Integrated energy system automatic driving method containing carbon-green certificate transaction and energy conversion

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic driving method for a comprehensive energy system containing carbon-green certificate transaction and energy conversion. The automatic driving method comprises the steps that the comprehensive energy system with electric energy and fuel as input and output of electricity, heat, hydrogen and gas is formed; establishing each energy flow operation mode of each device in the integrated energy system; the method comprises the following steps: performing multi-time scale prediction on energy demands of electricity, heat, hydrogen and gas at the tail end of a comprehensive energy system, a system energy supply value and an energy market price, and setting initial operation schemes of the system under different time scales by considering an energy supply and demand relationship and energy flow operation modes of equipment under different time scales; based on the initial operation schemes of the system under different time scales, carbon transaction and green certificate transaction are combined, a system optimization operation model is established by taking the maximum system operation net income and the maximum supply and demand balance degree as targets, the optimal operation schemes of the system under different time scales are solved, and control parameters of each device are set and executed according to the optimal operation schemes. And automatic driving of the integrated energy system is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of integrated energy systems, and specifically relates to an automatic driving method for an integrated energy system including carbon-green certificate trading and energy conversion. Background Art

[0002] As an energy system with the advantages of multi-energy complementarity, the integrated energy system has various devices that play an important role in the supply, output, storage and conversion of energy, making the various energy sources have a strong energy coupling. With the increasingly serious environmental pollution problems on the earth, the depletion of traditional fossil energy and the intensification of the greenhouse effect, how the integrated energy system can reduce carbon emissions and increase the proportion of new energy in the energy structure has become a focus of increasing attention.

[0003] In terms of market regulation mechanisms, the carbon trading mechanism and the green certificate trading mechanism play a key role in my country's energy low-carbon transformation process, which can guide and control the carbon emissions of the integrated energy system and encourage the optimal allocation of energy resources. In addition, in order to reduce the carbon emissions of the system, the current methods that can be adopted include: capturing and reusing carbon dioxide, improving the consumption of new energy and using energy storage to store and release energy at different time scales, and converting and utilizing multiple energy sources. However, how to comprehensively utilize these methods in the integrated energy system, combine the carbon trading mechanism and the green certificate trading mechanism, realize the optimization of equipment combination, energy distribution and the optimal operation of each equipment, improve the economic benefits of the system, and stimulate the low-carbon potential of the system is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an automatic driving method for an integrated energy system including carbon-green certificate trading and energy conversion, which can deepen the coupling between various energy sources and realize the optimal operation plan of the system under different time scales, ensure that the integrated energy system is empowered by digital intelligence, and assist the system dispatching and operating personnel in making scientific decisions in all aspects and throughout the whole process, realize the automatic driving of the integrated energy system, and make the dispatching personnel more comprehensive and scientific when performing system optimization and scheduling operation, and can reduce the energy input of human analysis and decision-making, and is more adaptable to changes in multiple operating conditions and multiple time scales of the system.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is:

[0006] The present invention provides an automatic driving method for an integrated energy system including carbon-green certificate trading and energy conversion, comprising:

[0007] S1. Set up new energy power stations, electrochemical energy storage units, electric heating units, molten salt heat storage units, hydrogen energy storage units, gas synthesis units, cogeneration units, oxygen-enriched combustion carbon capture units and waste heat heating units to form a comprehensive energy system with electricity and fuel as input and output of electricity, heat, hydrogen and gas;

[0008] S2. Establish the energy flow operation mode of each device in the integrated energy system:

[0009] The water electrolysis hydrogen production device in the new energy power station, electrochemical energy storage unit, electric heating unit and hydrogen energy storage unit is used to produce, store, convert electric heating and convert electric hydrogen; the hydrogen storage device and oxygen storage device in the hydrogen energy storage unit are used to store and utilize hydrogen energy and oxygen, and the fuel cell in the hydrogen energy storage unit is used to generate electricity and integrate it into the power grid;

[0010] Utilizing the molten salt heat storage unit to utilize and store heat energy after conversion to electric heating, and utilizing the waste heat heating unit to output heat energy;

[0011] The oxygen stored in the oxygen storage device is transported to the oxygen-enriched combustion carbon capture unit to produce electric energy and carbon dioxide;

[0012] The hydrogen energy stored in the hydrogen storage device and the carbon dioxide output by the oxygen-enriched combustion carbon capture unit are reacted through a gas synthesis unit to produce natural gas, and a part of the natural gas is used as fuel for the cogeneration unit to produce electrical energy and thermal energy;

[0013] S3. Make multi-time scale forecasts for the energy demand for electricity, heat, hydrogen and gas at the end of the integrated energy system, the system energy supply value and the energy market price, and consider the energy supply and demand relationship and the energy flow operation mode of each device at different time scales, and set the preliminary operation plan of the system at different time scales;

[0014] S4. Based on the preliminary operation plan of the system under different time scales, combined with carbon trading and green certificate trading, with the goal of maximizing the net profit of system operation and maximizing the balance between supply and demand, a system optimization operation model is established to solve the optimal operation plan of the system under different time scales, and set and execute the control parameters of each device according to the optimal operation plan to realize automatic driving of the integrated energy system.

[0015] Furthermore, in S1, the new energy power station includes a wind farm and a photovoltaic power station; the electrochemical energy storage unit includes a lithium-ion battery, a flow battery, a lead-acid battery and a sodium-ion battery; the electric heating unit is an electric boiler; the molten salt heat storage unit includes a low-temperature molten salt tank and a high-temperature molten salt tank; the hydrogen energy storage unit includes a water electrolysis hydrogen production device, a hydrogen storage device, an oxygen storage device and a fuel cell; the gas synthesis unit outputs natural gas through a synthesis reaction of hydrogen and carbon dioxide; the oxygen-enriched combustion carbon capture unit includes a thermal power unit, an air separation oxygen production equipment, an oxygen storage tank and a carbon capture equipment.

[0016] Further, in S2, the water electrolysis hydrogen production device in the new energy power station, electrochemical energy storage unit, electric heating unit and hydrogen energy storage unit is used to produce, store, convert electric heating and convert electric hydrogen, which specifically includes: dividing the electric energy output by the new energy power station into an electric energy distribution ratio, and can be selectively transmitted to the power grid through the first branch, transmitted to the electrochemical energy storage unit through the second branch for electric energy storage, and can also be transmitted to the electric heating unit through the third branch for electric-to-heat conversion, and the electric energy stored in the electrochemical energy storage unit is transmitted to the hydrogen energy storage unit for water electrolysis hydrogen production and then outputting hydrogen and oxygen; wherein, the electrochemical energy storage unit can also obtain low-price electric energy through the power grid for storage;

[0017] The method of using the hydrogen storage device and the oxygen storage device in the hydrogen energy storage unit to store and utilize hydrogen energy and oxygen, and using the fuel cell in the hydrogen energy storage unit to generate electricity and integrate into the power grid, specifically includes: using the hydrogen storage device in the hydrogen energy storage unit to store the hydrogen produced after the electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen, using the oxygen storage device in the hydrogen energy storage unit to store the oxygen produced after the electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen, and dividing the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage device into a hydrogen energy distribution ratio, and transporting a part of the hydrogen to the fuel cell in the hydrogen energy storage unit for hydrogen-to-electricity conversion and then integrating into the power grid;

[0018] The utilization and storage of heat energy after the electric heating conversion by the molten salt heat storage unit specifically includes: using the heat energy produced by the electric heating unit to heat the low-temperature molten salt in the low-temperature molten salt tank in the molten salt heat storage unit, storing it in the high-temperature molten salt tank after heating for molten salt heat storage, and pumping the high-temperature molten salt in the high-temperature molten salt tank into the heat exchanger for molten salt heat release to meet the heat load demand of the heating network;

[0019] The method of delivering the oxygen stored in the oxygen storage device to the oxygen-enriched combustion carbon capture unit to produce electric energy and carbon dioxide specifically includes: delivering the oxygen stored in the oxygen storage device to the oxygen storage tank and the thermal power unit in the oxygen-enriched combustion carbon capture unit for oxygen storage and oxygen-enriched combustion; separating oxygen from the air by air separation oxygen production equipment and delivering it to the thermal power unit, and storing excess oxygen in the oxygen storage tank; delivering the oxygen in the oxygen storage tank to the thermal power unit or storing, transporting and selling the oxygen safely; producing electric energy by oxygen-enriched combustion in the thermal power unit; and capturing and producing carbon dioxide from the flue gas after combustion in the thermal power unit by the carbon capture device;

[0020] The hydrogen energy stored in the hydrogen storage device and the carbon dioxide output by the oxygen-enriched combustion carbon capture unit are reacted through a gas synthesis unit to produce natural gas, and a part of the natural gas is used as fuel for the cogeneration unit to produce electricity and heat energy, specifically including: using a part of the hydrogen energy stored in the hydrogen storage device to meet the hydrogen energy demand, another part of the hydrogen energy and the carbon dioxide output by the oxygen-enriched combustion carbon capture unit are reacted through a gas synthesis unit to produce natural gas, and a part of the natural gas is used as fuel for the cogeneration unit to output electricity and heat energy, and another part of the natural gas is used to meet the gas energy demand.

[0021] Further, the model of the oxygen-rich combustion carbon capture unit is expressed as:

[0022]

[0023] is the total power output of the oxygen-rich combustion carbon capture unit during period t; is the net output power during period t; is the output of the air separation oxygen production equipment during period t; is the output of the carbon capture equipment during period t; is the total amount of oxygen consumed by the oxygen-enriched combustion carbon capture unit during period t; The oxygen-enriched devices are respectively provided by the air separation oxygen production equipment, the oxygen storage tank and the oxygen storage device in the hydrogen energy storage unit during the period t; is the total carbon emission of the oxyfuel combustion carbon capture unit during period t; is the actual carbon emission of the oxyfuel combustion carbon capture unit during period t; is the carbon emissions captured by the carbon capture equipment during period t; is the amount of carbon dioxide consumed by the gas synthesis unit during period t; is the amount of carbon dioxide stored during period t;

[0024]

[0025] α is the energy consumption required by the air separation oxygen production equipment to produce unit oxygen; β is the energy consumption required by the carbon capture equipment to capture unit carbon dioxide; γ is the amount of oxygen required by the oxygen-enriched combustion carbon capture unit to produce unit electricity; δ is the carbon capture level of the carbon capture equipment; ε is the unit carbon emission intensity;

[0026] When the hydrogen energy stored in the hydrogen storage device and the carbon dioxide output by the oxygen-enriched combustion carbon capture unit react through the gas synthesis unit to produce natural gas, the volume of natural gas generated by the gas synthesis unit in time period t is expressed as:

[0027]

[0028] are the amount of hydrogen input and natural gas output of the gas synthesis unit during period t, respectively; η MR is the natural gas production efficiency of the gas synthesis unit; L is the conversion ratio between hydrogen and natural gas; They are the upper and lower limits of the amount of hydrogen input to the gas synthesis unit, respectively;

[0029] And, the amount of carbon dioxide consumed by the gas synthesis unit during period t is expressed as:

[0030]

[0031] is the amount of carbon dioxide consumed during the operation of the gas synthesis unit during period t; is the gaseous density of carbon dioxide.

[0032] Further, the S3 specifically includes:

[0033] Carry out multi-time scale forecasts on the energy demand for electricity, heat, hydrogen and gas at the end of the integrated energy system, obtain the forecast values ​​of electricity load demand, heat load demand, hydrogen load demand and gas load demand in the day before and within the day, and combine the forecast values ​​of electricity supply of new energy power stations and heat supply values ​​of waste heat heating in different time scales to analyze the shortage of electricity and heat in different time scales;

[0034] According to the power shortage and heat shortage at different time scales, various operation combinations of electrochemical energy storage units, cogeneration units and oxygen-enriched combustion carbon capture units are considered to make up for the shortage, and the energy supply required by electrochemical energy storage units, cogeneration units and oxygen-enriched combustion carbon capture units at different time scales is analyzed;

[0035] According to the predicted values ​​of hydrogen load demand and gas load demand, and based on the energy conversion characteristics of hydrogen production from electricity and hydrogen and carbon dioxide gas production, reverse analysis is performed on the energy supply required for hydrogen energy storage units and oxygen-enriched combustion carbon capture units at different time scales;

[0036] Based on the energy supply required by each device at different time scales and combined with the forecast values ​​of each energy market price, a preliminary operation plan of the system at different time scales is preliminarily set, including the system energy purchase plan at different time scales, the operating status of related equipment, the operating output plan and the energy allocation ratio plan.

[0037] Furthermore, in S4, the goals are to maximize the net benefit of system operation and maximize the balance between supply and demand, which are respectively expressed as:

[0038]

[0039] F eb =c eb P eb,t ;

[0040] C buy = l buy,ele,t P buy,ele,t +l buy,fuel,t P buy,fuel,t ;

[0041]

[0042] F1 is the net profit target of system operation; F sale is the total revenue from energy sales; F eb For green environmental benefits; C buy The total cost of purchasing electricity and fuel; C ope The total operation and maintenance cost of each device in the system; is the carbon trading cost; C GCT is the system green certificate transaction cost; l ele , l heat , l gas are the unit electricity, heat, hydrogen and gas sales prices respectively; P ele,t , P heat,t , P gas,t are the electrical load, thermal load, hydrogen load and gas load at time t respectively; c eb is the transaction price when using green electricity; P eb,t To contribute to the consumption of new energy; buy,ele,t , l buy,fuel,t P are the prices of electricity and fuel purchased by the unit respectively; buy,ele,t , P buy,fuel,t are the amount of electricity and fuel purchased at time t; l ope,i is the unit operation and maintenance cost of the i-th device; P i,ope,t is the operating power of the ith device at time t; M is the number of devices; F2 is the supply-demand balance target; w t is the weight factor at time t, which is set according to the importance or priority of the time period; Bt,s is the supply and demand balance degree of the sth type of load.

[0043] Furthermore, the carbon trading cost The calculation includes:

[0044] The carbon emission quota model is established, which is expressed as:

[0045]

[0046] E1 is the carbon emission quota of the comprehensive energy system; E OEC The carbon emission quota of the thermal power unit in the oxygen-enriched combustion carbon capture unit; E CHP The carbon emission quota for the combined heat and power unit; E buy is the carbon emission quota for purchased electricity; e The carbon emission quota per unit of electricity load produced; is the total power output of the oxygen-rich combustion carbon capture unit during period t; ε h is the carbon emission quota per unit heat load; e,h P is the coefficient of converting electrical load into thermal load; CHP,e,t , P CHP,h,t are the electrical and thermal loads output by the cogeneration unit during period t; ε c The carbon emission quota for purchased unit electricity load; is the amount of electricity purchased during period t;

[0047] The actual carbon emissions model is established and expressed as:

[0048]

[0049] E2 is the actual carbon emissions of the integrated energy system; is the actual carbon emission of the oxygen-enriched combustion carbon capture unit during period t; E CHP，2 is the actual carbon emission of the cogeneration unit; E buy,2 Carbon emissions from purchasing electricity from the grid; is the amount of carbon dioxide consumed when the gas synthesis unit is running during period t; η h is the carbon emission corresponding to unit heat; a1, b1, c1 are the carbon emission coefficients of thermal power units;

[0050] The carbon trading cost model is established and expressed as:

[0051]

[0052] m is the carbon trading base price; δ is the reward coefficient; v is the length of the carbon emission interval;

[0053] The green certificate transaction cost model is expressed as:

[0054]

[0055]

[0056] G is the green certificate transaction price; N The number of green certificates obtained by renewable energy power stations; G Q The green certificate quota held by the system; RES is the green certificate conversion coefficient of the new energy power station; P RES,t is the output power of the new energy power station during the system operation cycle; Q P is the system green certificate quota conversion coefficient; Load,t It is the electrical load demand during the system operation cycle.

[0057] Furthermore, in S4, the system optimization operation model also includes setting system operation constraints, including: system equipment operation constraints, energy storage constraints, energy purchase constraints and power balance constraints; the optimal operation plan of the system under different time scales includes the output of each device in the system under different time scales, energy storage and release power, energy purchase amount and energy distribution ratio.

[0058] Furthermore, the integrated energy system optimization operation method also includes establishing a system optimization configuration model, with the goal of maximizing the total benefit within the system operation period, the decision variable being the configuration capacity of each device in the system, and using the decision variable as a constraint condition of the system optimization operation model, and the system optimization operation model using the system operation net benefit as a part of the system optimization configuration model;

[0059] The goal of maximizing the total benefit within the system's operating life is expressed as:

[0060] maxF3=F1-C ic ;

[0061] C ic is the total investment cost of each device in the system.

[0062] Furthermore, the solution algorithm of the system optimization operation model includes an intelligent optimization algorithm, an optimization solver, a reinforcement learning algorithm and a model predictive control algorithm.

[0063] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0064] (1) The present invention is equipped with a new energy power station, an electrochemical energy storage unit, an electric heating unit, a molten salt heat storage unit, a hydrogen energy storage unit, a gas synthesis unit, a cogeneration unit, an oxygen-enriched combustion carbon capture unit and a waste heat heating unit, forming a comprehensive energy system with electricity and fuel as input and output of electricity, heat, hydrogen and gas; it can maximize the effective use of green electricity and distribute, convert and apply electricity, produce electricity, heat, hydrogen, gas and other energy, save energy costs, improve energy conversion efficiency and reduce carbon emissions;

[0065] (2) The present invention utilizes the electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen in the new energy power station, electrochemical energy storage unit, electric heating unit and hydrogen energy storage unit to produce, store, convert electric heating and convert electric hydrogen; utilizes the hydrogen storage device and oxygen storage device in the hydrogen energy storage unit to store and utilize hydrogen energy and oxygen, and utilizes the fuel cell in the hydrogen energy storage unit to generate electricity and connect it to the power grid; utilizes the molten salt heat storage unit to utilize and store the heat energy after the electric heating conversion, and utilizes the waste heat heating unit to output heat energy; transports the oxygen stored in the oxygen storage device to the oxygen-enriched combustion carbon capture unit to produce electricity and Carbon dioxide; the hydrogen energy stored in the hydrogen storage device and the carbon dioxide output by the oxygen-enriched combustion carbon capture unit are reacted through a gas synthesis unit to produce natural gas, and a part of the natural gas is used as fuel for the cogeneration unit to produce electricity and heat energy; it is possible to set up effective energy supply, output, storage, conversion and reuse of various energy flow operation modes, and through the use of electricity, heat, hydrogen, oxygen recovery and utilization, and oxygen-enriched combustion carbon capture, deepen the coupling between various energy sources, improve the energy utilization efficiency of the system and the absorption rate of new energy, and more efficiently reduce the carbon emissions of the system;

[0066] (3) The present invention predicts the energy demand for electricity, heat, hydrogen and gas at the end of the integrated energy system, the system energy supply value and the energy market price at multiple time scales, and considers the energy supply and demand relationship and the energy flow operation mode of each device at different time scales to set up preliminary operation plans for the system at different time scales. It can clarify the energy supply and demand relationship, the dynamic changes of market prices and the energy flow operation mode, and preliminarily formulate the distribution ratio of each energy supply, the combined operation mode of each device, the operation status and other plans, so as to provide data support for the subsequent system optimization operation;

[0067] (4) Based on the preliminary operation plan of the system under different time scales, the present invention combines carbon trading and green certificate trading, takes the maximum net profit of system operation and the maximum supply and demand balance as the goal, establishes a system optimization operation model, solves and obtains the optimal operation plan of the system under different time scales, and realizes the automatic driving of the integrated energy system after executing the optimal operation plan of the system; it can realize the optimal operation plan of the system under different time scales, ensure that the integrated energy system can assist the system dispatching and operation personnel to make scientific decisions in an all-round and full-process manner through digital intelligence empowerment, realize the automatic driving of the integrated energy system, and make the dispatching personnel perform system optimization and scheduling operations more comprehensive and scientific, and can reduce the energy input of human analysis and decision-making, and is more adaptable to the changes in multiple operating conditions and multiple time scales of the system; in addition, it can increase the amount of new energy consumption and improve the economic benefits of the system, and the introduction of the carbon-green certificate trading joint mechanism can control the carbon emissions of the integrated energy system, stimulate the low-carbon potential of the system, effectively guide the integrated energy system to carry out low-carbon economic scheduling, make full use of new energy, energy conversion characteristics, multi-energy storage characteristics, optimize carbon emission management, effectively stimulate the optimal allocation of energy resources, improve the efficiency and sustainability of the integrated energy system, and promote the coordinated development of the system and the reduction of carbon emissions.

[0068] Other features and advantages will be described in the following description, and partly become apparent from the description, or understood by practicing the invention. The purpose and other advantages of the invention are realized and obtained by the structures particularly pointed out in the description and the drawings.

[0069] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, preferred embodiments are given below and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0070] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0071] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of an automatic driving method for an integrated energy system including carbon-green certificate trading and energy conversion according to the present invention;

[0072] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the comprehensive energy system of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0073] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0074] Example 1

[0075] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment 1 provides an automatic driving method for an integrated energy system including carbon-green certificate trading and energy conversion, including:

[0076] S1. Set up new energy power stations, electrochemical energy storage units, electric heating units, molten salt heat storage units, hydrogen energy storage units, gas synthesis units, cogeneration units, oxygen-enriched combustion carbon capture units and waste heat heating units to form a comprehensive energy system with electricity and fuel as input and output of electricity, heat, hydrogen and gas;

[0077] S2. Establish the energy flow operation mode of each device in the integrated energy system:

[0078] The water electrolysis hydrogen production device in the new energy power station, electrochemical energy storage unit, electric heating unit and hydrogen energy storage unit is used to produce, store, convert electric heating and convert electric hydrogen; the hydrogen storage device and oxygen storage device in the hydrogen energy storage unit are used to store and utilize hydrogen energy and oxygen, and the fuel cell in the hydrogen energy storage unit is used to generate electricity and integrate it into the power grid;

[0079] Utilizing the molten salt heat storage unit to utilize and store heat energy after conversion to electric heating, and utilizing the waste heat heating unit to output heat energy;

[0080] The oxygen stored in the oxygen storage device is transported to the oxygen-enriched combustion carbon capture unit to produce electric energy and carbon dioxide;

[0081] The hydrogen energy stored in the hydrogen storage device and the carbon dioxide output by the oxygen-enriched combustion carbon capture unit are reacted through a gas synthesis unit to produce natural gas, and a part of the natural gas is used as fuel for the cogeneration unit to produce electrical energy and thermal energy;

[0082] S3. Make multi-time scale forecasts for the energy demand for electricity, heat, hydrogen and gas at the end of the integrated energy system, the system energy supply value and the energy market price, and consider the energy supply and demand relationship and the energy flow operation mode of each device at different time scales, and set the preliminary operation plan of the system at different time scales;

[0083] S4. Based on the preliminary operation plan of the system under different time scales, combined with carbon trading and green certificate trading, with the goal of maximizing the net profit of system operation and maximizing the balance between supply and demand, a system optimization operation model is established to solve the optimal operation plan of the system under different time scales, and set and execute the control parameters of each device according to the optimal operation plan to realize automatic driving of the integrated energy system.

[0084] In this embodiment, in S1, the new energy power station includes a wind farm and a photovoltaic power station; the electrochemical energy storage unit includes a lithium-ion battery, a flow battery, a lead-acid battery and a sodium-ion battery; the electric heating unit is an electric boiler; the molten salt heat storage unit includes a low-temperature molten salt tank and a high-temperature molten salt tank; the hydrogen energy storage unit includes a water electrolysis hydrogen production device, a hydrogen storage device, an oxygen storage device and a fuel cell; the gas synthesis unit outputs natural gas through a synthesis reaction of hydrogen and carbon dioxide; the oxygen-enriched combustion carbon capture unit includes a thermal power unit, an air separation oxygen production equipment, an oxygen storage tank and a carbon capture equipment.

[0085] In this embodiment, in S2, the water electrolysis hydrogen production device in the new energy power station, electrochemical energy storage unit, electric heating unit and hydrogen energy storage unit is used to produce, store, convert electric heating and convert electric hydrogen, which specifically includes: dividing the electric energy output by the new energy power station into an electric energy distribution ratio, and can be selectively transmitted to the power grid through the first branch, transmitted to the electrochemical energy storage unit through the second branch for electric energy storage, and can also be transmitted to the electric heating unit through the third branch for electric-to-heat conversion, and the electric energy stored in the electrochemical energy storage unit is transmitted to the hydrogen energy storage unit for water electrolysis hydrogen production and then outputting hydrogen and oxygen; wherein, the electrochemical energy storage unit can also obtain low-price electric energy through the power grid for storage;

[0086] The method of using the hydrogen storage device and the oxygen storage device in the hydrogen energy storage unit to store and utilize hydrogen energy and oxygen, and using the fuel cell in the hydrogen energy storage unit to generate electricity and integrate into the power grid, specifically includes: using the hydrogen storage device in the hydrogen energy storage unit to store the hydrogen produced after the electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen, using the oxygen storage device in the hydrogen energy storage unit to store the oxygen produced after the electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen, and dividing the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage device into a hydrogen energy distribution ratio, and transporting a part of the hydrogen to the fuel cell in the hydrogen energy storage unit for hydrogen-to-electricity conversion and then integrating into the power grid;

[0087] The utilization and storage of heat energy after the electric heating conversion by the molten salt heat storage unit specifically includes: using the heat energy produced by the electric heating unit to heat the low-temperature molten salt in the low-temperature molten salt tank in the molten salt heat storage unit, storing it in the high-temperature molten salt tank after heating for molten salt heat storage, and pumping the high-temperature molten salt in the high-temperature molten salt tank into the heat exchanger for molten salt heat release to meet the heat load demand of the heating network;

[0088] The method of delivering the oxygen stored in the oxygen storage device to the oxygen-enriched combustion carbon capture unit to produce electric energy and carbon dioxide specifically includes: delivering the oxygen stored in the oxygen storage device to the oxygen storage tank and the thermal power unit in the oxygen-enriched combustion carbon capture unit for oxygen storage and oxygen-enriched combustion; separating oxygen from the air by air separation oxygen production equipment and delivering it to the thermal power unit, and storing excess oxygen in the oxygen storage tank; delivering the oxygen in the oxygen storage tank to the thermal power unit or storing, transporting and selling the oxygen safely; producing electric energy by oxygen-enriched combustion in the thermal power unit; and capturing and producing carbon dioxide from the flue gas after combustion in the thermal power unit by the carbon capture device;

[0089] The hydrogen energy stored in the hydrogen storage device and the carbon dioxide output by the oxygen-enriched combustion carbon capture unit are reacted through a gas synthesis unit to produce natural gas, and a part of the natural gas is used as fuel for the cogeneration unit to produce electricity and heat energy, specifically including: using a part of the hydrogen energy stored in the hydrogen storage device to meet the hydrogen energy demand, another part of the hydrogen energy and the carbon dioxide output by the oxygen-enriched combustion carbon capture unit are reacted through a gas synthesis unit to produce natural gas, and a part of the natural gas is used as fuel for the cogeneration unit to output electricity and heat energy, and another part of the natural gas is used to meet the gas energy demand.

[0090] In this embodiment, the model of the oxygen-enriched combustion carbon capture unit is expressed as:

[0091]

[0092] is the total power output of the oxygen-rich combustion carbon capture unit during period t; is the net output power during period t; is the output of the air separation oxygen production equipment during period t; is the output of the carbon capture equipment during period t; is the total amount of oxygen consumed by the oxygen-enriched combustion carbon capture unit during period t; The oxygen-enriched devices are respectively provided by the air separation oxygen production equipment, the oxygen storage tank and the oxygen storage device in the hydrogen energy storage unit during the period t; is the total carbon emission of the oxyfuel combustion carbon capture unit during period t; is the actual carbon emission of the oxyfuel combustion carbon capture unit during period t; is the carbon emissions captured by the carbon capture equipment during period t; is the amount of carbon dioxide consumed by the gas synthesis unit during period t; is the amount of carbon dioxide stored during period t;

[0093]

[0094] α is the energy consumption required by the air separation oxygen production equipment to produce unit oxygen; β is the energy consumption required by the carbon capture equipment to capture unit carbon dioxide; γ is the amount of oxygen required by the oxygen-enriched combustion carbon capture unit to produce unit electricity; δ is the carbon capture level of the carbon capture equipment; ε is the unit carbon emission intensity;

[0095] When the hydrogen energy stored in the hydrogen storage device and the carbon dioxide output by the oxygen-enriched combustion carbon capture unit react through the gas synthesis unit to produce natural gas, the volume of natural gas generated by the gas synthesis unit in time period t is expressed as:

[0096]

[0097] are the amount of hydrogen input and natural gas output of the gas synthesis unit during period t, respectively; η MR is the natural gas production efficiency of the gas synthesis unit; L is the conversion ratio between hydrogen and natural gas; They are the upper and lower limits of the amount of hydrogen input to the gas synthesis unit, respectively;

[0098] And, the amount of carbon dioxide consumed by the gas synthesis unit during period t is expressed as:

[0099]

[0100] is the amount of carbon dioxide consumed during the operation of the gas synthesis unit during period t; is the gaseous density of carbon dioxide.

[0101] It should be noted that in the traditional combustion process, the fuel reacts with oxygen in the air to produce combustion products such as carbon dioxide and water vapor. In the oxygen-enriched combustion carbon capture unit, the supply of oxygen is increased during the combustion process, so that the contact between the fuel and oxygen is more complete, the combustion is more complete, and a high concentration of carbon dioxide is emitted and a large amount of waste heat is generated, which is used for subsequent system carbon capture and waste heat recovery. Carbon capture technology captures and extracts the high-concentration carbon dioxide gas flow produced, part of which is used for methane synthesis in the gas synthesis unit, and the rest is sealed through carbon sequestration technology to reduce carbon emissions. The oxygen required for oxygen-enriched combustion is partly supplied by the air separation oxygen production equipment, and partly by the oxygen storage device in the hydrogen energy storage unit. The excess oxygen will be converted into liquid oxygen and stored in the oxygen storage tank. When the oxygen supply is insufficient, it will be supplemented by the oxygen in the oxygen storage tank to ensure the energy supply efficiency of the thermal power unit.

[0102] In this embodiment, S3 specifically includes:

[0103] Carry out multi-time scale forecasts on the energy demand for electricity, heat, hydrogen and gas at the end of the integrated energy system, obtain the forecast values ​​of electricity load demand, heat load demand, hydrogen load demand and gas load demand in the day before and within the day, and combine the forecast values ​​of electricity supply of new energy power stations and heat supply values ​​of waste heat heating in different time scales to analyze the shortage of electricity and heat in different time scales;

[0104] According to the power shortage and heat shortage at different time scales, various operation combinations of electrochemical energy storage units, molten salt heat storage units, cogeneration units and oxygen-enriched combustion carbon capture units are considered to make up for the shortage, and the energy supply required by electrochemical energy storage units, cogeneration units and oxygen-enriched combustion carbon capture units at different time scales is analyzed;

[0105] According to the predicted values ​​of hydrogen load demand and gas load demand, and based on the energy conversion characteristics of hydrogen production from electricity and hydrogen and carbon dioxide gas production, reverse analysis is performed on the energy supply required for hydrogen energy storage units and oxygen-enriched combustion carbon capture units at different time scales;

[0106] Based on the energy supply required by each device at different time scales and combined with the forecast values ​​of each energy market price, a preliminary operation plan of the system at different time scales is preliminarily set, including the system energy purchase plan at different time scales, the operating status of related equipment, the operating output plan and the energy allocation ratio plan.

[0107] In actual applications, electricity is mainly provided by new energy power stations, electrochemical energy storage units, cogeneration units, and oxygen-enriched combustion carbon capture units, and is assisted by hydrogen production from fuel cells in hydrogen energy storage units and electricity purchased from the power grid. When there is a shortage in electricity supply and demand and / or heat supply and demand, the operation of each device is combined according to the range of the shortage to make up for the shortage. This also involves the distribution ratio of green electricity branches output by new energy power stations. In addition, the energy supply of hydrogen and gas energy is provided by hydrogen energy storage units and oxygen-enriched combustion carbon capture units. This involves the electricity supply when the hydrogen energy storage unit is in operation. Therefore, according to the hydrogen energy The demand is reversed to calculate the required amount of electricity, and then the electricity distribution when the electricity energy is supplied is calculated. When the oxygen-enriched combustion carbon capture unit provides the carbon dioxide required by the gas synthesis unit, it is necessary to match it with the hydrogen energy and the required gas load demand, and then reversely calculate the equipment output of the oxygen-enriched combustion carbon capture unit, the fuel and oxygen energy supply distribution ratio; in general, according to the energy supply and output of the equipment, and the energy market price, a set of equipment energy supply-output combination operation plans under different time scales can be carried out first. This is a preliminary plan. Which specific plan is the best requires the subsequent establishment and solution of the optimization operation model.

[0108] In this embodiment, in S4, the goals are to maximize the net benefit of system operation and maximize the balance between supply and demand, which are respectively expressed as:

[0109]

[0110] F eb =c eb P eb,t ;

[0111] C buy = l buy,ele,t P buy,ele,t +l buy,fuel,t P buy,fuel,t ;

[0112]

[0113] F1 is the net profit target of system operation; F sale is the total revenue from energy sales; F eb For green environmental benefits; C buy The total cost of purchasing electricity and fuel; C ope The total operation and maintenance cost of each device in the system; is the carbon trading cost; C GCT is the system green certificate transaction cost; l ele , l heat , l gas are the unit electricity, heat, hydrogen and gas sales prices respectively; P ele,t , P heat,t , P h2,t , P gas,t are the electrical load, thermal load, hydrogen load and gas load at time t respectively; c eb is the transaction price when using green electricity; P eb,t To contribute to the consumption of new energy; buy,ele,t , l buy,fuel,t P are the prices of electricity and fuel purchased by the unit respectively; buy,ele,t , P buy,fuel,t are the amount of electricity and fuel purchased at time t; l ope,i is the unit operation and maintenance cost of the i-th device; P i,ope,t is the operating power of the ith device at time t; M is the number of devices; F2 is the supply-demand balance target; w t is the weight factor at time t, which is set according to the importance or priority of the time period; B t,s is the supply and demand balance degree of the sth type of load.

[0114] In practical applications, cooperation between various integrated energy systems can further stimulate their respective low-carbon potential. When the integrated energy systems cooperate, they bargain and trade energy with each other. Since heat trading between systems usually requires a physically connected heating pipeline network, if there is no ready-made heating pipeline network between systems, it is necessary to consider laying dedicated thermal pipelines for heat transmission, which will be more expensive and less flexible. The trading of hydrogen energy is also limited by the geographical distance and transportation costs between the two systems. Therefore, the energy bargaining transaction between integrated energy systems is an electricity transaction. For example, an integrated energy system with excess electricity can sell its surplus electricity to other integrated energy systems. The internal electricity transactions between integrated energy systems are transmitted through power interconnection lines, and the corresponding fees are paid to the power grid according to the cooperative transaction electricity. Therefore, the maximum net benefit of system operation in the system optimization operation model also includes the cooperative operation cost between systems, which is expressed as:

[0115]

[0116] C ct is the cost of cooperation between systems; C E2E is the electricity interaction cost between systems; C R Fees paid to the grid for cooperative electricity trading; ij is the electricity price traded between system i and system j; P ij,t is the amount of electricity purchased by system i from system j; θ R It is the fee paid to the grid for each unit of electric energy transmitted by the system; Z is the number of cooperatively operated systems.

[0117] In this embodiment, the carbon trading cost The calculation includes:

[0118] The carbon emission quota model is established, which is expressed as:

[0119]

[0120] E1 is the carbon emission quota of the comprehensive energy system; E OEC The carbon emission quota of the thermal power unit in the oxygen-enriched combustion carbon capture unit; E CHP The carbon emission quota for the combined heat and power unit; E buy is the carbon emission quota for purchased electricity; e The carbon emission quota per unit of electricity load produced; is the total power output of the oxygen-rich combustion carbon capture unit during period t; ε h is the carbon emission quota per unit heat load; e,h P is the coefficient of converting electrical load into thermal load; CHP,e,t , P CHP,h,tare the electrical and thermal loads output by the cogeneration unit during period t; ε c The carbon emission quota for purchased unit electricity load; is the amount of electricity purchased during period t;

[0121] The actual carbon emissions model is established and expressed as:

[0122]

[0123] E2 is the actual carbon emissions of the integrated energy system; is the actual carbon emission of the oxygen-enriched combustion carbon capture unit during period t; E CHP，2 is the actual carbon emission of the cogeneration unit; E buy,2 Carbon emissions from purchasing electricity from the grid; is the amount of carbon dioxide consumed when the gas synthesis unit is running during period t; η h is the carbon emission corresponding to unit heat; a1, b1, c1 are the carbon emission coefficients of thermal power units;

[0124] The carbon trading cost model is established and expressed as:

[0125]

[0126] m is the carbon trading base price; δ is the reward coefficient; v is the length of the carbon emission interval;

[0127] The green certificate transaction cost model is expressed as:

[0128]

[0129] G is the green certificate transaction price; N The number of green certificates obtained by renewable energy power stations; G Q The green certificate quota held by the system; RES is the green certificate conversion coefficient of the new energy power station; P RES,t is the output power of the new energy power station during the system operation cycle; Q P is the system green certificate quota conversion coefficient; Load,t It is the electrical load demand during the system operation cycle.

[0130] It should be noted that carbon emission trading is to establish a legal carbon emission rights allocation mechanism to allow trading to control carbon emissions. The implementation of the carbon emission rights trading mechanism can enable enterprises to adjust their production plans according to the carbon quota set by the regulatory authorities. Carbon quota refers to the carbon emission standard allocated to enterprises free of charge by the government. If the carbon emissions generated are higher than the allocated amount, the carbon emissions will be purchased from the carbon emission trading market; if the carbon emissions generated are lower than the allocated amount, the remaining carbon emission rights can be sold to obtain corresponding income.

[0131] Green certificates are certificates issued to renewable energy power generation companies, indicating that part of the company's electricity comes from renewable energy. Green certificate trading is a supporting measure to ensure the effective implementation of the new energy portfolio standard. When the renewable energy power generation consumed by the integrated energy system is lower than the daily quota allocation, if the standard is still not met after the purchase, a penalty will be imposed; when the renewable energy power generation is greater than the daily quota allocation, profits can be obtained by selling green certificates. The minimum and maximum selling prices of green certificate trading involve the market pricing and trading restrictions of new energy. The minimum selling price refers to the lowest trading price of new energy green certificates in the green certificate trading market, which is usually used to ensure the economic feasibility of new energy power stations and attract investment; the maximum selling price refers to the highest trading price of green certificates in the green certificate trading market.

[0132] The integrated energy system adjusts its energy supply strategy based on the results of carbon trading and green certificate trading to ensure the economy and environmental protection of the system. The specific trading process includes:

[0133] 1) The integrated energy system submits application information to the trading supervision platform and participates in carbon trading and green certificate trading after being reviewed and approved by the trading supervision platform. The trading supervision platform then allocates different carbon emissions and carbon quotas and green certificate quotas to each integrated energy system;

[0134] 2) Integrated energy systems that meet the quota requirements can sell green certificates and carbon emission rights on the carbon trading and green certificate trading platforms.

[0135] In this embodiment, in S4, the system optimization operation model also includes setting system operation constraints, including: system equipment operation constraints, energy storage constraints, energy purchase constraints and power balance constraints; the optimal operation plan of the system under different time scales includes the output of each device in the system under different time scales, energy storage and release power, energy purchase amount and energy distribution ratio.

[0136] In practical applications, the control parameters of each device in S4 include at least:

[0137] 1) Hydrogen energy storage unit

[0138] Pressure control: ensure that the pressure of the hydrogen storage tank is within a safe range;

[0139] Temperature control: monitor and adjust the temperature inside the hydrogen storage tank to prevent overheating;

[0140] Charge and discharge rate: Control the speed of hydrogen storage and release to avoid problems caused by too fast or too slow;

[0141] Hydrogen purity testing: ensure that the stored hydrogen meets the purity requirements;

[0142] 2) Oxygen-enriched combustion carbon capture unit

[0143] Oxygen concentration: controls the proportion of oxygen in the combustion process;

[0144] Combustion temperature: Maintain a stable combustion temperature to improve efficiency;

[0145] Carbon capture agent flow rate: Control the flow rate of chemical reagents or physical adsorption materials used for carbon capture;

[0146] Carbon dioxide concentration: monitor the carbon dioxide content in the exhaust gas;

[0147] Energy recovery efficiency: Optimize the working efficiency of the energy recovery system;

[0148] 3) Combined heat and power unit

[0149] Fuel supply: Regulate the supply of fuel to match the demand for electricity and heat;

[0150] Engine speed: controls the speed of the generator to stabilize power output;

[0151] Heat exchange efficiency: optimize the working efficiency of the heat exchanger;

[0152] Cooling water flow: control the flow of cooling water circulation system;

[0153] 4) Molten salt heat storage unit

[0154] Thermal storage material temperature: monitor the temperature of molten salt or other thermal storage media;

[0155] Heating power: adjust the power of the heating element to control the heating speed of the molten salt;

[0156] Heat exchange efficiency: ensure that the heat exchanger works efficiently;

[0157] Heat storage / release rate: Control the rate at which heat is stored or released;

[0158] 5) Electric heating unit

[0159] Current intensity: controls the current passing through the resistance wire or other electric heating elements;

[0160] Voltage level: adjust the supply voltage to meet heating needs;

[0161] Temperature set point: Set the target temperature of the heating equipment;

[0162] Power factor correction: optimize the efficiency of power use;

[0163] Heating cycle: Adjust the heating cycle as needed.

[0164] In this embodiment, the integrated energy system optimization operation method further includes establishing a system optimization configuration model, with the goal of maximizing the total benefit within the system operation period, the decision variable being the configuration capacity of each device in the system, and using the decision variable as a constraint condition of the system optimization operation model, and the system optimization operation model using the system operation net benefit as a part of the system optimization configuration model;

[0165] The goal of maximizing the total benefit within the system's operating life is expressed as:

[0166] maxF3=F1-C ic ;

[0167] C ic is the total investment cost of each device in the system.

[0168] In this embodiment, the solution algorithm of the system optimization operation model includes an intelligent optimization algorithm, an optimization solver, a reinforcement learning algorithm and a model predictive control algorithm.

[0169] In several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system and method can also be implemented in other ways. The system embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings show the possible architecture, functions and operations of the systems, methods and computer program products according to multiple embodiments of the present invention. In this regard, each box in the flowchart or block diagram can represent a module, a program segment or a part of the code, and a part of the module, program segment or code contains one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions marked in the box can also occur in a different order from the order marked in the accompanying drawings. For example, two consecutive boxes can actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they can sometimes be executed in the opposite order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each box in the block diagram and / or flowchart, and the combination of boxes in the block diagram and / or flowchart can be implemented with a dedicated hardware-based system that performs a specified function or action, or can be implemented with a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0170] In addition, the functional modules in each embodiment of the present invention can be integrated together to form an independent part, or each module can exist separately, or two or more modules can be integrated to form an independent part. If the function is implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods of each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, RandomAccess Memory), disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes.

[0171] Based on the above ideal embodiments of the present invention, the relevant staff can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of the present invention through the above description. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, and its technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An automatic driving method for an integrated energy system including carbon-green certificate trading and energy conversion, characterized in that: include: S1. Set up new energy power stations, electrochemical energy storage units, electric heating units, molten salt heat storage units, hydrogen energy storage units, gas synthesis units, cogeneration units, oxygen-enriched combustion carbon capture units and waste heat heating units to form a comprehensive energy system with electricity and fuel as input and output of electricity, heat, hydrogen and gas; S2. Establish the energy flow operation mode of each device in the integrated energy system: The water electrolysis hydrogen production device in the new energy power station, electrochemical energy storage unit, electric heating unit and hydrogen energy storage unit is used to produce, store, convert electric heating and convert electric hydrogen; the hydrogen storage device and oxygen storage device in the hydrogen energy storage unit are used to store and utilize hydrogen energy and oxygen, and the fuel cell in the hydrogen energy storage unit is used to generate electricity and integrate it into the power grid; Utilizing the molten salt heat storage unit to utilize and store heat energy after conversion to electric heating, and utilizing the waste heat heating unit to output heat energy; The oxygen stored in the oxygen storage device is transported to the oxygen-enriched combustion carbon capture unit to produce electric energy and carbon dioxide; The hydrogen energy stored in the hydrogen storage device and the carbon dioxide output by the oxygen-enriched combustion carbon capture unit are reacted through a gas synthesis unit to produce natural gas, and a part of the natural gas is used as fuel for the cogeneration unit to produce electrical energy and thermal energy; S3. Make multi-time scale forecasts for the energy demand for electricity, heat, hydrogen and gas at the end of the integrated energy system, the system energy supply value and the energy market price, and consider the energy supply and demand relationship and the energy flow operation mode of each device at different time scales, and set the preliminary operation plan of the system at different time scales; S4. Based on the preliminary operation plan of the system under different time scales, combined with carbon trading and green certificate trading, with the goal of maximizing the net profit of system operation and maximizing the balance between supply and demand, a system optimization operation model is established to solve the optimal operation plan of the system under different time scales, and set and execute the control parameters of each device according to the optimal operation plan to realize automatic driving of the integrated energy system.

2. The integrated energy system automatic driving method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the new energy power station includes a wind farm and a photovoltaic power station; the electrochemical energy storage unit includes a lithium-ion battery, a flow battery, a lead-acid battery and a sodium-ion battery; the electric heating unit is an electric boiler; the molten salt heat storage unit includes a low-temperature molten salt tank and a high-temperature molten salt tank; the hydrogen energy storage unit includes a water electrolysis hydrogen production device, a hydrogen storage device, an oxygen storage device and a fuel cell; the gas synthesis unit outputs natural gas through a synthesis reaction of hydrogen and carbon dioxide; the oxygen-enriched combustion carbon capture unit includes a thermal power unit, an air separation oxygen production equipment, an oxygen storage tank and a carbon capture equipment.

3. The integrated energy system automatic driving method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, the water electrolysis hydrogen production device in the new energy power station, electrochemical energy storage unit, electric heating unit and hydrogen energy storage unit is used to produce, store, convert electric energy into heat and convert electric energy into hydrogen, specifically including: dividing the electric energy output by the new energy power station into an electric energy distribution ratio, and can be selectively transmitted to the power grid through a first branch, transmitted to the electrochemical energy storage unit through a second branch for electric energy storage, and can also be transmitted to the electric heating unit through a third branch for electric-to-heat conversion, and the electric energy stored in the electrochemical energy storage unit is transmitted to the hydrogen energy storage unit for water electrolysis hydrogen production and then outputting hydrogen and oxygen; wherein, the electrochemical energy storage unit can also obtain low-price electric energy through the power grid for storage; The method of using the hydrogen storage device and the oxygen storage device in the hydrogen energy storage unit to store and utilize hydrogen energy and oxygen, and using the fuel cell in the hydrogen energy storage unit to generate electricity and integrate into the power grid, specifically includes: using the hydrogen storage device in the hydrogen energy storage unit to store the hydrogen produced after the electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen, using the oxygen storage device in the hydrogen energy storage unit to store the oxygen produced after the electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen, and dividing the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage device into a hydrogen energy distribution ratio, and transporting a part of the hydrogen to the fuel cell in the hydrogen energy storage unit for hydrogen-to-electricity conversion and then integrating into the power grid; The utilization and storage of heat energy after the electric heating conversion by the molten salt heat storage unit specifically includes: using the heat energy produced by the electric heating unit to heat the low-temperature molten salt in the low-temperature molten salt tank in the molten salt heat storage unit, storing it in the high-temperature molten salt tank after heating for molten salt heat storage, and pumping the high-temperature molten salt in the high-temperature molten salt tank into the heat exchanger for molten salt heat release to meet the heat load demand of the heating network; The method of delivering the oxygen stored in the oxygen storage device to the oxygen-enriched combustion carbon capture unit to produce electric energy and carbon dioxide specifically includes: delivering the oxygen stored in the oxygen storage device to the oxygen storage tank and the thermal power unit in the oxygen-enriched combustion carbon capture unit for oxygen storage and oxygen-enriched combustion; separating oxygen from the air by air separation oxygen production equipment and delivering it to the thermal power unit, and storing excess oxygen in the oxygen storage tank; delivering the oxygen in the oxygen storage tank to the thermal power unit or storing, transporting and selling the oxygen safely; producing electric energy by oxygen-enriched combustion in the thermal power unit; and capturing and producing carbon dioxide from the flue gas after combustion in the thermal power unit by the carbon capture device; The hydrogen energy stored in the hydrogen storage device and the carbon dioxide output by the oxygen-enriched combustion carbon capture unit are reacted through a gas synthesis unit to produce natural gas, and a part of the natural gas is used as fuel for the cogeneration unit to produce electricity and heat energy, specifically including: using a part of the hydrogen energy stored in the hydrogen storage device to meet the hydrogen energy demand, another part of the hydrogen energy and the carbon dioxide output by the oxygen-enriched combustion carbon capture unit are reacted through a gas synthesis unit to produce natural gas, and a part of the natural gas is used as fuel for the cogeneration unit to output electricity and heat energy, and another part of the natural gas is used to meet the gas energy demand.

4. The integrated energy system automatic driving method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The model of the oxyfuel combustion carbon capture unit is represented as: is the total power output of the oxygen-rich combustion carbon capture unit during period t; is the net output power during period t; is the output of the air separation oxygen production equipment during period t; is the output of the carbon capture equipment during period t; is the total amount of oxygen consumed by the oxygen-enriched combustion carbon capture unit during period t; The oxygen-enriched devices are respectively provided by the air separation oxygen production equipment, the oxygen storage tank and the oxygen storage device in the hydrogen energy storage unit during the period t; is the total carbon emission of the oxyfuel combustion carbon capture unit during period t; is the actual carbon emission of the oxyfuel combustion carbon capture unit during period t; is the carbon emissions captured by the carbon capture equipment during period t; is the amount of carbon dioxide consumed by the gas synthesis unit during period t; is the amount of carbon dioxide stored during period t; α is the energy consumption required by the air separation oxygen production equipment to produce unit oxygen; β is the energy consumption required by the carbon capture equipment to capture unit carbon dioxide; γ is the amount of oxygen required by the oxygen-enriched combustion carbon capture unit to produce unit electricity; δ is the carbon capture level of the carbon capture equipment; ε is the unit carbon emission intensity; When the hydrogen energy stored in the hydrogen storage device and the carbon dioxide output by the oxygen-enriched combustion carbon capture unit react through the gas synthesis unit to produce natural gas, the volume of natural gas generated by the gas synthesis unit in time period t is expressed as: are the amount of hydrogen input and natural gas output of the gas synthesis unit during period t, respectively; η MR is the natural gas production efficiency of the gas synthesis unit; L is the conversion ratio between hydrogen and natural gas; They are the upper and lower limits of the amount of hydrogen input to the gas synthesis unit, respectively; And, the amount of carbon dioxide consumed by the gas synthesis unit during period t is expressed as: is the amount of carbon dioxide consumed during the operation of the gas synthesis unit during period t; is the gaseous density of carbon dioxide.

5. The integrated energy system automatic driving method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S3 specifically includes: Carry out multi-time scale forecasts on the energy demand for electricity, heat, hydrogen and gas at the end of the integrated energy system, obtain the forecast values ​​of electricity load demand, heat load demand, hydrogen load demand and gas load demand in the day before and within the day, and analyze the power shortage and heat shortage in different time scales by combining the power supply forecast values ​​of new energy power stations and the heat supply values ​​of waste heat heating at different time scales; According to the power shortage and heat shortage at different time scales, various operation combinations of electrochemical energy storage units, cogeneration units and oxygen-enriched combustion carbon capture units are considered to make up for the shortage, and the energy supply required by electrochemical energy storage units, cogeneration units and oxygen-enriched combustion carbon capture units at different time scales is analyzed; According to the predicted values ​​of hydrogen load demand and gas load demand, and based on the energy conversion characteristics of hydrogen production from electricity and hydrogen and carbon dioxide gas production, reverse analysis is performed on the energy supply required for hydrogen energy storage units and oxygen-enriched combustion carbon capture units at different time scales; Based on the energy supply required by each device at different time scales and combined with the forecast values ​​of each energy market price, a preliminary operation plan of the system at different time scales is preliminarily set, including the system energy purchase plan at different time scales, the operating status of related equipment, the operating output plan and the energy allocation ratio plan.

6. The integrated energy system automatic driving method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S4, the goals are to maximize the net benefit of system operation and maximize the balance between supply and demand, which are expressed as: F eb =c eb P eb,t ; C buy =l buy,ele,t P buy,ele,t +l buy,fuel,t P buy,fuel,t ; F1 is the net profit target of system operation; F sale is the total revenue from energy sales; F eb For green environmental benefits; C buy The total cost of purchasing electricity and fuel; C ope The total operation and maintenance cost of each device in the system; is the carbon trading cost; C GCT is the system green certificate transaction cost; ele , l heat , l gas They are the unit electricity, heat, hydrogen and gas sales prices respectively; P ele,t , P heat,t , P gas,t are the electrical load, thermal load, hydrogen load and gas load at time t respectively; c eb is the transaction price when using green electricity; P eb,t To contribute to the consumption of new energy; buy,ele,t , l buy,fuel,t P are the prices of electricity and fuel purchased by the unit respectively; buy,ele,t , P buy,fuel,t are the amount of electricity and fuel purchased at time t; l ope,i is the unit operation and maintenance cost of the i-th device; P i,ope,t is the operating power of the ith device at time t; M is the number of devices; F2 is the supply-demand balance target; w t is the weight factor at time t, which is set according to the importance or priority of the time period; B t,s is the supply and demand balance degree of the sth type of load.

7. The integrated energy system automatic driving method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The carbon trading costs The calculation specifically includes: The carbon emission quota model is established, which is expressed as: E1 is the carbon emission quota of the comprehensive energy system; E OEC The carbon emission quota of the thermal power unit in the oxygen-enriched combustion carbon capture unit; E CHP The carbon emission quota for the combined heat and power unit; E buy is the carbon emission quota for purchased electricity; e The carbon emission quota per unit of electricity load produced; is the total power output of the oxygen-rich combustion carbon capture unit during period t; ε h is the carbon emission quota per unit heat load; e,h P is the coefficient of converting electrical load into thermal load; CHP,e,t , P CHP,h,t are the electrical and thermal loads output by the cogeneration unit during period t; ε c The carbon emission quota for purchased unit electricity load; is the amount of electricity purchased during period t; The actual carbon emissions model is established, expressed as: E2 is the actual carbon emissions of the integrated energy system; is the actual carbon emission of the oxygen-enriched combustion carbon capture unit during period t; E CHP，2 is the actual carbon emission of the cogeneration unit; E buy,2 Carbon emissions from purchasing electricity from the grid; is the amount of carbon dioxide consumed when the gas synthesis unit is running during period t; η h is the carbon emission corresponding to unit heat; a1, b1, c1 are the carbon emission coefficients of thermal power units; The carbon trading cost model is established and expressed as: m is the carbon trading base price; δ is the reward coefficient; v is the length of the carbon emission interval; The green certificate transaction cost model is expressed as: G is the green certificate transaction price; N The number of green certificates obtained by renewable energy power stations; G Q The green certificate quota held by the system; RES is the green certificate conversion coefficient of the new energy power station; P RES,t is the output power of the new energy power station during the system operation cycle; Q P is the system green certificate quota conversion coefficient; Load,t It is the electrical load demand during the system operation cycle.

8. The integrated energy system automatic driving method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S4, the system optimization operation model also includes setting system operation constraints, including: system equipment operation constraints, energy storage constraints, energy purchase constraints and power balance constraints; the optimal operation plan of the system under different time scales includes the output of each device in the system under different time scales, energy storage and release power, energy purchase amount and energy distribution ratio.

9. The integrated energy system automatic driving method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The integrated energy system optimization operation method also includes establishing a system optimization configuration model, with the goal of maximizing the total benefit within the system operation period, the decision variable being the configuration capacity of each device in the system, and using the decision variable as a constraint condition of the system optimization operation model, and the system optimization operation model using the system operation net benefit as a part of the system optimization configuration model; The goal of maximizing the total benefit within the system's operating life is expressed as: maxF3=F1-C ic ; C ic is the total investment cost of each device in the system.

10. The integrated energy system automatic driving method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solution algorithm of the system optimization operation model includes an intelligent optimization algorithm, an optimization solver, a reinforcement learning algorithm and a model predictive control algorithm.

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