Satellite communication window acquisition method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a satellite communication window acquisition method and device, electronic equipment and a storage medium. The satellite communication window acquisition method comprises the following steps: acquiring ephemeris data of each satellite in a communication system; based on the ephemeris data of each satellite, selecting a satellite set meeting a preset communication requirement from the satellites; for each satellite in the satellite set, large-scale fading data of the satellite are acquired, and the large-scale fading data comprise path loss and shadow fading of the satellite; and obtaining a first communication window of the satellite set based on the large-scale fading data of each satellite in the satellite set. According to the satellite communication window acquisition method, the stability and the reliability of communication are greatly improved, so that the requirement of long-distance communication is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a satellite communication window acquisition method, device, electronic device and storage medium. Background Art

[0002] Ultra-long-distance communication is of great significance to the military and emergency communication fields. Long-distance communication means in related technologies mainly include tropospheric scattering communication and meteor trail scattering communication, which mainly use natural scatterers in the troposphere and ionosphere for beyond-line-of-sight communication, and the communication distance is generally tens of kilometers to hundreds of kilometers. However, for cross-domain ultra-long-distance communication (for example, thousands of kilometers), the long-distance communication technology means in related technologies are still insufficient, and there are problems with poor communication stability and reliability.

[0003] The above statements are only used to provide background information related to the present application and do not necessarily constitute prior art. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a satellite communication window acquisition method, device, electronic device and storage medium. In order to have a basic understanding of some aspects of the disclosed embodiments, a simple summary is given below. This summary is not a general review, nor is it intended to identify key / important components or describe the scope of protection of these embodiments. Its only purpose is to present some concepts in a simple form as a preface to the detailed description that follows.

[0005] According to one aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a satellite communication window acquisition method is provided, comprising: Obtain ephemeris data for each satellite in the communication system; Based on the ephemeris data of each satellite, a set of satellites that meet preset communication requirements are selected from the satellites; For each satellite in the satellite set, large-scale fading data of the satellite is obtained, where the large-scale fading data includes path loss and shadow fading of the satellite; A first communication window of the satellite set is acquired based on the large-scale fading data of each satellite in the satellite set.

[0006] In some embodiments of the present application, the ephemeris data includes orbital inclination and sub-satellite point trajectory; the step of acquiring the ephemeris data of each satellite in the communication system includes: Obtain the orbital inclination and sub-satellite point trajectory of each satellite in the communication system.

[0007] In some embodiments of the present application, the step of selecting a set of satellites that meet preset communication requirements from the satellites based on the ephemeris data of each satellite includes: According to the orbital inclination of each satellite, a satellite whose absolute value of the difference between the orbital inclination and the first angle is less than a preset angle threshold is selected from the satellites to obtain a first set; the first angle is the angle between the first connecting line obtained in advance and the equator, and the first connecting line is the trajectory connecting line of the receiving end and the transmitting end; Selecting from the first set a second set of satellites whose sub-satellite point trajectories pass through the receiving end and the transmitting end within a preset time period; Satellites whose radar cross section values ​​exceed a preset threshold are selected from the second set to obtain the satellite set.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present application, the step of acquiring large-scale fading data of each satellite in the satellite set includes: For each satellite in the satellite set, calculating a total path loss from a transmitting end to a receiving end, wherein the total path loss includes a path loss from the transmitting end to the satellite and a path loss from the satellite to the receiving end; For each satellite in the satellite set, calculate the overall shadow fading of the satellite, where the overall shadow fading is the sum of the shadow fading from the transmitting end to the satellite and the shadow fading from the satellite to the receiving end; For each satellite in the satellite set, the product of the path loss of the satellite and the overall shadow fading is calculated to obtain the large-scale fading data of the satellite.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present application, acquiring a first communication window of the satellite set based on large-scale fading data of each satellite in the satellite set includes: Acquire a signal-to-noise ratio based on large-scale fading data of each satellite in the satellite set; Based on the signal-to-noise ratio, obtaining an interruption probability; Based on the interruption probability, a first communication window is established.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present application, the method further includes: Based on the Rice fading model, small-scale fading channels from the transmitter to the satellite and from the satellite to the receiver are obtained; Based on the large-scale fading data of each satellite in the satellite set, a second communication window of the small-scale fading channel is obtained.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present application, the acquiring the second communication window of the small-scale fading channel based on the large-scale fading data of each satellite in the satellite set includes: Calculating the signal-to-noise ratio of the small-scale fading channel based on the large-scale fading data of each satellite in the satellite set; Based on the signal-to-noise ratio of the small-scale fading channel, obtaining an interruption probability of the small-scale fading channel; Based on the interruption probability, a second communication window of the small-scale fading channel is obtained.

[0012] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a satellite communication window acquisition device is provided, comprising: An ephemeris data acquisition module is used to acquire the ephemeris data of each satellite in the communication system; A selection module, configured to select a set of satellites that meet preset communication requirements from the satellites based on the ephemeris data of each satellite; A fading data acquisition module, used for acquiring large-scale fading data of each satellite in the satellite set, wherein the large-scale fading data includes path loss and shadow fading of the satellite; The communication window acquisition module is used to acquire a first communication window of the satellite set based on the large-scale fading data of each satellite in the satellite set.

[0013] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present application, an electronic device is provided, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the satellite communication window acquisition method described in any embodiment of the present application.

[0014] According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored, and the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the satellite communication window acquisition method described in any embodiment of the present application.

[0015] The technical solution provided by one aspect of the embodiments of the present application may have the following beneficial effects: The satellite communication window acquisition method provided in the embodiment of the present application acquires the ephemeris data of each satellite in the communication system, selects a satellite set that meets the preset communication requirements from each of the satellites based on the ephemeris data of each satellite, acquires the large-scale fading data of the satellite for each satellite in the satellite set, and the large-scale fading data includes the path loss and shadow fading of the satellite. Based on the large-scale fading data of each satellite in the satellite set, the first communication window of the satellite set is acquired, which greatly improves the stability and reliability of communication, thereby meeting the requirements of long-distance communication.

[0016] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the embodiment of the present application, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the embodiment of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 A flow chart of a satellite communication window acquisition method according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0019] Figure 2 A flow chart of selecting a satellite set that meets preset communication requirements from various satellites based on the ephemeris data of each satellite according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0020] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a large-scale time and space reflection communication system according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0021] Figure 4 A flow chart of a satellite communication window acquisition method according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0022] Figure 5 A flow chart of a satellite communication window acquisition method according to another embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0023] Figure 6 A flowchart of selecting a satellite that meets the conditions according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0024] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the outage probability of Starlink-1570 obtained through simulation according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0025] Figure 8 A structural block diagram of a satellite communication window acquisition device according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0026] Fig. 9 A structural block diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0027] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of a computer-readable storage medium according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0029] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. It should also be understood that terms such as those defined in general dictionaries should be understood to have meanings consistent with the meanings in the context of the prior art, and will not be interpreted with idealized or overly formal meanings unless specifically defined as here.

[0030] Tropospheric scatter communication in the related art is a long-distance wireless communication method that uses the inhomogeneities in the tropospheric atmosphere to transmit radio waves in a forward bend pipe. Its communication distance ranges from line of sight to hundreds of kilometers. The core of this communication method lies in the geometric position relationship, which requires that the elevation angles of the transmitting and receiving antennas be aligned with the troposphere so that the directions of the transmitted and received signals can meet the mirror reflection conditions. Natural scatterers in the troposphere, such as water vapor, aerosols and other atmospheric components, always exist, ensuring that scattering communications can work normally at any time and season. Therefore, the tropospheric propagation channel has the continuity of 365 days a year and 24 hours a day, which makes this communication method do not require window prediction, that is, it has a spatial window but no time window.

[0031] The main disadvantages of tropospheric scatter communication are its distance limitation and weather-affected characteristics. Its single-hop distance is generally 300 kilometers, and the channel transmission loss is extremely large. It is affected by frequency, distance and terrain, and has obvious daily and seasonal changes. For example, the signal level in summer may be 10 to 20 dB higher than in winter. In addition, the fading problem of scattered signals is also relatively serious. Its signal fading characteristics are usually described by the Rayleigh fading model, and the fading rate can reach several hertz to more than ten hertz, resulting in unstable performance.

[0032] Meteor trail communication in the related art is a special wireless communication method that detects the trails produced by meteoroids in the atmosphere and uses them as a medium to achieve information transmission by scattering or reflecting electromagnetic waves. The workstation usually continuously sends detection sequences or detection frames to monitor the appearance of available trails in real time. Once the meteor channel is established, the system will quickly start information transmission. Unlike conventional communication methods, meteor trail communication relies on the existence of a trail channel, which is reflected in the threshold judgment of the received signal-to-noise ratio; only when the received signal-to-noise ratio exceeds the preset threshold value, the system will transmit data at the set rate. This makes meteor trail communication have no spatial window, but there is a time window, which means that communication can only be carried out within a short period of time.

[0033] Although meteor trail communication has a relatively large single-hop distance (up to 1,000 to 1,500 kilometers) compared to tropospheric scatter communication, its disadvantages are also very obvious. The appearance of meteor trails is unpredictable, making it difficult to establish communication links. Since the existence time of meteor trails is usually only a few hundred milliseconds to a few seconds, meteor trail communication becomes an opportunistic communication, and effective data transmission can only be carried out during the brief opportunity when the meteor trail appears. Since each meteor trail channel exists for a short time, it takes an average of ten seconds to find a new channel for communication, which further limits the stability and reliability of its communication.

[0034] In response to the problem of poor communication stability and reliability in related technologies, an embodiment of the present application provides a satellite communication window acquisition method, which acquires ephemeris data of each satellite in a communication system, selects a satellite set that meets preset communication requirements from each of the satellites based on the ephemeris data of each satellite, and acquires large-scale fading data of the satellite for each satellite in the satellite set, wherein the large-scale fading data includes path loss and shadow fading of the satellite; based on the large-scale fading data of each satellite in the satellite set, acquires a first communication window of the satellite set, thereby greatly improving the stability and reliability of communication and meeting the requirements of long-distance communication.

[0035] The following describes a satellite communication window acquisition method, device, electronic device and storage medium proposed according to an embodiment of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0036] refer to Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides a satellite communication window acquisition method, which may include steps S10 to S40: S10. Acquire ephemeris data of each satellite in the communication system.

[0037] Specifically, the ephemeris data may include an orbital inclination and a sub-satellite point trajectory; obtaining the ephemeris data of each satellite in the communication system includes: obtaining the orbital inclination and the sub-satellite point trajectory of each satellite in the communication system.

[0038] S20. Based on the ephemeris data of each satellite, a set of satellites that meet preset communication requirements are selected from the satellites.

[0039] Exemplarily, the ephemeris data may include orbital inclination and sub-satellite point trajectory; Figure 2 As shown, based on the ephemeris data of each satellite, selecting a satellite set that meets the preset communication requirements from the satellites may include steps S201 to S203: S201. According to the orbital inclination of each satellite, select from the satellites the satellites whose absolute value of the difference between the orbital inclination and the first angle is less than a preset angle threshold, to obtain a first set.

[0040] The first angle is an angle between a pre-acquired first connecting line and the equator, and the first connecting line is a trajectory connecting line between the receiving end and the transmitting end.

[0041] S202: Select from the first set a second set of satellites whose sub-satellite point trajectories pass through a receiving end and a transmitting end within a preset time period.

[0042] S203: Select satellites whose radar cross section values ​​exceed a preset threshold from the second set to obtain the satellite set.

[0043] S30. For each satellite in the satellite set, obtain large-scale fading data of the satellite, where the large-scale fading data includes path loss and shadow fading of the satellite.

[0044] Exemplarily, for each satellite in the satellite set, obtaining large-scale fading data of the satellite may include: For each satellite in the satellite set, the total path loss from the transmitter to the receiver is calculated, and the total path loss includes the path loss from the transmitter to the satellite and the path loss from the satellite to the receiver; the path loss from the transmitter to the satellite is the ratio of the surface area of ​​the first sphere to the effective cross-sectional area of ​​the satellite receiving point; the first sphere is a sphere with the distance from the transmitter to the satellite as the radius; the effective cross-sectional area is the radar scattering cross section of the satellite in the preset incident direction and the preset scattering direction. The path loss from the satellite to the receiver, also known as the free space path loss (FSPL), is the ratio of the surface area of ​​the second sphere to the effective area of ​​the receiving point, and the second sphere is a sphere with the distance from the satellite to the receiver as the radius; For each satellite in the satellite set, calculate the overall shadow fading of the satellite, where the overall shadow fading is the sum of the shadow fading from the transmitting end to the satellite and the shadow fading from the satellite to the receiving end; For each satellite in the satellite set, the product of the path loss of the satellite and the overall shadow fading is calculated to obtain the large-scale fading data of the satellite.

[0045] S40: Acquire a first communication window of the satellite set based on the large-scale fading data of each satellite in the satellite set.

[0046] The first communication window may be referred to as a coarse-grained communication window.

[0047] Exemplarily, acquiring a first communication window of the satellite set based on large-scale fading data of each satellite in the satellite set may include: Acquire a signal-to-noise ratio based on large-scale fading data of each satellite in the satellite set; Based on the signal-to-noise ratio, obtaining an interruption probability; Based on the interruption probability, a first communication window is established.

[0048] In some embodiments, the method may further include: S50. Based on the Rice fading model, small-scale fading channels from the transmitter to the satellite and from the satellite to the receiver are obtained.

[0049] Rician fading occurs when there is a strong direct path (LOS path) signal along with multipath signals from different directions.

[0050] S60: Acquire a second communication window of the small-scale fading channel based on the large-scale fading data of each satellite in the satellite set.

[0051] The second communication window may be referred to as a fine-grained communication window.

[0052] Exemplarily, acquiring the second communication window of the small-scale fading channel based on the large-scale fading data of each satellite in the satellite set may include: Calculating the signal-to-noise ratio of the small-scale fading channel based on the large-scale fading data of each satellite in the satellite set; Based on the signal-to-noise ratio of the small-scale fading channel, obtaining an interruption probability of the small-scale fading channel; Based on the interruption probability, a second communication window of the small-scale fading channel is obtained.

[0053] refer to Figure 3As shown, another embodiment of the present application provides a large-scale reflection communication system in space and time that can be used for ultra-long-distance, high-reliability communication, including communication window prediction, signal detection, link establishment, and transmission. Accurately determining the communication window is the first step to achieve effective communication. In the predicted communication window, the transmitter performs continuous signal detection. When the receiving end successfully captures and processes the detection signal, it sends an RTR (ready to receive) signal, marking the initial establishment of a two-way communication link. Subsequently, the transmitting end sends the data, and the receiving end returns an ACK (acknowledgement) signal to confirm receipt of the data. The space window involves the transmitting and receiving ends performing beam tracking based on the satellite ephemeris and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) to ensure alignment of the signal in physical space.

[0054] refer to Figure 4 As shown, another embodiment of the present application provides a satellite communication window acquisition method for realizing ultra-long-distance high-reliability communication, which can be applied to a large-scale space-time reflection communication system. In this method, according to the ephemeris information, a satellite set and its corresponding initial communication window are obtained by a large-scale star selection method. The coarse-grained communication window is established by combining the large-scale fading model to estimate the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and analyze the outage probability. Subsequently, the interruption probability was further analyzed by introducing a small-scale fading model, and a fine-grained communication window was established. .

[0055] For example, reference Figure 5 As shown, the satellite communication window acquisition method may include the following steps: S1. Large-scale star selection.

[0056] Satellite selection is one of the key steps in the design of satellite reflection communication system. Figure 6 As shown, by analyzing the satellite orbits and combining the geographical location and communication requirements of the ground station, qualified satellites are reasonably selected to narrow the scope of subsequent interruption probability calculations.

[0057] Step S101: Selection of orbital inclination.

[0058] In satellite reflection communication, orbital inclination refers to the angle between the satellite orbit plane and the earth's equator. The angle between the trajectory line connecting the sending and receiving points and the equator is calculated. The satellite's orbital inclination needs to be as close to this angle as possible. After preliminary screening, a set of satellites that meet the conditions is obtained. .

[0059] Step S102: Sub-satellite point trajectory analysis.

[0060] The point where the line connecting the center of mass of a satellite orbiting the earth and the center of the earth intersects with the earth's surface is called the subsatellite point. The curve connecting all the subsatellite points during the satellite's orbit around the earth is called the subsatellite point trajectory, which represents the flight path of the satellite above the earth. By analyzing the satellite's ephemeris data and using the simulation software STK to calculate and simulate the satellite trajectory, we can select a set of satellites whose subsatellite point trajectory can pass through the two locations of the transmitter and receiver within one hour. And the corresponding time period set , and can be expressed as .

[0061] Step S103: Make a judgment using the radar cross section RCS.

[0062] In three-dimensional space, for frequency points Discrete calculation of 360-degree azimuth and 180-degree elevation is performed every Get the corresponding RCS value. The time period corresponding to each satellite Each The second position is associated with the discrete RCS value closest to the current angle, so as to obtain the Finally, filter out the continuous RCS curves in the time period All RCS values ​​within the satellites, and get a new satellite set .

[0063] Among them, the radar cross section RCS (Radar Cross section, abbreviated RCS) is a parameter that quantitatively describes the radar characteristics of a target, that is, the effective scattering area of ​​the target to the incident radar wave. It is not only related to the geometric dimensions and physical parameters of the target (such as size, shape, material and structure), but also to the frequency, polarization, waveform and other parameters of the incident wave. At the same time, it is also related to the attitude angle of the target relative to the radar. It can be expressed by the following equation: (1.1) in, is the incident field, is the scattered field, is the distance from the receiver to the target.

[0064] S2. Coarse-grained communication window prediction.

[0065] The outage probability is often used to evaluate the reliability and performance of a communication system. By analyzing the outage probability, the communication window can be predicted. The rough prediction method of the communication window based on large-scale fading is as follows: Step S201: Based on the current ephemeris, a large-scale satellite selection is carried out to preliminarily screen out a set of satellites that may perform reflection communication tasks within one hour. .

[0066] Step S202: Calculate the real-time coordinates of the satellite in the WGS-84 coordinate system using satellite ephemeris data . Calculate the distance between the transmitter and the receiver and the satellite, as well as the direction and elevation angle relative to the satellite. Then, convert the geodetic coordinates (ellipsoid coordinates) and Convert to Cartesian coordinates in the WGS-84 coordinate system and .

[0067] Step S203: Calculate the vector from the satellite to the transmitter and receiver on the ground and . Use the rotation matrix to transform these relative position vectors into the VVLH coordinate system and get and .

[0068] Step S204: Calculate the distances between the satellite and the transmitter and receiver: (1.2) The azimuth is the relative position vector in the satellite VVLH coordinate system. Projection on a plane The angle between the positive half axes ranges from 0 to 360 degrees: (1.3) The elevation angle is the relative position vector to The angle between the axes, ranging from -90 to 90 degrees: (1.4) Step S205: Use HFSS software to simulate the radar cross section of satellites at different times , the directions of the incident and reflected waves are given by In addition, the frequency range, material properties, and target geometry need to be specified. After the simulation is complete, HFSS will provide RCS results .

[0069] Step S206: Calculating Basic Path Loss in Large-Scale Fading .

[0070] Among them, the distance from the transmitter to the satellite is , during the propagation process, the signal forms a surface area of The effective cross-sectional area of ​​the satellite receiving point is ,in is the radar cross section of the satellite at a specific incident and scattering direction. In the case of uniform energy propagation, the power ratio is roughly equal to the area ratio, so the basic path loss from the transmitter to the satellite is: (1.5) Similarly, the distance from the satellite to the receiver is , the effective area of ​​the receiving point is Therefore, the basic path loss from the satellite to the receiver, also called the free space path loss (FSPL), is: (1.6) in, is the wavelength, is the center frequency, It's the speed of light.

[0071] Therefore, the total path loss caused by electromagnetic wave propagation in free space can be expressed as: (1.7) Step S207: Calculate shadow fading in large-scale fading .

[0072] Shadow fading (SF) is a slow fading caused by obstacles on the ground and in space (such as buildings, hills, etc.) blocking and scattering the signal. The shadow fading model uses a normal distribution, which has a mean of zero and a standard deviation of The normal distribution of Therefore, the shadow fading from the transmitter to the satellite is , the shadow fading from the satellite to the receiver is The overall shadow fading can be expressed as: (1.8) The calculated shadow attenuation is expressed numerically as (1.9) Step S208: Large-scale fading in satellite communications includes basic path loss and shadow fading caused by large obstacles, which can be expressed as: (1.10) According to the satellite reflection communication channel model, the signal-to-noise ratio SNR is calculated (1.11) in is the received power, is the transmit power, is the noise power, .

[0073] Step S209: Based on the signal-to-noise ratio, the outage probability can be expressed as (1.12) Since SF follows a normal distribution, (1.13) in is the complementary error function, so we can solve Range (1.14) according to range, determine the time window that meets the conditions and ensure that it is greater than the minimum link holding time .

[0074] S3. Fine-grained communication window prediction.

[0075] In addition, the communication window fine prediction method combining large-scale and small-scale fading is as follows: Step S301: It is known that large-scale fading includes basic path loss and shadow fading .in , .

[0076] Step S302: In satellite communications, signals usually have a strong line-of-sight (LoS) component and a small amount of weak reflection components, so they can be modeled using the Rician fading model. According to the general Rician fading model, the instantaneous channel coefficient can be expressed as: (1.15) The small-scale fading channel from the transmitter to the satellite and from the satellite to the receiver can be expressed as (1.16) (1.17) in, and It obeys Rice distribution, and the means of LOS diameters are and , the variances of the NLOS paths are and .So, and The probability density functions are (1.18) (1.19) in represents the zeroth-order modified Bessel function of the first kind.

[0077] Step S303: Calculate the signal-to-noise ratio SNR (1.20) in , Lognormal distribution , its probability density function can be expressed as (1.21) because and is independent, so The probability density function of It can be expressed as (1.22) Therefore, according to the random variable transformation, we can get The probability density function of (1.23) So, The probability density function of can be expressed as (1.24) Step S304: Based on the signal-to-noise ratio, the outage probability can be expressed as (1.25) In a specific example, a satellite communication window acquisition method is provided, which is intended to use Starlink satellites for long-distance communication, and includes steps 1 to 3: Step 1: Large-scale star selection.

[0078] According to the geographical location of the transmitter (latitude 39.9289°, longitude 116.388°) and the receiver (latitude 25.7°, longitude 100.183°), select Starlink satellites with an orbital inclination of about 53 degrees. By considering the geographical location of these two places, ensure that the satellite's sub-satellite point trajectory has the opportunity to pass through both the transmitter and the receiver. Use the STK (Satellite Tool Kit) satellite simulation software to model the selected Starlink satellite with an orbital inclination of about 53 degrees. Through modeling, using sub-satellite point trajectory analysis and RCS judgment, obtain the set of satellites that meet the conditions and their corresponding communication time periods , in order to make subsequent communication window predictions.

[0079] Step 2: Communication parameter settings.

[0080] The communication parameters of the transmitter and receiver are set as follows: transmission power: 1000 watts (W); frequency: 1.296 gigahertz (GHz); antenna diameter: 9 meters (m); antenna gain of the transmitter and receiver: 41.74 decibels (dB); noise power spectral density: -174 dBm / Hz; bandwidth: 25 kilohertz (kHz); set the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) threshold to -10 dB.

[0081] Step 3: Communication window prediction.

[0082] According to the coarse-grained communication window prediction method, after the ephemeris deadline of October 23, 2024, 06:08 (UTC), it is determined that the most suitable Starlink satellite in the next two hours is Starlink-1570. The simulation is performed using MATLAB software. The schematic diagram of the interruption probability of Starlink-1570 is obtained through simulation, as shown in Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the predicted communication window time with an interruption probability of less than 10% is 56 seconds. For other satellites, due to the extremely short communication window, some satellites cannot even achieve effective communication connection within two hours, so the communication demand cannot be met.

[0083] The satellite communication window acquisition method of this example can be applied to reflection communications on a large time and space scale. By utilizing the predictable orbits of passive satellites, the stability and reliability of the communication system are greatly improved. This feature enables the communication system to maintain a high link establishment success rate in the face of uncertainty. Compared with the brevity of meteor trail communications, the communication time achieved by the method of this embodiment can reach the minute level, providing a longer effective communication period. In addition, compared with tropospheric scatter communications and meteor trail communications, the method of this embodiment can support longer-distance data transmission of thousands of kilometers.

[0084] In addition, in the communication window prediction method of this example, a large-scale satellite selection technology is used to efficiently select suitable satellite resources. This process not only improves the success rate of communication window prediction, but also significantly improves the success rate of link establishment, allowing the system to quickly adapt and establish an effective communication link in a complex communication environment.

[0085] The above description of various embodiments tends to emphasize the differences between the various embodiments. The same or similar aspects can be referenced to each other, and for the sake of brevity, they will not be repeated herein.

[0086] refer to Figure 8 As shown, another embodiment of the present application provides a satellite communication window acquisition device, which may include: An ephemeris data acquisition module is used to acquire the ephemeris data of each satellite in the communication system; A selection module, configured to select a set of satellites that meet preset communication requirements from the satellites based on the ephemeris data of each satellite; A fading data acquisition module, used for acquiring large-scale fading data of each satellite in the satellite set, wherein the large-scale fading data includes path loss and shadow fading of the satellite; The communication window acquisition module is used to acquire a first communication window of the satellite set based on the large-scale fading data of each satellite in the satellite set.

[0087] Exemplarily, the ephemeris data includes orbital inclination and sub-satellite point trajectory; the ephemeris data acquisition module is further specifically used to acquire the orbital inclination and sub-satellite point trajectory of each satellite in the communication system.

[0088] Exemplarily, the selection module may include: A first selection unit is used to select, from the satellites, a satellite whose absolute value of the difference between the orbital inclination and the first angle is less than a preset angle threshold according to the orbital inclination of each satellite, to obtain a first set; the first angle is an angle between a pre-acquired first connecting line and the equator, and the first connecting line is a trajectory connecting line between a receiving end and a transmitting end; A second selection unit is used to select, from the first set, a second set of satellites whose sub-satellite point trajectories pass through the receiving end and the transmitting end within a preset time period; The third selection unit is used to select satellites whose radar cross section values ​​exceed a preset threshold from the second set to obtain the satellite set.

[0089] Exemplarily, the fading data acquisition module may include: A path loss acquisition unit, configured to calculate, for each satellite in the satellite set, an overall path loss from a transmitting end to a receiving end, wherein the overall path loss includes a path loss from the transmitting end to the satellite and a path loss from the satellite to the receiving end; A total shadow fading acquisition unit, used for calculating the total shadow fading of each satellite in the satellite set, wherein the total shadow fading is the sum of the shadow fading from the transmitting end to the satellite and the shadow fading from the satellite to the receiving end; The fading data acquisition unit is used to calculate the product of the path loss of each satellite in the satellite set and the overall shadow fading to obtain the large-scale fading data of the satellite.

[0090] Exemplarily, the communication window acquisition module is further specifically used to: acquire a signal-to-noise ratio based on large-scale fading data of each satellite in the satellite set; acquire an interruption probability based on the signal-to-noise ratio; and establish a first communication window based on the interruption probability.

[0091] Exemplarily, the device may further include: A small-scale fading channel acquisition module is used to acquire small-scale fading channels from the transmitter to the satellite and from the satellite to the receiver based on the Rice fading model; The second communication window acquisition module is used to acquire the second communication window of the small-scale fading channel based on the large-scale fading data of each satellite in the satellite set.

[0092] Exemplarily, the second communication window acquisition module is further specifically used to: calculate the signal-to-noise ratio of the small-scale fading channel based on the large-scale fading data of each satellite in the satellite set; obtain the interruption probability of the small-scale fading channel based on the signal-to-noise ratio of the small-scale fading channel; and obtain the second communication window of the small-scale fading channel based on the interruption probability.

[0093] The above description of various embodiments tends to emphasize the differences between the various embodiments. The same or similar aspects can be referenced to each other, and for the sake of brevity, they will not be repeated herein.

[0094] Another embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement a method of any of the above embodiments.

[0095] refer to Fig. 9As shown, the electronic device 10 may include: a processor 100, a memory 101, a bus 102 and a communication interface 103, and the processor 100, the communication interface 103 and the memory 101 are connected via the bus 102; the memory 101 stores a computer program that can be run on the processor 100, and when the processor 100 runs the computer program, it executes the method provided in any of the aforementioned embodiments of the present application.

[0096] The memory 101 may include a high-speed random access memory (RAM), and may also include a non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage. The communication connection between the device network element and at least one other network element is realized through at least one communication interface 103 (which may be wired or wireless), and the Internet, wide area network, local area network, metropolitan area network, etc. may be used.

[0097] The bus 102 may be an ISA bus, a PCI bus, or an EISA bus, etc. The bus may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. The memory 101 is used to store a program, and the processor 100 executes the program after receiving an execution instruction. The method disclosed in any implementation of the aforementioned embodiment of the present application may be applied to the processor 100, or implemented by the processor 100.

[0098] The processor 100 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. In the implementation process, each step of the above method can be completed by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in the processor 100 or an instruction in the form of software. The above processor 100 may be a general-purpose processor, which may include a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), etc.; it may also be a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gates or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components. The methods, steps and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented or executed. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may also be any conventional processor, etc. The steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be directly embodied as a hardware decoding processor for execution, or a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor for execution. The software module may be located in a mature storage medium in the field such as a random access memory, a flash memory, a read-only memory, a programmable read-only memory or an electrically erasable programmable memory, a register, etc. The storage medium is located in the memory 101, and the processor 100 reads the information in the memory 101 and completes the steps of the above method in combination with its hardware.

[0099] The electronic device provided in the embodiment of the present application and the method provided in the embodiment of the present application are based on the same inventive concept and have the same beneficial effects as the method adopted, operated or implemented by them.

[0100] The above description of various embodiments tends to emphasize the differences between the various embodiments. The same or similar aspects can be referenced to each other, and for the sake of brevity, they will not be repeated herein.

[0101] Another embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the method of any of the above embodiments. Fig.10 As shown, the computer-readable storage medium shown is a CD 20 on which a computer program (ie, a program product) is stored. When the computer program is run by a processor, the method provided by any of the aforementioned embodiments will be executed.

[0102] It should be noted that examples of computer-readable storage media may also include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other optical or magnetic storage media, which are not listed here one by one.

[0103] The computer-readable storage medium provided in the above-mentioned embodiments of the present application and the method provided in the embodiments of the present application are based on the same inventive concept and have the same beneficial effects as the method adopted, run or implemented by the application program stored therein.

[0104] The above description of various embodiments tends to emphasize the differences between the various embodiments. The same or similar aspects can be referenced to each other, and for the sake of brevity, they will not be repeated herein.

[0105] It should be noted that: The term "module" is not intended to be limited to a specific physical form. Depending on the specific application, a module can be implemented as hardware, firmware, software, and / or a combination thereof. In addition, different modules can share common components or even be implemented by the same components. There may or may not be clear boundaries between different modules.

[0106] The algorithm and display provided herein are not inherently related to any specific computer, virtual device or other equipment. Various general devices can also be used together with examples based on this. According to the above description, it is obvious to construct the structure required for this type of device. In addition, the application is not directed to any specific programming language yet. It should be understood that various programming languages ​​can be utilized to realize the content of the application described herein, and the description made to specific languages ​​above is for the purpose of disclosing the best mode of implementation of the application.

[0107] It should be understood that, although the steps in the flowchart of the accompanying drawings are displayed in sequence as indicated by the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in sequence in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless otherwise specified herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and they can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least a part of the steps in the flowchart of the accompanying drawings may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages, and these sub-steps or stages are not necessarily executed at the same time, but can be executed at different times, and their execution order is not necessarily sequential, but can be executed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least a part of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.

[0108] The above embodiments only express the implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A satellite communication window acquisition method, characterized in that: include: Obtain ephemeris data for each satellite in the communication system; Based on the ephemeris data of each satellite, a set of satellites that meet preset communication requirements are selected from the satellites; For each satellite in the satellite set, large-scale fading data of the satellite is obtained, where the large-scale fading data includes path loss and shadow fading of the satellite; A first communication window of the satellite set is acquired based on the large-scale fading data of each satellite in the satellite set.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The ephemeris data includes orbital inclination and sub-satellite point trajectory; the ephemeris data of each satellite in the communication system is obtained, including: Obtain the orbital inclination and sub-satellite point trajectory of each satellite in the communication system.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The selecting, based on the ephemeris data of each satellite, a set of satellites that meet preset communication requirements from the satellites comprises: According to the orbital inclination of each satellite, a satellite whose absolute value of the difference between the orbital inclination and the first angle is less than a preset angle threshold is selected from the satellites to obtain a first set; the first angle is the angle between the first connecting line obtained in advance and the equator, and the first connecting line is the trajectory connecting line of the receiving end and the transmitting end; Selecting from the first set a second set of satellites whose sub-satellite point trajectories pass through the receiving end and the transmitting end within a preset time period; Satellites whose radar cross section values ​​exceed a preset threshold are selected from the second set to obtain the satellite set.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of acquiring large-scale fading data of each satellite in the satellite set includes: For each satellite in the satellite set, calculating a total path loss from a transmitting end to a receiving end, wherein the total path loss includes a path loss from the transmitting end to the satellite and a path loss from the satellite to the receiving end; For each satellite in the satellite set, calculate the overall shadow fading of the satellite, where the overall shadow fading is the sum of the shadow fading from the transmitting end to the satellite and the shadow fading from the satellite to the receiving end; For each satellite in the satellite set, the product of the path loss of the satellite and the overall shadow fading is calculated to obtain the large-scale fading data of the satellite.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The acquiring a first communication window of the satellite set based on the large-scale fading data of each satellite in the satellite set comprises: Acquire a signal-to-noise ratio based on large-scale fading data of each satellite in the satellite set; Based on the signal-to-noise ratio, obtaining an interruption probability; Based on the interruption probability, a first communication window is established.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method further comprises: Based on the Rice fading model, small-scale fading channels from the transmitter to the satellite and from the satellite to the receiver are obtained; Based on the large-scale fading data of each satellite in the satellite set, a second communication window of the small-scale fading channel is obtained.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The acquiring the second communication window of the small-scale fading channel based on the large-scale fading data of each satellite in the satellite set comprises: Calculating the signal-to-noise ratio of the small-scale fading channel based on the large-scale fading data of each satellite in the satellite set; Based on the signal-to-noise ratio of the small-scale fading channel, obtaining an interruption probability of the small-scale fading channel; Based on the interruption probability, a second communication window of the small-scale fading channel is obtained.

8. A satellite communication window acquisition device, characterized in that: include: An ephemeris data acquisition module is used to acquire the ephemeris data of each satellite in the communication system; A selection module, configured to select a set of satellites that meet preset communication requirements from the satellites based on the ephemeris data of each satellite; A fading data acquisition module, used for acquiring large-scale fading data of each satellite in the satellite set, wherein the large-scale fading data includes path loss and shadow fading of the satellite; The communication window acquisition module is used to acquire a first communication window of the satellite set based on the large-scale fading data of each satellite in the satellite set.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the satellite communication window acquisition method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: The computer program is executed by a processor to implement the satellite communication window acquisition method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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