Simplified characterization method for thermal comfort of outdoor space based on sunshine shadow ratio

Abstract

The invention discloses an outdoor space thermal comfort simplified characterization method based on a sunshine shadow ratio. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring meteorological data and building information; building a residential area model based on the meteorological data and the building information; on the basis of the residential area model, obtaining a sunshine shadow ratio and outdoor thermal comfort; fitting the sunshine shadow ratio and the outdoor thermal comfort to obtain an optimal fitting model; and inputting a limited comfort interval into the optimal fitting model, and obtaining a sunshine shadow ratio threshold interval of the outdoor thermal comfort. The method has direct guiding significance on improvement and optimization of outdoor thermal comfort utilization potential and building design of a residential area, especially related design in a cold region in winter.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of architectural design, and in particular relates to a simplified characterization method for thermal comfort of an outdoor space based on a sunlight-to-shadow ratio. Background Art

[0002] As global warming continues, the thermal comfort of outdoor spaces in residential areas faces the challenge of climate change. The outdoor environment carries important contents such as daily activities and social interaction of residents, and its quality is also closely related to the vital interests of residents. Residents have also put forward new requirements for the outdoor environment. The comfort of the outdoor environment in residential areas is valued by residents and even becomes an important factor affecting residents' living experience. At present, climate change has given residential areas a higher connotation, which means that residential construction not only focuses on buildings, but also highlights the indispensable position of the outdoor environment in residential areas in construction. For example, the sunshine area in the outdoor environment of residential areas in summer affects the frequency of residents' life activities, and the shadow area in the outdoor environment of residential areas in winter limits the scope of residents' daily activities.

[0003] The composition of the sunlight-shadow ratio of outdoor spaces in residential areas is affected by many factors, such as the building orientation, building density, building height, and mutual shading between surrounding buildings in the residential area. The outdoor space of the residential area is blocked by the surrounding buildings, which is one of the main factors affecting the formation of the shadow area. At the same time, the shadow area also affects the outdoor activities of residents in winter and summer. Existing methods can calculate the thermal comfort index of the Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) outdoor space in residential areas, but it is impossible to obtain a suitable thermal comfort range based on the changes in sunlight and shadow in the outdoor space. Therefore, a simplified characterization method for thermal comfort of outdoor space based on the sunlight-shadow ratio is urgently needed. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a simplified characterization method for thermal comfort of outdoor space based on sunshine-to-shadow ratio. By constructing a sunshine-to-shadow ratio index of outdoor space, the corresponding sunshine-to-shadow ratio range is found using the thermal comfort range.

[0005] The present invention provides a simplified characterization method for outdoor space thermal comfort based on sunlight-to-shadow ratio, comprising: obtaining meteorological data and building information;

[0006] Building a residential area model based on the meteorological data and building information;

[0007] Based on the residential area model, the sunlight-shadow ratio and outdoor thermal comfort are obtained respectively;

[0008] Fitting the sunlight-to-shadow ratio and outdoor thermal comfort to obtain the best fitting model;

[0009] The limited comfort range is input into the best fitting model to obtain the sunlight-to-shadow ratio threshold range of outdoor thermal comfort.

[0010] Optionally, establishing a residential area model based on the meteorological data and building information includes:

[0011] Based on the meteorological data, construct an outdoor space environment model;

[0012] The residential area model is established based on the outdoor space environment model and building information.

[0013] Optionally, the building information includes: residential location, residential orientation, building location, building height, building depth, building width and building spacing.

[0014] Optionally, based on the residential area model, obtaining the sunshine-to-shadow ratio includes:

[0015] Extracting the settlement location information of the settlement model and determining the research time period;

[0016] Based on the location information of the settlement and the study time period, obtaining a solar vector;

[0017] Based on the sun vector, obtain the number of hours that the geometric body receives direct sunlight;

[0018] The sunshine-to-shadow ratio is obtained based on the number of hours that the geometric body receives direct sunlight.

[0019] Optionally, the method for obtaining the sunshine-shadow ratio is:

[0020]

[0021] Among them, ISR is the sunshine-shadow ratio, As is the shadow area, and Ai is the sunshine area.

[0022] Optionally, based on the residential area model, obtaining the outdoor thermal comfort includes:

[0023] Setting a research time period, and extracting meteorological data within the research time period in the residential area model;

[0024] Obtain the parameters of the relationship between the human body position and the sky, the average radiation temperature, and the results of the exchange of long-wave radiation with the sky;

[0025] The outdoor thermal comfort is obtained based on the parameters of the relationship between the human body position and the sky, the average radiation temperature, and the result of the exchange of long-wave radiation with the sky.

[0026] Optionally, the method for obtaining the outdoor thermal comfort is:

[0027] UTCI=Ta+Offset(Ta,TMRT,Uwind,Pvapour)

[0028] Among them, UTCI is outdoor thermal comfort, Ta is the ambient air temperature, TMRT is the mean radiant temperature, Uwind is the wind speed, and Pvapour is the water vapor pressure, that is, relative humidity.

[0029] Optionally, fitting the sunshine-shadow ratio and outdoor thermal comfort to obtain the best fitting model includes:

[0030] Performing a correlation analysis on the sunlight-to-shadow ratio and outdoor thermal comfort using non-parametric correlation to obtain a correlation analysis result;

[0031] Based on the correlation analysis results, the regression analysis method is used to perform curve estimation on the sunlight-to-shadow ratio and outdoor thermal comfort to obtain the best fitting model.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0033] The present invention calculates the sunlight-shadow ratio with the comfort interval of the thermal comfort of the outdoor space of the residential area as the target, and can obtain the corresponding threshold interval of the sunlight-shadow ratio under the condition of meeting the basic requirements of outdoor thermal comfort, thereby guiding the designer to simplify the design link in the scheme stage, reduce the designer's time cost in the building performance simulation link, and find the relationship between outdoor thermal comfort and the residential site only through the intuitive sunlight-shadow ratio of the outdoor space of the residential area. The present invention has direct guiding significance for the utilization potential of outdoor thermal comfort in residential areas and the improvement and optimization of architectural design, especially for related designs in cold areas in winter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present application are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0035] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a simplified characterization method for outdoor space thermal comfort based on sunlight-to-shadow ratio according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of sunlight-shadow ratio of a single building and a group of buildings according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein (a) is a schematic diagram of sunlight-shadow ratio of a single building, and (b) is a schematic diagram of sunlight-shadow ratio of a group of buildings;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of modeling a residential area in Xi'an according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4is a schematic diagram of a sunlight-to-shadow ratio ISR battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a universal thermal climate index UTCI battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 is a curve fitting diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0042] It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowcharts of the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions, and that, although a logical order is shown in the flowcharts, in some cases, the steps shown or described can be executed in an order different from that shown here.

[0043] This paper proposes a simplified characterization method for outdoor space thermal comfort based on the sunlight-to-shadow ratio. Figure 1 As shown, the specific steps include:

[0044] Get weather data and building information;

[0045] Build settlement models based on meteorological data and building information;

[0046] Based on the residential model, the sunlight-shadow ratio and outdoor thermal comfort are obtained respectively;

[0047] Fit the sunlight-shadow ratio and outdoor thermal comfort to obtain the best fitting model;

[0048] The limited comfort range is input into the best fitting model to obtain the sunlight-to-shadow ratio threshold range of outdoor thermal comfort.

[0049] Specifically, the present invention first obtains the meteorological data of the residential area, then establishes a simulated 3D model of the actual residential area, and then inputs the simulation model into the Ladybug battery pack to calculate the sunshine-to-shadow ratio (ISR) and the universal thermal climate index (UTCI), and then the calculated data is analyzed by mathematical statistics fitting in SPSS, and the corresponding mathematical fitting model is obtained, and finally based on the UTCI international universal comfort standard range of 9-26°C as the limiting standard, the threshold interval corresponding to the ISR or the maximum and minimum values ​​of the ISR are calculated by substituting it into the fitted mathematical formula.

[0050] Furthermore, based on meteorological data and building information, the residential area model is established including:

[0051] Based on meteorological data, build an outdoor space environment model;

[0052] A residential model is established based on the outdoor space environment model and building information.

[0053] Furthermore, the building information includes: residential location, residential orientation, building location, building height, building depth, building width and building spacing.

[0054] Furthermore, based on the residential area model, obtaining the sunshine-shadow ratio includes:

[0055] Extract the settlement location information of the settlement model and determine the research time period;

[0056] Based on the location information of the settlement and the study period, the sun vector is obtained;

[0057] Gets the number of hours that the geometry receives direct sunlight, based on the sun vector;

[0058] Gets the sun-to-shadow ratio based on the number of hours the geometry receives direct sunlight.

[0059] Specifically, the present invention provides a new indicator to measure the sunshine area, shadow area and total site area of ​​outdoor space in residential areas, namely, the sunshine-shadow ratio (ISR), which is used to quantify the changes in sunshine and shadow in outdoor space. The object studied in the present invention is mainly the outdoor space inside the residential area. Since the changes in the sun's trajectory are different throughout the year, such as Figure 2 As shown in Figure 1, the study site can be divided into a sunlit area and a shadowed area, and the shadowed area is mainly composed of the shadow cast by the building on the total ground area of ​​the outdoor space under solar radiation. Therefore, ISR is expressed as the sunlit area divided by the sum of the sunlit area and the shadowed area. In the outdoor space of the residential area, "As" represents the shadowed area and "Ai" represents the sunlit area. Figure 2 (a) is a schematic diagram of the sunlight-shadow ratio of a single building. Figure 2 (b) is a schematic diagram of the sunlight-shadow ratio of the building complex.

[0060] Specifically: Build a simulated residential environment; obtain the meteorological and location data of the residential area through the database. Import the file data into the Rhino software, input the acquired data into the Ladybug plug-in platform of Grasshopper "Import EPW", extract the residential location information, and complete the construction of the simulated outdoor space environment of the residential area.

[0061] Analyze the sun track and shadow conditions at the location of the settlement; input the extracted settlement location information into the "LBSun Path" cell, and enter the study time period to obtain the vector "Vectors" of the sunshine direction for each sun position on the sun path, that is, the sunshine direction for each sun position on the sun path.

[0062] Calculate the number of hours that the residential area receives direct sunlight; input the established 3D model position information into the Ladybug plug-in platform "LB Direct Sun Hours" battery pack, and use the sun vectors "Vectors" obtained from the "LB Sun Path" component to calculate the number of hours that the residential area receives direct sunlight. This method of calculating direct sunlight by calculating the number of hours that the geometric body receives direct sunlight through vectors can be used for shadow research in outdoor environments.

[0063] Set the research time in the research site; sunlight shadow changes occur between sunrise and sunset, so the research time period is usually from 8 am to 6 pm on a certain day or multiple days. This time setting will help the calculation results of the subsequent steps to be output hour by hour.

[0064] Get the solar vector result of the research position and get ISR; through the above steps, get the "LB Direct SunHours" output terminal "int_mtx" result, this object can be connected to the "LB Deconstruct Matrix" deconstruction matrix to obtain detailed vector-by-vector research results; this result shows that when the value in the matrix list is "1", it means that the solar insolation is visible to the vector at the measurement point; when the value in the matrix list is "0", it means that the solar insolation is not visible to the vector at the measurement point. Use mathematical rules to calculate logic: "Total visible solar insolation result" ÷ "Total visible solar insolation result + Total invisible solar insolation result" = Sunshine-shadow ratio (ISR).

[0065] Furthermore, the method for obtaining the sunshine-shadow ratio is:

[0066]

[0067] Among them, ISR is the sunshine-shadow ratio, As is the shadow area, and Ai is the sunshine area.

[0068] Furthermore, based on the residential model, obtaining outdoor thermal comfort includes:

[0069] Set the research period and extract the meteorological data within the research period in the residential model;

[0070] Obtain the parameters of the relationship between the human body position and the sky, the average radiation temperature and the results of the exchange of long-wave radiation with the sky;

[0071] The outdoor thermal comfort is obtained based on the parameters of the relationship between the human body position and the sky, the average radiation temperature and the results of the exchange of long-wave radiation with the sky.

[0072] Specifically, extract the environmental meteorological data of the residential area within the study period; import the acquired meteorological data into the Ladybug plug-in platform "ImportEPW" to extract the climate information of the residential area; set the research time period through "LB AnalysisPeriod" to extract the meteorological data within the specific research time.

[0073] Calculate the parameters of the human body position in relation to the sky; input the position of a given human subject and the terrain environment around that position in "LBHumantoSkyRelation".

[0074] Calculates the mean radiant temperature (MRT) and the exchange of longwave radiation with the sky. The output of the above components can be plugged into "LBOutdoorSolarMRT" to take into account ambient shadows around building objects and to account for shading around human bodies in the MRT calculation.

[0075] Specifically, the input parameters are: 1. _location (geographic location) The ladybug location output from the "LB Import EPW" component, the "LB Import Location" component, or the "LB Build" component. The ladybug location output from the "LB Import Location" component or the "LB Build Location" component. This will be used to calculate the hourly sun position.

[0076] 2._position The current position of the human body: The point representing the position of the human body in the Rhino scene. The point entered here should be located above the human foot. A series of points will be generated. This can also be a list of points, which will produce multiple output results.

[0077] 3._context(Occluder): Represents geometric objects (here, building objects) that can block direct sunlight and sky view from the human subject.

[0078] Output parameters: 1. fract_body_exp: collects data on human exposure to direct sunlight every hour for a year. This data can be inserted into the "Solar MRT" component to take background occlusion into account when calculating MRT.

[0079] 2. sky_exposure Sky exposure exchange result: a single number between 0 and 1, representing the part of the sky that the human eye can see. Within the human line of sight. It can be plugged into the "Sun MRT" calculation component to take into account the shadows formed by occluders when calculating MRT.

[0080] Get the results of the outdoor space thermal comfort index (UTCI); input the data obtained in the above steps into the corresponding position of the "LBUTCI Comfort" battery. This component calculates the universal thermal climate index (UTCI) based on the outdoor air temperature, average radiant temperature, relative humidity and wind speed of the residential area, and finally outputs the UTCI calculation results. UTCI is mainly composed of the Fiala multi-node model and the adaptive clothing model. The Fiala model simulates the process of heat exchange between the human body and the outside world; the clothing of the clothing model changes according to the meteorological elements of the surrounding environment.

[0081] Furthermore, the method for obtaining outdoor thermal comfort is:

[0082] UTCI=Ta+Offset(Ta,TMRT,Uwind,Pvapour)

[0083] Among them, UTCI is outdoor thermal comfort, Ta is the ambient air temperature, TMRT is the mean radiant temperature, Uwind is the wind speed, and Pvapour is the water vapor pressure, that is, relative humidity.

[0084] Furthermore, fitting the sunshine-shadow ratio and outdoor thermal comfort to obtain the best fitting model includes:

[0085] The correlation analysis between sunlight-shadow ratio and outdoor thermal comfort is carried out using non-parametric correlation to obtain the correlation analysis results;

[0086] Based on the correlation analysis results, the regression analysis method was used to estimate the curves of sunlight-to-shadow ratio and outdoor thermal comfort to obtain the best fitting model.

[0087] Specifically, verify the correlation between the two, fit the relationship between the two; find the most suitable function model through multiple function fitting, and derive the corresponding formula. The outdoor thermal comfort readings in spring, summer and autumn take the comfort range of 9 to 26℃ of the international universal standard UTCI as the independent variable, and ISR as the dependent variable; substitute it into the obtained function formula, and the threshold range of the corresponding comfort range can be calculated.

[0088] The following is a detailed description of a residence at a certain location in Xi'an, Shaanxi Province:

[0089] 1. Construction of residential simulation environment

[0090] The meteorological data of Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, was obtained through the meteorological database. The meteorological data was imported into the Rhino software to complete the construction of the outdoor space simulation environment of the residential area.

[0091] Modeling of actual settlements

[0092] In the early stage, basic building information of a residential area in Xi'an was collected through Baidu Maps and field surveys, including residential area location, residential area orientation, building location, building height, building depth, building width, and building spacing. Based on the known information, a model of the actual residential area was established. The model of the actual residential area, such as Figure 3 shown.

[0093] The solar radiation to shadow ratio (ISR) of the residential area is constructed and calculated using the battery pack. Figure 4 As shown;

[0094] The 3D model of the residential area containing basic building information is input into the Grasshopper platform to analyze the shading relationship between the buildings in the residential area and the site, and the corresponding data is calculated and processed. The acquired data is input into the "Import EPW" in the Ladybug plug-in platform of Grasshopper to extract the location information of the residential area and complete the construction of the outdoor space simulation environment of the residential area. Analyze the sun trajectory and shadow conditions at the location of the residential area; input the extracted residential area location information into the "LB SunPath" cell, and input the research time period to obtain the vector "Vectors" of the sunshine direction of each sun position on the sun path, that is, the sunshine direction of each sun position on the sun path. Calculate the number of hours that the residential area site receives direct sunlight; input the established residential area 3D model location information into the "LB Direct Sun Hours" battery group, use the sun vector "Vectors" obtained from the "LBSun Path" component to calculate the number of hours that the residential area site receives direct sunlight, and calculate the number of hours that the geometric body receives direct sunlight through vector calculation. Get the solar vector results of the actual residential area in Xi'an and get the ISR; set the research time, taking 8:00 to 18:00 from December 1 to December 31 in winter as an example; through the above steps, get the "LBDirectSunHours" output terminal "int_mtx" result, this object can be connected to the "LBDeconstructMatrix" deconstruction matrix to obtain detailed vector-by-vector research results; the result shows that when the value in the matrix list is "1", it means that the measurement point position vector can see the solar sunshine; when the value in the matrix list is "0", it means that the measurement point position vector cannot see the solar sunshine. Use mathematical rules to calculate the logic: "Total visible solar sunshine results" ÷ "Total visible solar sunshine results + Total invisible solar sunshine results" = sunshine shadow ratio (ISR). Finally, get the hourly ISR results of the residential area.

[0095] Build the Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) battery pack for the residential area and calculate the thermal climate index battery pack. Figure 5 As shown;

[0096] Calculate the Universal Climate Index (UTCI) to characterize the outdoor thermal comfort of the residential area; input the acquired residential location information and meteorological data into the Grasshopper platform to calculate the UTCI, an index that characterizes the thermal comfort of the outdoor space. Set the research time period and extract the residential environmental meteorological data within the research time period; import the acquired meteorological data into the Ladybug plug-in platform "ImportEPW" to extract the climate information of the residential area; set the research time period through "LBAnalysisPeriod" to extract the meteorological data within the specific research time period. Calculate the parameters of the relationship between the human body position and the sky; input the position of the given human subject and the terrain environment around the position in "LBHumantoSkyRelation". Calculate the mean radiant temperature (MRT) and the results of the exchange between long-wave radiation and the sky. Input the meteorological data within the specific research time period, the parameters of the relationship between the human body position and the sky, the mean radiant temperature (MRT), and the results of the exchange between long-wave radiation and the sky into the corresponding position of the "LBUTCIComfort" battery. This component calculates the Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) based on the outdoor air temperature, mean radiant temperature, relative humidity and wind speed of the residential area, and finally outputs the UTCI calculation results.

[0097] Fit the functional relationship between the ISR and UTCI of the residential area and obtain the corresponding threshold range

[0098] Taking some data from 8:00 to 18:00 on December 1 to December 31 in winter as an example, the ISR and UTCI results calculated through the above steps (see Table 1 for the result data) were obtained, and a total of 341 sets of data were obtained and imported into SPSS26 for correlation verification.

[0099] Table 1

[0100]

[0101]

[0102]

[0103] After the normal distribution test, the appropriate correlation method was selected for analysis. ISR and UTCI did not have normal distribution characteristics. Therefore, the non-parametric correlation method (Spearson) was selected for correlation analysis between the two, and it was found that ISR and UTCI had a negative correlation (see Table 2 for details). Then, regression analysis was used to estimate the curve of ISR and UTCI, and the function formula with the highest degree of fit was obtained. Through curve fitting, the cubic function formula with a better degree of fit was obtained (see Table 3 for details). The curve fitting diagram is shown in Figure 6 shown.

[0104] Table 2

[0105]

[0106] Table 3

[0107]

[0108] Dependent variable: ISR, independent variable is UTCI.

[0109] a. The independent variable (UTCI) contains non-positive values. The minimum value is -16.764926. The logarithmic model and power model cannot be calculated.

[0110] b. The dependent variable (ISR) contains non-positive values. The minimum value is 0.0. Logarithmic transformation cannot be applied. Composite, Power, S, Growth, Exponential, and Logistic models cannot be calculated for this variable.

[0111] The cubic function fitting formula is:

[0112] y=0.229-0.003×x+3.907×x 3

[0113] Taking winter outdoor thermal comfort greater than or equal to 0℃ as the standard, UTCI as the independent variable, and ISR as the dependent variable; substituting into the obtained function formula, the threshold range of the corresponding comfort interval can be calculated. Therefore, the ISR threshold corresponding to outdoor thermal comfort under the above-mentioned case conditions of a residential area in Xi'an. When x is greater than or equal to 0℃, the value range of y is greater than or equal to 0.229, so the threshold range of ISR (1>ISR≥22.9%) can be obtained, that is, when the ISR value is greater than or equal to 22.9%, the outdoor thermal comfort of the residential area in December in winter is greater than 0℃. This method can characterize outdoor thermal comfort (UTCI) based on the sunshine-shadow ratio (ISR).

[0114] The above are only preferred specific implementations of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A simplified characterization method for outdoor space thermal comfort based on sunlight-to-shadow ratio, characterized in that: include: Get weather data and building information; Building a residential area model based on the meteorological data and building information; Based on the residential area model, the sunlight-shadow ratio and outdoor thermal comfort are obtained respectively; Fitting the sunlight-to-shadow ratio and outdoor thermal comfort to obtain the best fitting model; The limited comfort range is input into the best fitting model to obtain the sunlight-to-shadow ratio threshold range of outdoor thermal comfort.

2. A simplified characterization method for outdoor space thermal comfort based on sunlight-to-shadow ratio according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the meteorological data and building information, the residential area model is established including: Based on the meteorological data, construct an outdoor space environment model; The residential area model is established based on the outdoor space environment model and building information.

3. A simplified characterization method for outdoor space thermal comfort based on sunlight-to-shadow ratio according to claim 1, characterized in that: The building information includes: residential area location, residential area orientation, building location, building height, building depth, building width and building spacing.

4. A simplified characterization method for outdoor space thermal comfort based on sunlight-to-shadow ratio according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the residential area model, obtaining the sunshine-to-shadow ratio includes: Extracting the settlement location information of the settlement model and determining the research time period; Based on the location information of the settlement and the study time period, obtaining a solar vector; Based on the sun vector, obtain the number of hours that the geometric body receives direct sunlight; The sunshine-to-shadow ratio is obtained based on the number of hours that the geometric body receives direct sunlight.

5. A simplified characterization method for outdoor space thermal comfort based on sunlight-to-shadow ratio according to claim 4, characterized in that: The method for obtaining the sunshine-shadow ratio is: Among them, ISR is the sunshine-shadow ratio, As is the shadow area, and Ai is the sunshine area.

6. A simplified characterization method for outdoor space thermal comfort based on sunlight-to-shadow ratio according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the residential area model, obtaining the outdoor thermal comfort includes: Setting a research time period, and extracting meteorological data within the research time period in the residential area model; Obtain the parameters of the relationship between the human body position and the sky, the average radiation temperature, and the results of the exchange of long-wave radiation with the sky; The outdoor thermal comfort is obtained based on the parameters of the relationship between the human body position and the sky, the average radiation temperature, and the result of the exchange of long-wave radiation with the sky.

7. A simplified characterization method for outdoor space thermal comfort based on sunlight-to-shadow ratio according to claim 6, characterized in that: The method for obtaining the outdoor thermal comfort is: UTCI=Ta+Offset(Ta,TMRT,Uwind,Pvapour) Among them, UTCI is outdoor thermal comfort, Ta is the ambient air temperature, TMRT is the mean radiant temperature, Uwind is the wind speed, and Pvapour is the water vapor pressure, that is, relative humidity.

8. A simplified characterization method for outdoor space thermal comfort based on sunlight-to-shadow ratio according to claim 1, characterized in that: Fitting the sunshine-shadow ratio and outdoor thermal comfort to obtain the best fitting model includes: Performing a correlation analysis on the sunlight-to-shadow ratio and outdoor thermal comfort using non-parametric correlation to obtain a correlation analysis result; Based on the correlation analysis results, the regression analysis method is used to perform curve estimation on the sunlight-to-shadow ratio and outdoor thermal comfort to obtain the best fitting model.

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