Main machine of hydraulic breaking hammer

Abstract

The invention discloses a main machine of a hydraulic breaking hammer. The main machine consists of a piston cylinder, a reversing valve, a piston and a drill rod, front-end external threads are arranged at the front end of the piston, internal threads are arranged at the rear end of the drill rod, the front-end external threads of the piston are matched with the internal threads of the drill rod, and the piston and the drill rod are further connected through a drill rod nut. A spiral oil groove is formed in a boss on the rear portion of the piston, high-pressure oil pushes the piston to rotate when passing through the spiral oil groove, and therefore the problem of cylinder score of the piston and the piston cylinder is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic breaking, and in particular to a hydraulic breaking hammer host. Background Art

[0002] Hydraulic breakers are widely used in the demolition of roads and buildings, as well as the crushing of rocks and minerals.

[0003] The working principle of hydraulic breaker is: the hydraulic output pressure oil of excavator and loader is used as the power, and the reciprocating motion of piston is controlled by the reversing valve. When the piston moves, it impacts the drill rod, and the drill rod hits the target object, thereby achieving the purpose of breaking the target object.

[0004] In order to meet the working conditions of the drill rod, a drill rod seat is provided. In order to limit the diameter movement of the drill rod and make the drill rod move axially, an inner bushing and an outer bushing are provided. In order to limit the axial stroke of the drill rod, a buffer chamber is provided at the front of the hydraulic cylinder, and a flat pin is provided on the drill rod seat. This hydraulic breaker has a bulky structure, and the inner bushing and outer bushing are often damaged when the drill rod reciprocates, and the drill rod and the flat pin are also damaged when an unavoidable empty hit occurs.

[0005] In addition, since the shapes of the targets being hit are of different shapes, the drill rod cannot move completely along the axial direction when hitting the target. When the piston hits the drill rod, it will be subjected to lateral force. The lateral force will cause the piston movement to deviate from the axis and contact with the piston cylinder to generate friction. If the friction times increase, cylinder pulling will occur. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention proposes a technical solution in which a piston is directly connected to a drill rod and a spiral oil groove is adopted.

[0007] The present invention is designed as follows: a piston front end external thread is provided at the front end of the piston, a drill rod internal thread is provided at the rear end of the drill rod, and the piston front end external thread matches the drill rod internal thread. A piston front external thread is provided at the outer edge of the front part of the piston, and the piston and the drill rod are connected again through the drill rod nut internal thread at the rear of the drill rod nut. Since the piston is directly connected to the drill rod, the present invention reduces the drill rod seat, inner bushing, outer bushing and flat pin, which are necessary components of the hydraulic breaker in the prior art, greatly reduces the weight of the hydraulic breaker and reduces the cost.

[0008] In order to solve the problem of cylinder pulling, a spiral oil groove is provided on the rear boss of the piston. When the high-pressure oil passes through the spiral oil groove, it pushes the piston to rotate, and an oil film is generated between the piston cylinder and the piston. Due to the relative rotation between the piston and the piston cylinder, the piston and the piston cylinder will not get stuck and cause cylinder pulling.

[0009] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the main engine of the hydraulic breaker in the prior art.

[0010] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of a hydraulic breaker main engine in the prior art.

[0011] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0012] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1 nitrogen chamber, 2 piston cylinder, 3 drill rod seat, 4 piston, 5 drill rod, 6 reversing valve, 7 accumulator, 8 inner bushing, 9 outer bushing, 10 flat pin, 11 drill rod nut, 12 piston front end external thread, 13 drill rod internal thread, 14 piston front external thread, 15 spiral oil groove.

[0013] In the attached Figure 1 In the prior art, the working principle of the hydraulic breaker is that the front chamber of the piston cylinder 2 is high pressure, the rear chamber is a variable pressure chamber, the front chamber of the piston cylinder 2 is connected to the front section of the piston 4, and the rear chamber of the piston cylinder 2 is connected to the rear section of the piston 4. The force area of ​​the front section of the piston 4 is smaller than the force area of ​​the rear section. When the front chamber of the piston cylinder 2 is high pressure and the rear chamber is low pressure, the high pressure oil in the front section of the piston pushes the piston to move backward. At the same time, since the accumulator 7 is connected to the front chamber of the piston cylinder 2, the high pressure oil stores energy in the accumulator. When the front chamber of the piston cylinder 2 is high pressure and the rear chamber is high pressure, since the force area of ​​the rear section of the piston 4 is larger than the front section, the high pressure oil pushes the piston 4 forward, and the energy released by the accumulator 7 assists the piston 4 to move forward. At the same time, the piston 4 hits the drill rod 5, and the drill rod 5 hits the target after being hit. The reversing valve 6 generally has two types: built-in and external. The forward and backward movement of the piston 4 is reversed by the reversing valve 6 to realize the continuous reciprocating movement of the piston 4. In the reciprocating motion of the piston 4, the nitrogen chamber 1 provides a certain auxiliary force in the process of the forward movement of the piston 4.

[0014] In the attached Figure 1 In order to ensure the normal operation of the drill rod 5, a drill rod seat 3 is provided. The inner sleeve 8 and the outer sleeve 9 in the drill rod seat 3 ensure the axial movement of the piston 4. The flat pin 10 and the inner sleeve 8 limit the front and rear positions of the drill rod 5, thereby limiting the stroke of the drill rod.

[0015] From the attached Figure 1 It can be seen that the necessary parts for the normal operation of the piston are the piston cylinder 2, the piston 4, and the reversing valve 6. The necessary parts for the normal operation of the drill rod 5 are the drill rod seat 3, the drill rod 5, the inner bushing 8, the outer bushing 9, and the flat pin 10. Then the necessary parts for the normal operation of the hydraulic breaker are the piston cylinder 2, the piston 4, the reversing valve 6, the drill rod seat 3, the drill rod 5, the inner bushing 8, the outer bushing 9, and the flat pin 10.

[0016] In the attached Figure 3In the embodiment, the front end of the piston 4 is provided with a piston front end external thread 12, and the rear end of the drill rod 5 is provided with a drill rod internal thread 12. The piston 4 and the drill rod 5 are connected through the piston front end external thread 12 and the drill rod internal thread 13. The piston 4 and the drill rod 5 make reciprocating motion together, and the target object is hit by the head of the drill rod 5. The direct threaded connection between the piston 4 and the drill rod 5 will produce a lot of beneficial effects. First, the direct collision between the piston 4 and the drill rod 5 is avoided, and the life of the piston 4 and the drill rod 5 is extended; second, since the piston 4 and the drill rod 5 are directly connected, the hydraulic breaker no longer needs the drill rod seat 3 (i.e., the hydraulic breaker lower cylinder) and the inner bushing 8, outer bushing 9, flat pin 10 and other parts in the drill rod seat 3, which greatly reduces the weight of the hydraulic breaker, not only greatly reduces the cost, but also can use a smaller excavator to drive the hydraulic breaker; third, since the piston 4 and the drill rod 5 are directly connected, the original power component for hitting the target object is only the piston 4, which is now changed to the piston 4, the drill rod 5 and the drill rod nut 11, which greatly improves the striking force.

[0017] In the attached Figure 3 In order to prevent the piston 4 and the drill rod 5 from loosening, a piston front external thread 14 with a spiral direction opposite to the piston front end external thread 12 is set on the front outer edge of the piston 4, and the drill rod internal thread 13 at the rear of the drill rod nut 11 cooperates with the front piston front external thread 14 of the piston 4. When there is a tendency of loosening between the piston front end external thread 12 and the drill rod internal thread 13, a torque in the tightening direction will be applied to the piston front external thread 14, thereby preventing the piston front end external thread 12 and the drill rod internal thread 13 from loosening.

[0018] In the attached Figure 3 In the process, when the drill rod 5 hits the target object, due to the uncertain shape of the target object, the reaction force received by the drill rod 5 when hitting the target object cannot move completely along the axial direction, which will bring a certain lateral force to the drill rod 5 and the piston 4. The lateral force will squeeze the oil film between the piston 4 and the piston cylinder 2, causing direct friction between the piston 4 and the piston cylinder 2, which will cause cylinder pulling after a long working time. Therefore, a spiral oil groove 15 is set on the rear boss of the piston 4. When the rear cavity of the piston cylinder 2 is high pressure, a part of the high-pressure oil will push the piston 4 to rotate through the spiral oil groove 15, and establish an oil film between the piston cylinder 2 and the piston 4. The rotation of the piston 4 also changes the force point of the piston 4 being subjected to the lateral force, thereby solving the problem of cylinder pulling.

[0019] In the attached Figure 3 In order to further prevent loosening between the piston front end external thread 12 and the drill rod internal thread 13, the rotation direction of the piston 4 is set to be the same as the rotation direction of the piston front end external thread 12, that is, the piston front end external thread 12 and the spiral oil groove 15 have the same thread rotation direction.

[0020] When the front end of the spiral oil groove 15 on the piston 4 is connected to the low-pressure chamber of the piston cylinder 2 and the rear end is connected to the high-pressure chamber of the piston cylinder 2, the spiral rotation direction of the spiral oil groove 15 is the same as the spiral rotation direction of the external thread 12 at the front end of the piston.

[0021] When the front end of the spiral oil groove 15 on the piston 4 is connected to the high-pressure chamber of the piston cylinder 2 and the rear end is connected to the low-pressure chamber of the piston cylinder 2, the spiral rotation direction of the spiral oil groove 15 is opposite to the spiral rotation direction of the external thread 12 at the front end of the piston.

Claims

1. A hydraulic breaker main engine, consisting of a piston cylinder, a reversing valve, a piston and a drill rod, characterized in that: The front end of the piston is provided with a piston front end thread, the rear end of the drill rod is provided with a drill rod thread, and the piston front end thread matches with the drill rod thread.

2. A hydraulic breaker mainframe as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a drill rod nut, characterized in that: The drill rod nut internal thread at the rear of the drill rod nut matches with the piston front external thread on the outer edge of the piston front, and the piston front external thread is in opposite direction to the piston front end external thread.

3. A hydraulic breaker main machine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A spiral oil groove is arranged on the piston.

4. A crushing hammer main machine as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The front end of the spiral oil groove arranged on the piston is connected to the low-pressure chamber, and the rear end is connected to the high-pressure chamber of the piston cylinder. The spiral rotation direction of the spiral oil groove is the same as the spiral rotation direction of the external thread at the front end of the piston.

5. A crushing hammer main machine as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The front end of the spiral oil groove arranged on the piston is connected to the high-pressure chamber, and the rear end is connected to the low-pressure chamber of the piston cylinder. The spiral rotation direction of the spiral oil groove is opposite to the spiral rotation direction of the external thread at the front end of the piston.

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