Computer-aided planning method for surgical operation

Abstract

The invention discloses a computer-aided planning method for surgical operations, which relates to the technical field of preoperative planning of surgical operations, and comprises the following steps: collecting medical image data of a patient and aided planning data of basic information related to the operations by using a data collection module, and establishing a comprehensive assessment analysis and planning module; the method comprises the following steps: identifying and segmenting two parts of an operation region and an overlapping part between the two parts, planning the area of the operation part, planning the length of an operation incision, planning the time required by the operation and the risk probability generated by the operation duration, and evaluating the time required by the operation. According to the method and the system, the operation part area and the length of an operation incision are adjusted according to the evaluation result, the state of a doctor and operation progress control are achieved, the operation planning result is displayed to the doctor in a graphical mode through the auxiliary output module, the accuracy and precision of operation planning are improved, and more comprehensive and reliable operation planning support is provided for the doctor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of surgical preoperative planning, and in particular to a computer-aided planning method for surgical operations. Background Art

[0002] Computer graphics and imaging technology is the core foundation of computer-assisted planning of surgical operations. By processing radiological imaging data, it can reconstruct two-dimensional and three-dimensional medical image models. These models not only provide detailed structural information of the surgical area, but also allow doctors to plan and simulate operations in a virtual environment. With the continuous improvement of computer graphics processing capabilities, the resolution, clarity and authenticity of medical images are also constantly improving, providing a more accurate and reliable basis for surgical planning.

[0003] Traditional computer-aided planning methods usually only consider the static area in the imaging data, ignoring the area changes caused by blurred boundaries and tissue deformation during the operation, and not fully considering the deviation and expansion caused by the incision, resulting in the actual incision length not being consistent with the plan, affecting the surgical effect. In addition, the operation time and risk are estimated only through simple calculations, without considering the impact of long operation time on doctor fatigue, and the potential impact of fatigue on surgical accuracy and efficiency. During the operation, once encountering unexpected situations and changes in surgical conditions, traditional methods are often unable to adjust the surgical plan in time, resulting in increased surgical risks. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a method for computer-aided planning of surgical operations, which solves the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution, and the specific auxiliary planning steps are as follows:

[0006] Step S1, using a data collection module to collect the patient's medical imaging data and auxiliary planning data of basic information related to the surgery;

[0007] Step S2-1, based on the medical imaging data and the auxiliary planning data, and using the comprehensive evaluation analysis and planning module, identify and segment the two parts of the surgical area and the overlapping part between the two parts, and plan the surgical area;

[0008] Step S2-2, planning the length of the surgical incision based on the area of ​​the surgical part, the extension of the surgical incision, and the deviation of the incision;

[0009] Step S2-3, based on the area of ​​the surgical part and the length of the surgical incision, and in combination with other factors affecting the surgery, planning the time required for the surgery and the risk probability caused by the length of the surgery;

[0010] Step S2-4, evaluating the time required for the operation, and adjusting the surgical area and the length of the surgical incision, as well as the doctor's status and the progress of the operation according to the evaluation results;

[0011] Step S3, using the auxiliary output module to display the surgical planning results to the doctor in a graphical manner;

[0012] in;

[0013] The comprehensive evaluation analysis and planning module includes a unit for evaluating the actual surgical area, a unit for simulating the change of incision length and optimizing incision design, and a unit for comprehensively evaluating the surgical time and surgical risks and complications;

[0014] The data collection module includes an image scanning unit and a patient information input unit, and the auxiliary output module includes a graphic rendering unit and a user interface unit;

[0015] The image scanning unit records and stores the medical image data of the patient, and the patient information input unit inputs and stores the surgical patient information;

[0016] The graphic rendering unit draws a display graphic of the surgical planning result, and displays it using the user interface unit;

[0017] The equipment used in the data collection module includes medical imaging scanning equipment;

[0018] The equipment used in the comprehensive assessment analysis and planning module includes high-performance computers and image processing software;

[0019] The devices used by the auxiliary output module include a display and a printer.

[0020] Optionally, the calculation formula for evaluating the actual surgical area unit is as follows:

[0021] X = (A + BC) × a;

[0022] in:

[0023] X is the total area of ​​the surgical field;

[0024] A is the area of ​​the first region;

[0025] B is the area of ​​the second region;

[0026] C is the overlapping area, which reflects the area of ​​intersection and overlap between the first area A and the second area B;

[0027] The first area A and the second area B are divided separately due to the anatomical structure, lesion range and surgical strategy, and reflect the actual situation of the surgical area;

[0028] a is the area adjustment factor, which reflects the area change caused by factors such as blurred boundaries and tissue deformation;

[0029] If a>1, an area change occurs, thereby increasing the total surgical area X;

[0030] If a=1, no area change or adjustment occurs.

[0031] Optionally, the calculation formula for simulating the change in incision length and optimizing the incision design unit is as follows:

[0032] Q = X × (1 + C / X × K) × P;

[0033] P = (1 + b) × K^;

[0034] in:

[0035] Q is the length of the surgical incision;

[0036] K is the original expansion coefficient, and K reflects the average expansion degree of the incision;

[0037] P is the cut deviation adjustment factor;

[0038] b is the cut deviation factor;

[0039] If b>1, it means that the actual incision length is longer than planned, and the surgical incision length Q is increased;

[0040] If b = 1, it means that the actual incision length is the same as the planned length;

[0041] K^ is the incision expansion coefficient, which reflects the expansion degree of the incision in a certain direction when the incision is subjected to greater tension in that direction.

[0042] Optionally, the calculation formula of the original expansion coefficient K is as follows:

[0043] K=K old ×Age×XB×H×BW;

[0044] K old is the base expansion factor;

[0045] Age is age;

[0046] XB is the gender effect coefficient;

[0047] H is the health factor;

[0048] BW is the surgical site expansion factor;

[0049] The calculation formula of the notch expansion coefficient K^ is as follows:

[0050]

[0051] n is the total number, which represents the total number of expansion adjustment factors in different directions considered when evaluating incision expansion;

[0052] F i is the expansion adjustment factor for the i-th cut direction.

[0053] Optionally, the calculation formula for the comprehensive evaluation of the operation time and the operation risk and complication evaluation unit is as follows:

[0054] T = (X × Q × F) / XL;

[0055] in:

[0056] T is the operation time;

[0057] F is the surgical complexity coefficient;

[0058] XL is the efficiency coefficient of the surgical team;

[0059] The length of the operation time T affects the surgical risk and the incidence of complications. The specific calculation formula is as follows:

[0060] BF=(T / T old )×JF;

[0061] BF is the surgical risk and complication rate;

[0062] T old is the time of the last operation, T old Reflects the time of the last operation of the same type performed by the same doctor;

[0063] JF is the basic risk factor, which is determined according to the type of surgery and the patient's condition.

[0064] Optionally, the surgical analysis based on the surgical time T is adjusted as follows:

[0065] If the operation time T is higher than the previous operation time T old , it indicates that in the current surgery, the doctor's fatigue increases, the surgical risk and complication rate BF are high, when the area adjustment factor a and the incision deviation factor b are increased;

[0066] If the operation time T is lower than the previous operation time T old , it means that the doctor is relatively relaxed in the current operation, and the surgical risk and complication rate BF are low. All parameters should be maintained and fine-tuned according to the progress of the operation and the doctor's status;

[0067] If the operation time T is equal to the previous operation time T old, it indicates that the doctor’s current fatigue state is similar to that of the last operation, and the surgical risk and complication rate BF are low. We should pay close attention to the progress of the operation and the doctor’s status.

[0068] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0069] 1. The present invention can take into account the area change caused by blurred boundaries and tissue deformation during surgery by introducing an area adjustment factor a. This factor can be adjusted according to the patient's specific conditions and real-time data during surgery, making the assessment of the surgical area more accurate. In addition, multimodal image fusion combined with medical imaging technology can more comprehensively capture the morphological and structural information of the surgical area, thereby improving the accuracy of area assessment.

[0070] 2. The present invention combines the two factors of incision deviation factor b and incision expansion coefficient K^ to simulate the deviation and expansion phenomenon caused by the incision, so as to calculate the incision length more accurately, which helps to reduce errors and uncertainties in the surgical process and improve the surgical effect. In addition, by training doctors in incision planning through virtual simulation technology, the doctors' operating skills and accuracy can be improved, thereby further reducing the occurrence of incision deviation and expansion phenomenon.

[0071] Third, the present invention introduces the surgical team efficiency coefficient XL in the calculation of the comprehensive evaluation of the surgical time and the surgical risk and complication evaluation unit, which can take into account the influence of various factors in the surgical process on the surgical time, which helps to estimate the surgical time more accurately and arrange the surgical plan reasonably. In addition, combined with the previous surgical time T old The surgical risk and complication assessment formula constructed based on the basic risk coefficient JF can comprehensively evaluate various risk factors and the probability of occurrence of potential complications during the operation, which helps doctors formulate more comprehensive and effective risk response strategies before surgery.

[0072] 4. The present invention adaptively adjusts key parameters in surgical planning, including area adjustment factor a and incision deviation factor b, based on real-time monitoring data and evaluation results, to ensure the smooth progress of the surgical process and maximize the surgical effect. This helps doctors to more accurately judge the condition and formulate surgical strategies during the operation, thereby reducing surgical risks and improving the success rate of the operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0073] Figure 1 A flowchart of the method for computer-assisted planning of surgical operations;

[0074] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the data collection module of the present invention;

[0075] Figure 3It is a structural schematic diagram of the comprehensive evaluation analysis and planning module of the present invention;

[0076] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the auxiliary output module of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0077] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0078] Regarding the computer-assisted planning method for surgical operations, it is different from traditional computer-assisted planning methods. Traditional computer-assisted planning methods mainly rely on the processing and analysis of medical imaging data, and plan surgical paths and incision positions through image segmentation, three-dimensional reconstruction and other technologies. However, these methods often ignore the various complex situations that may occur during the operation when evaluating the area of ​​the surgical area, the length of the incision, and the operation time and risks. This algorithm unit solves the problems and deficiencies in the existing technology by considering the blurred boundaries of the surgical area, tissue deformation, incision deviation and expansion, and introduces new parameters and evaluation formulas, thereby improving the accuracy and precision of surgical planning and providing doctors with more comprehensive and reliable surgical planning support.

[0079] For example, see Figures 1 to 4 This embodiment provides a computer-assisted planning method for surgical operations, and the specific auxiliary planning steps are as follows:

[0080] Step S1, using a data collection module to collect the patient's medical imaging data and auxiliary planning data of basic information related to the surgery;

[0081] Step S2-1, based on the medical imaging data and the auxiliary planning data, and using the comprehensive evaluation analysis and planning module, identify and segment the two parts of the surgical area and the overlapping part between the two parts, and plan the surgical area;

[0082] Step S2-2, planning the length of the surgical incision based on the area of ​​the surgical part, the extension of the surgical incision, and the deviation of the incision;

[0083] Step S2-3, based on the area of ​​the surgical part and the length of the surgical incision, and in combination with other factors affecting the surgery, planning the time required for the surgery and the risk probability caused by the length of the surgery;

[0084] Step S2-4, evaluating the time required for the operation, and adjusting the surgical area and the length of the surgical incision, as well as the doctor's status and the progress of the operation according to the evaluation results;

[0085] Step S3, using the auxiliary output module to display the surgical planning results to the doctor in a graphical manner;

[0086] in;

[0087] The comprehensive evaluation, analysis and planning module includes a unit for evaluating the actual surgical area, a unit for simulating the change in incision length and optimizing incision design, and a unit for comprehensively evaluating the surgical time, surgical risks and complications.

[0088] The data collection module includes an image scanning unit and a patient information input unit, and the auxiliary output module includes a graphic rendering unit and a user interface unit;

[0089] The image scanning unit records and stores the patient's medical image data, and the patient information entry unit enters and stores the surgical patient information;

[0090] The graphics rendering unit draws a display graphic of the surgical planning result and displays it using the user interface unit;

[0091] The equipment used in the data collection module includes medical imaging scanning equipment;

[0092] The equipment used in the comprehensive assessment analysis and planning module includes high-performance computers and image processing software;

[0093] Devices used by auxiliary output modules include displays and printers.

[0094] In this embodiment, the above-mentioned steps S1 to S3, as well as the equipment used in the data collection module, the comprehensive evaluation analysis and planning module and the auxiliary output module together constitute a complete surgical computer-aided planning system. The system provides doctors with accurate and comprehensive surgical planning support by integrating medical image processing, data analysis, risk assessment and visualization technology, which helps to improve the safety and success rate of surgery.

[0095] In this embodiment, the system has a significant beneficial effect in computer-aided planning of surgical operations through the mutual cooperation of three algorithm units and the combination of the three operation results of X, Q and T. It can improve the accuracy of surgical area assessment, realize the accurate calculation of incision length, and comprehensively assess the operation time and risk, and provide doctors with more comprehensive, accurate and reliable surgical planning support. X is the total area of ​​the surgical area, which is intended to more accurately assess the actual surgical area area that changes due to blurred boundaries and tissue deformation factors during the operation. This helps doctors have a clear understanding of the surgical scope before the operation and reduce the uncertainty during the operation. Q is the length of the surgical incision, which is intended to simulate the incision. The length changes in actual situations, which helps doctors have a more accurate expectation of the incision length before surgery and reduce errors in actual surgery. T is the operation time, which helps doctors have a rough estimate of the operation time before surgery, so as to reasonably arrange the operation plan and resources, and evaluate the risks and incidence of complications during the operation. This helps doctors have a full understanding of the surgical risks before surgery and take corresponding preventive measures. The calculation result of T can also affect the feedback to the calculation of X and Q, so that the three algorithms of this system have a high correlation and entanglement, so that the overall algorithm system can perform automatic feedback and optimization according to the actual situation to be closer to reality.

[0096] See also Figures 1 to 4 , the calculation formula for evaluating the actual surgical area unit is as follows:

[0097] X = (A + BC) × a;

[0098] in:

[0099] X is the total area of ​​the surgical field;

[0100] A is the area of ​​the first region;

[0101] B is the area of ​​the second region;

[0102] C is the overlapping area, which reflects the area of ​​intersection and overlap between the first area A and the second area B;

[0103] The first area A and the second area B are divided separately due to the anatomical structure, lesion range and surgical strategy, and reflect the actual situation of the surgical area;

[0104] a is the area adjustment factor, which reflects the area change caused by factors such as blurred boundaries and tissue deformation;

[0105] If a>1, an area change occurs, thereby increasing the total surgical area X;

[0106] If a=1, no area change or adjustment occurs.

[0107] In this embodiment: During the operation, the algorithm unit will change the shape and boundaries of the tissue due to the influence of cutting and pulling operations. By introducing the area adjustment factor a, the unit for evaluating the actual surgical area can adjust the evaluation result of the surgical area in real time according to these changes. This real-time feedback mechanism enables the doctor to obtain the most accurate area information at any time during the operation, so as to make more precise judgments.

[0108] In this embodiment, the traditional surgical area area assessment often relies on the doctor's experience and subjective judgment, and is easily affected by multiple factors. The actual surgical area area assessment unit reduces the interference of human factors by introducing a mathematical model, making the assessment result more objective and accurate. In addition, the actual surgical area area assessment unit comprehensively considers various factors in the surgical process and uses an accurate mathematical method to calculate the surgical area. This calculation method can reduce the area assessment error caused by ignoring certain factors and improve the accuracy of the assessment. The accurate surgical area area assessment obtained thereby helps doctors to more accurately judge the surgical scope and the amount of tissue to be removed, thereby reducing the possibility of miscutting or missing cuts and improving the safety of the surgery.

[0109] It is worth noting that the area adjustment factor a can also be flexibly adjusted according to the patient's specific conditions, including age, gender, pathological type and surgical type, to meet the personalized needs of different patients. This flexibility makes the surgical planning more in line with the patient's actual situation and improves the surgical effect. Personalized evaluation not only helps to improve the surgical effect, but also better meet the patient's personalized needs. For example, in some cases, patients may want to retain more normal tissue to reduce surgical trauma. Through personalized evaluation, doctors can try to meet the needs of patients while meeting the surgical requirements.

[0110] See also Figures 1 to 4 , the calculation formula for simulating the change of incision length and optimizing the incision design unit is as follows:

[0111] Q = X × (1 + C / X × K) × P;

[0112] P = (1 + b) × K^;

[0113] in:

[0114] Q is the length of the surgical incision;

[0115] K is the original expansion coefficient, and K reflects the average expansion degree of the incision;

[0116] P is the cut deviation adjustment factor;

[0117] b is the cut deviation factor;

[0118] If b>1, it means that the actual incision length is longer than planned, and the surgical incision length Q is increased;

[0119] If b = 1, it means that the actual incision length is the same as the planned length;

[0120] K^ is the incision expansion coefficient, which reflects the expansion degree of the incision in a certain direction when the incision is subjected to greater tension in that direction.

[0121] In this embodiment, first, P is the cut deviation adjustment factor, wherein (1+b) takes into account the deviation caused by the cut, and K^ takes into account the expansion of the cut in different directions. The two are multiplied to obtain a comprehensive cut deviation adjustment factor P;

[0122] This algorithm unit introduces the incision deviation adjustment factor P and the incision expansion coefficient K^, so that the incision length change simulation and incision design optimization unit can more accurately simulate the deviation and expansion phenomenon that will occur during the incision. This simulation enables doctors to predict the changes in incision length and position before surgery, so as to formulate a more accurate surgical plan. Accurate incision length calculation reduces the uncertainty factors during the operation, allowing doctors to perform the operation more confidently.

[0123] In addition, accurate incision length calculation helps doctors to more accurately control the incision size and depth during surgery, thereby reducing unnecessary tissue damage and bleeding, which helps to relieve patients' pain and promote postoperative recovery. In some cases, such as cosmetic surgery, accurate incision length calculation can also help improve the aesthetics of the surgical site.

[0124] Based on the precise calculation of incision length, doctors can choose more appropriate surgical instruments for surgery, which helps reduce the difficulty of surgery and improve the success rate of surgery. Optimizing the surgical plan can reduce the risk factors during the operation, including reducing bleeding and reducing the infection rate.

[0125] See also Figures 1 to 4 The calculation formula for comprehensive evaluation of operation time, surgical risk and complication evaluation unit is as follows:

[0126] T = (X × Q × F) / XL;

[0127] in:

[0128] T is the operation time;

[0129] F is the surgical complexity coefficient;

[0130] XL is the efficiency coefficient of the surgical team;

[0131] The length of the operation time T affects the surgical risk and the incidence of complications. The specific calculation formula is as follows:

[0132] BF=(T / T old )×JF;

[0133] BF is the surgical risk and complication rate;

[0134] T old is the time of the last operation, T old Reflects the time of the last operation of the same type performed by the same doctor;

[0135] JF is the basic risk factor, which is determined according to the type of surgery and the patient's condition.

[0136] In this embodiment, the algorithm unit first introduces the last operation time T old The surgical risk and complication evaluation formula comprehensively evaluates the surgical time and the surgical risk and complication evaluation unit. The unit can fully consider the impact of surgical time on doctor fatigue. When the surgical time exceeds the previous surgical time T old When the doctor is tired, the system can automatically remind the doctor to adjust the rhythm of the operation and take other measures to relieve fatigue, thereby reducing the surgical risks caused by doctor fatigue.

[0137] It should be noted that this unit emphasizes that doctor fatigue is one of the risk factors that cannot be ignored during surgery. By comprehensively evaluating the operation time and doctor fatigue, the safety of patients can be more effectively guaranteed. The surgical risk and complication assessment formula can evaluate the risk status during surgery in real time and provide doctors with timely decision-making support, which helps doctors to find problems in time during surgery and take corresponding countermeasures, thereby avoiding or reducing the occurrence of complications. Real-time risk assessment helps doctors better understand various situations during surgery, so as to make more accurate judgments and decisions and improve the success rate of surgery.

[0138] Based on the results of the time and risk assessment of the operation, doctors can further optimize the operation process and reasonably arrange the operation steps and time nodes, which helps to improve the efficiency and quality of the operation and reduce unnecessary waste of medical resources. Optimizing the operation process can not only improve the effect and quality of the operation, but also shorten the operation time and hospitalization time, reduce the economic burden and psychological pressure of patients, and thus improve patient satisfaction.

[0139] Specifically, by quantifying the surgical risks and the incidence of complications in this algorithm unit, doctors can have a clearer understanding of potential risks before surgery, so that they can adopt more cautious and effective surgical strategies, which helps reduce unexpected situations during surgery and improve the overall safety of surgery;

[0140] The basic risk factor JF in the formula for surgical risk and complication rate is determined according to the type of surgery and the patient's condition, which means that each patient and each type of surgery has its own unique risk assessment criteria. This personalized assessment helps doctors develop more accurate and appropriate surgical plans for each patient, thereby improving the success rate of surgery and the quality of patient recovery.

[0141] The operation time T is one of the important factors in assessing surgical risk. old By making comparisons, doctors can assess their own fatigue status in real time and take measures such as rest and adjusting the rhythm of the operation when necessary to avoid decreased surgical accuracy and increased complications due to fatigue. This optimization of time management helps ensure efficient and safe operations.

[0142] The quantitative assessment results of surgical risks and complications can serve as an important basis for doctor-patient communication. Doctors can explain in detail the magnitude of surgical risks and possible complications to patients and their families, helping them better understand the surgical process and possible risks, thereby enhancing trust and cooperation between doctors and patients.

[0143] The evaluation results of surgical risks and complications can also serve as reference indicators for continuous improvement of medical quality. Hospitals and doctors can regularly review and analyze surgical risk data, identify potential problems and improvement points, and take corresponding measures to reduce the incidence of surgical risks and complications. This continuous improvement mechanism helps to improve the hospital's medical level and patient satisfaction.

[0144] In summary, the beneficial effects of the surgical risk and complication assessment formula are multifaceted. It not only helps to improve the safety and success rate of surgery, but also promotes personalized surgical planning, optimizes surgical time management, enhances doctor-patient communication, and promotes continuous improvement of medical quality.

[0145] See also Figures 1 to 4 , the surgical analysis based on the surgical time T was adjusted as follows:

[0146] If the operation time T is higher than the previous operation time T old , it indicates that in the current surgery, the doctor's fatigue increases, the surgical risk and complication rate BF are high, when the area adjustment factor a and the incision deviation factor b are increased;

[0147] If the operation time T is lower than the previous operation time T old , it means that the doctor is relatively relaxed in the current operation, and the surgical risk and complication rate BF are low. All parameters should be maintained and fine-tuned according to the progress of the operation and the doctor's status;

[0148] If the operation time T is equal to the previous operation time T old, it indicates that the doctor’s current fatigue state is similar to that of the last operation, and the surgical risk and complication rate BF are low. We should pay close attention to the progress of the operation and the doctor’s status.

[0149] In this embodiment, the algorithm unit considers the same type of surgery, which is often similar in complexity and requirements for doctors' skills. Therefore, the non-fatigue time of the last surgery of the same type is used as a reference, which can more accurately reflect the potential fatigue level of the doctor in the current surgery. Each doctor has different physical strength, endurance and surgical experience. Therefore, setting a threshold based on the non-fatigue time of the doctor's last surgery of the same type reflects respect for individual differences of doctors and helps to achieve more personalized surgical management and risk assessment.

[0150] In this embodiment, the algorithm unit monitors the operation time and the doctor's status in real time and compares it with the previous operation time T old By making comparisons, the surgical plan can be adjusted in real time during the operation, including adjusting the surgical area, the length of the incision, and considering replacing surgical team members to ensure the safety and effectiveness of the operation;

[0151] Reasonable fatigue management can reduce surgical errors and complications caused by doctor fatigue, thereby improving the overall efficiency and quality of surgery. At the same time, through the circular feedback mechanism, doctors can gradually optimize their surgical rhythm and strategy to adapt to different surgical types and patient needs;

[0152] Long-term overloaded work poses a serious threat to doctors' physical and mental health. Therefore, by setting a reasonable fatigue threshold and implementing a loop feedback mechanism, it can ensure that doctors get enough rest and recovery during surgery, thereby protecting their long-term work ability and quality of life.

[0153] Implementing fatigue management and a feedback loop mechanism within the surgical team can promote communication and collaboration among team members. When a doctor reaches the fatigue threshold, other team members can provide timely support and take over his or her work to ensure the smooth progress of the operation.

[0154] In summary, the last operation time T old Setting the operating time to the last time the doctor did not reach the fatigue level in the same type of operation, and combining the loop feedback mechanism for surgical management and risk assessment, is a scientific, reasonable and beneficial practice that helps improve surgical efficiency, protect the health of doctors and promote teamwork.

[0155] For example 2, please refer to Figures 1 to 4 , the calculation formula of the original expansion coefficient K is as follows:

[0156] K=K old ×Age×XB×H×BW;

[0157] K old is the base expansion factor;

[0158] Age is age;

[0159] XB is the gender effect coefficient;

[0160] H is the health factor;

[0161] BW is the surgical site expansion factor;

[0162] The calculation formula of the cut expansion coefficient K^ is as follows:

[0163]

[0164] n is the total number, which represents the total number of expansion adjustment factors in different directions considered when evaluating incision expansion;

[0165] F i is the expansion adjustment factor for the i-th cut direction.

[0166] In this embodiment, the introduction of the expansion coefficient is of great significance to surgical planning and execution. First, it helps doctors to more accurately predict the final size of the incision and the surgical area, so as to formulate a more reasonable surgical plan. Second, by adjusting the expansion coefficient, doctors can flexibly respond to changes and unexpected situations that may occur during the operation to ensure the smooth progress of the operation. Finally, the application of the expansion coefficient also helps to improve the safety and success rate of the operation and reduce the occurrence of complications.

[0167] K is the original expansion coefficient, which is a fixed value based on historical data, statistical analysis and expert experience. It represents the average expansion of the incision and surgical area relative to the original planned size without specific incision direction and condition restrictions. This coefficient varies depending on the type of surgery, patient characteristics, surgical site, and the experience and technical level of the surgeon.

[0168] For age: Due to the reduced tissue elasticity of elderly patients, the incision expansion may be more significant, so the original expansion coefficient K needs to be adjusted accordingly;

[0169] Regarding gender: Gender differences can affect tissue response and incision extension in certain types of surgery;

[0170] Regarding health status: The patient's overall health status, including nutritional status and chronic diseases, will affect the healing and expansion of the incision;

[0171] For the surgical site: Different parts have different tissue structures and functions, so the potential for incision expansion is also different. For example, areas with thinner skin and greater tension require a higher original expansion coefficient K.

[0172] The calculation of the cut expansion coefficient K^ is more complicated because it needs to specifically consider the expansion of the cut in a specific direction and under specific conditions. The following are the considerations:

[0173] Tissue elasticity: Preoperative assessment and intraoperative observation to determine the tissue response to the incision;

[0174] Incision shape and size: Incisions of different shapes and sizes will result in different expansion patterns;

[0175] Tension distribution during surgery: The tension distribution of the tissue around the incision during surgery will affect the expansion of the incision;

[0176] Use of surgical instruments: Certain surgical instruments, including electrosurgical knives and laser knives, will have specific effects on incision expansion.

[0177] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for computer-aided planning of surgical operations, characterized in that: The specific auxiliary planning steps are as follows: Step S1, using a data collection module to collect the patient's medical imaging data and auxiliary planning data of basic information related to the surgery; Step S2-1, based on the medical imaging data and the auxiliary planning data, and using the comprehensive evaluation analysis and planning module, identify and segment the two parts of the surgical area and the overlapping part between the two parts, and plan the surgical area; Step S2-2, planning the length of the surgical incision based on the area of ​​the surgical part, the extension of the surgical incision, and the deviation of the incision; Step S2-3, based on the area of ​​the surgical part and the length of the surgical incision, and in combination with other factors affecting the surgery, planning the time required for the surgery and the risk probability caused by the length of the surgery; Step S2-4, evaluating the time required for the operation, and adjusting the surgical area and the length of the surgical incision, as well as the doctor's status and the progress of the operation according to the evaluation results; Step S3, using the auxiliary output module to display the surgical planning results to the doctor in a graphical manner; in; The comprehensive evaluation analysis and planning module includes a unit for evaluating the actual surgical area, a unit for simulating the change in incision length and optimizing the incision design, and a unit for comprehensively evaluating the surgical time and surgical risks and complications.

2. A method for computer-aided planning of surgical operations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The equipment used in the data collection module includes medical imaging scanning equipment; The equipment used in the comprehensive assessment analysis and planning module includes high-performance computers and image processing software; The devices used by the auxiliary output module include a display and a printer.

3. A method for computer-aided planning of surgical operations according to claim 2, characterized in that: The calculation formula for evaluating the actual surgical area unit is as follows: X = (A + BC) × a; in: X is the total area of ​​the surgical field; A is the area of ​​the first region; B is the area of ​​the second region; C is the overlapping area, which reflects the area of ​​intersection and overlap between the first area A and the second area B; The first area A and the second area B are divided separately due to the anatomical structure, lesion range and surgical strategy, and reflect the actual situation of the surgical area; a is the area adjustment factor, which reflects the area change caused by factors such as blurred boundaries and tissue deformation; If a>1, an area change occurs, thereby increasing the total surgical area X; If a=1, no area change or adjustment occurs.

4. A method for computer-aided planning of surgical operations according to claim 3, characterized in that: The calculation formula for simulating the change of incision length and optimizing the incision design unit is as follows: Q = X × (1 + C / X × K) × P; P = (1 + b) × K^; in: Q is the length of the surgical incision; K is the original expansion coefficient, and K reflects the average expansion degree of the incision; P is the cut deviation adjustment factor; b is the cut deviation factor; If b>1, it means that the actual incision length is longer than planned, and the surgical incision length Q is increased; If b = 1, it means that the actual incision length is the same as the planned length; K^ is the incision expansion coefficient, which reflects the expansion degree of the incision in a certain direction when the incision is subjected to greater tension in that direction.

5. A method for computer-aided planning of surgical operations according to claim 4, characterized in that: The calculation formula of the original expansion coefficient K is as follows: K=K old ×Age×XB×H×BW; K old is the base expansion factor; Age is age; XB is the gender effect coefficient; H is the health factor; BW is the surgical site expansion factor; The calculation formula of the notch expansion coefficient K^ is as follows: n is the total number, which represents the total number of expansion adjustment factors in different directions considered when evaluating incision expansion; F i is the expansion adjustment factor for the i-th cut direction.

6. A method for computer-aided planning of surgical operations according to claim 5, characterized in that: The calculation formula for the comprehensive evaluation of operation time and operation risk and complication evaluation unit is as follows: T = (X × Q × F) / XL; in: T is the operation time; F is the surgical complexity coefficient; XL is the efficiency coefficient of the surgical team; The length of the operation time T affects the surgical risk and the incidence of complications. The specific calculation formula is as follows: BF=(T / T old )×JF; BF is the surgical risk and complication rate; T old is the time of the last operation, T old Reflects the time of the last operation of the same type performed by the same doctor; JF is the basic risk factor, which is determined according to the type of surgery and the patient's condition.

7. A method for computer-aided planning of surgical operations according to claim 6, characterized in that: The surgical analysis based on the surgical time T was adjusted as follows: If the operation time T is higher than the previous operation time T old , it indicates that in the current surgery, the doctor's fatigue increases, the surgical risk and complication rate BF are high, when the area adjustment factor a and the incision deviation factor b are increased; If the operation time T is lower than the previous operation time T old , it means that the doctor is relatively relaxed in the current operation, and the surgical risk and complication rate BF are low. All parameters should be maintained and fine-tuned according to the progress of the operation and the doctor's status; If the operation time T is equal to the previous operation time T old , it indicates that the doctor’s current fatigue state is similar to that of the last operation, and the surgical risk and complication rate BF are low. We should pay close attention to the progress of the operation and the doctor’s status.

8. A method for computer-aided planning of surgical operations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data collection module includes an image scanning unit and a patient information input unit, and the auxiliary output module includes a graphic rendering unit and a user interface unit; The image scanning unit records and stores the medical image data of the patient, and the patient information input unit inputs and stores the surgical patient information; The graphic rendering unit draws a surgical planning result display graphic and displays it using the user interface unit.

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