Underwater self-cementation reinforcing and filling unit and throwing and filling reinforcing method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to an underwater self-cementation reinforcing and filling unit and a throwing and filling reinforcing method thereof. The underwater self-cementation reinforcing and filling unit comprises a filling material, a first packaging layer, a bonding material, a water-permeable film and a water-soluble film which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside. The filling material is wrapped in the first packaging layer; the bonding material is uniformly arranged on the outer surface of the first packaging layer in a covering mode, hydrate gel capable of being mutually bonded and agglomerated is generated after the bonding material encounters water, the bonding material is arranged in the water permeable film in a covering mode, and the water permeable film allows the water and the hydrate gel to pass through; and a water-soluble film covers the outer surface of the water-permeable film. According to the filling unit, the bonding material is added, the water permeable film and the water-soluble film are arranged, storage of the bonding material is effectively guaranteed, water intrudes into the bonding material layer underwater, the bonding material forms hydrate gel after a hydration reaction, the hydrate gel can seep out at the same time, the filling units are mutually bonded, and the filling effect is improved. And it is ensured that the filling unit achieves good water retaining and leaking stoppage effects underwater.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of disaster prevention and emergency relief, and in particular to an underwater self-adhesive reinforcement filling unit and a dumping reinforcement method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As global climate change leads to frequent extreme weather events, urban waterlogging and river basin flooding problems are becoming increasingly serious. The research and application of flood control, flood prevention, water blocking and leak plugging technologies are particularly important. At present, among the traditional flood control and disaster relief methods, throwing sandbags is the most common temporary flood control measure. In areas where floods are about to hit, such as river banks, dam gaps, building entrances, etc., a large number of sandbags are filled to build temporary flood walls to prevent the spread of floods and protect important facilities. However, the current use of sandbags for flood control and disaster relief has many limitations and challenges: First, it is inefficient: the process of filling, transporting and stacking sandbags requires a lot of manpower and takes a long time, especially in emergency situations, and it is impossible to quickly build an effective flood barrier; second, the protection effect is limited: there may be gaps between sandbags, and floods may penetrate through the gaps; in addition, the strength of sandbags is poor, and the water blocking and leak plugging effect of sandbags is not good in scenarios with large water flow and fast flow rate.

[0003] In view of the limitations of the above existing technologies in flood control and prevention, there is an urgent need for a more efficient, convenient, sustainable, stable and reliable alternative filling unit solution to cope with the increasingly complex flood prevention situation. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the technical problems existing in the prior art, the embodiment of the present application proposes an underwater self-adhesive reinforcement filling unit, comprising a filling material, a first packaging layer, an adhesive material, a water-permeable membrane and a water-soluble film which are arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside to form a complete block; the filling material is wrapped in the first packaging layer; the filling material is pre-filled or temporarily filled before use; the adhesive material is evenly covered on the outer surface of the first packaging layer, and the adhesive material generates a hydrate gel that can bond and condense with each other after contacting water, and the adhesive material is covered in the water-permeable membrane, and the water-permeable membrane allows water and the hydrate gel to pass through; the outer surface of the water-permeable membrane is covered with a water-soluble film, which is used to isolate the adhesive material from contact with moisture in the air when not in use, and to prevent the adhesive material from contacting with water in advance before the filling unit falls into the water and reaches the position to be reinforced.

[0005] Optionally, according to an embodiment of the present application, the outer surface of the water-soluble film is covered with a second packaging layer, the second packaging layer allows water and the hydrate gel to pass through, and the second packaging layer is used to prevent damage to the water-soluble film when the filling unit is not in use.

[0006] Optionally, according to an embodiment of the present application, the components in the adhesive material and their mass percentages are: silicate cement: 5% to 90%; aluminate cement or sulphoaluminate cement: 5% to 90%; accelerator: 0.5% to 5%; wherein the accelerator is used to make the adhesive material finally set within 5 minutes after contact with water.

[0007] Optionally, according to an embodiment of the present application, the accelerator includes at least an aluminate accelerator and a lithium salt accelerator or an alkaline accelerator, wherein the aluminate accelerator is selected from any one of sodium aluminate, potassium aluminate, calcium aluminate or aluminum oxide, the lithium salt accelerator is selected from any one of lithium carbonate or lithium fluoride, and the alkaline accelerator is selected from any one of sodium carbonate or sodium hydroxide.

[0008] Optionally, according to an embodiment of the present application, the water-permeable membrane is any one of non-woven fabric, gauze or cotton towel.

[0009] Optionally, according to an embodiment of the present application, the pores of the water-permeable membrane are 10 μm-1 mm.

[0010] Optionally, according to an embodiment of the present application, the components in the adhesive material and their mass percentages are: silicate cement: 19%; sulphoaluminate cement: 79.5%; alumina: 1%; sodium carbonate: 0.5%.

[0011] Optionally, according to an embodiment of the present application, the underwater self-adhesive reinforcement filling unit is evenly divided into block areas from the inside to the outside, and the adhesive material is evenly distributed in the block areas.

[0012] The present application also provides a method for dumping and reinforcing the underwater self-bonding reinforcement filling unit according to any one of the embodiments of the present application, comprising:

[0013] S010, throwing the underwater self-bonding reinforcement filling unit into the water at the corresponding position to be reinforced;

[0014] S020, water flows through the pores of the second packaging layer, contacts the water-soluble film and dissolves it in water;

[0015] S030, water flows through the pores of the water-permeable membrane, contacts the adhesive material coated therein and undergoes a hydration reaction therewith to generate a hydrate gel, and the hydrate gel overflows through the pores of the water-permeable membrane;

[0016] S040, the overflowed hydrate gel makes the multiple underwater self-bonding reinforcement filling units adhere to each other to form a pile, and finally solidifies into a whole within 5 minutes.

[0017] Optionally, according to an embodiment of the present application, the overflowed hydrate gel causes the plurality of underwater self-bonding reinforcement filling units to adhere to each other to form a pile within 1 minute.

[0018] The present application proposes an underwater self-adhesive reinforcement filling unit and a dump filling reinforcement method thereof, wherein the underwater self-adhesive reinforcement filling unit is added with adhesive material, and a permeable membrane and a water-soluble film are specifically arranged, so that the filling unit has good water seepage and slurry permeability characteristics when the underwater adhesive material undergoes a hydration reaction, and the hydrate gel bodies formed after the hydration reaction can be bonded to each other, thereby strengthening the bonding strength and shear strength between the filling units and improving the water-blocking and leak-proofing effect of the filling units. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Below, the preferred embodiments of the present application will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an underwater self-bonding reinforcement filling unit according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a process of an underwater self-bonding dump filling reinforcement method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a curve diagram of underwater trajectory of throwing the underwater self-bonding reinforcement filling unit into the water flow in the embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 4a is a cross-sectional view of a damaged dam in an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 4b is a side view of a damaged dam in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 4c It is a construction schematic diagram of throwing an underwater self-bonding reinforcement filling unit to plug a damaged dam in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0027] In the following detailed description, reference may be made to the various specification drawings that are part of the present application and are used to illustrate specific embodiments of the present application. In the accompanying drawings, similar reference numerals describe substantially similar components in different figures. The various specific embodiments of the present application are described below in sufficient detail so that a person of ordinary skill in the art with relevant knowledge and skills in the art can implement the technical solutions of the present application. It should be understood that other embodiments may also be used or structural, logical or electrical changes may be made to the embodiments of the present application.

[0028] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an underwater self-bonding reinforcement filling unit according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 As shown, the filling unit 10 of the embodiment of the present application includes a filling material 100, a first packaging layer 110, an adhesive material 120, a water-permeable film 130 and a water-soluble film 140 which are arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside. Among them, the filling material 100 is used to increase the dead weight of the filling unit 10, and the filling material 100 is wrapped in the first packaging layer 110. The filling material 100 can be pre-filled, for example, directly integrated and built into the filling unit 10 during production; or it can be temporarily filled before use, and the filling unit 10 can be designed to be detachable, for example, the first packaging layer 110, the adhesive material 120, the water-permeable film 130 and the water-soluble film 140 are integrated, and an opening that can be opened and closed is set at the same position, and a containing space for placing the filling material 100 is formed inside the opening of the first packaging layer 110. The adhesive material 120 is evenly coated on the outer surface of the first packaging layer 110. When the adhesive material 120 meets water, it generates a hydrate gel that can adhere to each other and condense. The adhesive material 120 is covered in a water-permeable film 130, and the water-permeable film 130 allows water and the hydrate gel to pass through. The outer surface of the water-permeable film 130 is covered with a water-soluble film 140, which is used to isolate the adhesive material 120 from contact with moisture in the air when not in use, and to prevent the adhesive material 120 from contacting water in advance before the filling unit 10 falls in the water and reaches the position to be reinforced, so that the hydration reaction occurs to generate a hydrate gel that precipitates from the water-permeable film 130, causing a partial premature loss of the filling unit 10.

[0029] The underwater self-bonding reinforcement filling unit provided in the embodiment of the present application has adhesive materials added thereto, and a water-permeable membrane and a water-soluble film are specifically arranged, so that the filling unit has good water secretion and slurry permeability characteristics when the underwater adhesive material undergoes a hydration reaction. The hydrate gel bodies formed after the hydration reaction can bond with each other, thereby enhancing the bonding strength and shear strength between the filling units and improving the water-blocking and leak-proofing effects of the filling units.

[0030] In some embodiments, the filling material 100 can be any solid material, including directly filling the adhesive material 120, and its main functions are water blocking, leak plugging, reinforcement, anti-scouring, filling consolidation, etc. Figure 1 In the illustrated embodiment, the filling material 100 is sand and gravel.

[0031] In some embodiments, the first packaging layer 110 can be made of any common packaging bag material, such as polyethylene (PE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), etc., and is used to wrap the filling material 100 .

[0032] In some embodiments, the components and their mass percentages in the adhesive material 120 are: silicate cement: 5% to 90%; aluminate cement or sulphoaluminate cement: 5% to 90%; accelerator: 0.5% to 5%. The accelerator provided in the embodiment of the present application can make the adhesive material 120 quickly final set within 5 minutes, thereby achieving the effect of rapid water blocking and plugging. Optionally, the accelerator includes an aluminate accelerator, and is combined with a lithium salt accelerator or an alkaline accelerator, wherein the mass percentage of the aluminate accelerator can be 0.5% to 4%, and the mass percentage of the lithium salt accelerator or the alkaline accelerator can be 0% to 1%. Aluminate accelerators can be selected from sodium aluminate, potassium aluminate, calcium aluminate or alumina. These accelerators can effectively react with calcium ions in cement to generate products such as calcium sulfoxide with rapid hardening properties, thereby accelerating the hydration process of cement and achieving rapid coagulation and hardening. Lithium salt accelerators can be selected from lithium carbonate or lithium fluoride. Lithium ions can accelerate the hydration reaction of silicate minerals in silicate cement, thereby improving early strength and setting speed. Alkaline accelerators can be selected from sodium carbonate or sodium hydroxide, which are used to increase the alkalinity of cement, thereby promoting the cement hydration reaction.

[0033] In some specific embodiments, the mass percentage contents of silicate cement, accelerating agent, and sulphoaluminate cement in the adhesive material 120 and their final setting time are shown in Table 1 below:

[0034]

[0035] Table 1

[0036] In some embodiments, in addition to silicate cement, accelerator and sulphoaluminate, the bonding material 120 may also contain aggregate as needed. Adding aggregate to the bonding material 120 may play a role in skeleton support and filling. Sand and gravel may be used as aggregate, which can effectively fill gaps and increase the strength and stability of the bonding material 120.

[0037] Furthermore, on the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, each component in the adhesive material 120 may further include calcium oxide on the basis of silicate cement, aluminate cement or sulfoaluminate cement, accelerator and aggregate. Adding calcium oxide to the adhesive material 120 can participate in the hydration reaction of the adhesive material 120, and further improve the efficiency of the hydration reaction of the adhesive material 120. In some embodiments, the water-permeable membrane 130 is any one of non-woven fabrics, gauze or cotton soft towels. These materials can be used to package the adhesive material 120, and the adhesive material 120 can be evenly divided into blocks. The hydrate gel formed after the adhesive material 120 undergoes a hydration reaction when it meets water is effectively precipitated from the water-permeable membrane 130, so as to achieve the effect of making the adhesive layer evenly bonded.

[0038] In some embodiments, the pores of the water-permeable membrane 130 are set to 10 μm-1 mm, and the preferred value is 600 μm. The water-permeable membrane 130 with pores within this range can reduce the leakage of the adhesive material 120 before it encounters water, and at the same time has good water permeability and slurry characteristics. When it encounters water, it can fully allow water to penetrate and evenly react with the adhesive material 120 to form a hydrated gel that can be evenly secreted, thereby forming an effective bond. The adhesive material in the water-permeable membrane with different pores is shown in Table 2 below:

[0039]

[0040] Table 2

[0041] In some embodiments, the water-soluble film 140 can be selected from existing products on the market, such as: PVA water-soluble film produced by Dongguan Akemei New Material Technology Co., Ltd. By covering the outer surface of the water-permeable film 130 with the water-soluble film 140, it is possible to prevent the adhesive material 120 from leaking through the pores on the water-permeable film 130, and at the same time prevent the adhesive material 120 from contacting and reacting with moisture in the air during storage, which will affect the performance during use over a long period of time.

[0042] In some embodiments, the time for each layer of the water-soluble film 140 to dissolve underwater is fixed, and the time for the water-soluble film 140 to dissolve underwater is controlled by changing the number of layers to ensure that the adhesive material 120 contacts water and undergoes a hydration reaction only after the filling unit 10 reaches the position to be reinforced. Taking the PVA water-soluble film produced by Dongguan Aikemei New Material Technology Co., Ltd. as an example, the time for different layers to completely dissolve in 500g of water is shown in Table 2 below. Those skilled in the art can make a selection based on the actual conditions such as the water depth and water flow rate of the position to be reinforced:

[0043] Number of layers 1 2 3 5 10 Dissolution time(S) 27.94 54.66 102.5 174.59 483.62

[0044] Table 3

[0045] In some embodiments, the outer surface of the water-soluble film 140 may be covered with a second packaging layer to prevent damage to the water-soluble film 140 when the filling unit 10 is not in use. The second packaging layer allows water and hydrated gel to pass through, such as a laminated woven bag.

[0046] In some embodiments, the underwater self-adhesive reinforcement filling unit is stapled uniformly from the inside to the outside in sequence into a block using staple lines, and the staple lines can be any silk thread used for tailoring, for example, fiber silk thread, and the staple lines divide the surface of the underwater self-adhesive reinforcement filling unit into a mesh structure, and the adhesive material is evenly distributed in each grid in the mesh structure. Stitching the adhesive material with staple lines and dividing it into a grid-like uniform distribution can prevent the adhesive material from moving due to transportation, resulting in uneven distribution of the adhesive material in the filling unit.

[0047] Below, the underwater self-bonding reinforcement filling unit provided in the embodiment of the present application is further described in detail by comparing the embodiment with the comparative example.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] This embodiment provides an underwater self-bonding reinforcement filling unit, which includes a filling material, the filling material is 10kg of sand and gravel, and the filling material is wrapped by a PVC plastic bag as the first packaging layer. The size of the PVC plastic bag is 300mm×300mm, and the outer surface of the PVC plastic bag is covered with an adhesive material, the thickness of the adhesive material is 5mm, and the surface of the adhesive material is covered with a layer of water-permeable film, the water-permeable film is made of 100% plant fiber cotton soft towels produced by Zhejiang Shushi Biotechnology Co., Ltd., the size of the water-permeable film is 200mm×200mm, the pore size of the water-permeable film is 600μm, and the outer surface of the water-permeable film is covered with a water-soluble film, the water-soluble film is a PVA water-soluble film produced by Dongguan Aikemei New Material Technology Co., Ltd., and the size of the water-soluble film is 200mm×200mm. Among them, the adhesive material is 19% silicate cement, 79.5% sulphoaluminate cement, 1% alumina, and 0.5% sodium carbonate. The total mass of the filling unit in this embodiment is 12kg.

[0050] Comparative Example 1

[0051] This comparative example provides an underwater self-bonding reinforcement filling unit, which includes a filling material, which is 10 kg of sand and gravel, and is wrapped with a PVC plastic bag as a first packaging layer. The size of the PVC plastic bag is 300 mm × 300 mm, and a layer of a laminated woven bag is covered on the outer surface of the PVC plastic bag. The size of the laminated woven bag is 200 mm × 200 mm. The total mass of the filling unit of this comparative example is 10.5 kg.

[0052] Comparative Example 2

[0053] This comparative example provides an underwater self-bonding reinforcement filling unit, which includes a filling material, which is 10kg of sand and gravel. The filling material is wrapped by a PVC plastic bag as the first packaging layer. The size of the PVC plastic bag is 300mm×300mm. The outer surface of the PVC plastic bag is covered with an adhesive material, the thickness of the adhesive material is 5mm, and the surface of the adhesive material is covered with a layer of permeable film. The permeable film is made of 100% plant fiber cotton towels produced by Zhejiang Shushi Biotechnology Co., Ltd. The size of the permeable film is 200mm×200mm, the pore size of the permeable film is 600μm, and the outer surface of the permeable film is covered with a water-soluble film. The water-soluble film is a PVA water-soluble film produced by Dongguan Aikemei New Material Technology Co., Ltd., and the size of the water-soluble film is 200mm×200mm. Among them, the adhesive material is 20% silicate cement and 80% sulphoaluminate cement. The total mass of the filling unit of this comparative example is 11.8kg.

[0054] The filling units of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were placed in moving water with the same water flow rate and a flow rate not exceeding 1 m / s, respectively, and the following experimental tests were carried out. The results are as follows.

[0055] 1. Detection of curing time of bonding materials

[0056] The silicate cement in Example 1 solidified and hardened in 54 seconds, the sulfoaluminate cement solidified and hardened in 4 minutes and 25 seconds, and the bonding material of Example 1 was completely set in 4 minutes and 25 seconds.

[0057] The silicate cement in Comparative Example 2 solidified and hardened in 25 minutes, the sulphoaluminate cement solidified and hardened in 40 minutes, and the bonding material of Comparative Example 2 was fully set in 40 minutes.

[0058] The above time measurements are all calculated from the time the adhesive material comes into contact with water.

[0059] 2. Bond strength test between filling units

[0060] At 30 minutes, the bonding strengths of Example 1, Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 are shown in Table 3 below:

[0061] project Example 1 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Bond Strength 0.52Mpa 0 0.1Mpa

[0062] Table 4

[0063] The relationship between the bonding strength of Example 1 and time is shown in Table 4 below:

[0064] time 10min 20min 30min 1h Bond strength (MPa) 0.14Mpa 0.32Mpa 0.52Mpa 0.76Mpa

[0065] Table 5

[0066] According to the above experimental results, it can be seen that compared with comparative example 1 without adhesive material, embodiment 1 having adhesive material is significantly better than comparative example 1 in terms of bonding strength; compared with comparative example 2 without adhesive material, the adhesive material in embodiment 1 having accelerator is significantly shorter than comparative example 2 in terms of final setting time, and is also better than comparative example 2 in terms of bonding strength.

[0067] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a process of underwater self-bonding dump filling reinforcement method according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 As shown, the present application also provides a method for dumping and reinforcing an underwater self-bonding reinforcing filling unit, comprising:

[0068] S010, throwing the underwater self-bonding reinforcement filling unit as described above into the water at the corresponding position to be reinforced;

[0069] S020, water flows through the pores of the second packaging layer, contacts the water-soluble film and dissolves it in water;

[0070] S030, water flows through the pores of the water-permeable membrane, contacts the adhesive material coated therein and undergoes a hydration reaction therewith to generate a hydrate gel, and the hydrate gel overflows through the pores of the water-permeable membrane;

[0071] S040, the overflowed hydrate gel makes the multiple underwater self-bonding reinforcement filling units adhere to each other to form a pile, and finally solidifies into a whole within 5 minutes.

[0072] As is well known to those skilled in the art, in flood prevention and control scenarios, including pipe bursts (soil flow), seepage (water seepage), leaks, landslides (slope failures), pits, bank collapses and other situations, the underwater self-bonding reinforcement filling unit provided in the embodiments of the present application can be dumped in the above various applicable situations to achieve the purpose of water retaining, leak plugging and reinforcement.

[0073] In step S010, the underwater self-adhesive reinforcement filling unit provided in the embodiment of the present application is thrown into the water at the corresponding position to be reinforced. For example, in the case of bank collapse, the water slope becomes unstable and collapses due to the long-term scouring of the embankment foot by the water flow. At this time, it is necessary to throw the underwater self-adhesive reinforcement filling unit provided in the embodiment of the present application to the bank collapse. According to the specific location and range of the bank collapse, a suitable starting point for throwing and filling is selected. Usually, the stable area closest to the bank collapse is selected as the filling point. For a long bank collapse, the reinforcement can be carried out in sections, and gradually advanced until the entire area is stable.

[0074] In step S020, water flows through the pores of the second packaging layer, contacts the water-soluble film and dissolves it in water. For example, when the underwater self-bonding reinforcement filling unit reaches the underwater position, water flows through the second packaging layer (e.g., a laminated woven bag) on ​​its outer surface, and contacts the water-soluble film. Since the water-soluble film is made of water-soluble materials, it begins to dissolve once it contacts the water flow, revealing the water-permeable film it covers.

[0075] In step S030, water flows through the pores of the water-permeable membrane, contacts the adhesive material coated therein and undergoes a hydration reaction therewith, generating a hydrated gel, which overflows through the pores of the water-permeable membrane. For example, due to the pore setting of the water-permeable membrane in the underwater self-bonding reinforcement filling unit, the leakage of the adhesive material before contacting water can be reduced, and at the same time, water can be allowed to intrude and fully contact the adhesive material to undergo a hydration reaction, and the generated hydrated gel (for example, hydration products such as CSH gel and ettringite) gradually overflows through the pores of the water-permeable membrane and diffuses into the external environment of the underwater self-bonding reinforcement filling unit.

[0076] In step S040, the overflowed hydrate gel makes the multiple underwater self-bonding reinforcement filling units adhere to each other to form a pile, and finally solidifies into a whole within 5 minutes to achieve the effect of rapid water blocking and leak plugging.

[0077] In some embodiments, in step S040, the hydrate gel overflowing from the underwater self-cementing reinforcement filling unit provided by the embodiment of the present application presents a colloidal structure and has a strong cohesive force, so that the hydrate gel forms a bonding interface after contacting each other, and within 1 minute, a plurality of self-cementing reinforcement filling units are quickly connected to form a pile, but there is no obvious bonding strength at this time. In some embodiments, within 30 minutes, the bonding strength of the entire reinforcement area reaches at least 0.5Mpa, ensuring the stability of the riverbank structure and effectively preventing further collapse.

[0078] When a dangerous situation occurs, it is generally started from the most serious part of the dangerous situation, and the thrown filling units are deployed from the throwing starting point to both sides in sequence. The filling units can be thrown into the deepest part of the scouring pit, gradually from the lower layer to the upper layer, to form a stable accumulation. In the process of throwing the filling units, the underwater terrain should be measured at any time to grasp the position of the filling units to achieve a stable slope, which can usually be 1:1 to 1:1.5.

[0079] In some embodiments, when conditions permit, the weight of the filling unit can be adaptively adjusted according to different dangerous situations. For example, at the dam head where the flow rate is large and the turbulence is severe, the weight of the filling unit can be selected to be 35-70kg; at the foot of the slope where the flow rate is small and the flow state is stable, the weight of the filling unit should generally not be less than 20kg.

[0080] The point where the filling unit falls is affected by factors such as water flow velocity, water depth, and the weight of each filling unit. Figure 3 This is a curve diagram of underwater trajectory of throwing the underwater self-bonding reinforcement filling unit into the water flow in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 As shown, in the embodiment of the present application, a filling unit with a weight of 20 to 50 kg is selected, the water depth is 20 m, and the filling unit is thrown along the flow direction of the water at 2 m above the water surface. The advantage of such throwing is that the filling unit has a small deflection angle under the action of the water flow velocity, and will not flip, which is conducive to ensuring the quality of the filling unit. According to the test results, when the water flow velocity is 0 m / s and 1 m / s, the underwater trajectory of the filling unit is parabolic at a water depth of 0 to 12 m, and is linear at a water depth of 12 to 20 m; when the flow velocity is 2 m / s, the underwater trajectory of the filling unit is also parabolic at a water depth of 0 to 8 m, and is linear at a water depth of 8 to 20 m; when the flow velocity is 3 m / s, the underwater trajectory of the filling unit is linear at a water depth of 0 to 20 m. Therefore, according to the underwater trajectory of the filling unit, the specific casting position of the underwater self-adhesive reinforcement filling unit provided in the embodiment of the present application above the water surface can be determined, thereby achieving precise control of underwater dangerous positions.

[0081] Figure 4a is a cross-sectional view of a damaged dam in an embodiment of the present application, Figure 4b is a side view of a damaged dam in an embodiment of the present application, Figure 4c Schematic diagram of the construction of throwing underwater self-bonding reinforcement filling units to plug leaks in a damaged dam in the embodiment of the present application. Figures 4a to 4cAs shown, in one embodiment, the distance from the dam head to the dam foot of the dam 20 is 30m. After the damaged opening 40 appears in the dam 20, the flood level 30 is 20m, the water flow velocity is 1m / s, and the water flow direction C is toward D, which is the downstream direction. In order to be able to first place the filling unit 10 at the dam foot, according to the calculated underwater trajectory of the filling unit 10, the offset of the filling unit 10 after being thrown is 10m. Therefore, the filling unit 10 should be thrown 10m away from point A in the upstream direction. The filling unit 10 is thrown 2m above the flood level 30 by floating net bag throwing and catheter throwing method point throwing, and the throwing position is adaptively adjusted so that an appropriate number of filling units 10 are piled up around the dam foot and bonded to each other to form a bottom accumulation body. On this basis, the filling units 10 are gradually stacked to finally form an accumulation body with a certain slope, so as to achieve waterproof plugging of the damaged opening 40 of the dam.

[0082] To sum up, the present application proposes an underwater self-adhesive reinforcement filling unit and a dump filling reinforcement method thereof, wherein the underwater self-adhesive reinforcement filling unit is added with adhesive material, and a permeable membrane and a water-soluble film are specifically arranged, so that the filling unit has good water seepage and slurry permeability characteristics when the underwater adhesive material undergoes hydration reaction, and the hydrate gel formed after the hydration reaction can bond with each other, thereby enhancing the bonding strength and shear strength between the filling units and improving the water-blocking and leak-proofing effect of the filling units.

[0083] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application. Ordinary technicians in the relevant technical field may make various changes and modifications without departing from the scope of the present application. Therefore, all equivalent technical solutions should also fall within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An underwater self-bonding reinforcement filling unit, characterized in that: include: The filling material, the first packaging layer, the adhesive material, the water-permeable film and the water-soluble film are sequentially arranged from the inside to the outside to form a complete block; The filling material is wrapped in the first packaging layer; the filling material is pre-filled or temporarily filled before use; The adhesive material is evenly coated on the outer surface of the first packaging layer, and the adhesive material generates a hydrate gel that can be bonded and condensed with each other after contacting water. The adhesive material is coated inside the water-permeable film, and the water-permeable film allows water and the hydrate gel to pass through. The outer surface of the water-permeable membrane is covered with a water-soluble film to isolate the adhesive material from contact with moisture in the air when not in use, and to prevent the adhesive material from contacting water in advance before the filling unit falls into the water and reaches the position to be reinforced.

2. The underwater self-bonding reinforcement filling unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the water-soluble film is covered with a second packaging layer, the second packaging layer allows water and the hydrate gel to pass through, and the second packaging layer is used to prevent the water-soluble film from being damaged when the filling unit is not in use.

3. The underwater self-bonding reinforcement filling unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The components and their mass percentages in the bonding material are as follows: Portland cement: 5% to 90%; Aluminate cement or sulphoaluminate cement: 5% to 90%; Accelerator: 0.5% to 5%; among which, The quick-setting agent is used to make the bonding material finally set within 5 minutes after contacting with water.

4. The underwater self-bonding reinforcement filling unit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The accelerator includes at least an aluminate accelerator and a lithium salt accelerator or an alkaline accelerator. The aluminate accelerator is selected from any one of sodium aluminate, potassium aluminate, calcium aluminate or aluminum oxide, the lithium salt accelerator is selected from any one of lithium carbonate or lithium fluoride, and the alkaline accelerator is selected from any one of sodium carbonate or sodium hydroxide.

5. The underwater self-bonding reinforcement filling unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water-permeable membrane is any one of non-woven fabric, gauze or cotton towel.

6. The underwater self-bonding reinforcement filling unit according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pores of the water-permeable membrane are 10 μm-1 mm.

7. The underwater self-bonding reinforcement filling unit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The components and their mass percentages in the bonding material are as follows: Portland cement: 19%; Sulphoaluminate cement: 79.5%; Alumina: 1%; Sodium carbonate: 0.5%.

8. The underwater self-bonding reinforcement filling unit according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The underwater self-bonding reinforcement filling unit is evenly divided into block areas from the inside to the outside, and the bonding material is evenly distributed in the block areas.

9. A method for dumping and reinforcing an underwater self-bonding reinforcing filling unit according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: include: S010, throwing the underwater self-bonding reinforcement filling unit into the water at the corresponding position to be reinforced; S020, water flows through the pores of the second packaging layer, contacts the water-soluble film and dissolves it in water; S030, water flows through the pores of the water-permeable membrane, contacts the adhesive material coated therein and undergoes a hydration reaction therewith to generate a hydrate gel, and the hydrate gel overflows through the pores of the water-permeable membrane; S040, the overflowed hydrate gel makes the multiple underwater self-bonding reinforcement filling units adhere to each other to form a pile, and finally solidifies into a whole within 5 minutes.

10. The method for dumping and reinforcing an underwater self-bonding reinforcing filling unit according to claim 9, characterized in that: The overflowed hydrate gel makes the multiple underwater self-bonding reinforcement filling units adhere to each other to form a pile within 1 minute.

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