Device and method for monitoring position and speed of piston of light-gas gun

Abstract

The invention provides a device and method for monitoring the position and speed of a light-gas gun piston, and relates to the technical field of impact compression loading.The device comprises a light-gas gun body, a displacement sensor, a signal processing device and a piston, when gunpowder in a gunpowder chamber is ignited, generated high-temperature and high-pressure gas pushes the piston to move from the head of a pump pipe to the tail of the pump pipe; after the light gas and the compressed gas in the pump pipe of the piston reach enough pressure in the high-pressure section, the projectile is pushed to be ejected out at a high speed in the launching pipe, the displacement sensor monitors a piston signal, the monitored piston signal is processed through the signal processing device, and then the real-time working state of the light-gas gun is obtained. According to the invention, the precise position and speed of the piston can be determined without changing the sealing condition of the light-gas gun and influencing the specific motion condition of the piston, the experiment safety and the experiment accuracy are improved, and meanwhile, the piston is changed into a ferromagnetic material, so that the problem of pump pipe abrasion caused by friction between the ferromagnetic material and the inner wall of the pump pipe can be avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of impact compression loading, and in particular to a device and method for monitoring the position and speed of a light gas gun piston. Background Art

[0002] Dynamic high pressure technology generates high pressure by doing work through compression waves and is widely used in fields such as geophysics, materials science, and military technology, especially for explosive explosions, simulating extremely high pressure conditions, and studying the dynamic mechanical properties of materials.

[0003] The two-stage light gas gun is a launching device that drives the piston through the high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated by the combustion of gunpowder. The gas pushed by the piston is mainly light gases such as nitrogen and hydrogen. After being compressed to a certain pressure, they can exert force on the projectile, giving it an extremely high initial velocity. During the launch process, the projectile carries huge kinetic energy and collides with the fixed target in the target chamber, quickly transferring high-density energy to the target body in the form of a shock wave, achieving high-temperature and high-pressure loading of the sample in the target. It is widely used in the study of aerodynamic ballistics, mechanical properties of materials, and theoretical research on atomic and molecular physics under extreme conditions. It is currently one of the commonly used loading methods in laboratory research.

[0004] However, there are still some defects in the actual experimental application of light gas guns, such as the difficulty in ensuring the repeatability and accuracy of the experiment, and the inevitable loss in the process of energy transfer. Therefore, the instantaneous process of accurate energy transfer and the precise speed and position are extremely important. There are currently many methods for measuring the speed of the piston, such as microwave interferometry measurement technology, photoelectric sensor method, numerical simulation method, etc. Although the above methods have been widely used, there are certain errors. For example, the current more accurate numerical simulation method can obtain the motion parameters of the piston, but this is indirectly verified through assumptions, and it is difficult to determine the actual position and state. Therefore, it is particularly important to monitor the position and speed of the light gas gun piston in real time in a laboratory environment to obtain real experimental conditions, which may further reduce the experimental error and explore the cause to ensure the repeatability and accuracy of the experiment. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to precisely improve the accuracy of the experiment and reduce the loss of equipment to a certain extent. The present invention provides a device and method for monitoring the position and speed of a light gas gun piston. The device has a simple structure and does not affect the experimental method. It can obtain the position and speed of the piston at different times through non-contact measurement without affecting the operation of the piston and without reducing the airtightness and safety of the light gas gun pump pipe.

[0006] The object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions. In the first aspect, the present application provides a device for monitoring the position and speed of a light gas gun piston, comprising:

[0007] It includes a light gas gun body, a displacement sensor, a signal processing device and a piston;

[0008] The light gas gun comprises a gunpowder chamber, a pump pipe, a high-pressure section and a launch tube which are connected in sequence, wherein the gunpowder chamber is located at the front end and is used to store gunpowder and generate high-temperature and high-pressure gas through the combustion of gunpowder; one end of the pump pipe is connected to the gunpowder chamber, and the other end is connected to the first port of the high-pressure section, wherein a piston is arranged inside the pump pipe for storing and compressing light gas; the high-pressure section is used to compress the gas; the second port of the high-pressure section is connected to the launch tube, wherein the launch tube is used to convert the compressed gas energy into the kinetic energy of the projectile, so that the projectile is ejected at a high speed;

[0009] Preferably, the powder chamber is capable of compressing the light gas in the pump tube by driving the piston (eg, by driving the piston with detonation bombing gas).

[0010] The displacement sensor is installed on the axial outside of the pump tube and is used to monitor the position change of the piston in real time;

[0011] The signal processing device is connected to the displacement sensor and is used to receive the signal sent by the sensor and convert it into readable data to monitor and analyze the movement state of the piston;

[0012] When the gunpowder in the gunpowder chamber is ignited, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated pushes the piston to move from the head to the tail of the pump tube. The light gas in the pump tube of the piston is pushed to the high-pressure section and further compressed. After the compressed gas reaches a sufficient pressure in the high-pressure section, it pushes the projectile to be ejected at high speed in the launch tube. The displacement sensor monitors the piston signal and uses the signal processing device to process the monitored piston signal, thereby obtaining the real-time working status of the light gas gun.

[0013] Preferably, the piston located in the pump tube includes three parts, namely, a piston head, a piston tail and a piston middle part, wherein the piston head is connected to the front end of the pump tube, and when the gunpowder in the gunpowder chamber burns, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas pushes the piston head, thereby driving the entire piston to move; the piston middle part includes parallel electrodes, and when the parallel electrodes move in the piston, they interact with the sensor to monitor the position and movement speed of the piston; the piston tail is located at the end of the pump tube, and when the piston is pushed to the tail, the compressed light gas is pushed toward the high-pressure section.

[0014] Specifically, the main body of the light gas gun is connected in sequence by a gunpowder chamber, a pump pipe, a high-pressure section, and a launch tube; a modified piston is placed in the pump pipe; the high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated by the combustion in the gunpowder chamber drives the piston in the pump pipe, thereby compressing the light gas (usually nitrogen or hydrogen) to the high-pressure section. When the light gas is compressed to a certain pressure, it can break through the film at the connection between the high-pressure section and the launch tube to exert force on the projectile, so that the projectile obtains an extremely high initial velocity and has huge kinetic energy during the launch process. Thus, energy transfer is achieved.

[0015] Preferably, the parallel electrodes include parallel electrode moving ends. When the piston moves in the pump tube, the position change of the parallel electrode moving end will cause the capacitance to change, thereby measuring the position and speed of the piston, wherein the distance between the moving electrode and the fixed electrode located in the displacement capacitive sensor will change, and the capacitance will change according to the change in the electrode spacing.

[0016] Preferably, the displacement sensor is installed on the axial outside of the pump pipe by being fixed to the housing or supporting structure of the gas gun through a bracket or a fixing device, completely covering the pump pipe portion.

[0017] Preferably, the signal processing device utilizes a high-precision capacitance measurement circuit to detect changes in capacitance, thereby determining the position and speed of the piston.

[0018] Preferably, when the piston moves between the head and tail ends of the pump tube, the parallel electrodes in the middle display the instantaneous position of the piston in real time. As the position of the moving electrode in the middle of the piston changes, the distance between the moving electrode and the fixed electrode changes, causing the capacitance value to be adjusted accordingly.

[0019] Preferably, the launch tube is a two-stage light gas gun, and the pump tube of the two-stage light gas gun has a built-in improved piston; the piston is made of ferromagnetic material and is a good conductor, so placing the moving end of the parallel electrode in the middle can avoid the problem of pump tube wear caused by friction between the ferromagnetic material and the inner wall of the pump tube, wherein the piston is cylindrical in shape, and the piston does not contact the inner wall of the pump tube, thereby reducing the energy loss caused by friction and the damage to the light gas gun barrel, and the diameter of the piston is smaller than the inner wall diameter of the pump tube.

[0020] Preferably, the capacitive displacement sensor is fully covered at the beginning and the end of the pump tube.

[0021] Preferably, the middle part of the piston is another movable electrode parallel to the electrode. Since the improved piston is a conductor, the movable electrode can be prevented from being inside the piston; the entire piston, i.e. the tail, middle part and head part, slides in conjunction with the inside of the pump tube; the tail part of the piston is connected to the port of the powder chamber.

[0022] In a second aspect, the present application also provides a method for monitoring the position and speed of a light gas gun piston, comprising the following steps:

[0023] Step 1: Ignite the gunpowder in the gunpowder chamber of the light gas gun to generate high-temperature and high-pressure gas. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas pushes the piston in the pump tube to move from the end close to the gunpowder chamber to the end close to the high-pressure section, compressing the light gas in the pump tube;

[0024] Step 2: Install the displacement sensor on the outside of the pump tube, align its moving electrode part with the moving electrode in the middle of the piston, and monitor the displacement distance between the moving electrode and the fixed electrode of the sensor;

[0025] Step 3: Use a signal processing device to convert the capacitance change into an electrical signal, and use a conversion function to convert the signal output by the sensor into the position of the piston. Based on the position of the piston, the average speed of the piston is calculated;

[0026] Step 4: Based on the data points detected by the sensor during the movement of the piston from the first section to the end of the pump tube, real-time monitoring and high sampling frequency data collection are used to obtain data on the displacement change over time, and differential calculation is performed to obtain the instantaneous speed of the piston.

[0027] Preferably, the relationship between the capacitance signal measured by the signal processing device and the piston position is usually linear, and the relationship between the sensor output signal (V) and the piston position (x) can be expressed as: [x(t) = f(V(t))] where (f) is the conversion function from the sensor signal to the displacement. The average velocity and displacement calculation formula is: The instantaneous velocity can be obtained by fitting the displacement-time image.

[0028] Preferably, for the determination of the precise speed, the above-mentioned real-time monitoring of the change in the piston position is performed to obtain the data points detected by the sensor during the process of the piston moving from the first section to the end of the pump tube. At the same time, it is ensured that the data acquisition system of the signal processing device has a sufficiently high sampling frequency to capture the rapid movement of the piston. The displacement change data over time is obtained.

[0029] Preferably, the images of displacement points and time are fitted, and the real-time position data is differentially processed (the ratio of the position change to the time interval is calculated), and the calculation formula is: Then the instantaneous speed of the piston is obtained.

[0030] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0031] The present invention can determine the precise position and speed of the piston without changing the airtight conditions of the light gas gun and without affecting the specific movement of the piston, thereby improving the safety and accuracy of the experiment. At the same time, by changing the piston to a ferromagnetic material, the problem of wear of the pump tube caused by the friction between the ferromagnetic material and the inner wall of the pump tube can be avoided, thereby maximizing the experimental benefits and significantly improving the experimental detection accuracy, which is of great significance to promoting research and teaching in the fields of shock wave physics and earth and planetary sciences.

[0032] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and partly become apparent from the description, or be understood by implementing the embodiments of the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained by the structures particularly pointed out in the written description, claims, and drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a system for monitoring the position and speed of a light gas gun piston according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 The figure is a flow chart of a method for monitoring the position and speed of a light gas gun piston described in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] In the figure: 1. Powder chamber; 2. Pump pipe; 3. Displacement sensor; 4. Signal processing device; 5. High-voltage section, 6. Launch tube; 7. Piston tail; 8. Parallel electrode moving end; 9. Piston head. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in the subsequent drawings. At the same time, in the description of the present invention, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0039] Embodiment 1:

[0040] This embodiment provides a device for monitoring the position and speed of a light gas gun piston.

[0041] See also Figure 1 This embodiment provides a device for monitoring the position and speed of a light gas gun piston, comprising:

[0042] It includes a light gas gun body, a displacement sensor 3, a signal processing device 4 and a piston;

[0043] The light gas gun comprises a gunpowder chamber 1, a pump pipe 2, a high-pressure section 5 and a launch tube 6 which are connected in sequence, wherein the gunpowder chamber 1 is located at the front end and is used to store gunpowder and generate high-temperature and high-pressure gas through the combustion of gunpowder; one end of the pump pipe 2 is connected to the gunpowder chamber 1, and the other end is connected to the first port of the high-pressure section 5, wherein a piston is arranged inside the pump pipe 2 for storing and compressing light gas; the high-pressure section 5 is used for compressing gas; the second port of the high-pressure section 5 is connected to the launch tube 6, wherein the launch tube 6 is used to convert the compressed gas energy into the kinetic energy of the projectile, so that the projectile is ejected at high speed;

[0044] The displacement sensor 3 is installed on the axial outer side of the pump tube 2 to monitor the position change of the piston in real time; the signal processing device 4 is connected to the displacement sensor 3 to receive the signal sent by the sensor and convert it into readable data to monitor and analyze the movement state of the piston;

[0045] When the gunpowder in the gunpowder chamber 1 is ignited, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated pushes the piston to move from the head to the tail of the pump tube 2. The light gas in the pump tube 2 of the piston is pushed to the high-pressure section 5 and further compressed. After the compressed gas reaches a sufficient pressure in the high-pressure section 5, it pushes the projectile to be ejected at high speed in the launch tube 6. The displacement sensor 3 monitors the piston signal, and uses the signal processing device 4 to process the monitored piston signal, thereby obtaining the real-time working status of the light gas gun.

[0046] In some optional embodiments, the light gas gun includes a launching mechanism 1, a pump tube 2, and a launching tube 6 connected in sequence, the pump tube 2 can coaxially accommodate a piston containing a ferromagnetic material, and the gunpowder chamber 1 can compress the light gas in the pump tube 2 by driving the piston (such as driving the piston by explosive gas), so that the projectile in the launching tube 6 is ejected; the capacitive displacement sensor 3 is arranged on the outside of the pump tube 2, at least fully covering the head and tail of the pump tube, such as Figure 1 As shown, the dotted line portion is the measurement range of the capacitive displacement sensor.

[0047] When the piston compresses the gas, the piston moves from the end of the pump tube 2 close to the gunpowder chamber 1 to the end close to the high-pressure section 5. In this process, because the piston contains parallel electrodes, it can be sensed and captured and recorded by the capacitive displacement sensor in real time. The moving distance in the corresponding time is thus obtained, thereby obtaining the position, speed and acceleration of the piston. Among them, the piston uses ferromagnetic material and does not contact the inner wall of the pump tube 2. In this way, the problem of wear of the pump tube 2 caused by the friction between the ferromagnetic material and the inner wall of the pump tube 2 can be avoided, and the kinetic energy loss of the piston can also be reduced, thereby increasing the projectile launch speed.

[0048] It should be noted that in the light gas gun system, the gunpowder combustion in the gunpowder chamber 1 produces high-temperature and high-pressure gas, which pushes the piston to move from the head to the tail in the pump tube 2, compressing the light gas and pushing it to the high-pressure section 5 for further compression. After the compressed gas reaches sufficient pressure in the high-pressure section 5, it pushes the projectile to be ejected at high speed in the launch tube 6. The displacement sensor 3 is installed on the outside of the pump tube 2 to monitor the position change of the piston in real time and transmit the data to the signal processing device 4. The device receives the sensor signal and converts it into readable data to monitor and analyze the movement state of the piston. This process not only ensures the accurate launch of the light gas gun, but also optimizes the system performance through real-time data feedback, and improves the reliability and efficiency of the launch.

[0049] It is understandable that in terms of technical effects, this design achieves efficient energy conversion and precise control of the light gas gun. By accurately monitoring the piston position, the system can adjust the launch parameters in real time and optimize the launch trajectory and speed of the projectile. In addition, the coordinated work of the displacement sensor and the signal processing device improves the response speed and data processing capability of the system, allowing the light gas gun to quickly adapt to different launch requirements in practical applications, such as military training, scientific research testing or industrial applications.

[0050] Specifically, the piston located in the pump tube 2 includes three parts, namely, a piston head 9, a piston tail 7 and a piston middle part, wherein the piston head 9 is connected to the front end of the pump tube 2, and when the gunpowder in the gunpowder chamber 1 burns, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas pushes the piston head, thereby driving the entire piston to move; the piston middle part includes parallel electrodes, and when the parallel electrodes move in the piston, they interact with the sensor to monitor the position and movement speed of the piston; the piston tail 7 is located at the end of the pump tube 2, and when the piston is pushed to the tail, the compressed light gas is pushed toward the high-pressure section 5.

[0051] It is understandable that parallel electrodes are installed in the middle of the piston, which interact with the displacement sensor during the movement of the piston, monitor the position and movement speed of the piston in real time, and provide accurate feedback data for the system. The piston tail 7 is located at the end of the pump tube 2. When the piston is pushed to the tail, the compressed light gas is pushed to the high-pressure section 5, ready to finally push the projectile to be ejected at high speed in the launch tube 6. This design not only improves the launch efficiency and accuracy of the light gas gun, but also optimizes the launch process through real-time monitoring and data analysis, ensuring the stability and reliability of the system. In practical applications, this piston design can be further combined with advanced sensor technology and intelligent control algorithms to achieve more complex control logic and adaptive adjustment, and improve the overall performance of the system.

[0052] Specifically, the parallel electrode includes a parallel electrode moving end 8. When the piston moves in the pump tube, the position change of the parallel electrode moving end 8 will cause the change of capacitance, thereby measuring the position and speed of the piston;

[0053] When the piston moves between the head and tail ends of the pump tube 2, the parallel electrodes in the middle display the instantaneous position of the piston in real time. As the position of the moving electrode in the middle of the piston changes, the distance between the moving electrode and the fixed electrode changes, causing the capacitance value to be adjusted accordingly.

[0054] It should be noted that in the light gas gun system, a parallel electrode moving end 8 is installed in the middle of the piston. This design allows the piston to move in the pump tube 2, and the position and speed of the piston can be accurately measured by the change in capacitance. When the piston moves between the head and the tail end of the pump tube 2, the distance between the parallel electrode moving end 8 in the middle of the piston and the fixed electrode of the displacement sensor changes, causing the capacitance value to change. This change is captured by the sensor and converted into an electrical signal, and then the signal processing device 4 processes these signals and converts them into the instantaneous position information of the piston. This process not only provides real-time data of piston movement, but also optimizes the launch performance of the light gas gun and improves the launch accuracy and speed of the projectile through precise displacement monitoring.

[0055] In practical applications, this displacement monitoring technology based on capacitance changes can be combined with other sensor technologies, such as pressure sensors and temperature sensors, to achieve more comprehensive system monitoring. In addition, by introducing advanced data processing algorithms and machine learning technologies, the system's adaptability and intelligence level can be further improved, allowing it to remain efficient and stable in a changing working environment. The application of this technology is not limited to light gas guns, but can also be extended to other industrial and scientific research fields that require precise control and monitoring, such as internal combustion engine piston position monitoring, hydraulic system control, etc., showing its wide application potential and innovative value.

[0056] Specifically, the piston is made of ferromagnetic material, has a cylindrical shape, does not contact the inner wall of the pump tube 2, and has a diameter smaller than the inner wall diameter of the pump tube 2; the displacement sensor 3 is installed on the axial outside of the pump tube 2 by being fixed to the outer casing or supporting structure of the gas gun through a bracket or a fixing device.

[0057] Specifically, the signal processing device 4 uses a high-precision capacitance measurement circuit to detect changes in capacitance, thereby determining the position and speed of the piston.

[0058] It should be noted that in the light gas gun system, the piston is made of ferromagnetic material and is cylindrical in shape. Its design ensures that the piston maintains contactless movement between the inner walls of the pump tube 2. This design reduces friction and wear, and improves the durability of the system and the ease of maintenance. The diameter of the piston is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the pump tube, which allows the piston to move freely under the push of high-pressure gas, while ensuring sealing to prevent gas leakage. The displacement sensor 3 is installed on the axial outer side of the pump tube 2 through a bracket or a fixture. This installation method is not only stable, but also convenient for the sensor and the parallel electrodes of the piston to perform accurate capacitance measurement. The signal processing device 4 uses a high-precision capacitance measurement circuit to monitor the position and speed of the piston in real time by detecting the change in capacitance. This high-precision measurement technology is essential to ensure the accurate launch of the light gas gun. In practical applications, this design can be further integrated with an intelligent control system to achieve automated launch control and optimization. In addition, the selection of ferromagnetic materials can also enable the piston to achieve more accurate positioning and control under the action of a magnetic field, which is of great significance for improving the performance and application range of the light gas gun.

[0059] Embodiment 2:

[0060] like Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for monitoring the position and speed of a light gas gun piston, see Figure 2 The method comprises the following steps:

[0061] Step 1: Ignite the gunpowder in the gunpowder chamber 1 of the light gas gun to generate high-temperature and high-pressure gas. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas pushes the piston in the pump tube 2 to move from the end close to the gunpowder chamber 1 to the end close to the high-pressure section 5, compressing the light gas in the pump tube 2;

[0062] Step 2: Install the displacement sensor 3 on the outside of the pump tube 2, align its moving electrode part with the moving electrode in the middle of the piston, and monitor the displacement distance between the moving electrode and the fixed electrode of the sensor;

[0063] Step 3: Use the signal processing device 4 to convert the capacitance change into an electrical signal, and convert the signal output by the sensor into the position of the piston through a conversion function. Based on the position of the piston, the average speed of the piston is calculated;

[0064] Step 4: Based on the data points detected by the sensor during the movement of the piston from the first section to the end of the pump tube, real-time monitoring and high sampling frequency data collection are used to obtain data on the displacement change over time, and differential calculation is performed to obtain the instantaneous speed of the piston.

[0065] Specifically, the instantaneous speed of the piston is obtained through differential calculation processing, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0066]

[0067] Where v is the instantaneous velocity, △x is the calculated position change, and △t is the ratio of the time interval.

[0068] It should be noted that in the light gas gun system, the gunpowder in the gunpowder chamber 1 is ignited to generate high-temperature and high-pressure gas, which acts as a driving force to push the piston to move from the gunpowder chamber end to the high-pressure section end in the pump tube 2 to achieve the compression of the light gas. The technical effect of this step is to provide the necessary energy and pressure for the launch of the light gas gun, ensure that the gas can be effectively compressed, and provide power for the launch of the projectile.

[0069] The displacement sensor 3 is installed on the outside of the pump tube 2, and is aligned with the moving electrode in the middle of the piston through a bracket or a fixing device to monitor the change in the distance between the moving electrode and the fixed electrode of the sensor. The technical effect of this step is to accurately monitor the position and speed of the piston through the change in capacitance, provide real-time feedback to the system, and ensure accurate control of the piston movement.

[0070] The signal processing device 4 receives the capacitance change signal of the sensor, converts it into an electrical signal, and converts these signals into the position information of the piston using a conversion function. The technical effect of this step is to convert the physical measurement of the sensor into readable data, which is convenient for the system to further process and analyze, and provide a basis for controlling and optimizing the firing process.

[0071] It should be noted that in the process of the piston moving from the front end to the rear end of the pump tube, data on displacement changes over time are obtained through real-time monitoring and high sampling frequency data acquisition. The technical effect of this step is to obtain detailed data on the movement of the piston, providing a basis for subsequent data analysis and processing. The displacement data is converted into instantaneous velocity through differential calculation processing. The technical effect of this step is to obtain the speed of the piston at different times, providing more accurate data support for the launch control of the light gas gun.

[0072] Combining related expertise and existing technologies, the design of light gas gun systems can be further optimized. For example, advanced materials and manufacturing technologies can be used to improve the durability and efficiency of pistons and pump pipes, higher-precision sensors and signal processing technologies can be introduced to improve measurement accuracy, and modern electronic technology and artificial intelligence algorithms can be used to optimize signal processing and data analysis to improve the system's adaptability and intelligence level. In addition, the design principles and technologies of this piston can be applied to other fields that require precise control and rapid response, such as internal combustion engine piston position monitoring, hydraulic system control, etc., showing a wide range of application potential and innovative value.

[0073] In some embodiments, in terms of ignition control optimization, a precise ignition control system, such as an electronic ignition system, is required to ensure the synchronization and consistency of the gunpowder combustion in the gunpowder chamber 1, thereby generating uniform high-temperature and high-pressure gas, and introducing a gas circulation system to optimize the management of the gas by recycling and reusing part of the gas, reducing gunpowder consumption, improving the energy efficiency of the system; in terms of high-precision monitoring of displacement sensors, in addition to capacitive displacement sensors, other types of sensors, such as optical sensors or electromagnetic sensors, are integrated to provide redundant measurements and enhance the reliability and accuracy of the system, wherein an adaptive algorithm is developed to enable the sensor to automatically adjust its sensitivity and measurement range according to the motion characteristics of the piston to adapt to different operating conditions. , adjust the adaptive sensor; in terms of signal processing and data analysis, real-time data processing technology, such as edge computing, can be used to assign data processing tasks to computing nodes near the sensor, reduce data transmission delays, and improve response speed. Machine learning algorithms can be used to analyze the motion data of the piston, predict the wear and maintenance needs of the piston, and realize predictive maintenance. Finally, in terms of speed measurement and control, the measured instantaneous speed is compared with the preset target speed, and the ignition time of the gunpowder chamber and the movement speed of the piston are automatically adjusted through a closed-loop control system to achieve more precise control. An intelligent diagnostic system is developed to identify potential system failures or performance degradation by analyzing changes in piston speed, and timely remind maintenance personnel to intervene.

[0074] Therefore, these creative technical steps not only improve the accuracy and efficiency of the light gas gun system, but also enhance the system's adaptability and intelligence level. Through real-time monitoring and intelligent control, the system can better adapt to different operating conditions and improve the reliability and safety of the launch. In addition, through predictive maintenance and intelligent diagnosis, the system's downtime can be reduced, maintenance costs can be reduced, and the system's service life can be extended. Based on the above technical steps, it can also be applied to military training, aerospace testing, material testing and other fields to provide high-precision and high-reliability launch systems. At the same time, these technologies can also be extended to other industrial and scientific research fields that require precise control and monitoring, such as automotive engine testing, hydraulic system control, etc., showing a wide range of application potential and innovative value.

[0075] It should be noted that, regarding the system in the above embodiment, the specific manner in which each module performs operations has been described in detail in the embodiment of the method, and will not be elaborated here.

[0076] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0077] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A device for monitoring the position and speed of a light gas gun piston, characterized in that: include: It comprises a light gas gun body, a displacement sensor (3), a signal processing device (4) and a piston; The light gas gun comprises a gunpowder chamber (1), a pump pipe (2), a high-pressure section (5) and a launch tube (6) which are connected in sequence, wherein the gunpowder chamber (1) is located at the front end and is used to store gunpowder and generate high-temperature and high-pressure gas through the combustion of gunpowder; one end of the pump pipe (2) is connected to the gunpowder chamber (1), and the other end is connected to the first port of the high-pressure section (5), wherein a piston is arranged inside the pump pipe (2) and is used to store and compress light gas; the high-pressure section (5) is used to compress gas; the second port of the high-pressure section (5) is connected to the launch tube (6), wherein the launch tube (6) is used to convert the compressed gas energy into the kinetic energy of a projectile, so that the projectile is ejected at a high speed; The displacement sensor (3) is installed on the axial outer side of the pump tube (2) and is used to monitor the position change of the piston in real time; The signal processing device (4) is connected to the displacement sensor (3) and is used to receive the signal sent by the sensor and convert it into readable data to monitor and analyze the movement state of the piston; When the gunpowder in the gunpowder chamber (1) is ignited, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated pushes the piston to move from the head to the tail of the pump tube (2), and the light gas in the pump tube (2) of the piston is pushed to the high-pressure section (5) and further compressed. After the compressed gas reaches a sufficient pressure in the high-pressure section (5), it pushes the projectile to be ejected at a high speed in the launch tube (6). The displacement sensor (3) monitors the piston signal, and the signal processing device (4) processes the monitored piston signal, thereby obtaining the real-time working status of the light gas gun.

2. The device for monitoring the position and speed of a light gas gun piston according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piston is located in the pump tube (2) and comprises three parts, namely a piston head (9), a piston tail (7) and a piston middle part, wherein the piston head (9) is connected to the front end of the pump tube (2), and when the gunpowder in the gunpowder chamber (1) burns, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas pushes the piston head, thereby driving the entire piston to move; the piston middle part comprises parallel electrodes, and when the parallel electrodes move in the piston, they interact with the sensor to monitor the position and movement speed of the piston; the piston tail (7) is located at the end of the pump tube (2), and when the piston is pushed to the tail, the compressed light gas is pushed to the high-pressure section (5).

3. The device for monitoring the position and speed of a light gas gun piston according to claim 2, characterized in that: The parallel electrodes include a parallel electrode moving end (8). When the piston moves in the pump tube, the position change of the parallel electrode moving end (8) will cause the capacitance to change, thereby measuring the position and speed of the piston.

4. The device for monitoring the position and speed of a light gas gun piston according to claim 1, characterized in that: The displacement sensor (3) is installed on the axial outer side of the pump pipe (2) by being fixedly connected to the outer shell or supporting structure of the gas gun through a bracket or a fixing device.

5. The device for monitoring the position and speed of a light gas gun piston according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal processing device (4) uses a high-precision capacitance measurement circuit to detect changes in capacitance, thereby determining the position and speed of the piston.

6. The device for monitoring the position and speed of a light gas gun piston according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the piston moves between the head and tail ends of the pump tube (2), the parallel electrodes in the middle display the instantaneous position of the piston in real time. As the position of the moving electrode in the middle of the piston changes, the distance between the moving electrode and the fixed electrode changes, causing the capacitance value to be adjusted accordingly.

7. The device for monitoring the position and speed of a light gas gun piston according to claim 1, characterized in that: The launching tube (6) is a two-stage light gas gun.

8. The device for monitoring the position and speed of a light gas gun piston according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piston is made of ferromagnetic material and is cylindrical in shape. The piston does not contact the inner wall of the pump tube (2), and the diameter of the piston is smaller than the diameter of the inner wall of the pump tube (2).

9. A method for monitoring the position and speed of a light gas gun piston, based on the device for monitoring the position and speed of a light gas gun piston according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: ignite the gunpowder in the gunpowder chamber (1) of the light gas gun to generate high-temperature and high-pressure gas, which pushes the piston in the pump tube (2) to move from the end close to the gunpowder chamber (1) to the end close to the high-pressure section (5), thereby compressing the light gas in the pump tube (2); Step 2: Install the displacement sensor (3) on the outside of the pump tube (2), align its moving electrode portion with the moving electrode in the middle of the piston, and monitor the displacement distance between the moving electrode and the fixed electrode of the sensor; Step 3: using the signal processing device (4) to convert the capacitance change into an electrical signal, and using a conversion function to convert the signal output by the sensor into the position of the piston, and based on the position of the piston, the average speed of the piston is calculated; Step 4: Based on the data points detected by the sensor during the movement of the piston from the first section to the end of the pump tube, real-time monitoring and high sampling frequency data collection are used to obtain data on the displacement change over time, and differential calculation is performed to obtain the instantaneous speed of the piston.

10. The method for monitoring the position and speed of a light gas gun piston according to claim 9, characterized in that: After the differential calculation, the instantaneous speed of the piston is obtained, and the calculation formula is as follows: Where v is the instantaneous velocity, △x is the calculated position change, and △t is the ratio of the time interval.

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