Temperature control system and method for laser module

Abstract

The invention discloses a temperature control system and method for a laser module, and the system comprises a driving layer and a hardware layer, and the driving layer comprises an intelligent adjustment temperature processing module, a temperature sensor data reading module, a temperature related data processing module, and a digital potentiometer control module. The intelligent adjusting temperature processing module is used for ensuring that the temperature of the pump source is stabilized in a set range; the temperature sensor data reading module is used for reading the numerical value of the temperature sensor; the temperature related data processing module is used for processing the obtained temperature data; the digital potentiometer control module is used for accurately adjusting the working current of the laser module, the hardware layer comprises a temperature sensor, a thermoelectric cooler and a digital potentiometer, the digital potentiometer adjusts the magnitude of the current input into the laser module, the continuous and efficient performance output of the laser module is improved, the service life of the laser module is prolonged, and a temperature control algorithm is intelligently adjusted. The continuous and effective output of the laser is ensured, and the usability and the universality of the laser are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of laser modules, and in particular to a temperature control system and method of a laser module. Background Art

[0002] Traditional laser module control systems have problems such as insufficient precision, slow response, and poor stability in current regulation, temperature monitoring, and temperature control. These problems directly affect the output power stability, service life, and overall performance of the laser module. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop a laser module control system that can accurately control current, monitor in real time, and intelligently adjust temperature.

[0003] At present, the existing laser modules mainly use fans to cool down the structure to achieve the light output of the laser module. This method has the following defects and limitations:

[0004] 1. The interruption of module light emission is easily affected by temperature: the existing technology of laser modules is very affected by temperature. For example, the light emission temperature of the laser module pump source is about 10℃~30℃. As long as the pump source temperature is lower than 10℃ or higher than 30℃, the laser module will stop emitting light immediately. Only when the pump source temperature returns to the aforementioned range can it be used normally. Under this condition, it is greatly unfavorable to the development and popularization of the product.

[0005] 2. The output laser power performance of the module is unstable: Temperature changes will affect the output power, wavelength stability and beam quality of the laser. The laser module needs to work within a certain temperature range to maintain stable output and performance. This is not something that individual users or small and medium-sized enterprises will pay for such an unstable product, which limits the widespread application of laser technology. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a temperature control system and method for a laser module to solve the above problems.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A temperature control system and method for a laser module, comprising a drive layer and a hardware layer, wherein the drive layer comprises an intelligent temperature adjustment processing module, a temperature sensor data reading module, a temperature-related data processing module, and a digital potentiometer control module, wherein the intelligent temperature adjustment processing module is used to ensure that the pump source temperature is stable within a set range; the temperature sensor data reading module is used to read the temperature sensor value; the temperature-related data processing module is used to process the obtained temperature data; the digital potentiometer control module is used to accurately adjust the working current of the laser module, and the hardware layer comprises a temperature sensor, a thermoelectric cooler, and a digital potentiometer.

[0009] Preferably, the intelligent temperature control processing module includes system settings and initial state, real-time temperature measurement, error calculation, PID controller calculation, adjustment of system output, system feedback and adjustment. The PID controller continuously monitors and adjusts the control output to gradually make the actual temperature of the system approach the desired set point. Proportional control processes the current error, integral control eliminates long-term error, and differential control reduces the rate of error change. The combination of the three achieves precise temperature control. Through real-time feedback and adjustment, the PID controller can effectively maintain the system within a stable temperature range.

[0010] Preferably, the temperature sensor data reading module includes sensor data reading, data value range verification, error handling, and system maintenance. The temperature sensor reads the data value of the thermistor in real time and compares it with a preset thermistor coefficient lookup table. If the data is within a preset reasonable range, the data value is passed to the temperature-related data processing module.

[0011] Preferably, the temperature-related data processing module includes temperature value calculation, algorithm implementation, data verification, exception handling, and data transmission.

[0012] Preferably, the digital potentiometer control module includes an automatic mode and a manual mode. The automatic mode compares the actual temperature with the target temperature, and the digital potentiometer accurately adjusts and controls the laser module pump source temperature at a preset temperature target value through a PID algorithm; the manual mode adjusts the minimum and maximum values ​​of the laser module input current through a digital potentiometer under the premise that the pump source is at an optimal temperature. The minimum value of the input current is adjusted first, and the minimum value will affect the linearity of the laser power output by the laser module, and the maximum value of the input current will affect the power consumption of the entire machine.

[0013] A temperature control method for a laser module, the method comprising:

[0014] Step 1: Through microcontroller (MCU) programming control, precise adjustment of the laser module working current is achieved. The control system can dynamically adjust the potentiometer resistance according to preset parameters or real-time feedback signals, thereby stably and accurately controlling the current input of the laser module and realizing digital potentiometer control of the input laser module current.

[0015] Step 2: Read the resistance value of the thermistor (NTC or PTC) on the pump source in real time. The resistance value directly reflects the working temperature of the pump source. Through the conversion algorithm, the resistance value is converted into a temperature value, providing an accurate basis for temperature control and realizing the reading of the thermistor value of the laser module pump source.

[0016] Step 3: Set the safe range threshold of the pump source temperature, compare the read temperature value with the threshold, if it exceeds the range, trigger the alarm mechanism and start the corresponding temperature adjustment measures to determine whether the pump source thermistor value is within a reasonable range.

[0017] Step 4: Use the PID (proportional-integral-differential) control algorithm to automatically adjust the working state of the cooling system (thermoelectric cooler TEC) according to the deviation between the pump source temperature and the target temperature, ensure that the pump source temperature is stable within the set range, improve the stability of the power output and service life of the laser module, and achieve intelligent temperature regulation in a stable state.

[0018] Step 5: Combine the above-mentioned current precision control and temperature stabilization technologies to optimize the laser module's drive circuit and feedback mechanism to ensure that the laser output power can maintain good linearity under different working conditions. At the same time, fine-tune the laser output through software algorithms to further improve the accuracy and stability of the output power and achieve a laser with good output power linearity.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The present invention significantly improves the performance of laser output power, energy consumption, ease of use and service life of laser engraving:

[0021] 1. Improved the performance of laser output power: In addition to being the critical value for laser emission, the appropriate minimum current can also control the linear output of laser power, allowing the laser to continuously and efficiently output laser power.

[0022] 2. Increased service life of the laser module: The maximum current value can control the power output of the entire machine to avoid power waste. At the same time, high power consumption will also reduce the service life of the module.

[0023] 3. Easy to popularize the use of laser modules: The laser module pump source can only output laser at the appropriate temperature. Through the intelligent adjustment of the temperature control algorithm, it is guaranteed that the laser module always outputs laser continuously and effectively at a constant and appropriate temperature, solving the problem that this type of laser is difficult to popularize.

[0024] In summary, the present invention solves the problem that the existing laser module technology is difficult to popularize and use, while improving the laser power performance of the module, reducing energy consumption, and increasing the service life of the laser module. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 The laser module system of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a diagram of the module control system of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the potentiometer interface in the first manual mode of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a graph showing the grayscale restoration capability of a display tested by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the potentiometer interface in the second manual mode of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Example: Refer to Figure 1-2 A temperature control system and method for a laser module, including a driving layer and a hardware layer, wherein the driving layer includes an intelligent temperature adjustment processing module, a temperature sensor data reading module, a temperature-related data processing module, and a digital potentiometer control module, wherein the intelligent temperature adjustment processing module is used to ensure that the pump source temperature is stable within a set range; the temperature sensor data reading module is used to read the temperature sensor value; the temperature-related data processing module is used to process the obtained temperature data; the digital potentiometer control module is used to accurately adjust the working current of the laser module, and the hardware layer includes a temperature sensor, a thermoelectric cooler, and a digital potentiometer.

[0032] Furthermore, the intelligent temperature adjustment processing module includes system settings and initial state, real-time temperature measurement, error calculation, PID controller calculation, adjustment of system output, system feedback and adjustment. The PID controller continuously monitors and adjusts the control output to gradually bring the actual temperature of the system close to the desired set point. Proportional control processes the current error, integral control eliminates the long-term error, and differential control reduces the speed of error change. The combination of the three realizes precise temperature control. Through real-time feedback and adjustment, the PID controller can effectively maintain the system within a stable temperature range.

[0033] 1. System settings and initial status

[0034] Setpoint: This is the target temperature you want the system to reach.

[0035] For example, if you set the target temperature to 32°C, the controller will adjust the system according to this value.

[0036] 2. Real-time temperature measurement

[0037] Measuring temperature: The system will measure the current actual temperature in real time through a temperature sensor.

[0038] 3. Calculation error

[0039] Error: The difference between the calculated set point and the actual temperature is the error.

[0040] 4.PID controller calculation

[0041] Proportional control (P): adjusts the control output according to the current error. The proportional gain (K_p) determines the degree of influence of the error on the output. The role of proportional control is to quickly respond to changes in error and reduce the error;

[0042] [\text{proportional output}=K_p\times\text{error}]

[0043] Integral control (I): adjusts the control output according to the accumulated value of the error. The integral gain (K_i) is used to eliminate long-term steady-state errors and ensure that the system can eventually reach the set point. Integral control accumulates past errors and converts them into control output;

[0044] [\text{Integral output}=K_i\times\int(\text{error},dt)]

[0045] (t): Time variable, representing the time from the start of the control system to the current moment. The integral operation is the accumulation of the error during this period of time.

[0046] (dt) is a small increment of time that is used to calculate the total amount of error accumulated over a period of time. Integral control adjusts the control output by accumulating past errors.

[0047] Derivative control (D): adjusts the control output according to the speed of error change. The differential gain (K_d) is used to predict the error change trend and reduce overshoot and oscillation. The differential control responds to the rate of change of the error;

[0048] [\text{differential output}=K_d\times\frac{d(\text{error})}{dt}]

[0049] d(error) is the derivative of the error with respect to time, that is, the rate at which the error changes over time. It describes how fast the error changes and helps predict future error trends.

[0050] (dt) is the time increment used to calculate the rate at which the error changes over time. Derivative control adjusts the control output by the speed at which the error changes and predicts the future trend of the error.

[0051] Comprehensive output: Add the proportional, integral and differential outputs to get the final control signal;

[0052] [\text{Control output}=\text{Proportional output}+\text{Integral output}+\text{Derivative output}]

[0053] 5. Adjust system output

[0054] Control signal: According to the control output signal calculated by the PID controller, adjust the actual control effect of the system. For example:

[0055] Heating system: Increase heating power to increase temperature. If the control signal is high, the power of the heating device increases, resulting in an increase in temperature.

[0056] Cooling system: Increase cooling power to reduce temperature. If the control signal is high, the power of the cooling device increases, resulting in a drop in temperature.

[0057] 6. System feedback and adjustments

[0058] Feedback: The system will feed back the current actual temperature to the PID controller in real time. The PID controller will continuously adjust the control output based on the new error calculation results to ensure that the temperature is stable near the set point.

[0059] Summarize:

[0060] The PID controller continuously monitors and adjusts the control output to gradually bring the actual temperature of the system closer to the desired set point. Proportional control handles current errors, integral control eliminates long-term errors, and differential control reduces the rate of error change. The combination of the three achieves precise temperature control. Through real-time feedback and adjustment, the PID controller can effectively maintain the system within a stable temperature range.

[0061] Furthermore, the temperature sensor data reading module includes sensor data reading, data value range verification, error handling, and system maintenance. The temperature sensor reads the data value of the thermistor in real time and compares it with a preset thermistor coefficient lookup table. If the data is within a preset reasonable range, the data value is passed to the temperature-related data processing module.

[0062] 1. Sensor data reading:

[0063] Initialization: When the system starts, initialize the temperature sensor module, ensure that the power supply of the sensor is stable, and perform necessary self-tests.

[0064] Data acquisition: Read the voltage or resistance of the thermistor at regular intervals (e.g., once per second). This can be done by using an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) to read the analog signal and convert it into a digital signal.

[0065] Comparison of data values ​​with coefficient lookup table

[0066] Reading thermistor data: The raw data value read from the sensor module is usually a voltage or resistance value. For example, the resistance value read may be (R_{\text{actual}}).

[0067] Lookup Temperature Lookup Table: Use a preset thermistor coefficient lookup table, which maps resistance values ​​to temperatures. The lookup table may be an array or database that contains temperature values ​​corresponding to different resistance values. For example, the lookup table may contain the following data:

[0068] Lookup table data collection array {

[0069] 3032000, / / -40 degrees

[0070] 2851000,2682000,2524000,2377000,2238000,2108000,1987000,1873000,1766000,1666000, / / -30 degrees

[0071] 1572000,1484000,1401000,1323000,1250000,1181000,1117000,1056000,998700,944900, / / -20 degrees

[0072] 892900,844100,798200,755100,714500,676400,640500,606700,574900,544900, / / -10 degrees

[0073] 516700,490100,464900,441300,418900,397800,377900,359100,341300,324500, / / 0 degrees

[0074] 308500,293300,279000,265500,252700,240600,229100,218300,208000,198300, / / 10 degrees

[0075] 198300,189100,180400,172100,164200,156800,149700,143000,136600,124800, / / 20 degrees

[0076] 119300,114100,109200,104500,100000, / / 25 degrees

[0077] 95740,91680,87820,84140,80630, / / 30 degrees

[0078] 77290,74100,71060,68170,65400,62760,60240,57840,55540,53350, / / 40 degrees

[0079] 51250,49250,47340,45500,43750,42080,40480,38940,37470,36070, / / 50 degrees .....

[0081] 630,

[0082] }.

[0083] [\begin{array}{|c|c|}\hline R_{\text{ohm}}&T_{\text{°C}}\\hline 1000&25\1100&30\\ldots&\ldots\\hline\end{array}]

[0084] Interpolation calculation: If the resistance value read does not match exactly in the lookup table, an interpolation method is used to estimate the corresponding temperature value. Common interpolation methods include linear interpolation or more complex polynomial interpolation.

[0085] Linear interpolation:

[0086] Given two known points ((T1, V1)) and ((T2, V2)), the formula for linear interpolation is:

[0087] [V(T)=V1+\frac{(T-T1)}{(T2-T1)}\times(V2-V1)]

[0088] in:

[0089] (T) is the temperature to be estimated (32°C in this case)

[0090] (T1, V1) and (T2, V2) are known temperatures and data values

[0091] Known data:

[0092] (T1=-40℃)

[0093] (V1=3032000)

[0094] (T2=50℃)

[0095] (V2=36070)

[0096] Temperature to be calculated (T=32℃)

[0097] Calculation steps

[0098] Calculate the temperature difference:

[0099] [\Delta T=T2-T1=50-(-40)=90]

[0100] Calculate the temperature gap:

[0101] [\text{Fraction}=\frac{T-T1}{\Delta T}=\frac{32-(-40)}{90}=\frac{72}{90}=0.8]

[0102] Interpolation calculation:

[0103] [V(32)=V1+\text{Fraction}\times(V2-V1)]

[0104] [V(32)=3032000+0.8\times(36070-3032000)]

[0105] [V(32)=3032000+0.8\times(-2995930)]

[0106] [V(32)=3032000-2396744][V(32)=635256]

[0107] The result is a value of about 635,256 at 32°C.

[0108] Polynomial interpolation:

[0109] Here is an example of a polynomial fit to calculate the value at 32°C, assuming we have two data points:

[0110] (-40°C): 3032000

[0111] (50°C):36070

[0112] We will use a first degree polynomial (linear) fit to calculate the value of 32°C. The specific steps are as follows:

[0113] Determine the linear equation: For a first order polynomial fit our equation is:

[0114] [V(T)=aT+b]

[0115] Where (T) is the temperature and (a) and (b) are the coefficients to be calculated.

[0116] Calculate the coefficients:

[0117] Temperature points (-40°C, 3032000) and (50°C, 36070)

[0118] Calculate the slope (a):

[0119] [a=\frac{V2-V1}{T2-T1}=\frac{36070-3032000}{50-(-40)}=\frac{-2995930}{90}=-33288.111]

[0120] Calculate the intercept (b):

[0121] [b=V1-a\cdot T1=3032000-(-33288.111\cdot(-40))=3032000-1331524.44=1700475.56]

[0122] Calculate the value for 32°C:

[0123] [V(32)=a\cdot 32+b]

[0124] [V(32)=-33288.111\cdot 32+1700475.56]

[0125] [V(32)=-1066219.552+1700475.56]

[0126] [V(32)=634256.008]

[0127] The final result is a value of about 634,256 at 32°C.

[0128] 2. Data value range verification

[0129] Set reasonable range: Determine a reasonable range for data values; for example, suppose we preset a reasonable temperature range of 10°C to 40°C.

[0130] Verify data value: Compare the calculated temperature value with the reasonable range; if the temperature value is within the reasonable range, continue processing; if it is not within the range, record the abnormality or perform alarm processing.

[0131] Data Transfer

[0132] Data transfer: If the temperature value is within the preset reasonable range, the value will be passed to the temperature-related data processing module.

[0133] 3. Error handling

[0134] Abnormal recording: If the data value is not within a reasonable range, the error information is recorded and an alarm is triggered; error handling can include:

[0135] Logging: Record abnormal events in the system log for subsequent inspection.

[0136] User notification: Prompts the user visually or audibly, or sends an alert via the system notification feature.

[0137] Data Rereading: Reread sensor data as needed for verification to ensure that anomalies are not due to occasional reading errors.

[0138] 4. System maintenance

[0139] Periodic Calibration: Calibrate the sensor regularly to ensure its accuracy; the calibration procedure can include adjusting the sensor's measurements against a known temperature source.

[0140] Data monitoring: Continuously monitor system performance to ensure the stability and accuracy of data reading and processing processes.

[0141] Furthermore, the temperature-related data processing module includes temperature value calculation, algorithm implementation, data verification, exception handling, and data transmission.

[0142] The thermistor resistance value is converted into a temperature value through an algorithm.

[0143] Calculate temperature value

[0144] Select Algorithm: Select the appropriate algorithm to convert resistance values ​​to temperature values.

[0145] Commonly used algorithms include:

[0146] Steinhart-Hart equation: For higher accuracy temperature calculations.

[0147] Simple linear equation: Applicable to sensors with a relatively linear relationship between resistance and temperature.

[0148] Steinhart-Hart equation:

[0149] [\frac{1}{T}=A+B\ln(R)+C(\ln(R))^3]

[0150] in,

[0151] (T) is the absolute temperature (K),

[0152] (R) is the resistance value of the thermistor,

[0153] (A), (B), and (C) are constants provided by the sensor manufacturer.

[0154] Linear equation:

[0155] [T=mR+b]

[0156] Where (m) and (b) are the slope and intercept of the linear equation, which can be determined through the calibration process.

[0157] 2. Algorithm Implementation

[0158] Steinhart-Hart equation calculation:

[0159] Use the resistance value you read.

[0160] Substitute into the Steinhart-Hart equation to calculate (T).

[0161] Convert to absolute temperature (K), then subtract 273.15 to convert to degrees Celsius (°C).

[0162] Linear equation calculation:

[0163] Substitute the resistance value read into the linear equation to calculate (T).

[0164] 3. Data Validation

[0165] Temperature range check: Ensures that the calculated temperature value is within a reasonable range (e.g. 10°C to 40°C); if it is out of range, it is marked as abnormal.

[0166] Exception handling: If the temperature value is out of a reasonable range, error information can be recorded and an alarm can be triggered.

[0167] 5. Data Transfer

[0168] Format data: Format the calculated temperature value into a format suitable for transmission, such as JSON, XML, or binary format.

[0169] Transmit data: pass data to the upstream data processing module or control system through a communication interface (such as serial port, I2C, SPI or network protocol).

[0170] Furthermore, the digital potentiometer control module includes an automatic mode and a manual mode. The automatic mode compares the actual temperature with the target temperature, and the digital potentiometer accurately adjusts and controls the laser module pump source temperature at a preset temperature target value through a PID algorithm; the manual mode adjusts the minimum and maximum values ​​of the laser module input current through a digital potentiometer under the premise that the pump source is at an optimal temperature. First, the minimum value of the input current is adjusted. The minimum value will affect the linearity of the laser power output by the laser module, and the maximum value of the input current will affect the power consumption of the entire machine.

[0171] Automatic mode method steps:

[0172] 1. Current sensor data acquisition:

[0173] Read the current value flowing through TEC;

[0174] (I_{\text{actual}})

[0175] The current data is transmitted to the control system for processing.

[0176] Current to voltage conversion:

[0177] Convert control output into current command;

[0178] (I_{\text{command}})

[0179] The current passes through the TEC to generate the required voltage Vtec.

[0180] [V_{\text{TEC}}=R_{\text{TEC}}\cdot I_{\text{command}}]

[0181] 4. Controller Operation

[0182] Current setting:

[0183] According to the calculated current command.

[0184] Adjust the output current of the digital potentiometer.

[0185] TEC ADJUSTMENT:

[0186] Adjust the voltage of TEC according to the current command:

[0187] (V_{\text{TEC}})

[0188] The EC heats or cools the pump source by regulating current and voltage.

[0189] Temperature feedback:

[0190] Real-time monitoring of pump source temperature:

[0191] (T_{\text{current}})

[0192] The actual temperature is compared with the target temperature, and the control output is precisely adjusted through the PID algorithm to keep the temperature stable.

[0193] Manual mode steps:

[0194] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown;

[0195] Y axis: laser power (W)

[0196] X-axis: duty cycle of laser power output (point = duty cycle, 1 point = 1% duty cycle)

[0197] Figure 3 When the minimum current value manually input through the digital potentiometer is 3A, the duty cycle follows a linear relationship with the laser power of the laser module; specifically, if the relationship between the laser power (P) and the duty cycle (D) can be expressed as a linear formula:

[0198] (P=k\cdot D+b)

[0199] Where (k) is the linear slope and (b) is the bias term. This linear relationship ensures the precise correspondence between laser power and duty cycle, making the grayscale changes of the engraved image (such as Figure 3 ) can be effectively simulated, thereby optimizing engraving performance.

[0200] like Figure 5 As shown;

[0201] Y axis: laser power (W)

[0202] X-axis: duty cycle of laser power output (point = duty cycle, 1 point = 1% duty cycle)

[0203] Figure 5 When the minimum current value is manually input as 8A through the digital potentiometer, the relationship between the duty cycle (D) and the laser power (P) no longer conforms to the linear formula:

[0204] (P=k\cdot D+b)

[0205] This nonlinear relationship results in a significant deviation between the PWM signal and the actual output laser power, making it impossible to accurately simulate the grayscale changes of the engraved image (such as Figure 4 ); therefore, a minimum current of 8A was considered unsuitable to ensure accurate and consistent engraving results.

[0206] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0207] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A temperature control system for a laser module, comprising a driving layer and a hardware layer, wherein the driving layer comprises an intelligent temperature adjustment processing module, a temperature sensor data reading module, a temperature-related data processing module, and a digital potentiometer control module, wherein the intelligent temperature adjustment processing module is used to ensure that the pump source temperature is stable within a set range; the temperature sensor data reading module is used to read the temperature sensor value; the temperature-related data processing module is used to process the obtained temperature data; the digital potentiometer control module is used to accurately adjust the working current of the laser module, and the hardware layer comprises a temperature sensor, a thermoelectric cooler, and a digital potentiometer.

2. The temperature control system of a laser module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent temperature control processing module includes system settings and initial state, real-time temperature measurement, error calculation, PID controller calculation, adjustment of system output, system feedback and adjustment. The PID controller continuously monitors and adjusts the control output to gradually make the actual temperature of the system approach the desired set point. Proportional control handles the current error, integral control eliminates long-term error, and differential control reduces the rate of error change. The combination of the three achieves precise temperature control. Through real-time feedback and adjustment, the PID controller can effectively maintain the system within a stable temperature range.

3. The temperature control system of a laser module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature sensor data reading module includes sensor data reading, data value range verification, error handling, and system maintenance. The temperature sensor reads the data value of the thermistor in real time and compares it with the preset thermistor coefficient lookup table. If the data is within the preset reasonable range, the data value is passed to the temperature-related data processing module.

4. The temperature control system of a laser module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature-related data processing module includes temperature value calculation, algorithm implementation, data verification, exception processing, and data transmission.

5. The temperature control system of a laser module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The digital potentiometer control module includes an automatic mode and a manual mode. The automatic mode compares the actual temperature with the target temperature, and the digital potentiometer accurately adjusts and controls the laser module pump source temperature at a preset temperature target value through a PID algorithm; the manual mode adjusts the minimum and maximum values ​​of the laser module input current through a digital potentiometer under the premise that the pump source is at an optimal temperature. First, the minimum value of the input current is adjusted. The minimum value will affect the linearity of the laser power output by the laser module, and the maximum value of the input current will affect the power consumption of the entire machine.

6. A temperature control method for a laser module according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the method comprising: Step 1: Through microcontroller (MCU) programming control, the working current of the laser module is precisely adjusted. The control system can dynamically adjust the resistance of the potentiometer according to preset parameters or real-time feedback signals, thereby stably and accurately controlling the current input of the laser module and realizing the digital potentiometer to control the input current of the laser module; Step 2: Read the resistance value of the thermistor (NTC or PTC) on the pump source in real time. The resistance value directly reflects the working temperature of the pump source. Through the conversion algorithm, the resistance value is converted into a temperature value, providing an accurate basis for temperature control and realizing the reading of the thermistor value of the laser module pump source; Step 3: Set the safe range threshold of the pump source temperature, compare the read temperature value with the threshold, and if it exceeds the range, trigger the alarm mechanism and start the corresponding temperature adjustment measures to determine whether the pump source thermistor value is within a reasonable range; Step 4: Use the PID (proportional-integral-differential) control algorithm to automatically adjust the working state of the cooling system (thermoelectric cooler TEC) according to the deviation between the pump source temperature and the target temperature, ensure that the pump source temperature is stable within the set range, improve the stability of the power output and service life of the laser module, and achieve intelligent temperature regulation in a stable state; Step 5: Combine the above-mentioned current precision control and temperature stabilization technologies to optimize the laser module's drive circuit and feedback mechanism to ensure that the laser output power can maintain good linearity under different working conditions. At the same time, fine-tune the laser output through software algorithms to further improve the accuracy and stability of the output power and achieve a laser with good output power linearity.

Images