Loudspeaker and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention provides a loudspeaker and electronic equipment, and the loudspeaker comprises a support which is provided with an accommodation cavity with openings at two sides; the vibration system is connected to the support and covers the opening in one side of the containing cavity. The driving system is connected to the support and covers the opening in the other side of the containing cavity, and the driving system is used for driving the vibration system to vibrate so as to generate sound waves; the driving system comprises a phase inversion plug, the phase inversion plug is provided with at least one phase inversion channel, one end of the phase inversion channel is a sound inlet hole, and the sound inlet hole is located in the accommodating cavity; and the other end is a sound outlet hole which is located outside the accommodating cavity. According to the loudspeaker, the phase inversion channel is arranged on the phase inversion plug, and the sound in the accommodating cavity is transmitted to the outside of the loudspeaker through the phase inversion channel, so that the sound is superposed with the sound wave on the surface of one side, far away from the driving system, of the vibration system, a low-frequency enhancement effect is formed, a fuller and more powerful bass effect is realized, distortion is reduced, and the overall sound quality is improved. And the bass cut-off frequency is effectively reduced, so that the playback effect of the loudspeaker is better.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of audio technology, and more specifically, to a speaker and an electronic device. Background Art

[0002] In the field of audio equipment, speakers are key components that convert electrical signals into sound signals, and their performance directly affects the overall performance of the audio system. In particular, low-frequency response, as one of the important indicators for measuring speaker performance, is crucial for creating deep and shocking sound effects. However, traditional speakers often have high cutoff frequencies and unsatisfactory playback effects in the low-frequency band, which limits their application in scenes that pursue extreme sound quality. Summary of the invention

[0003] The embodiments of the present application provide a loudspeaker and an electronic device to solve the problem that the loudspeaker in the prior art has a high cutoff frequency and an unsatisfactory playback effect.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted in the embodiment of the present application is: to provide a speaker, including: a bracket, a vibration system and a driving system. The bracket has a storage cavity with openings on both sides; the vibration system is connected to the bracket and covers one side opening of the storage cavity; the driving system is connected to the bracket and covers the other side opening of the storage cavity; the driving system is used to drive the vibration system to vibrate to generate sound waves; the driving system includes a phase inversion plug, and the phase inversion plug is provided with at least one phase inversion channel, one end of the phase inversion channel is a sound inlet hole, which is located in the storage cavity; the other end is a sound outlet hole, which is located outside the storage cavity.

[0005] In summary, the sound in the accommodating cavity can be transmitted to the outside of the speaker through the inverted channel, and then superimposed with the sound waves on the front side of the vibration system (i.e., the side surface of the sound membrane away from the accommodating cavity), forming a low-frequency enhancement effect, achieving a fuller and more powerful bass effect, while reducing distortion and improving the overall sound quality. The bass cutoff frequency is effectively reduced, making the speaker's playback effect better.

[0006] In an optional implementation of the first aspect, the drive system further includes: a washer, a magnetic component and a U cup. The washer is annular and has a first through hole in the middle; the magnetic component is annular and has a second through hole in the middle, and the side surface of the magnetic component close to the vibration system is connected to the side surface of the washer away from the vibration system; the U cup has a groove opening toward the accommodating cavity, and the bottom of the groove has a third through hole; the bottom of the groove is close to the side surface of the vibration system and is connected to the side surface of the magnetic component away from the vibration system, and the circumferential outer wall of the U cup is connected to the circumferential inner wall of the accommodating cavity; the inverted plug includes a bottom plate and a positioning column arranged on the side surface of the bottom plate close to the vibration system, and the circumferential side wall of the positioning column abuts against the hole walls of the third through hole, the second through hole and the first through hole; the side surface of the bottom plate close to the vibration system is connected to the side surface of the bottom of the groove away from the vibration system.

[0007] In this way, the positioning column on the phase inversion plug can be used to position the washers, magnetic parts, and U cups. Since the positioning column is tightly connected to the first through hole, the second through hole, and the third through hole without gaps, the connection reliability between the washers, magnetic parts, and U cups is enhanced. No jig is required to position the washers, magnetic parts, and U cups, which reduces costs and is easy to install.

[0008] In an optional embodiment of the first aspect, a circumferential side wall of the positioning column and a side surface of the bottom plate close to the vibration system are provided with an inversion groove; the hole wall of the first through hole, the hole wall of the second through hole, the hole wall of the third through hole and the bottom of the groove away from the side surface of the vibration system enclose the inversion groove to form the inversion channel.

[0009] In this way, when the phase inversion plug, washer, magnetic parts and U cup are installed, the phase inversion channel is also formed. In addition, the phase inversion slot is easy to process and has low cost.

[0010] In an optional implementation of the first aspect, the sound inlet hole is located on a side surface of the positioning column close to the vibration system, the sound outlet hole is located on a side surface of the bottom plate away from the vibration system, or the sound outlet hole is located on a circumferential side wall of the bottom plate.

[0011] In this way, the connection between the inside and outside of the accommodating cavity is achieved by designing an inverted phase channel inside the inverted phase plug. In addition, the positioning column can be designed to be cylindrical, thereby enhancing the connection reliability between the washer, magnetic part, U cup and the positioning column. If the sound outlet is located on the circumferential side wall of the bottom plate, the inverted phase channel is L-shaped. The L-shaped inverted phase channel makes it difficult for foreign matter such as dust to enter the accommodating cavity, thereby reducing the noise caused by foreign matter.

[0012] In an optional embodiment of the first aspect, the vibration system includes a sound diaphragm and a voice coil, and the voice coil is connected to the sound diaphragm; the accommodating cavity includes a first cavity and a second cavity that are connected, and the diameter of the first cavity is larger than the diameter of the second cavity; the sound diaphragm is fixed in the first cavity, and the voice coil is located in the accommodating cavity.

[0013] In this way, the size of the sound diaphragm can be made larger, so that the large-size sound diaphragm can more easily achieve a wider frequency response range, allowing the speaker to more accurately restore the various frequency components in the audio signal, reduce distortion and improve sound quality.

[0014] In an optional implementation of the first aspect, a gap is provided between the circumferential outer side walls of the washer and the magnetic member and the inner side wall of the groove; the voice coil is at least partially located in the gap. The up and down movement of the voice coil drives the sound membrane to vibrate, thereby producing sound.

[0015] In an optional embodiment of the first aspect, the height of the positioning column is greater than or equal to the sum of the heights of the first through hole, the second through hole, and the third through hole, and when the vibration system is at maximum amplitude, there is a gap between the side surface of the positioning column close to the vibration system and the sound membrane.

[0016] In this way, the diaphragm can be supported without affecting its normal operation, thus preventing damage caused by pressure on the diaphragm. In addition, a higher positioning column can also make the inverted channel longer and the low-frequency cutoff frequency lower.

[0017] In an optional implementation of the first aspect, the outer diameter of the U cup is equal to the inner diameter of the second cavity; a first limiting step is provided on the circumferential inner side wall of the second cavity, and the first limiting step is used to limit the installation depth of the U cup. By providing the first limiting step, the difficulty of installation can be greatly reduced.

[0018] In an optional implementation of the first aspect, a second limiting step is further provided on the circumferential inner side wall of the second cavity, and the second limiting step is used to limit the bottom of the groove of the U cup away from the side surface of the vibration system. The U cup and the bracket are fixed by the injection molding process, so that the connection between the U cup and the bracket is more firm and reliable.

[0019] In an optional implementation of the first aspect, it also includes tuning paper; the bracket has an annular connecting plate at the interface between the first cavity and the second cavity, and one or more tuning holes are arranged on the annular connecting plate; the tuning paper covers the one or more tuning holes. In this way, the sound characteristics of the speaker can be adjusted through the tuning holes and the tuning paper, thereby improving the quality of the sound. In addition, the tuning paper can also protect the tuning holes from being blocked by dust and debris. Since the tuning hole is a channel connecting the inside of the speaker to the outside world, it is easily affected by dust and debris. The presence of the tuning paper can effectively prevent these impurities from entering the inside of the speaker, thereby protecting the normal operation of the speaker.

[0020] In an optional implementation of the first aspect, it further includes a PCB board, wherein the PCB board is connected to the annular connecting plate; and the PCB board and the tuning paper together form a ring shape.

[0021] In an optional implementation of the first aspect, the bass reflex plug is plate-shaped, the sound inlet hole is located on a side surface of the bass reflex plug close to the vibration system, and the sound outlet hole is located on a circumferential side wall of the bass reflex plug.

[0022] In an optional implementation of the first aspect, a protective cover is further included, the protective cover is connected to the bracket, and the vibration system is located in the accommodating cavity enclosed by the protective cover and the bracket. The protective cover can protect the sound membrane and prevent the sound membrane from being damaged or deformed by pressure.

[0023] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, comprising a housing and a speaker as described in any one of the first aspects, wherein the speaker is located in the housing. The electronic device of the embodiment of the present application may include but is not limited to a speaker, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, an ultra-mobile personal computer (UMPC), a handheld computer, a touch-screen TV, a walkie-talkie, a netbook, a POS machine, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wearable device (such as a headset, a Bluetooth glasses or a virtual reality device), and other mobile terminals or fixed terminals with an acoustic transducer (such as a speaker).

[0024] The speaker provided by the present application has the beneficial effect that: the speaker of the embodiment of the present application transmits the sound in the accommodating cavity to the outside of the speaker through the inverted channel by setting an inverted channel on the inverted plug, thereby superimposing with the front sound wave (i.e., the sound wave on the surface of the side of the vibration system away from the driving system), forming a low-frequency enhancement effect, achieving a fuller and more powerful bass effect, while reducing distortion and improving the overall sound quality. The bass cutoff frequency is effectively reduced, so that the playback effect of the speaker is better. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the speaker provided in the embodiment of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0027] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the speaker provided in the embodiment of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0028] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a speaker provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a vertical cross-sectional structure of a loudspeaker provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a vibration system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the sound membrane provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the drive system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of a drive system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of a structure in which a voice coil provided in an embodiment of the present application is located in a gap;

[0035] Fig.10 The frequency response curve diagrams before and after the improvement provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the structure of a phase inversion plug provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of the structure of a phase inversion plug provided in another embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Fig.13 Schematic diagram of the structure of the bracket provided in the embodiment of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0039] Fig.14 Schematic diagram of the structure of the bracket provided in the embodiment of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0040] Fig.15 A schematic diagram of a structure in which a U cup provided in an embodiment of the present application is installed in a receiving cavity of a bracket;

[0041] Fig.16 for Fig.15 A magnified view of part A in FIG.

[0042] Fig.17 A schematic diagram of a structure in which a U cup provided in another embodiment of the present application is installed in a receiving cavity of a bracket;

[0043] Fig.18 for Fig.17 A magnified view of part B in FIG.

[0044] Fig.19 A schematic structural diagram of a phase inversion plug provided in yet another embodiment of the present application.

[0045] Among them, the reference numerals in the figure are:

[0046] 10-vibration system, 11-sound membrane, 111-circular protrusion, 112-annular protrusion, 113-annular connection part, 114-edge connection part, 15-notch, 12-voice coil, 20-bracket, 21-accommodating cavity, 22-annular connection plate, 221-tuning hole, 222-positioning boss, 23-first enclosure, 231-wire groove, 24-second enclosure, 25-first installation position, 26-second installation position, 27-first limit step, 28-first Two limiting steps, A1-top connecting surface, A2-bottom connecting surface, 30-tuning paper, 31-exhaust hole, 40-PCB board, 50-driving system, 51-washer, 511-first through hole, 52-magnetic part, 521-second through hole, 53-U cup, 531-third through hole, 54-inverted phase plug, 541-positioning column, 542-inverted phase slot, 543-sound inlet hole, 544-sound outlet hole, 545-inverted phase channel, 546-bottom plate, 55-gap. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0048] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "plurality" refers to more than two (including two).

[0049] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.

[0050] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0051] It should be understood that in this application, "electrical connection" can be understood as physical contact and electrical conduction between components; it can also be understood as a form in which different components in a circuit structure are connected through physical lines such as printed circuit board (PCB) copper foil or wires that can transmit electrical signals.

[0052] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the orientations or positional relationships indicated by technical terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", and "circumferential" are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application.

[0053] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0054] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "and / or" is only a description of the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that there may be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0055] Reference to "embodiments" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments in any suitable manner.

[0056] Glossary:

[0057] Low Frequency Cutoff refers to the lowest sound frequency that a speaker can reproduce clearly and effectively. It is expressed in Hertz (Hz), which is the number of vibrations per second. This frequency point is an important indicator of the speaker's performance in the low frequency band and affects the speaker's performance in the bass area.

[0058] The playback effect of a speaker refers to the sound quality and characteristics presented when the speaker receives an audio signal, converts it into sound and radiates it into the surrounding space. The playback effect of a speaker is affected by multiple links such as the decoding and amplification of the audio signal and the generation of sound waves through the physical vibration of the speaker. Among them, frequency response is an important indicator to measure the speaker's ability to restore sound at different frequencies. Ideally, a speaker should be able to reproduce sound evenly and accurately throughout the audible frequency range (approximately 20Hz to 20kHz). Speakers with lower low-frequency cutoff frequencies can better reproduce deep bass, while speakers with better high-frequency extension can bring clear and bright highs. Therefore, a lower low-frequency cutoff frequency will result in better speaker playback.

[0059] EQ curve: EQ curve is equalizer curve. The EQ (Equalizer) curve of the speaker is a tool used to adjust the intensity of different frequency components in the audio signal. By adjusting the EQ curve, the sound performance of the speaker, especially the bass effect, can be optimized. The EQ curve is usually represented by a frequency axis (horizontal axis) and a gain axis (vertical axis). The frequency axis represents the different frequency components in the audio signal, from low frequency to high frequency; the gain axis represents the intensity adjustment of each frequency component, which can be an increase (positive gain) or a decrease (negative gain). Low-frequency gain (60Hz to 250Hz band): This frequency band mainly controls the thickness and depth of the music. If you want to enhance the bass effect, you can increase the gain of this frequency band appropriately. However, if you increase it too much, it will produce a sense of turbidity. Mid-low frequency transition (250Hz to 500Hz band): This frequency band has an important influence on the clarity of the human voice and the texture of the instrument. When adjusting the bass, you also need to pay attention to the balance of this frequency band to avoid affecting the clarity of the overall sound.

[0060] Frequency response curve: The frequency response curve of a speaker is a graphical representation of the speaker's ability to respond to sound signals of different frequencies. This curve shows how the output sound pressure level (SPL) or voltage gain of the speaker changes with frequency when audio signals of different frequencies are input. The response values ​​of the speaker at different frequencies are measured and calculated by the test instrument (presented in the form of dB SPL logarithm), and then these response values ​​are connected to form a curve. This curve reflects the speaker's ability to amplify or attenuate sounds of different frequencies.

[0061] At present, in order to reduce the cutoff frequency of the speaker in the low frequency band and improve the playback effect, the following methods are usually used:

[0062] (1) Bass unit optimization: Choose a larger woofer, because a larger woofer can usually produce lower frequency sounds. In addition, the material and structure of the woofer will also affect the low-frequency performance. For example, using a lightweight and rigid diaphragm material can reduce distortion. However, this method will increase costs and make the speaker size too large.

[0063] (2) Adjusting the EQ curve: By adjusting the EQ curve, the spectral characteristics of the audio signal can be changed at the software level to achieve fine-tuning of the audio quality. For example, boosting the low frequency can enhance the thickness of the music, while attenuating the high frequency can reduce harsh noise. However, this method may cause distortion of the sound quality and make the sound muddy and unclear. This is because the speaker has limited response capabilities in the low frequency band, and excessive boosting of the low frequency may exceed its processing capabilities. In addition, over-emphasizing the bass will disrupt the overall balance of the sound, making the mid- and high-frequency parts appear relatively weak. This will affect the layering and clarity of the music and reduce the listening experience.

[0064] (3) Speaker design: Use sealed or inverted speaker designs, which help enhance low-frequency response and reduce low-frequency cutoff frequency. Sealed speakers can provide better low-frequency control, while inverted speakers can reduce low-frequency distortion while maintaining low-frequency volume. This method is to compensate for the speaker's shortcomings in low-frequency cutoff frequency through speaker design, rather than directly improving the speaker. In order to obtain better low-frequency performance, this method will increase the size and weight of the speaker, and the cost will also increase accordingly.

[0065] In order to reduce the cutoff frequency of the speaker in the low frequency band and achieve better playback effect, the embodiment of the present application adopts the following means:

[0066] Please also read Figure 1-Figure 4 Now, the speaker provided in the embodiment of the present application is described. The speaker comprises: a bracket 20 , a vibration system 10 and a driving system 50 .

[0067] The support 20 has a receiving cavity 21 with openings on both sides, and the planes on which the two sides of the receiving cavity 21 are located are parallel to the XOY plane. The vibration system 10 is connected to the support 20 and covers one side opening of the receiving cavity 21. The driving system 50 is connected to the support 20 and covers the other side opening of the receiving cavity 21. The driving system 50 is used to drive the vibration system to vibrate to generate sound waves. The driving system 50 includes an inverted plug 54, and the inverted plug 54 is provided with at least one inverted channel 545, see Figure 4 One end of the inverted channel 545 is a sound inlet 543 located in the accommodating cavity 21; the other end is a sound outlet 544 located outside the accommodating cavity 21. The bracket 20, the vibration system 10 and the driving system 50 have a common central axis, and the three are coaxially installed, that is, along Figure 3 Install in the Z-axis direction.

[0068] The driving system 50 is used to drive the vibration system 10 to vibrate. After the vibration system 10 vibrates, not only the front side of the vibration system 10 (i.e., the side surface of the vibration system 10 away from the driving system 50) will emit sound to form a front sound wave, but also the back side (i.e., the side surface of the vibration system 10 close to the driving system 50) will generate sound waves. The sound in the accommodating cavity 21 is transmitted to the outside of the speaker through the inverted channel 545, thereby superimposing with the front sound wave to form a low-frequency enhancement effect, achieving a fuller and more powerful bass effect, while reducing distortion and improving the overall sound quality. Therefore, the above design can effectively reduce the bass cutoff frequency, so that the playback effect of the speaker is better.

[0069] As some optional implementation modes of the present application, Figure 5 As shown, the vibration system 10 includes a diaphragm 11 and a voice coil 12 .

[0070] The voice coil 12 is a coil wound with copper wire, aluminum wire or copper-plated aluminum wire, and is in a ring shape.

[0071] The diaphragm 11, also known as a diaphragm or a cone, is a lightweight membrane that can vibrate freely, and it vibrates with the vibration of the voice coil 12. Due to the large surface area of ​​the diaphragm 11, it can more effectively convert the vibration into sound waves and radiate them into the surrounding air.

[0072] The embodiment of the present application does not limit the shape of the sound membrane 11. For example, see Figure 6 The sound membrane 11 includes a circular protrusion 111 located in the middle, an annular protrusion 112 located outside the circular protrusion 111, an annular connection portion 113 located between the circular protrusion 111 and the annular protrusion 112, and an edge connection portion 114 located at the outermost edge. The circular protrusion 111 and the annular protrusion 112 both protrude in a direction away from the accommodating cavity 21. Optionally, a plurality of notches 15 are also provided on the annular protrusion 112 to improve the sound quality, increase the stability and durability of the sound membrane 11, and optimize the vibration characteristics. Optionally, the sound membrane 11 is an integrally formed structure.

[0073] The embodiment of the present application does not limit the material of the sound membrane 11. For example, it can be at least one of paper material, plastic, metal or fiber.

[0074] One end of the voice coil 12 along the central axis is connected to a surface of the annular connecting portion 113 close to the accommodating cavity 21 by glue. Figure 5 The dotted line in the figure is the central axis. The edge connection portion 114 of the sound film 11 can be attached to the bracket 20 by adhesive, and the voice coil 12 is located in the accommodating cavity 21.

[0075] As some optional implementation modes of the present application, Figure 7-Figure 8 As shown, the driving system 50 further includes: a washer 51 , a magnetic member 52 and a U cup 53 .

[0076] Washer 51, also known as magnetic conductive plate, is annular and has a first through hole in the middle. The first through hole is opened along the Z-axis direction, and the plane where washer 51 is located is parallel to the XOY plane. Washer 51 can guide and concentrate the magnetic field generated by magnetic part 52 in the space where voice coil 12 moves, providing a constant and uniform magnetic field environment for voice coil 12. The thickness of washer 51 and the width of voice coil 12 determine the size of bass distortion of the speaker. Therefore, a reasonable design of washer 51 helps to reduce distortion and improve the sensitivity and sound quality of the speaker.

[0077] The magnetic part 52, i.e., the magnet, is annular and has a second through hole in the middle, the second through hole is opened along the Z-axis direction, and the plane where the magnetic part 52 is located is parallel to the XOY plane. The side surface of the magnetic part 52 close to the vibration system 10 and the side surface of the washer 51 away from the vibration system 10 can be bonded by glue, or by a solid adhesive layer (such as double-sided tape). Among them, the direction close to the vibration system 10 is the positive direction of the Z-axis, and the direction away from the vibration system 10 is the negative direction of the Z-axis.

[0078] The U cup 53, also known as the U iron, has a groove in the middle opening toward the accommodating cavity 21, and a third through hole is provided in the middle of the bottom of the groove, and the third through hole is opened along the Z-axis direction; the bottom of the groove is annular, and its plane is parallel to the XOY plane; the circumferential side wall of the groove is cylindrical, and it is perpendicular to the XOY plane. The side surface of the bottom of the groove close to the vibration system 10 and the side surface of the magnetic part 52 away from the vibration system 10 can be bonded by glue, or by a solid adhesive layer, and the circumferential outer side wall of the U cup 53 is connected to the circumferential inner side wall of the accommodating cavity 21. The U cup 53 plays a role of magnetic conduction in the speaker, which can gather the divergent magnetic lines of force, thereby increasing the density of the magnetic lines of force, and then increasing the strength of the magnetic field. The U cup 53, the magnetic part 52, and the washer 51 together constitute a closed magnetic circuit system, providing a constant and uniform magnetic field environment for the voice coil 12.

[0079] The inverted plug 54 includes an integrally formed base plate 546 and a positioning column 541 located on one side surface of the base plate 546 . The base plate 546 is circular, and its surface is parallel to the XOY plane. The positioning column 541 on the base plate 546 is arranged along the positive direction of the Z axis, and the positioning column 541 is located at the center of the base plate 546 .

[0080] The apertures of the first through hole 511, the second through hole 521, and the third through hole 531 are consistent and aligned along the Z-axis direction. The positioning column 541 is sequentially arranged in the third through hole 531, the second through hole 521, and the first through hole 511, and the circumferential side wall of the positioning column 541 abuts against the hole walls of the third through hole 531, the second through hole 521, and the first through hole 511. In other words, the circumferential outer side wall of the positioning column 541 is tightly fitted with part or all of the hole walls of the third through hole 531, the second through hole 521, and the first through hole 511. The side surface of the bottom plate 546 close to the vibration system 10 abuts against the side surface of the bottom of the groove away from the vibration system 10.

[0081] In traditional speakers, the U cup 53, the magnetic part 52 and the washer 51 are often fixed by coaxial positioning through a magnetic circuit assembly jig, and then fixed with glue. This fixing method is costly and has a complicated process. In this embodiment, a positioning column 541 is designed on the inverted plug 54, so that the U cup 53, the magnetic part 52 and the washer 51 can be positioned. During production, these components can be assembled without using a jig, which reduces production costs and improves production efficiency.

[0082] After the drive system 50 is assembled, the positioning column 541 also plays a supporting role. Compared with the fixation with glue alone, the positioning column 541 can improve the fitting strength between the magnetic part 52 and the washer 51, thereby improving the reliability of the speaker.

[0083] As some optional implementation modes of the present application, Figure 7-Figure 8 As shown, the circumferential side wall of the positioning column 541 and the side surface of the bottom plate 546 close to the vibration system 10 are provided with an inversion groove 542; the hole wall of the first through hole 511, the hole wall of the second through hole 521, the hole wall of the third through hole 531 and the bottom of the groove away from the side surface of the vibration system 10 enclose the inversion groove 542 to form an inversion channel 545.

[0084] By providing a phase inversion groove 542 on the circumferential side wall of the positioning column 541 and the surface of one side of the bottom plate 546 close to the vibration system 10, the phase inversion channel 545 is formed when the phase inversion plug 54, the washer 51, the magnetic part 52 and the U cup 53 are installed; and the phase inversion groove 542 is easy to process, thereby reducing the cost of manufacturing the phase inversion plug 54.

[0085] See also Figure 8-Figure 9 After the drive system 50 is assembled, there is a gap 55 between the circumferential outer wall of the washer 51 and the magnetic part 52 and the inner wall of the groove; the voice coil 12 is at least partially located in the gap 55. When the audio signal (i.e., the changing current) passes through the voice coil 12, according to the principle of electromagnetic induction, the voice coil 12 will generate a changing magnetic field. This changing magnetic field interacts with the constant magnetic field of the magnetic part 52, causing the voice coil 12 to be subjected to a changing force. The magnitude and direction of this force change with the change of the current in the audio signal. Since the voice coil 12 is subjected to a changing force, it will begin to vibrate under the action of this force. Specifically, when the current in the audio signal increases, the force on the voice coil 12 also increases, causing it to move in the direction close to the magnetic part 52; conversely, when the current decreases, the force on the voice coil 12 also decreases, and it moves in the direction away from the magnetic part 52. Since the voice coil 12 is connected to the sound membrane 11. When the voice coil 12 vibrates, it drives the sound membrane 11 to vibrate, thereby forming sound.

[0086] See also Fig.10The solid line is the frequency response curve of the speaker without the phase reversal channel 545 (i.e. before improvement); the dotted line is the frequency response curve of the speaker with the phase reversal slot 542 provided on the phase reversal plug 54 and the phase reversal channel 545 (i.e. after improvement). It can be seen from the figure that in the low frequency band, especially in the range of 20 Hz-120 Hz, the solid line is lower than the dotted line. Fig.10 Taking the low-frequency cutoff frequency that can be measured at 70 decibels (dB) as an example, the low-frequency cutoff frequency that can be measured at 70 decibels before the improvement is about 50HZ, and the low-frequency cutoff frequency that can be measured at 70 decibels after the improvement is about 41HZ. It can be seen that the embodiment of the present application can effectively reduce the low-frequency cutoff frequency of the speaker by setting the inverted groove 542 on the inverted plug 54, thereby achieving a better playback effect of the speaker.

[0087] By adjusting the length, cross-sectional shape, cross-sectional area and number of the inverted slots 542 , the resonance frequency of the inverted channel 545 can be adjusted, thereby achieving the effect of enhancing the low frequency.

[0088] Calculation of resonance frequency: fp = v / 2π × √(S / VL) (√: under the square root);

[0089] fp: resonant frequency of the air output from the phase reversal channel 545 (Hz);

[0090] v: speed of sound, 340 m / s;

[0091] S: inner cross-sectional area of ​​the phase inversion channel 545 (square meters);

[0092] V: effective volume of the loudspeaker accommodating chamber 21 (the inverted channel 545 is regarded as a solid body when calculating the occupancy) (cubic meters);

[0093] L: length of the inverted channel 545 (meters).

[0094] The embodiment of the present application does not limit the shape, size, and length of the inverted slot 542, which can be specifically determined by calculation based on actual conditions.

[0095] As other optional embodiments of the present application, see Fig.11 The sound inlet 543 of the phase reversal channel 545 is located on a side surface of the positioning column 541 close to the vibration system 10, and the sound outlet 544 is located on a side surface of the bottom plate 546 away from the vibration system 10. In order to increase the length of the phase reversal channel 545, see Fig.12 , the position of the sound inlet 543 remains unchanged, and the sound outlet 544 can be located at the circumferential side wall of the bottom plate 546. Thus, the phase reversing channel 545 is L-shaped. The L-shaped phase reversing channel 545 makes it difficult for dust and other foreign objects to enter the accommodating cavity 21, thereby further reducing the noise caused by foreign objects. It should be noted that the phase reversing channel 545 is not limited to Fig.11 and Fig.12 The four are not limited to circular channels, and the number, shape, and cross-sectional area of ​​the inverted channels 545 can be changed according to actual conditions.

[0096] In this embodiment, the positioning post 541 is cylindrical, and its diameter is the same as the diameters of the first through hole 511, the second through hole 521, and the third through hole 531. At this time, the contact area between the washer 51, the magnetic member 52, the U cup 53 and the positioning post 541 is larger, so the connection is more secure, and the glue will not overflow into the inverted channel 545.

[0097] It is worth noting that the height of the positioning column 541 is greater than or equal to the sum of the heights of the first through hole 511, the second through hole 521 and the third through hole 531, so that the U cup 53, the magnetic part 52 and the washer 51 can be positioned. In addition, when the vibration system 10 is at the maximum amplitude, there is a gap between the surface of the positioning column 541 on one side close to the vibration system 10 and the sound membrane 11. In this way, the sound membrane 11 can be supported without affecting the normal operation of the sound membrane 11, so as to prevent the sound membrane 11 from being damaged due to pressure. In addition, a higher positioning column 541 can also make the inverted channel 545 longer. The longer the length of the inverted channel 545, the lower the low-frequency cutoff frequency. This is because the inverted channel 545 plays a "delay" role in acoustics, so that the sound waves transmitted from the inverted channel 545 and the sound waves directly radiated by the speaker are better matched in phase, thereby generating a stronger sound pressure level in the low frequency band. The longer phase reversal channel 545 means a greater delay, so it can match lower frequency sound waves, thereby lowering the low-frequency cutoff frequency.

[0098] As some optional implementation modes of the present application, Figure 13-14 , the bracket 20 includes a first enclosure 23, an annular connecting plate 22 and a second enclosure 24, and the first enclosure 23 and the second enclosure 24 are both annular and cylindrical. The first enclosure 23 and the second enclosure 24 are coaxially arranged, and the annular connecting plate 22 is located between the first enclosure 23 and the second enclosure 24. The first enclosure 23, the annular connecting plate 22 and the second enclosure 24 together enclose a receiving cavity 21 with openings on both sides. The receiving cavity 21 includes a first cavity and a second cavity that are connected, and the first cavity and the second cavity are both cylindrical cavities, and the diameter of the first cavity is greater than the diameter of the second cavity; wherein the first cavity is enclosed by the first enclosure 23 and the annular connecting plate 22, and the second cavity is enclosed by the second enclosure 24. In other words, the cross-section of the receiving cavity 21 along the central axis of the bracket 20 is a convex shape. The sound membrane 11 of the vibration system 10 is installed in the first cavity, and the drive system 50 is installed in the second cavity. The central axis of the bracket 20 is Fig.13 As shown in the dotted line in FIG, the central axis of the bracket 20 coincides with the Z axis, and along the positive direction of the Z axis, the first cavity is located above the second cavity.

[0099] Since the diaphragm 11 of the vibration system 10 is installed in the first cavity, the size of the diaphragm 11 can be made larger, so the sound quality is relatively better, especially in the low-frequency band. This is because the large-sized diaphragm 11 can push the air more effectively, thereby producing a stronger low-frequency effect. At the same time, the large-sized diaphragm 11 is also easier to achieve a wider frequency response range, allowing the speaker to more accurately restore the various frequency components in the audio signal, reduce distortion, and improve sound quality.

[0100] In order to prevent the sound membrane 11 from being deformed by pressure, a protective cover (not shown in the figure) may be provided on the housing. Fig.13 As shown, the top of the bracket 20 has a top connecting surface A1, and the edge of the protective cover can be connected to the top connecting surface A1 by glue.

[0101] The bracket 20 has an annular connecting plate 22 at the interface between the first cavity and the second cavity. The annular connecting plate 22 is provided with one or more tuning holes 221. The one or more tuning holes 221 are covered with tuning paper 30. Fig.13 , Fig.14 One side of the annular connecting plate 22 is located in the first cavity, and the other side is located outside the accommodating cavity 21. The tuning paper 30 is bonded to one side of the annular connecting plate 22 located outside the accommodating cavity 21, that is, the tuning paper 30 is bonded to the side surface of the annular connecting plate 22 away from the sound membrane 11.

[0102] The main function of the tuning hole 221 is to adjust the sound characteristics of the speaker. When the speaker is working, the air inside it will produce pressure changes as the sound membrane 11 vibrates. If these pressure changes cannot be properly released or adjusted, it may cause sound distortion or insufficient low-frequency response. The design of the tuning hole 221 is to provide a channel for air circulation so that the air pressure inside the speaker can be balanced with the outside world, thereby improving the quality of the sound.

[0103] See also Figure 2 The tuning paper 30 is also provided with exhaust holes 31. By punching holes in the tuning paper, the resonance frequency and resonance mode of the speaker can be changed, thereby adjusting the pitch and timbre of the sound. In addition, the air pressure balance can be maintained. When the speaker sound film 11 vibrates, the air pressure inside the accommodating cavity 21 will fluctuate accordingly. The existence of the exhaust holes 31 allows the air pressure inside and outside the accommodating cavity 21 to be balanced, thereby ensuring that the sound film 11 can vibrate freely and flexibly. When the sound film 11 is outward ( Figure 4 When the sound film 11 vibrates inward (in the positive direction of the middle Z axis), negative pressure is formed inside the accommodating cavity 21, and the exhaust hole 31 allows external air to enter; when the sound film 11 moves inward (in the positive direction of the middle Z axis), negative pressure is formed inside the accommodating cavity 21, and the exhaust hole 31 allows external air to enter; Figure 4 When the accommodating chamber 21 vibrates in the negative direction of the center Z axis, a positive pressure is formed inside the accommodating chamber 21, and the exhaust hole 31 exhausts air.

[0104] The tuning paper 30 plays a role in further adjusting the sound on the tuning hole 221. The tuning paper 30 has certain air permeability and damping properties. When the sound passes through the tuning hole 221, the tuning paper 30 will filter and attenuate the sound to a certain extent, so that the high-frequency components are properly suppressed and the low-frequency components are enhanced. In this way, the sound of the speaker can be made more balanced and natural, avoiding an overly sharp or dull listening experience. The tuning paper 30 can also protect the tuning hole 221 from being blocked by dust and debris. Since the tuning hole 221 is a channel connecting the inside of the speaker to the outside world, it is easily affected by dust and debris. The presence of the tuning paper 30 can effectively prevent these impurities from entering the inside of the speaker, thereby protecting the normal operation of the speaker.

[0105] By changing the material, thickness and shape of the tuning paper 30, the propagation characteristics of the sound waves passing through the through hole can be adjusted, thereby affecting the sound quality of the speaker. For example, a thicker tuning paper 30 may make the sound softer, while a thinner tuning paper 30 may make the sound clearer.

[0106] Optionally, the embodiment of the present application further includes a PCB board 40, which is bonded to one side of the annular connecting plate 22 located outside the accommodating cavity 21, and the PCB board 40 and the tuning paper 30 together form a ring. A positioning boss 222 is provided on one side of the annular connecting plate 22 located outside the accommodating cavity 21, and the positioning boss 222 forms a fan-shaped groove body, which is a first mounting position 25 for bonding the PCB board 40; the portion other than the first mounting position 25 and the positioning boss 222 is a second mounting position 26 for bonding the tuning paper 30. The tuning hole is provided at the annular connecting plate 22 corresponding to the second mounting position 26.

[0107] A wire groove 231 is also provided on the circumferential side wall of the bracket 20 located at the first cavity. The wire groove 231 corresponds to the position of the first mounting position 25. After the PCB board 40 is installed in the first mounting position 25, the leads at both ends of the voice coil 12 are electrically connected to the PCB board 40. By limiting the wires between the PCB board 40 and the voice coil 12 in the wire groove 231, it helps to reduce the disorder of the wires inside the speaker and improve the overall aesthetics and reliability; the wire groove 231 can also provide certain protection for the wires to prevent the wires from being damaged during vibration or impact.

[0108] The bracket 20 may be an integrally formed structure, such as an integrally formed structure prepared by an injection molding process.

[0109] As some optional implementation modes of the present application, Figure 15-16, the outer diameter of the U cup 53 is equal to the inner diameter of the second cavity; a first limiting step 27 is provided on the circumferential inner wall of the second cavity, and the first limiting step 27 is used to limit the installation depth of the U cup 53. Specifically, the first limiting step 27 is located in the second cavity of the accommodating cavity 21 and is flush with the annular connecting plate 22. The circumferential outer wall of the U cup 53 and the circumferential inner wall of the second cavity of the accommodating cavity 21 are bonded by glue. After the U cup 53 is fixed in the bracket 20, the side surface of the bottom of the groove of the U cup 53 away from the vibration system 10 is connected to the bottom connection surface A2 of the bracket 20 (see Fig.14 ) flush.

[0110] The side surface of the bottom plate 546 of the phase inversion plug 54 close to the vibration system 10 is bonded to the side surface of the bottom of the groove of the U cup 53 away from the vibration system 10 by glue. After the phase inversion plug 54 is bonded to the U cup 53, the side surface of the bottom plate 546 of the phase inversion plug 54 close to the vibration system 10 is flush with the bottom connection surface A2 of the bracket 20. By providing the first limiting step 27, the difficulty of installation can be greatly reduced.

[0111] Or, as other optional implementations of the present application, such as Figure 17-Figure 18 In addition to the first limiting step 27, the circumferential inner wall of the bracket 20 is also provided with a second limiting step 28. Specifically, the first limiting step 27 is located in the second cavity of the accommodating cavity 21 and is flush with the annular connecting plate 22. The second limiting step 28 is also located in the second cavity of the accommodating cavity 21 and is flush with the bottom connecting surface A2 of the bracket 20. Thus, the U cup 53 is completely limited in the second cavity of the accommodating cavity 21. This requires the fixation of the U cup 53 and the bracket 20 through an injection molding process, specifically, the U cup 53 is located in an injection mold, and then the bracket 20 is injection molded through an injection molding process. This process makes the connection between the U cup 53 and the bracket 20 more firm and reliable.

[0112] As other optional embodiments of the present application, see Fig.19 , which is different from the phase inversion plug 54 in the previous embodiment, Fig.19 The bass reflex plug 54 shown is in the shape of a plate, the sound inlet hole 543 is located on a side surface of the bass reflex plug 54 close to the vibration system 10 , and the sound outlet hole 544 is located on the circumferential side wall of the bass reflex plug 54 .

[0113] If the phase inversion channel 545 is directly set between the side surface of the plate-shaped phase inversion plug 54 close to the vibration system 10 and the side surface away from the vibration system 10, the length of the phase inversion channel 545 will be too short, and thus the phase inversion effect cannot be achieved. Therefore, in this embodiment, the phase inversion channel 545 is set between the side surface close to the vibration system 10 and the circumferential side wall of the phase inversion plug 54, so that the length of the phase inversion channel 545 is increased. In order to increase the cross-sectional area of ​​the phase inversion channel 545, the thickness of the phase inversion plug 54 can be increased. However, the flat-plate-shaped phase inversion plug 54 cannot achieve the positioning of the washer 51, the magnetic part 52 and the U cup 53, so it needs to be assembled with the help of a magnetic circuit assembly jig.

[0114] In addition, an embodiment of the present application further discloses an electronic device, which includes a housing and the speaker described in any of the above embodiments, and the speaker is located in the housing.

[0115] It should be noted that the electronic devices of the embodiments of the present application may include but are not limited to speakers, mobile phones, tablet computers, laptop computers, ultra-mobile personal computers (UMPCs), handheld computers, touch-screen televisions, walkie-talkies, netbooks, POS machines, personal digital assistants (PDAs), wearable devices (such as headphones, Bluetooth glasses or virtual reality devices), and other mobile terminals or fixed terminals with acoustic transducers (such as the speaker 300).

[0116] The earphones may be Bluetooth earphones, sports earphones, ear-hanging Bluetooth earphones, open Bluetooth earphones, bone conduction earphones, etc. The speakers may be Bluetooth speakers, computer speakers, desktop speakers, karaoke speakers, wireless speakers, portable speakers, outdoor speakers, waterproof speakers, car speakers, etc.

[0117] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and they should all be included in the scope of the claims and specification of the present application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the various embodiments can be combined in any way. The present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions that fall within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A loudspeaker, characterized in that: include: A bracket having a receiving cavity with openings on both sides; A vibration system, connected to the bracket and covering an opening on one side of the accommodating cavity; A driving system connected to the bracket and covering the other opening of the accommodating cavity; the driving system is used to drive the vibration system to vibrate to generate sound waves; The driving system comprises a phase inverting plug, and the phase inverting plug is provided with at least one phase inverting channel, one end of the phase inverting channel is a sound inlet hole located in the accommodating cavity, and the other end is a sound outlet hole located outside the accommodating cavity.

2. The loudspeaker according to claim 1, characterized in that The drive system further comprises: The washer is annular and has a first through hole in the middle; The magnetic member is annular and has a second through hole in the middle, and a side surface of the magnetic member close to the vibration system is connected to a side surface of the washer away from the vibration system; A U cup having a groove opening toward the accommodating cavity, wherein the bottom of the groove has a third through hole; a side surface of the bottom of the groove close to the vibration system is connected to a side surface of the magnetic member away from the vibration system, and a circumferential outer side wall of the U cup is connected to a circumferential inner side wall of the accommodating cavity; The inverted plug includes a base plate and a positioning column arranged on a side surface of the base plate close to the vibration system, the circumferential side wall of the positioning column abuts against the hole walls of the third through hole, the second through hole and the first through hole; the side surface of the base plate close to the vibration system is connected to the side surface of the bottom of the groove away from the vibration system.

3. The loudspeaker according to claim 2, characterized in that The circumferential side wall of the positioning column and the surface of one side of the bottom plate close to the vibration system are provided with an inverted groove; The hole wall of the first through hole, the hole wall of the second through hole, the hole wall of the third through hole and a side surface of the bottom of the groove away from the vibration system enclose the phase inversion groove to form the phase inversion channel.

4. The loudspeaker according to claim 2, characterized in that The sound inlet hole is located on a side surface of the positioning column close to the vibration system, the sound outlet hole is located on a side surface of the bottom plate away from the vibration system, or the sound outlet hole is located on a circumferential side wall of the bottom plate.

5. The loudspeaker according to claim 2, characterized in that The vibration system includes a sound membrane and a voice coil, and the voice coil is connected to the sound membrane; The accommodating cavity comprises a first cavity and a second cavity which are connected to each other, and the diameter of the first cavity is larger than the diameter of the second cavity; The sound membrane is fixed in the first cavity, and the voice coil is located in the accommodating cavity.

6. The loudspeaker according to claim 5, characterized in that A gap is formed between the circumferential outer side walls of the washer and the magnetic member and the inner side wall of the groove; The voice coil is at least partially located in the gap.

7. The loudspeaker according to claim 5, characterized in that The height of the positioning column is greater than or equal to the sum of the heights of the first through hole, the second through hole, and the third through hole, and when the vibration system is at maximum amplitude, there is a gap between the side surface of the positioning column close to the vibration system and the sound membrane.

8. The loudspeaker according to claim 5, characterized in that The outer diameter of the U cup is equal to the inner diameter of the second cavity; a first limiting step is provided on the circumferential inner side wall of the second cavity, and the first limiting step is used to limit the installation depth of the U cup.

9. The loudspeaker according to claim 8, characterized in that A second limiting step is also provided on the circumferential inner side wall of the second cavity, and the second limiting step is used to limit the bottom of the groove of the U cup on one side of the surface away from the vibration system.

10. The loudspeaker according to claim 5, characterized in that Also included is tuning paper; The bracket has an annular connecting plate at the interface between the first cavity and the second cavity, and one or more tuning holes are arranged on the annular connecting plate; The tuning paper covers the one or more tuning holes.

11. The loudspeaker according to claim 10, characterized in that It also includes a PCB board, which is connected to the annular connecting plate; and the PCB board and the tuning paper together form a ring shape.

12. The loudspeaker according to claim 1, wherein: The inverted phase plug is plate-shaped, the sound inlet hole is located on a side surface of the inverted phase plug close to the vibration system, and the sound outlet hole is located on a circumferential side wall of the inverted phase plug.

13. The loudspeaker according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that: It also includes a protective cover, which is connected to the bracket, and the vibration system is located in the accommodating cavity enclosed by the protective cover and the bracket.

14. An electronic device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a shell and a speaker as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the speaker is located in the shell.

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