tank 6 to the water level line 67 inside the fixed water tank; the sieves 7 are placed inside the fixed water tank 6, and the fixing rod 76 engages with the slot 77, completely submerging the sieves 7; a soil sample is placed inside the uppermost sieve 7, and the sample is moistened with water; after moistening, the sieve cover 72 is used to engage the sieves 7, so that... The buckle 75 hooks onto the clamping plate 73, and the elastic band 74 between the buckles 75 contracts to fix the screen cover 72 to the side wall of the screen 7, thus fixing the screens 7 together. The cylindrical cover 61 is used to close the fixed steel barrel 6. The cylindrical cover 61 drives the elastic compression block 66 to squeeze the side wall of the screen cover 72, thereby fixing the screen 7 inside the fixed steel barrel 6 and preventing the screen 7 from shaking. The fixed steel barrel 6 is placed inside the clamping seat 62, and the fixing ring 64 slides over the side wall of the protrusion 65. The protrusion 65 engages with the side wall of the fixing ring 64, increasing the stability of the fixed steel barrel 6 inside the clamping seat 62. Then, the box cover 21 is clamped onto the fixed box 2. The funnel-shaped rubber pad 63 on the side wall of the box cover 21 abuts against the side wall of the cylindrical cover 61, fixing the fixed steel barrel 6 inside the fixed box 2 and preventing the fixed steel barrel 6 from shifting inside the fixed box 2. The cover 21 is closed and secured using a fixing knob 5. When the device is connected to an external power source and the shaking hydraulic rods 4 are turned on, during soil screening, the six shaking hydraulic rods 4 work together to drive the fixed box 2 to shake up and down, left and right, and back and forth. This allows the fixed box 2 to employ a three-dimensional vibration mode during screening, effectively avoiding problems such as clogging of the screen holes and improving screening efficiency. The two ends of each shaking hydraulic rod 4 are connected to the bottom of the base 1 and the bottom surface of the fixed box 2 respectively via universal joints 41, facilitating changes in the position of the shaking hydraulic rods 4 as they move the fixed box 2, and preventing clogging of the screen holes. The temperature control plates 8 are symmetrically installed on the side walls of the fixed box 2, with multiple heating coils 81 installed inside one temperature control plate 8 to heat the water, and multiple semiconductor cooling chips 82 installed inside the other temperature control plate 8 to cool the water. By controlling the number of heating coils 81 in operation, the heating rate inside the fixed box 2 is controlled, and by controlling the number of single-conductor cooling chips 82 in operation, the cooling efficiency inside the fixed box 2 is controlled. This allows for precise temperature control during grading or grouping, thereby reducing the impact of temperature-sensitive active substances and microorganisms in the soil.During the screening process of the vibrating sieve 7, the connecting ring 78 and the screen 71 are slidably connected inside the sieve 2. When the sieve 7 vibrates, it drives the screen 71 to move up and down. The screen 71 drives the first connecting rod 79 to slide up and down continuously inside the second connecting rod 710, compressing or stretching the telescopic spring 711. The telescopic spring 711 causes the screen 71 to slide up and down continuously between the sieves 7. The mesh size of the multiple screens 71 gradually increases along the direction of the screen 71 towards the sieve cover 72. As soil passes through the screen 71, the soil particle size gradually decreases from top to bottom. The smaller the soil particles, the easier they are to be dispersed into the water by the vibrating screen 7. The distance between adjacent screens 71, and the height of the first connecting rod 79 and the second connecting rod 710, gradually increase along the screen cover 72 towards the support net 76. Furthermore, the spring coefficient of the telescopic spring 711 gradually increases from top to bottom, thereby increasing the vertical movement amplitude of the screen 71 within the screen 7 and thus increasing the vibration amplitude of the screen 71. The spacing between the screens 71 gradually increases from top to bottom, allowing smaller soil particles to pass through the screens 71 and accelerating the screening process. As the screens descend, smaller soil particles are more easily dispersed into the water by the vibrating screens 71. The distance between soil particles moving between two screens 71 also gradually increases from top to bottom. Smaller soil particles have a larger distance in the water, preventing the screened soil from being vibrated and then moving upwards through the screens 71. This allows for reasonable adjustment of the movement distance between soil particles of different sizes, facilitating soil deposition on the corresponding pre-made screen surfaces 71. The bottom layer has a sieve aperture of 0.002 mm. Soil aggregates with a particle size smaller than 0.002 mm pass through the sieve 71 and fall into the fixed steel barrel 6. The soil sieved by the sieve 71 is divided into soil aggregates of different particle sizes, specifically >2 mm, 0.25-200 mm, 0.053-0.25 mm, 0.002-0.053 mm, and <0.002 mm. The physicochemical and biological properties of soil aggregates of different particle sizes are analyzed to explain the material cycle and energy flow processes of soil at different spatial scales. When the physical grouping of soil organic carbon is required, the soil organic carbon is placed inside the sieve 7 and sieved in the same way as described above. Specifically, it can be divided into closed and free organic carbon in whole soil and aggregates of different particle sizes, as well as particulate and mineral-bound organic carbon components. By analyzing the different organic carbon components, the composition and stability of the soil carbon pool can be explained.

[0040] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of the present invention specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-purpose soil sieving instrument, characterized in that: include: A base (1), wherein a plurality of shaking hydraulic rods (4) are installed inside the base (1), and two ends of the shaking hydraulic rods (4) are respectively connected to the bottom end of the base (1) and the bottom surface of the fixed box (2) through universal joints (41); A temperature control plate (8), the temperature control plates (8) being symmetrically mounted on the side walls of the fixed box (2), a plurality of heating coils (81) being mounted inside one temperature control plate (8), and a plurality of semiconductor cooling sheets (82) being mounted inside another temperature control plate (8); A fixed steel barrel (6), the fixed steel barrel (6) being installed inside the fixed box (2), a plurality of elastic holders (62) being installed inside the fixed box (2), the holders (62) being engaged with the inside of the fixed steel barrel (6), and a set screen (7) for screening soil being installed inside the fixed steel barrel (6); The sieves (7) are engaged with each other, a screen (71) is installed inside the bottom end of the sieve (7), and the top end of the top sieve (7) is engaged with the sieve cover (72); a compression pad (66) with elasticity is installed at the bottom end of the cylinder cover (61), and the compression pad (66) contacts the top surface of the sieve cover (72); a screen (71) and a plurality of fixing rods (76) are installed on the bottom surface of the bottom sieve (7), and a slot (77) is provided on the inner bottom surface of the fixed steel barrel (6), and the fixing rod (76) is engaged with the inside of the slot (77); except for the bottom sieve (7), the other sieves (7) are slidably connected. A connecting ring (78) is provided inside the connecting ring (78), a screen (71) with an arc-shaped side wall is installed, a discharge pipe (712) is installed at the center of the screen (71), and the discharge pipe (712) is threadedly connected to a screw plug (713); a plurality of second connecting rods (710) are installed inside the screen cover (7), the inside of the second connecting rod (710) is slidably connected to the first connecting rod (79), and the first connecting rod (79) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the connecting ring (78); a telescopic spring (711) is installed inside the second connecting rod (710), and the telescopic spring (711) is connected to the top of the first connecting rod (79).

2. The multi-purpose soil sieving device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top end of the fixed box (2) is rotatably connected to a box cover (21), a sealing gasket (22) is installed inside the box cover (21), the sealing gasket (22) is engaged with the fixed box (2), and the cross section of the sealing gasket (22) is concave.

3. The multi-purpose soil sieving device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The side wall of the box cover (21) is rotatably connected to a fixed knob (5), and grooves (53) are provided inside the box cover (21) and the fixed box (2); the inside of the fixed box (2) is fixedly connected to a fixed rod (52), and a hook (51) is installed on the side wall of the fixed knob (5), and the hook (51) is engaged with the fixed rod (52).

4. The multi-purpose soil sieving device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inside of the groove (53) is rotatably connected to the hook (51), and the fixing rod (52) is located in the groove (53) at the top of the fixing box (2).

5. The multi-purpose soil sieving device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support mechanism (3) is installed between the base (1) and the fixed box (2), and the support mechanism (3) comprises a support spring (31), the two ends of a plurality of the support springs (31) are respectively connected to the top surface of the base (1) and the bottom surface of the fixed box (2), the surface of the base (1) is rotatably connected to a support rod (33), and the support rod (33) with a "V"-shaped side wall contacts the bottom surface of the fixed box (2); the side wall of the support rod (33) is fixedly connected to a limiting rod (32), and the limiting rod (32) contacts the surface of the base (1).

6. The multi-purpose soil sieving device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of fixing rings (64) are installed at the bottom end of the fixed steel barrel (6), and a plurality of specific elastic protrusions (65) are installed inside the clamping seat (62), and the protrusions (65) are engaged with the inside of the fixing rings (64); the top end of the fixed steel barrel (6) is threadedly connected to the cylinder cover (61), and a funnel-shaped rubber pad (63) is installed on the surface of the box cover (21), and the rubber pad (63) contacts the side wall of the cylinder cover (61).

7. The multi-purpose soil sieving device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side walls of the screen cover (72) and the bottom screen cover (7) are both symmetrically provided with a V-shaped clamping plate (73), the inside of the clamping plate (73) is engaged with a clamping buckle (75), and an elastic elastic band (74) is installed between the clamping buckles (75).

8. The multi-purpose soil sieving device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The mesh sizes of the plurality of sieves (71) gradually increase along the sieves (71) toward the sieve cover (72), and the spacing between adjacent sieves (71) and the heights of the first connecting rod (79) and the second connecting rod (710) gradually increase along the sieve cover (72) toward the fixing rod (76).

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