Self-adaptive quick-change clamp for machining blade parts made of ceramic matrix composites

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of machining, and particularly relates to a self-adaptive quick-change clamp for machining blade parts made of ceramic matrix composites. According to the technical scheme, the device comprises a square frame, a lead screw driving mechanism, an upper telescopic hydraulic supporting column module and a lower telescopic hydraulic supporting column module, and the upper telescopic hydraulic supporting column module is connected with vertical frames on the two sides of the square frame in a sliding fit mode; the lead screw driving mechanism is arranged in one vertical frame and used for driving the upper telescopic hydraulic supporting column module to move up and down. The lower telescopic hydraulic supporting column module is fixedly arranged on a bottom frame of the square frame, and the ceramic matrix composite blade type part is clamped between the upper telescopic hydraulic supporting column module and the lower telescopic hydraulic supporting column module. Accurate positioning of complex curved surface shapes can be achieved, the clamping effect is ensured, the machining precision of CMC composite material blade parts is met, the machining efficiency of products can be improved, the manufacturing period of a forming die is shortened, and the production cost of the forming die is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical processing, and in particular relates to an adaptive quick-change fixture for processing ceramic-based composite material blade parts. Background Art

[0002] Ceramic-based composite blade parts (i.e. CMC composite blade parts) have complex curved surfaces to be processed. In current actual production, they are generally clamped and processed by designing forming molds. CMC composite blade parts have poor rigidity and are prone to large deformation during clamping and processing. The conventional single-sided positioning principle can no longer meet the clamping needs of such parts, and traditional process equipment cannot meet the high-efficiency and high-precision production requirements of such parts. CMC composite blade parts have complex surfaces, and the contouring device used for clamping is difficult to manufacture. The design method of this fixture has a long preparation cycle, high manufacturing cost, and difficult measurement, which easily leads to waste of resources. Since CMC composite specimens are expensive, the requirements for processing quality cannot be neglected. Therefore, how to locate complex spatial surfaces is an urgent problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention provides an adaptive quick-change fixture for machining ceramic-based composite blade parts, which can achieve accurate positioning of complex curved surface shapes, ensure the clamping effect, meet the machining accuracy of CMC composite blade parts, and also improve the machining efficiency of the product and reduce the manufacturing cycle and production cost of the forming mold.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0005] An adaptive quick-change fixture for processing ceramic-based composite blade-like parts comprises a square frame, a screw drive mechanism, an upper telescopic hydraulic support column module and a lower telescopic hydraulic support column module. The upper telescopic hydraulic support column module is slidably connected to the vertical frames on both sides of the square frame. The screw drive mechanism is arranged in one of the vertical frames to drive the upper telescopic hydraulic support column module to move up and down; the lower telescopic hydraulic support column module is fixedly arranged on the bottom frame of the square frame, and the ceramic-based composite blade-like parts are clamped between the upper telescopic hydraulic support column module and the lower telescopic hydraulic support column module.

[0006] Furthermore, the adaptive quick-change fixture for processing ceramic-based composite blade-like parts, the upper retractable hydraulic support column module and the lower retractable hydraulic support column module are both composed of a module base and a plurality of retractable hydraulic support columns, the retractable hydraulic support columns are arranged on the module base in a linear dot matrix distribution manner, and each retractable hydraulic support column is provided with an independent hydraulic pump to provide hydraulic pressure; the retractable hydraulic support column adaptively retracts and contracts according to the shape of the curved surface of the ceramic-based composite blade-like parts to fit them and then automatically locks the current position.

[0007] Furthermore, the adaptive quick-change fixture for machining ceramic-based composite blade parts, the upper retractable hydraulic support column module and the lower retractable hydraulic support column module both include 58 retractable hydraulic support columns, and the retractable hydraulic support columns are Hydraulic column.

[0008] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0009] 1. The present invention adopts a discrete method to discretize the profiling surface into points, and replaces these discrete points with retractable hydraulic support columns. The advantages of high controllability and good adaptability of the retractable hydraulic support columns are utilized to realize contacting parts in a linear dot matrix manner, thereby achieving the purpose of profiling and clamping the parts.

[0010] 2. The present invention adopts adaptive clamping technology and multiple retractable hydraulic support columns with adjustable lengths. By adjusting the height of each retractable hydraulic support column, a curved surface with the same shape as the clamped curved surface is fitted, and the constructed spatial curved surface is completely fitted with the surface to be processed of the part, constraining the three degrees of freedom of the complex curved surface. The adaptive tooling has strong versatility and can be applied to the clamping and positioning of spatial curved surface parts with similar structures.

[0011] 3. The installation and disassembly of parts are all carried out on the fixture. The reference surface of the fixture fits the parts better, and quick clamping and disassembly can be achieved without moving the fixture.

[0012] 4. The positioning of parts is converted from point positioning to surface positioning. The position of parts in space is determined by the entire curved surface composed of the upper retractable hydraulic support column module and the lower retractable hydraulic support column module. The entire process of positioning, supporting and clamping can be completed at one time through the support of the surface, which has higher stability and can ensure processing accuracy.

[0013] 5. There are no other devices around the fixture, leaving enough space for measurement, making measurement more convenient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the use of an adaptive quick-change fixture for machining ceramic-based composite blade parts;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the adaptive positioning of the retractable hydraulic support column of the lower retractable hydraulic support column module to ceramic-based composite material blade-like parts. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, an adaptive quick-change fixture for processing ceramic-based composite blade-like parts comprises a square frame 1, a screw drive mechanism, an upper telescopic hydraulic support column module 2 and a lower telescopic hydraulic support column module 3. The upper telescopic hydraulic support column module 2 is slidably connected to the vertical frames on both sides of the square frame 1, and the screw drive mechanism is arranged in one of the vertical frames to drive the upper telescopic hydraulic support column module 2 to move up and down; the lower telescopic hydraulic support column module 3 is fixedly arranged on the bottom frame of the square frame 1, and the ceramic-based composite blade-like parts 5 are clamped between the upper telescopic hydraulic support column module 2 and the lower telescopic hydraulic support column module 3.

[0017] The upper retractable hydraulic support column module 2 and the lower retractable hydraulic support column module 3 are both composed of a module base and 58 The retractable hydraulic support column 4 is composed of a retractable hydraulic support column 4, which is arranged on the module base in a linear dot matrix distribution manner, and each retractable hydraulic support column 4 is provided with an independent hydraulic pump to provide hydraulic pressure; the retractable hydraulic support column 4 can adaptively retract and fit the shape of the surface of the ceramic-based composite material blade-like part and then automatically lock the current position.

[0018] The working process is as follows:

[0019] Step 1: Install the adaptive quick-change fixture on the machine tool workbench and align it by dialing;

[0020] Step 2: Lay the ceramic-based composite blade-like parts 5 between the upper retractable hydraulic support column module 2 and the lower retractable hydraulic support column module 3;

[0021] Step 3: The screw drive mechanism drives the upper retractable hydraulic support column module 2 to move downward.

[0022] Close to ceramic matrix composite blade parts 5;

[0023] Step 4: Adjust the retractable hydraulic support column 4 of the upper retractable hydraulic support column module 2 and the lower retractable hydraulic support column module 3 to adaptively clamp the ceramic matrix composite blade-like parts 5;

[0024] Step 5: Lock the screw drive mechanism to achieve the clamping and positioning of the blade body of the ceramic matrix composite material blade part 5.

Claims

1. An adaptive quick-change fixture for machining ceramic-based composite blade parts, characterized in that: It includes a square frame, a screw drive mechanism, an upper telescopic hydraulic support column module and a lower telescopic hydraulic support column module. The upper telescopic hydraulic support column module is slidably connected to the vertical frames on both sides of the square frame. The screw drive mechanism is arranged in one of the vertical frames to drive the upper telescopic hydraulic support column module to move up and down; the lower telescopic hydraulic support column module is fixedly arranged on the bottom frame of the square frame, and ceramic-based composite material blade parts are clamped between the upper telescopic hydraulic support column module and the lower telescopic hydraulic support column module.

2. The adaptive quick-change fixture for machining ceramic matrix composite blade parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper retractable hydraulic support column module and the lower retractable hydraulic support column module are both composed of a module base and a plurality of retractable hydraulic support columns. The retractable hydraulic support columns are arranged on the module base in a linear dot matrix distribution manner. Each retractable hydraulic support column is provided with an independent hydraulic pump to provide hydraulic pressure. The retractable hydraulic support column adaptively retracts and contracts according to the shape of the curved surface of the ceramic-based composite material blade-like parts, and then automatically locks the current position after fitting to the shape.

3. The adaptive quick-change fixture for machining ceramic matrix composite blade parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper retractable hydraulic support column module and the lower retractable hydraulic support column module each include 58 retractable hydraulic support columns. Hydraulic column.

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