Iron-based TiC ceramic composite alloy powder for laser cladding

Abstract

The invention relates to iron-based TiC ceramic composite alloy powder for laser cladding, which comprises 40-60% of Fe-based alloy powder and 40-60% of TiC, the particle size of the alloy powder is 53-150 [mu] m, and the TiC is non-spherical hard particle powder with the particle size of 53-150 [mu] m. According to the iron-based TiC ceramic composite alloy powder for laser cladding, a laser cladding layer has high abrasion resistance and certain corrosion resistance, the material cost is low, and the laser cladding layer which is free of cracks or has few cracks and is smooth and attractive in surface can be obtained under the conditions of no preheating and after-heating.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of laser cladding powder, and in particular to an iron-based TiC ceramic composite alloy powder for laser cladding. Background Art

[0002] Laser cladding technology is an advanced laser additive manufacturing technology; laser cladding refers to pre-placing powder on the surface of the base material in a certain way and then melting it by laser; or using an automatic powder feeder to transport the powder to be clad to the laser molten pool on the surface of the substrate, and after laser melting, it is fused with the surface of the substrate to form a low-dilution surface cladding layer that is metallurgically bonded to the substrate; compared with traditional surface coating technologies, such as conventional surfacing, flame spraying and plasma spraying and other thermal processing technologies as well as electroplating, brush plating and other technologies, laser cladding technology has the advantages of firm bonding between the coating and the substrate, low dilution rate of the cladding layer components, small thermal deformation of the workpiece and fine grains of the cladding layer; laser cladding technology has developed rapidly in recent years.

[0003] Laser cladding technology is currently used on the surface of parts to improve the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the parts. In order to significantly improve the surface performance, especially the wear resistance, the materials currently used for laser cladding are mostly nickel-based alloy powder + tungsten carbide powder (i.e. Ni-based alloy powder + WC powder). The reason for using nickel-based alloy instead of iron-based alloy as tungsten carbide hard particle binder is that nickel-based alloy and tungsten carbide have good fusion properties, and a laser cladding layer with no cracks or fewer cracks can be obtained. If iron-based alloy is used as tungsten carbide hard particle binder, the obtained laser cladding layer has a higher crack rate, which makes it easy to separate from the part matrix during the laser cladding process, resulting in part failure. The main disadvantage of using nickel-based alloy powder + tungsten carbide powder for laser cladding is that nickel-based alloy and tungsten carbide are both precious alloys, which makes the material cost of laser cladding high, which to some extent hinders the widespread application of laser cladding technology. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an iron-based TiC ceramic composite alloy powder for laser cladding, so that the laser cladding layer has high wear resistance and certain corrosion resistance, and the material cost is low. Under the conditions of no preheating and post-heating, a laser cladding layer with no cracks or very few cracks and a smooth and beautiful surface can be obtained.

[0005] In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an iron-based TiC ceramic composite alloy powder for laser cladding, comprising 40-60% of Fe-based alloy powder and 40-60% of TiC, the particle size of the alloy powder is 53-150 μm, and the TiC is a non-spherical hard particle powder with a particle size of 53-150 μm.

[0006] Preferably, the mass percentage of the iron-based alloy powder is: 0.04-0.10% carbon (C); 16-18% chromium (Cr); 0.5-0.99% boron (B); 0.4-0.99% silicon (Si); and the remainder is iron (Fe), and the sum of their weights is 100%.

[0007] Preferably, the method for preparing the iron-based TiC ceramic composite alloy powder comprises the following steps: Step 1: obtaining iron-based alloy powder by induction heating atomization powder making; Step 2: Mechanically mix the iron-based alloy powder obtained in step 1 and the non-spherical titanium carbide hard particle powder with a particle size of 53-150 μm uniformly according to mass percentage to obtain an iron-based TiC ceramic composite alloy powder.

[0008] The powder obtained by the above method is laser clad under the action of protective gas (argon or nitrogen) to obtain a laser clad wear-resistant coating with no cracks or very few cracks.

[0009] Preferably, the induction heating atomization powder making in step one is to mix industrial pure iron, ferroboron, ferrosilicon and micro-carbon ferrochrome according to mass percentage, and then heat and melt them into an alloy melt in an induction heating furnace, and then use gas atomization or water atomization to convert the alloy melt into iron-based alloy powder, and then sieve it to obtain an alloy powder with a particle size of 53-150μm.

[0010] Titanium carbide has high melting point, boiling point and hardness, and its hardness is second only to diamond. Currently, titanium carbide is often used to manufacture metal ceramics, cemented carbide, heat-resistant alloys and wear-resistant materials. Compared with the hard and wear-resistant material tungsten carbide, titanium carbide has two important advantages: (1) non-spherical titanium carbide is cheap, less than 1 / 2 of the price of non-spherical tungsten carbide; (2) titanium carbide has good fusion properties with cheap iron-based alloys; the price of iron-based alloys is only about 1 / 5 of the price of nickel-based alloys, which makes the cost of laser cladding using iron-based alloy powder + non-spherical titanium carbide powder significantly lower than the cost of using nickel-based alloy powder + tungsten carbide powder, which is conducive to the widespread application of laser cladding wear-resistant coatings.

[0011] Due to the different difficulties of the manufacturing process, the cost of spherical hard particles is much higher than that of non-spherical hard particles. At present, the market price of non-spherical TiC is about 130 yuan / kg, while the market price of spherical TiC exceeds 600 yuan / kg. This application adopts non-spherical TiC hard particle powder with a particle size of 53-150μm, which has low cost and good fusion with iron-based alloy powder. After forming a laser cladding wear-resistant coating, it has good wear resistance and certain corrosion resistance.

[0012] The design of low carbon, low boron and low silicon is to ensure that the bonding metal iron-based alloy between the titanium carbide hard particles has good toughness, so that the laser cladding composite coating has no cracks or very few cracks. Of course, boron and silicon also play the role of lowering the melting point, improving the leveling and deoxidation slag of the coating. The higher content of chromium serves to improve the corrosion resistance of the coating, while the higher content of titanium carbide hard particles serves to improve the wear resistance of the coating.

[0013] Compared with the existing laser cladding wear-resistant coating materials (nickel-based alloy powder + tungsten carbide powder), the present invention (iron-based alloy powder + non-spherical titanium carbide powder) has the following advantages: since the cost of iron-based alloy is significantly lower than that of nickel-based alloy and the cost of non-spherical titanium carbide is significantly lower than that of non-spherical tungsten carbide, the cost of the present invention is significantly lower than that of existing products on the market, while the performance of the laser cladding wear-resistant coating (wear resistance and crack rate, etc.) is comparable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 This is the product morphology (spherical FeCrBSi alloy powder + non-spherical TiC powder). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The description in this part is only exemplary and explanatory and should not have any limiting effect on the protection scope of the present invention.

[0016] The following embodiments all use low-carbon, low-boron, low-silicon iron-based powders, and the mass percentages of the iron-based alloy powders are: 0.04-0.10% carbon (C); 16-18% chromium (Cr); 0.5-0.99% boron (B); 0.4-0.99% silicon (Si); and the remainder is iron (Fe), and the sum of their weights is 100%. Example 1

[0017] An iron-based TiC ceramic composite alloy powder for laser cladding comprises 40% of Fe-based alloy powder and 60% of TiC, wherein the particle size of the alloy powder is 53-150 μm, and the TiC is a hard particle powder with a non-spherical particle size of 53-150 μm.

[0018] The method for preparing iron-based TiC ceramic composite alloy powder comprises the following steps: Step 1: obtaining iron-based alloy powder by induction heating atomization powder making, that is, industrial pure iron, ferroboron, ferrosilicon and micro-carbon ferrochromium are mixed according to mass percentage, and then heated and melted into alloy melt in an induction heating furnace, and then the alloy melt is converted into iron-based alloy powder by gas atomization or water atomization, and then sieved to obtain an alloy powder with a particle size of 53-150 μm; Step 2: Mechanically mix the iron-based alloy powder obtained in step 1 and the non-spherical titanium carbide hard particle powder with a particle size of 53-150 μm uniformly according to mass percentage to obtain an iron-based TiC ceramic composite alloy powder.

[0019] The powder obtained by the above method is laser clad under the action of protective gas (argon or nitrogen) to obtain a laser clad wear-resistant coating with no cracks or very few cracks. Example 2

[0020] An iron-based TiC ceramic composite alloy powder for laser cladding comprises 50% of Fe-based alloy powder and 50% of TiC, wherein the particle size of the alloy powder is 53-150 μm, and the TiC is a hard particle powder with a non-spherical particle size of 53-150 μm.

[0021] The method for preparing iron-based TiC ceramic composite alloy powder comprises the following steps: Step 1: obtaining iron-based alloy powder by induction heating atomization powder making, that is, industrial pure iron, ferroboron, ferrosilicon and micro-carbon ferrochromium are mixed according to mass percentage, and then heated and melted into alloy melt in an induction heating furnace, and then the alloy melt is converted into iron-based alloy powder by gas atomization or water atomization, and then sieved to obtain an alloy powder with a particle size of 53-150 μm; Step 2: Mechanically mix the iron-based alloy powder obtained in step 1 and the non-spherical titanium carbide hard particle powder with a particle size of 53-150 μm uniformly according to mass percentage to obtain an iron-based TiC ceramic composite alloy powder.

[0022] The powder obtained by the above method is laser clad under the action of protective gas (argon or nitrogen) to obtain a laser clad wear-resistant coating with no cracks or very few cracks. Example 3

[0023] An iron-based TiC ceramic composite alloy powder for laser cladding comprises 60% of Fe-based alloy powder and 40% of TiC, wherein the particle size of the alloy powder is 53-150 μm, and the TiC is a hard particle powder with a non-spherical particle size of 53-150 μm.

[0024] The method for preparing iron-based TiC ceramic composite alloy powder comprises the following steps: Step 1: obtaining iron-based alloy powder by induction heating atomization powder making, that is, industrial pure iron, ferroboron, ferrosilicon and micro-carbon ferrochromium are mixed according to mass percentage, and then heated and melted into alloy melt in an induction heating furnace, and then the alloy melt is converted into iron-based alloy powder by gas atomization or water atomization, and then sieved to obtain an alloy powder with a particle size of 53-150 μm; Step 2: Mechanically mix the iron-based alloy powder obtained in step 1 and the non-spherical titanium carbide hard particle powder with a particle size of 53-150 μm uniformly according to mass percentage to obtain an iron-based TiC ceramic composite alloy powder.

[0025] The powder obtained by the above method is laser clad under the action of protective gas (argon or nitrogen) to obtain a laser clad wear-resistant coating with no cracks or very few cracks.

[0026] The cost and performance comparison between the present invention (FeCrBSi+non-spherical TiC) and the existing products on the market (NiCrBSi+WC) are shown in the following table:

[0027] It can be seen from the above table that the present invention has significantly reduced costs compared with existing products on the market while maintaining roughly equivalent main performance (coating wear resistance). The present invention can be widely used in the field of laser cladding wear-resistant coatings and is worthy of promotion.

[0028] It should be noted that, in this article, the terms "comprises", "includes" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or apparatus that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or apparatus.

[0029] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. The above is only a preferred implementation of the present invention. It should be pointed out that due to the limitations of textual expression and the objective existence of infinite specific structures, ordinary technicians in this technical field can make several improvements, modifications or changes without departing from the principles of the present invention, and can also combine the above technical features in an appropriate manner; these improvements, modifications, changes or combinations, or the direct application of the inventive concept and technical solution to other occasions without improvement, should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An iron-based TiC ceramic composite alloy powder for laser cladding, characterized in that: The invention comprises 40-60% of Fe-based alloy powder and 40-60% of TiC, wherein the particle size of the alloy powder is 53-150 μm, and the TiC is non-spherical hard particle powder with a particle size of 53-150 μm.

2. The iron-based TiC ceramic composite alloy powder for laser cladding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass percentages of the iron-based alloy powder are: 0.04-0.10% carbon (C); 16-18% chromium (Cr); 0.5-0.99% boron (B); 0.4-0.99% silicon (Si); and the balance is iron (Fe), and the sum of their weights is 100%.

3. The method for preparing an iron-based TiC ceramic composite alloy powder for laser cladding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: obtaining iron-based alloy powder by induction heating atomization powder making; Step 2: Mechanically mix the iron-based alloy powder obtained in step 1 and the non-spherical titanium carbide hard particle powder with a particle size of 53-150 μm uniformly according to mass percentage to obtain an iron-based TiC ceramic composite alloy powder.

4. The method for preparing an iron-based TiC ceramic composite alloy powder for laser cladding according to claim 3, characterized in that: The induction heating atomization powder making in step one is to mix industrial pure iron, ferroboron, ferrosilicon and micro-carbon ferrochrome according to mass percentage, and then heat and melt them into alloy melt in an induction heating furnace, and then use gas atomization or water atomization to turn the alloy melt into iron-based alloy powder, and then screen it. The particle size of the obtained alloy powder is 53-150μm.

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