Water electrolysis hydrogen production system based on jet cyclone separation and control method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of water electrolysis hydrogen production, and discloses a water electrolysis hydrogen production system based on injection cyclone separation and a control method.The system comprises an injection cyclone separation device and a water electrolysis hydrogen production main path, and the injection cyclone separation device comprises an injector and a hydrocyclone; a mixed fluid input end of the ejector is connected with an anode outlet end of an electrolytic cell in the water electrolysis hydrogen production main path, a suction fluid input end of the ejector is connected with a drainage end of a water storage tank in the electrolysis hydrogen production main path, and a mixed fluid output end of the ejector is connected with a mixed fluid input end of the hydrocyclone; the drainage end of the hydrocyclone is connected with the water replenishing end of a buffer water tank in the electrolytic hydrogen production main path; the spatial position of the ejector is lower than the water storage tank, and the spatial position of the hydrocyclone is higher than the buffer water tank. On one hand, the problem of poor cyclone separation effect caused by too low two-phase flow velocity at the outlet of the electrolytic cell can be solved, and on the other hand, water supplementation of the hydrogen production system is realized by utilizing negative pressure ejection generated when fluid at the outlet of the nozzle of the ejector flows at a high speed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of water electrolysis hydrogen production, and in particular to a water electrolysis hydrogen production system based on jet cyclone separation and a control method. Background Art

[0002] As a clean and safe way to obtain hydrogen, water electrolysis hydrogen production technology has been widely recognized and paid attention to by the society. In order to improve the market competitiveness and environmental adaptability of water electrolysis hydrogen production systems and reduce the storage cost of water electrolysis hydrogen production product gas, water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment has gradually developed towards skid-mounted, high-pressure and modularization. However, in the process of hydrogen production systems developing towards integration, the more critical link is to solve the gas-liquid separation and electrolysis cycle water replenishment. At present, the most commonly used method in the industry is to use a gravity-type gas-liquid separator to separate the gas from the electrolyzer and to use a diaphragm pump (or plunger pump) to replenish the hydrogen production system with raw water (referring to the water participating in the electrolysis cycle in the hydrogen production system, the same below). However, with the increase in the scale of hydrogen production and the operating pressure of the hydrogen production system, the defects of the above design are clearly revealed:

[0003] (1) The equipment is large in size, expensive, and occupies a large area, which is not conducive to system integration. Traditional gas-liquid separators use gravity sedimentation separation, which has a slow separation speed and low separation efficiency. As the scale of hydrogen production increases, the processing capacity of the gas-liquid separator is also increasing. In order to ensure the separation efficiency, the diameter and volume of the gas-liquid separator will usually become larger, which directly increases the equipment footprint and the difficulty of layout and installation, and also increases the manufacturing cost.

[0004] (2) The equipment has large vibration and high power consumption during operation, and the operation and maintenance costs are high. The diaphragm pump (or plunger pump) of the water replenishment equipment in the conventional hydrogen production system constantly vibrates during operation due to the piston movement of the pump head, and the higher the back pressure, the stronger the vibration and noise. At the same time, since the water replenishment pump needs to pressurize the raw water from low pressure to high pressure, its motor power is relatively large and is linearly related to the hydrogen production pressure.

[0005] Based on the above problems, patent document CN115040900A discloses a device for strengthening the separation of micro-bubbles by using a cyclonic centrifugal field, and uses a cyclonic separator to make up for the deficiency of the traditional gas-liquid separator in using gravity field sedimentation for gas-liquid separation, so that the micro-bubbles or dissolved gases (hydrogen or oxygen) in the mixed liquid quickly gather to the center of the cyclonic separator under the centrifugal field, pressure field and turbulence, which accelerates the aggregation and separation of micro-bubbles, thereby improving the gas-liquid separation capacity. However, the device adds a booster pump at the two-phase inlet of the cyclonic separator to increase the incident speed to meet the flow rate requirements of cyclonic separation, and the system still uses a conventional water replenishment pump for water replenishment.

[0006] Patent document CN219637367U discloses a water replenishing device, including a water replenishing tank, a water inlet is fixedly installed on one side of the water replenishing tank, a first two-way solenoid valve is fixedly connected to the other end of the water inlet, a water replenishing port is fixedly installed on the other side of the water replenishing tank, a second two-way solenoid valve is fixedly connected to the other end of the water replenishing port, an extrusion plug is slidably installed in the water replenishing tank, a counterweight tube is fixedly installed on the upper end of the extrusion plug, a weight plate is placed in the counterweight tube, a push switch is fixedly installed at the bottom of the water replenishing tank, and a control box is fixedly installed on the front of the water replenishing tank. When the electrolyzed water inside the electrolytic cell is continuously consumed and is lower than the set water pressure, the extrusion plug will press the electrolyzed water inside the water replenishing tank into the electrolytic cell through the second two-way solenoid valve and the one-way valve to realize automatic water replenishment, and the weight plate can be removed or added to adjust the downward pressure of the counterweight tube, thereby adjusting the minimum water level of the electrolyzed water inside the electrolytic cell. It can be seen that the device senses the water pressure in the electrolytic cell and uses the weight plate and squeeze plug of the pressurizing mechanism in the water supply tank to replenish water for the hydrogen production system. The lowest water supply level of the electrolytic cell is related to the weight of the weight plate. However, the device uses the weight plate to pressurize the water supply system to achieve water replenishment, which has limited application scenarios. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a water electrolysis hydrogen production system and control method based on jet cyclone separation, which combines an ejector with a hydrocyclone and applies it to a water electrolysis hydrogen production system. On the one hand, it can solve the problem of poor cyclone separation effect caused by the low velocity of the two-phase flow at the outlet of the electrolyzer, and on the other hand, it can use the negative pressure injection generated by the high-speed flow of the fluid at the outlet of the ejector nozzle to realize water replenishment of the hydrogen production system. The equipment size is reduced, the device footprint is reduced, and the vibration and power consumption problems caused by the water replenishment pump in the conventional water electrolysis hydrogen production system are avoided.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0009] A water electrolysis hydrogen production system based on jet cyclone separation comprises a jet cyclone separation device and a water electrolysis hydrogen production main circuit, wherein the jet cyclone separation device comprises an ejector and a hydrocyclone; a mixed fluid input end of the ejector is connected to an anode outlet end of an electrolyzer in the water electrolysis hydrogen production main circuit, while an inhaled fluid input end is connected to a drainage end of a water storage tank in the electrolysis hydrogen production main circuit, and a mixed fluid output end is connected to a mixed fluid input end of a hydrocyclone, and a drainage end of the hydrocyclone is connected to a water replenishment end of a buffer water tank in the electrolysis hydrogen production main circuit; the spatial position of the ejector is lower than the water storage tank, and the spatial position of the hydrocyclone is higher than the buffer water tank.

[0010] Furthermore, the ejector includes an intake chamber, a nozzle, a mixing chamber and a diffuser, and the intake chamber, the mixing chamber and the diffuser are connected in sequence; the nozzle is arranged in the intake chamber, and one end of the nozzle is connected to the anode outlet of the electrolyzer in the main water electrolysis hydrogen production circuit as a mixed fluid input end, and the other end is connected to the mixing chamber; the intake chamber is provided with an intake fluid input end, and is connected to the drainage end of the water storage tank in the main water electrolysis hydrogen production circuit; the diffuser is connected to the mixed fluid input end of the hydrocyclone as a mixed fluid output end.

[0011] Furthermore, the hydrocyclone includes a mixed phase inlet pipe, a separation chamber, an exhaust pipe and a drain pipe, wherein the mixed phase inlet pipe is arranged above the separation chamber and connected to the mixed fluid output end of the ejector; the exhaust pipe is arranged at the top of the separation chamber and can discharge the oxygen separated by the separation chamber; the exhaust pipe is arranged at the bottom of the separation chamber and can output the water separated by the separation chamber to the buffer water tank in the main hydrogen production electrolysis circuit.

[0012] Furthermore, the main water electrolysis hydrogen production circuit includes a buffer water tank, a heat exchange coil, a first liquid level transmitter, a raw water circulation pump, an electrolyzer inlet thermometer, an electrolyzer, a first pneumatic valve, a second liquid level transmitter, a water storage tank and a second pneumatic valve; the heat exchange coil is arranged in the buffer water tank, and the first liquid level transmitter is arranged on the buffer water tank; the buffer water tank, the raw water circulation pump, the electrolyzer inlet thermometer and the electrolyzer are connected in sequence; one end of the first pneumatic valve is connected to a water source, and the other end is connected to a water supply end of the water storage tank; the drainage end of the water storage tank is connected to the suction fluid input end of the injector through the second pneumatic valve.

[0013] Furthermore, the heat exchange coil is arranged from top to bottom in the buffer water tank, and the cooling water in the heat exchange coil flows in a bottom-in and top-out manner, so that the raw water exchanges heat during discharge from the bottom of the hydrocyclone.

[0014] Furthermore, the second pneumatic valve is linked to a shutdown signal of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, and remains in a closed state when the water electrolysis hydrogen production system is shut down.

[0015] Furthermore, the main circuit for producing hydrogen by water electrolysis also includes a check valve, which is arranged between the water storage tank and the injector.

[0016] A control method for a water electrolysis hydrogen production system based on jet cyclone separation, comprising:

[0017] When the water electrolysis hydrogen production system starts to operate, the raw water enters the electrolytic cell for electrolysis, and the oxygen coming out of the anode of the electrolytic cell and the raw water that has not been electrolyzed are mixed and enter the ejector, forming a vacuum in the ejector to suck in the pure water in the water storage tank;

[0018] After passing through the ejector, the oxygen and water in the mixed phase enter the hydrocyclone from the tangential direction. Under the action of the cyclonic centrifugal field, the fine bubbles or dissolved gases in the gas-liquid mixture continuously gather toward the center of the hydrocyclone, and are discharged from the gas phase outlet at the top of the hydrocyclone into the post-treatment system; the liquid phase in the gas-liquid mixture is discharged from the bottom of the hydrocyclone into the buffer water tank for further sedimentation and separation, and then enters the electrolytic cell again to complete an electrolysis cycle.

[0019] Furthermore, when the first liquid level transmitter detects that the liquid level in the buffer water tank is lower than the threshold value and the second liquid level transmitter detects that the liquid level in the water storage tank is at a normal level, the second pneumatic valve is opened, and the ultrapure water in the water storage tank is injected into the ejector, and exchanges energy with the oxygen and water entering from the mixed fluid input end in the mixing chamber of the ejector, and then enters the hydrocyclone for gas-liquid separation.

[0020] Furthermore, when the second liquid level transmitter detects that the liquid level in the water tank is lower than a threshold value, the first pneumatic valve is opened to replenish water from the water source into the water tank; if the liquid level in the buffer water tank changes due to pressure or hydrogen production fluctuations during the electrolysis process, the amount of pure water injected into the electrolysis cycle through the injector is changed by adjusting the opening of the second pneumatic valve, thereby achieving liquid level stability.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0022] The present invention combines the ejector and the hydrocyclone and applies them to the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, which not only realizes the water replenishment of the hydrogen production system with low energy consumption and weak vibration, but also reduces the space occupied by the separator equipment and enhances the separation effect. Its characteristics and advantages are as follows:

[0023] 1. The working principle of the ejector is used to realize the water replenishment of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, so that the water replenishment process structure of the hydrogen production system is simplified and the operation is convenient.

[0024] 2. Connect the hydrocyclone in series after the ejector, and use the characteristic that the kinetic energy of the high-pressure fluid increases significantly after passing through the ejector to achieve cyclone separation of the mixed phase, thereby enhancing the separation effect and reducing the size of the separator.

[0025] 3. In the water electrolysis hydrogen production system based on jet cyclone separation proposed by the present invention, the key components, namely the ejector and the hydrocyclone, are mechanical components, which are low in cost and easy to maintain, and also free of vibration, noise and other problems.

[0026] 4. By designing the ejector structure and water tank pipeline, the amount of raw water introduced can be made equivalent to the amount consumed by electrolysis, thus achieving stable operation of the hydrogen production system.

[0027] 5. By designing the ejector and hydrocyclone structure, the flow rate and pressure of the mixed phase fluid entering the inlet of the hydrocyclone can be controlled, the separation effect can be enhanced, the gas content of the raw water can be reduced, and the stability and safety of the system operation can be improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the injector and its connection relationship of Example 1 of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the hydrocyclone and its connection relationship in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a water electrolysis hydrogen production system based on jet cyclone separation according to Example 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and effects of the present invention, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are now described. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention, that is, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] In conventional water electrolysis hydrogen production systems, gravity sedimentation is mostly used to separate the electrolysis products. This separation method has a slow separation speed and low separation efficiency, which directly leads to large size and high cost of gas-liquid separator equipment corresponding to the scale of hydrogen production. In addition, this sedimentation separation method will also cause tiny bubbles to be entrained in the liquid phase, which will not only increase the probability of cavitation of the electrolysis circulation pump, but more importantly, the raw water separated by the hydrogen separator and the oxygen separator will affect the hydrogen content and purity of the oxygen at the outlet of the electrolyzer after merging, posing a safety hazard to the hydrogen production system. At the same time, the electrolysis process continuously consumes raw water. In the existing hydrogen production system, the method of regularly replenishing water into the system through a diaphragm pump (or plunger pump) will not only produce strong vibrations, but also have relatively high operating power consumption.

[0034] Based on this, the present embodiment provides a water electrolysis hydrogen production system based on jet cyclone separation, including a jet cyclone separation device and a water electrolysis hydrogen production main circuit, the jet cyclone separation device including an ejector 1 and a hydrocyclone 2; the mixed fluid input end of the ejector 1 is connected to the anode outlet end of the electrolyzer 8 in the water electrolysis hydrogen production main circuit, and the suction fluid input end is connected to the drainage end of the water storage tank 11 in the electrolysis hydrogen production main circuit, and the mixed fluid output end is connected to the mixed fluid input end of the hydrocyclone 2, and the drainage end of the hydrocyclone 2 is connected to the water replenishment end of the buffer water tank 3 in the electrolysis hydrogen production main circuit; the spatial position of the ejector 1 is lower than the water storage tank 11, and the spatial position of the hydrocyclone 2 is higher than the buffer water tank 3.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, the ejector 1 of this embodiment includes a suction chamber 101, a nozzle 102, a mixing chamber 103 and a diffuser 104, and the suction chamber 101, the mixing chamber 103 and the diffuser 104 are connected in sequence; the nozzle 102 is arranged in the suction chamber 101, and one end is connected to the anode outlet end of the electrolyzer 8 in the main water electrolysis hydrogen production path as a mixed fluid input end, and the other end is connected to the mixing chamber 103; the suction chamber 101 is provided with an suction fluid input end, and is connected to the drainage end of the water storage tank 11 in the main water electrolysis hydrogen production path; the diffuser 104 is connected to the mixed fluid input end of the hydrocyclone 2 as a mixed fluid output end.

[0036] It should be noted that when the high-pressure fluid is ejected through the nozzle 102 in the ejector 1, a certain vacuum is formed in the suction chamber 102, so the fluid can be sucked in from the suction fluid input end, and the high-pressure fluid and the suction fluid exchange energy in the mixing chamber 103, and the formed high-speed mixed fluid is finally ejected from the diffuser 104. After the fluid passes through the ejector 1, the pressure potential energy is reduced and the dynamic potential energy is increased, which enhances the separation effect of the hydrocyclone 2 on tiny bubbles, and there is no need to increase the fluid flow rate at the inlet of the hydrocyclone 2 through a booster pump.

[0037] More specifically, in an application scenario of this embodiment, the mixed phase pressure of oxygen and water at the mixed fluid input end of the ejector 1 is 0.41 MPa (G), and the flow rate is 10 m 3 / h, the water tank pressure at the inlet end of the suction fluid is 0Mpa(G); after the fluid is ejected by the ejector 1, a negative pressure of -0.02Mpa(G) is formed in the suction chamber 101, and the pure water in the water tank 11 is injected into the mixing chamber 103, and the injection flow rate is 0.3m 3 / h, the mixed fluid after reaching velocity equilibrium is ejected from the diffuser 104 with a pressure of 0.19 MPa (G).

[0038] like Figure 2As shown, the hydrocyclone 2 of this embodiment includes a mixed phase inlet pipe 201, a separation chamber 202, an exhaust pipe 203 and a drain pipe 204. The mixed phase inlet pipe 201 is arranged above the separation chamber 202 and is connected to the mixed fluid output end of the ejector 1; the exhaust pipe 203 is arranged at the top of the separation chamber 202, and can discharge the oxygen separated by the separation chamber 202; the exhaust pipe 203 is arranged at the bottom of the separation chamber 202, and can output the water separated by the separation chamber 202 to the buffer water tank 3 in the main hydrogen production electrolysis circuit.

[0039] It should be noted that when a fluid at a certain speed enters the hydrocyclone 2 from the mixed phase inlet pipe 201 along the tangential direction of the separation chamber 202, under the action of centrifugal force, the liquid phase rotates downward along the separation chamber 202 and is discharged from the discharge pipe 204 at the bottom, and the gas phase rotates upward along the separation chamber 202 and is discharged from the exhaust pipe 203 at the top, thereby achieving gas-liquid two-phase separation.

[0040] Preferably, the main water electrolysis hydrogen production circuit of this embodiment includes a buffer water tank 3, a heat exchange coil 4, a first liquid level transmitter 5, a raw water circulation pump 6, an electrolytic cell inlet thermometer 7, an electrolytic cell 8, a first pneumatic valve 9, a second liquid level transmitter 10, a water storage tank 11 and a second pneumatic valve 12. Figure 3 As shown, the heat exchange coil 4 is arranged in the buffer water tank 3, and the first liquid level transmitter 5 is arranged on the buffer water tank 3; the buffer water tank 3, the raw water circulation pump 6, the electrolytic cell inlet thermometer 7 and the electrolytic cell 8 are connected in sequence; one end of the first pneumatic valve 9 is connected to the water source, and the other end is connected to the water supply end of the water storage tank 11, and the drainage end of the water storage tank 11 is connected to the suction fluid input end of the ejector 1 through the second pneumatic valve 12.

[0041] Preferably, the heat exchange coil 4 is arranged from top to bottom in the buffer water tank 3, and the cooling water in the heat exchange coil 4 flows in a bottom-in and top-out manner, so that the raw water exchanges heat during the discharge process at the bottom of the hydrocyclone 2, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency. The electrolytic cell inlet thermometer 7 is used to monitor the temperature of the raw water entering the electrolytic cell 8, and the temperature of the raw water is kept within a normal range by changing the temperature and flow rate of the cooling water in the heat exchange coil 4.

[0042] Preferably, the water storage tank 11 is a normal pressure water tank filled with ultrapure water, is spatially located above the ejector 1, and has an exhaust port at the top to prevent pressure build-up.

[0043] Preferably, the second pneumatic valve 12 is preferably a normally closed pneumatic regulating valve to achieve feedback control of the liquid level of the buffer water tank 3; the second pneumatic valve 12 is linked to the shutdown signal of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, and remains in a closed state when the water electrolysis hydrogen production system is shut down, thereby ensuring the safety of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system.

[0044] Preferably, the main circuit for producing hydrogen by water electrolysis also includes a check valve 13, which is arranged between the water storage tank 11 and the injector 1 to prevent water or gas in the electrolysis cycle from flowing back to the water storage tank 11, thereby ensuring safe operation of the system.

[0045] In summary, the water electrolysis hydrogen production system of this embodiment is based on the working principle of the ejector 1, and the fluid with higher pressure is adiabatically expanded through the nozzle 102 of the ejector 1, a high-speed jet is formed at the outlet of the nozzle 102 and a certain vacuum is generated, and the injection fluid with lower pressure is sucked into the suction chamber 102, and the two fluids with different pressures enter the mixing chamber 103 for energy exchange to gradually achieve speed balance and pressure consistency. The mixed fluid is decelerated and pressurized in the diffuser 104 and enters the subsequent pipeline. The low-pressure fluid is sucked and transported by the high-pressure fluid, so that the fluid is pressurized and mechanical energy is not directly consumed. In addition, since the fluid sacrifices potential energy through the ejector 1, its outlet flow rate is significantly increased, so a hydrocyclone 2 is connected in series at its rear end to smoothly achieve gas-liquid separation. Therefore, the water electrolysis hydrogen production system of this embodiment can avoid the vibration, noise and maintenance problems caused by the diaphragm pump (or plunger pump) of the conventional water electrolysis hydrogen production system, and also provides speed conditions for the use of the hydrocyclone in the hydrogen production system, strengthens the separation of fine bubbles, and improves the gas-liquid separation efficiency.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] This embodiment is based on embodiment 1:

[0048] The present embodiment provides a control method for a water electrolysis hydrogen production system based on jet cyclone separation, comprising: the water electrolysis hydrogen production system is in operation, the raw water is heat exchanged with cooling water in the buffer water tank 3, and then pressurized by the raw water circulation pump 6 to enter the electrolytic cell 8 for electrolysis, the hydrogen generated by the electrolysis enters the hydrogen post-processing end, and the oxygen generated by the electrolysis and the remaining raw water enter the ejector 1; after the injection, the pressure of the mixed phase decreases, the kinetic energy increases, and it enters the hydrocyclone 2 from the tangential direction, and under the action of the cyclone centrifugal field, the fine bubbles or dissolved gas in the gas-liquid mixture continuously gather toward the center of the hydrocyclone 2, and are discharged from the gas phase outlet at the top of the hydrocyclone 2 into the post-processing system; the liquid phase in the gas-liquid mixture is discharged from the bottom of the hydrocyclone 2 into the buffer water tank 3 for further sedimentation and separation, and then enters the electrolytic cell 8 again to complete an electrolysis cycle.

[0049] Preferably, when the first liquid level transmitter 5 detects that the liquid level of the buffer water tank 3 is lower than the threshold value, and the second liquid level transmitter 10 detects that the liquid level of the water storage tank 11 is at a normal level, the second pneumatic valve 12 is opened, and the ultrapure water in the water storage tank 11 is injected into the injector 1, and exchanges energy with the oxygen and water entering from the mixed fluid input end in the mixing chamber 103 of the injector 1, and then enters the hydrocyclone 2 for gas-liquid separation, thereby achieving the purpose of water replenishment and gas-liquid separation.

[0050] Preferably, when the second liquid level transmitter 10 detects that the liquid level of the water tank 11 is lower than a threshold value, the first pneumatic valve 9 is opened to replenish water from the water source into the water tank 11; if the liquid level in the buffer water tank 3 changes due to fluctuations in pressure or hydrogen production during the electrolysis process, the amount of pure water injected into the electrolysis cycle through the injector 1 is changed by adjusting the opening of the second pneumatic valve 12, thereby achieving liquid level stability.

[0051] Preferably, when the water electrolysis hydrogen production system is shut down, the second pneumatic valve 12 should remain closed to ensure system safety.

[0052] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the form disclosed herein, and should not be regarded as excluding other embodiments, but can be used in various other combinations, modifications and environments, and can be modified within the scope of the concept described herein through the above teachings or the technology or knowledge of the relevant field. The changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art shall not deviate from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and shall be within the scope of protection of the claims attached to the present invention.

Claims

1. A water electrolysis hydrogen production system based on jet cyclone separation, characterized in that: The invention comprises a jet cyclone separation device and a main water electrolysis hydrogen production path, wherein the jet cyclone separation device comprises an ejector (1) and a hydrocyclone (2); the mixed fluid input end of the ejector (1) is connected to the anode outlet end of an electrolyzer (8) in the main water electrolysis hydrogen production path, while the suction fluid input end is connected to the drainage end of a water storage tank (11) in the main water electrolysis hydrogen production path, and the mixed fluid output end is connected to the mixed fluid input end of the hydrocyclone (2), and the drainage end of the hydrocyclone (2) is connected to the water replenishment end of a buffer water tank (3) in the main water electrolysis hydrogen production path; the spatial position of the ejector (1) is lower than the water storage tank (11), and the spatial position of the hydrocyclone (2) is higher than the buffer water tank (3).

2. A water electrolysis hydrogen production system based on jet cyclone separation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ejector (1) comprises an intake chamber (101), a nozzle (102), a mixing chamber (103) and a diffuser (104), wherein the intake chamber (101), the mixing chamber (103) and the diffuser (104) are connected in sequence; the nozzle (102) is arranged in the intake chamber (101), and one end of the nozzle (102) is connected to the anode outlet of the electrolyzer (8) in the main water electrolysis hydrogen production path as a mixed fluid input end, and the other end is connected to the mixing chamber (103); the intake chamber (101) is provided with an intake fluid input end, and is connected to the drainage end of the water storage tank (11) in the main water electrolysis hydrogen production path; the diffuser (104) is connected to the mixed fluid input end of the hydrocyclone (2) as a mixed fluid output end.

3. A water electrolysis hydrogen production system based on jet cyclone separation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrocyclone (2) comprises a mixed phase inlet pipe (201), a separation chamber (202), an exhaust pipe (203) and a liquid discharge pipe (204); the mixed phase inlet pipe (201) is arranged above the separation chamber (202) and is connected to the mixed fluid output end of the ejector (1); the exhaust pipe (203) is arranged at the top of the separation chamber (202) and is capable of discharging oxygen separated by the separation chamber (202); the exhaust pipe (203) is arranged at the bottom of the separation chamber (202) and is capable of outputting water separated by the separation chamber (202) to a buffer water tank (3) in a main hydrogen production electrolysis circuit.

4. A water electrolysis hydrogen production system based on jet cyclone separation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main circuit for producing hydrogen by water electrolysis comprises a buffer water tank (3), a heat exchange coil (4), a first liquid level transmitter (5), a raw water circulation pump (6), an electrolyzer inlet thermometer (7), an electrolyzer (8), a first pneumatic valve (9), a second liquid level transmitter (10), a water storage tank (11) and a second pneumatic valve (12); the heat exchange coil (4) is arranged in the buffer water tank (3), and the first liquid level transmitter (5) is arranged on the buffer water tank (3); the buffer water tank (3), the raw water circulation pump (6), the electrolyzer inlet thermometer (7) and the electrolyzer (8) are connected in sequence; one end of the first pneumatic valve (9) is connected to a water source, and the other end is connected to a water supply end of the water storage tank (11); the drainage end of the water storage tank (11) is connected to the suction fluid input end of the ejector (1) through the second pneumatic valve (12).

5. A water electrolysis hydrogen production system based on jet cyclone separation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The heat exchange coil (4) is arranged from top to bottom in the buffer water tank (3), and the cooling water in the heat exchange coil (4) flows in a bottom-in and top-out manner, so that the raw water is heat exchanged during the discharge process from the bottom of the hydrocyclone (2).

6. A water electrolysis hydrogen production system based on jet cyclone separation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second pneumatic valve (12) is linked to a shutdown signal of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system and remains in a closed state when the water electrolysis hydrogen production system is shut down.

7. A water electrolysis hydrogen production system based on jet cyclone separation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The water electrolysis hydrogen production main circuit also includes a check valve (13), and the check valve (13) is arranged between the water storage tank (11) and the injector (1).

8. A control method for a water electrolysis hydrogen production system based on jet cyclone separation, applied to the water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: include: When the water electrolysis hydrogen production system starts to operate, raw water enters the electrolytic cell (8) to be electrolyzed, oxygen from the anode of the electrolytic cell (8) and raw water that has not been electrolyzed are mixed and enter the ejector (1), and a vacuum is formed in the ejector (1) to suck in pure water in the water storage tank (11); After passing through the ejector (1), the oxygen and water in the mixed phase enter the hydrocyclone (2) from the tangential direction. Under the action of the cyclonic centrifugal field, the fine bubbles or dissolved gas in the gas-liquid mixed liquid continuously gather toward the center of the hydrocyclone (2) and are discharged from the gas phase outlet at the top of the hydrocyclone (2) into the post-processing system; the liquid phase in the gas-liquid mixed liquid is discharged from the bottom of the hydrocyclone (2) into the buffer water tank (3) for further sedimentation and separation, and then enters the electrolytic cell (8) again to complete an electrolysis cycle.

9. A water electrolysis hydrogen production system control method based on jet cyclone separation according to claim 8, characterized in that: When the first liquid level transmitter (5) detects that the liquid level of the buffer water tank (3) is lower than a threshold value, and the second liquid level transmitter (10) detects that the liquid level of the water storage tank (11) is at a normal liquid level, the second pneumatic valve (12) is opened, and the ultrapure water in the water storage tank (11) is injected into the ejector (1), and exchanges energy with the oxygen and water entering from the mixed fluid input end in the mixing chamber (103) of the ejector (1), and then enters the hydrocyclone (2) for gas-liquid separation.

10. The method for controlling a water electrolysis hydrogen production system based on jet cyclone separation according to claim 8, characterized in that: When the second liquid level transmitter (10) detects that the liquid level in the water storage tank (11) is lower than a threshold value, the first pneumatic valve (9) is opened to replenish water from a water source into the water storage tank (11); if the liquid level in the buffer water tank (3) changes due to fluctuations in pressure or hydrogen production during the electrolysis process, the amount of pure water injected into the electrolysis cycle through the injector (1) is changed by adjusting the opening of the second pneumatic valve (12), thereby achieving liquid level stability.

Images