Intelligent casting device based on digital boiling cooling channel and control method thereof

Abstract

According to the intelligent casting device based on the digital boiling cooling channel and the control method of the intelligent casting device, firstly, high-performance low-pressure anti-gravity stable mold filling of metal melt is achieved, and then intelligent and high-cooling-speed metal melt high-performance solidification is achieved based on the digital boiling cooling channel. By means of the method, stable mold filling of low-pressure anti-gravity casting can be achieved, the defects of gas entrapment, oxidation slag inclusion and the like are reduced, sufficient feeding under pressure solidification is ensured, the problems of shrinkage cavities, shrinkage porosity, hot cracks and the like are reduced, and therefore a compact structure is obtained; and intelligent cooling speed enhanced solidification and sequential solidification of castings in any shape in a three-dimensional space can be realized based on a digital boiling cooling channel, a solidification structure with refined grain structure, small secondary dendritic crystal arm spacing and few defects is obtained, and finally, a high-performance high-end complex casting is produced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of digital intelligent casting, and in particular relates to an intelligent casting device based on a digital boiling cooling channel and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Low-pressure anti-gravity casting is a casting method that injects molten metal into the mold under pressure, so that it fills the mold against the direction of gravity and solidifies. The process is as follows: first, the molten metal is placed in a closed insulation furnace, and then dry compressed gas is introduced into the insulation furnace. The gas pressure causes the molten metal in the insulation furnace to rise along the riser pipe and enter the mold cavity through the gate. The gas pressure on the insulation furnace is maintained until the molten metal completely fills the mold cavity, and the molten metal is kept solidified under this pressure to form a casting. Then, the pressure in the insulation furnace is released, so that the unsolidified molten metal in the riser pipe flows back into the insulation furnace. Finally, the pressure applied by the clamping device on the top of the mold is released to take out the casting. Compared with gravity casting, low-pressure counter-gravity casting can make the molten metal fill the mold slowly and evenly under low pressure, reduce the turbulence and bubble generation during the filling process, reduce defects such as air entrapment and oxidation slag inclusions, and solidify under pressure to help fully fill the dendrites, reduce shrinkage holes, shrinkage porosity and thermal cracking and other casting defects, thereby obtaining a dense solidification structure. Therefore, in key fields such as aerospace and automobile transportation, low-pressure counter-gravity casting methods are often used in the casting process of parts.

[0003] However, the structure of parts in these fields is usually more complex. Once the cooling speed is slow and there is a lack of intelligent control during the casting process, it is easy to cause problems such as coarse grains, large spacing between secondary dendrite arms, high defect rate, and low yield.

[0004] Therefore, it is urgent to provide a new solution to solve the defects and shortcomings in the above-mentioned prior art. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the defects and shortcomings in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides an intelligent casting device based on a digital boiling cooling channel and a control method thereof.

[0006] The technical effects of the present invention are achieved by adopting the following technical solutions: An intelligent casting device based on a digital boiling cooling channel is characterized in that: it comprises a holding furnace, a crucible is arranged inside the holding furnace, the interior of the crucible is filled with molten metal, an air inlet is opened on the side wall of the holding furnace and located above the crucible, a riser is arranged inside the crucible, one end of the riser is located inside the crucible and extends into the molten metal, and the other end of the riser extends from the top of the holding furnace and is connected to the interior of the casting mold; The outer periphery of the casting mold is covered with a split digital multi-channel cooling cavity, a nozzle and a sensor are arranged inside the split digital multi-channel cooling cavity, and a guide rail is arranged at the bottom of the split digital multi-channel cooling cavity; A fluidized bed is arranged on one side of the split digital multi-channel cooling cavity, and the fluidized bed is arranged inside the cooling device. The split digital multi-channel cooling cavity is connected to the fluidized bed through an outer digital boiling cooling channel set, and an input pipe and an output pipe connected to the digital boiling cooling channel set are arranged on both sides of the fluidized bed, respectively, an input regulating valve is arranged on the input pipe, and an output regulating valve is arranged on the output pipe; The digital boiling cooling channel set includes a working digital boiling cooling channel combination that can adapt to the cooling requirements of molds to be cooled in different three-dimensional spatial configurations.

[0007] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bottom of the mold is configured as a cylinder, the top of the insulation furnace is configured as a boss shape that cooperates with the bottom limit of the mold, and a seal is provided between the bottom outer wall of the mold and the top inner wall of the insulation furnace.

[0008] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, after the casting mold is completely solidified, the casting mold is separated from the riser tube, so that the molten metal inside the casting mold is naturally solidified under atmospheric pressure.

[0009] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heat-conductive solid particles and the gas medium are combined in a predetermined boiling manner inside the fluidized bed to achieve enhanced cooling, and the heat-conductive solid particles are selected from a mixture of at least one or more of carbon, graphite, diamond, aluminum nitride, silicon nitride, boron nitride, silicon carbide, carbon nanotubes, graphene, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, silicon dioxide, gold, silver, copper, aluminum, magnesium, iron, and stainless steel, and the gas medium is selected from a mixture of at least one or more of water vapor, compressed air, nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, argon, neon, helium, krypton, and xenon.

[0010] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, an upper air pipe assembly is also connected between the input pipeline and the top of the split digital multi-channel cooling chamber.

[0011] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cooling rate of the molten metal inside the mold satisfies the following relationship: Q / Q0=-12.4×S / S0-0.347×T / T0+0.611×P / P0+3.083×V / V0+30.345 in, Q is the cooling rate, K / s; S is the cross-sectional area of ​​the casting, mm2 ; T is the wall thickness of the casting, mm; P is the boiling cooling medium pressure, bar; V is the boiling cooling medium flow rate, L / Min; Q0, S0, T0, P0, and V0 are reference values ​​selected for dimensionless calculation, where Q0 = 1 K / s, S0 = 100 mm 2 , T0=1 mm, P0=1 bar, V0=1 L / min.

[0012] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the nozzle and the sensor are evenly arranged in a ring on the inner wall of the split digital multi-channel cooling cavity, and are equally spaced along the axial direction of the split digital multi-channel cooling cavity. The working surface of the nozzle is fan-shaped and the working parameters of the nozzle can be adjusted accordingly. The working parameters of the nozzle include at least injection flow rate, injection air pressure, injection angle and injection cross section; and wherein, the adjustment priority of the injection flow rate and the injection air pressure is higher than the adjustment priority of the injection angle and the injection cross section.

[0013] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the casting device is connected to a control system, which determines, based on the three-dimensional spatial configuration of the mold to be cooled and its cooling requirements, a working digital boiling cooling channel combination in the digital boiling cooling channel set that can meet the cooling requirements of the mold to be cooled with the three-dimensional spatial configuration.

[0014] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the control system performs the following control actions according to the real-time monitoring results of the sensor: First, the temperature of each layer of the mold is detected in real time by the sensor, and the cooling channels are opened layer by layer from top to bottom according to the determined work using the digital boiling cooling channel combination to ensure that the metal melt in the mold is cooled, enhanced and solidified sequentially layer by layer from top to bottom; Second, if the sensor detects in real time that the temperature of the solidified part above the current cooling enhancement layer rises and is higher than the preset temperature, the abnormal result is fed back to the control system, and the control system reopens the cooling channel at the corresponding position to perform secondary cooling enhancement at that position; Third, if the sensor detects in real time that the temperature of a layer below the current cooling enhancement layer drops below the preset temperature in advance, the abnormal result is fed back to the control system, and the control system issues a boost command to increase the gas pressure in the insulation furnace, driving the molten metal to rise to increase the temperature of the layer.

[0015] Furthermore, the present invention also provides a control method for an intelligent casting device based on a digital boiling cooling channel, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: Step S1: proportioning metal elements according to requirements and smelting them into a metal melt, then transferring the smelted metal melt into a crucible for standby use, and placing the crucible into a heat preservation furnace; Step S2: prepare an inverted casting mold, connect the inverted casting mold to the top of the riser tube, place the bottom of the riser tube in the crucible and extend it into the metal melt, use the guide rail to cover the split digital multi-channel cooling cavity on the periphery of the casting mold, form a closed cooling cavity outside the casting mold, and wait for filling; Step S3: introducing compressed gas into the holding furnace through the air inlet, so that the molten metal in the crucible enters the casting mold through the riser pipe until the casting mold is filled; Step S4: according to the three-dimensional spatial configuration of the mold to be cooled, determining a working digital boiling cooling channel combination that can adapt to the cooling demand of the mold with the three-dimensional spatial configuration from the digital boiling cooling channel set; Step S5: according to the real-time monitoring feedback result of the sensor, the working digital boiling cooling channel combination in the split digital multi-channel cooling cavity is opened from top to bottom in sequence, so that the boiling cooling medium in the boiling bed enters the digital boiling cooling channel through the input regulating valve and the input pipeline in sequence, and then flows into the split digital multi-channel cooling cavity layer by layer, and the casting mold is cooled and enhanced layer by layer. Subsequently, the boiling cooling medium flows back to the boiling bed through the output regulating valve and the output channel to form a cycle; in this process, according to the cooling and solidification of the casting mold, the working parameters of the nozzle that sprays the boiling cooling medium are adjusted in real time until the metal melt is completely solidified; Step S6: After the metal melt is completely solidified, the input regulating valve is closed, so that the boiling cooling medium in the split digital multi-channel cooling chamber completely flows back to the boiling bed along the output pipeline; Step S7: venting and reducing the pressure to allow the molten metal in the riser to flow back into the crucible, separating the casting mold from the riser and taking it out of the split digital multi-channel cooling chamber, and then taking the casting out of the casting mold for post-processing.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects achieved by the present invention include: 1) The present invention provides an intelligent casting device based on a digital boiling cooling channel and a control method thereof, which combines low-pressure counter-gravity casting with a digital boiling cooling channel cooling rate enhancement technology. First, high-performance low-pressure counter-gravity stable filling of the metal melt is achieved; second, under the conditions of layer-by-layer cooling enhancement of the digital boiling cooling channel, high-performance solidification of the metal melt is completed. This method can not only achieve stable low-pressure counter-gravity filling, reduce air entrainment and oxidation slag defects, but also solidify under pressure to ensure sufficient shrinkage compensation, reduce defects such as shrinkage cavities, shrinkage porosity and thermal cracking, and thus obtain a dense casting structure; at the same time, it can also realize intelligent cooling rate enhancement solidification and sequential solidification of castings of any spatial configuration in three-dimensional space under the conditions of layer-by-layer cooling enhancement of the digital boiling cooling channel, obtain a solidification structure with refined grain structure, small secondary dendrite arm spacing and few defects, and finally obtain high-performance complex high-end castings.

[0017] 2) The present invention provides an intelligent casting device based on a digital boiling cooling channel and a control method thereof. The cooling rate is enhanced layer by layer through the digital boiling cooling channel. Different from the traditional overall cooling rate enhancement, the nozzles and sensors are arranged in a ring-shaped manner layer by layer on the inner wall of the split digital multi-channel cooling chamber, so that the solidification process can be monitored online and intelligently controlled, thereby realizing layer-by-layer cooling enhancement and sequential solidification of the casting, and obtaining a solidification structure with refined grain structure, small secondary dendrite arm spacing and fewer defects; at the same time, different from the traditional single medium water cooling or air cooling, the enhanced cooling is implemented in a boiling manner through a mixed medium of high thermal conductivity solid particles and gas, which can keep the thermal conductive solid medium particles suspended and moving, enhance the convective heat exchange between the cooling medium and the casting, strengthen the cooling of the casting in the casting, and prevent the casting from cracking and collapsing due to excessive temperature difference between the melt and the cooling medium on both sides of the casting.

[0018] 3) The present invention provides an intelligent casting device based on a digital boiling cooling channel and a control method thereof, which has the following beneficial effects through real-time monitoring and feedback control of the control system: by real-time monitoring of the temperature of each layer of the casting mold and opening the cooling channels layer by layer from top to bottom, the uniform cooling and sequential solidification of the molten metal are ensured, thereby significantly improving the quality of the casting; when it is detected that the temperature of the solidified part above the cooling enhancement layer rises abnormally, the system can automatically feedback and reopen the corresponding cooling channel to implement secondary cooling enhancement to prevent defects caused by insufficient shrinkage compensation during local remelting and solidification of the casting; if it is detected that the temperature below the cooling enhancement layer drops below the preset value, the control system can issue a boost command to increase the gas pressure in the insulation furnace, drive the molten metal to rise, thereby increasing the temperature of this layer to prevent the molten metal below the cooling enhancement layer from solidifying prematurely and blocking the shrinkage compensation channel to cause defects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the casting device of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a flow chart of the overall steps of the control method of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of steps S1-S2 of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of step S3 of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of S4 of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of step S5 of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of step S6 of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of step S7 of an embodiment of the present invention; In the figure: 1-heat-keeping furnace; 2-crucible; 3-metal melt; 4-air inlet; 5-liquid riser; 6-casting mold; 7-boiling bed; 8-cooling device; 9-input pipeline; 10-input regulating valve; 11-digital boiling cooling channel assembly; 12-upper gas pipeline assembly; 13-split digital multi-channel cooling chamber; 14-nozzle; 15-sensor; 16-guide rail; 17-output regulating valve; 18-output pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front end", "rear end", "two ends", "one end", "the other end" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0022] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "provided with", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0023] [Device Example] like Figure 1 The figure shows an intelligent casting device based on a digital boiling cooling channel provided by an embodiment of the device of the present invention, comprising a holding furnace 1, a crucible 2 is arranged inside the holding furnace 1, and a metal melt 3 is filled inside the crucible 2. The metal melt 3 can be selected according to the actual demand. The side wall of the holding furnace 1 and the upper part of the crucible 2 are provided with an air inlet 4 for introducing compressed gas into the holding furnace 1. A riser 5 is arranged inside the crucible 2, one end of the riser 5 is located inside the crucible 2 and extends into the metal melt 3, and the other end of the riser 5 extends from the top of the holding furnace 1 and is connected to the inside of the casting mold 6. After the compressed gas is introduced into the holding furnace 1 through the air inlet 4, the metal melt 3 can be driven to rise from the bottom of the riser 5 and enter and fill the inside of the casting mold 6 cavity; The outer periphery of the casting mold 6 is coated with a split digital multi-channel cooling cavity 13, the interior of the split digital multi-channel cooling cavity 13 is provided with a nozzle 14 and a sensor 15, and the bottom of the split digital multi-channel cooling cavity 13 is provided with a guide rail 16; by arranging the nozzle 14 and the sensor 15 on the inner wall of the split digital multi-channel cooling cavity 13, it is possible to realize online monitoring and intelligent control of the solidification process, thereby realizing layer-by-layer cooling enhancement and sequential solidification of the casting, and obtaining a solidification structure with refined grain structure, small secondary dendrite arm spacing, and few defects; by arranging the guide rail (16) to push the split digital multi-channel cooling cavity 13 to realize its separation or combination, thereby realizing the coating of the internal casting mold 6; A fluidized bed 7 is arranged on one side of the split digital multi-channel cooling chamber 13, and the fluidized bed 7 is arranged inside a cooling device 8. The cooling device 8 is used to adjust the temperature of the boiling cooling medium in the internal fluidized bed 7. The split digital multi-channel cooling chamber 13 is connected to the fluidized bed 7 through an outer digital boiling cooling channel set 11. An input pipe 9 and an output pipe 18 connected to the digital boiling cooling channel set 11 are respectively arranged on both sides of the fluidized bed 7. An input regulating valve 10 is arranged on the input pipe 9, and an output regulating valve 17 is arranged on the output pipe 18. The boiling cooling medium inside the fluidized bed 7 can enter the digital boiling cooling channel set 11 through the input pipe 9, and then enter the split digital multi-channel cooling chamber 13. The boiling cooling medium that has been cooled flows back to the fluidized bed 7 through the output pipe 18 to realize a cooling cycle. The input regulating valve 10 is used to control the opening and closing of the input pipe 9 and the flow rate regulation, and the output regulating valve 17 is used to control the opening and closing of the output pipe 18 and the flow rate regulation. The digital boiling cooling channel set 11 includes a working digital boiling cooling channel combination 19 that can adapt to the cooling requirements of the mold 6 to be cooled with different three-dimensional spatial configurations, so that according to the three-dimensional spatial configuration of the mold 6 to be cooled, the working digital boiling cooling channel combination 19 that can adapt to the cooling requirements of the mold 6 with the three-dimensional spatial configuration can be determined from the digital boiling cooling channel set 11, thereby realizing intelligent cooling rate enhanced solidification and sequential solidification of castings with any spatial configuration in three-dimensional space, obtaining a solidification structure with refined grain structure, small secondary dendrite arm spacing and fewer defects, and finally obtaining high-performance complex high-end castings, effectively increasing the scope of application.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the bottom of the mold 6 is set to be cylindrical, the top of the insulation furnace 1 is set to be a boss shape that cooperates with the bottom limit of the mold 6, and a seal is provided between the bottom outer wall of the mold 6 and the top inner wall of the insulation furnace 1 to ensure the sealing effect between the insulation furnace 1 and the mold 6 during the casting process; after the mold 6 is completely solidified, the mold 6 is separated from the riser 5, so that the metal melt 3 inside the mold 6 is naturally solidified under atmospheric pressure to obtain a casting.

[0025] The boiling bed 7 in this embodiment combines the heat-conducting solid particles with the gas medium in a pre-set boiling manner to achieve enhanced cooling. The heat-conducting solid particles can be a mixture of at least one or more of carbon, graphite, diamond, aluminum nitride, silicon nitride, boron nitride, silicon carbide, carbon nanotubes, graphene, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, silicon dioxide, gold, silver, copper, aluminum, magnesium, iron, and stainless steel. The gas medium can be a mixture of at least one or more of water vapor, compressed air, nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, argon, neon, helium, krypton, and xenon. The suspension and movement of the heat-conducting solid particles are achieved under a certain high temperature or compressed boiling gas, thereby enhancing the convective heat exchange between the mixed medium of gas and heat-conducting solid particles and the casting, and strengthening the cooling effect of the casting in the casting. Different from traditional single-medium water cooling or air cooling, enhanced cooling is implemented by boiling a mixed medium of heat-conducting solid particles and gas, which can keep the heat-conducting solid medium particles suspended, enhance the convective heat exchange between the cooling medium and the mold, and prevent the large temperature difference between the melt and the cooling medium on both sides of the mold from causing the mold to crack and collapse.

[0026] As a preference, Figure 1 As shown, an upper gas pipe assembly 12 is also connected between the input pipe 9 and the top of the split digital multi-channel cooling chamber 13. Before the boiling cooling step, the upper gas pipe assembly 12 can be opened so that the casting mold 6 is completely wrapped by the boiling cooling medium in advance, thereby achieving overall cooling enhancement, thereby shortening the subsequent boiling cooling time and improving the boiling cooling effect.

[0027] In this embodiment, the cooling rate of the molten metal 3 inside the mold 6 needs to satisfy the following relationship: Q / Q0=-12.4×S / S0-0.347×T / T0+0.611×P / P0+3.083×V / V0+30.345 in, Q is the cooling rate, K / s; S is the cross-sectional area of ​​the casting, mm 2 ; T is the wall thickness of the casting, mm; P is the boiling cooling medium pressure, bar; V is the boiling cooling medium flow rate, L / Min; Q0, S0, T0, P0, and V0 are reference values ​​selected for dimensionless calculation, where Q0 = 1 K / s, S0 = 100 mm 2 , T0=1 mm, P0=1 bar, V0=1 L / min.

[0028] It can be seen from the above formula that in order to ensure the same cooling rate, different boiling cooling medium pressures and boiling cooling medium pressures need to be provided for castings with different three-dimensional spatial configurations, so as to realize the intelligent cooling rate enhanced solidification and sequential solidification of the castings, obtain a solidification structure with refined grain structure, small secondary dendrite arm spacing and few defects, and finally obtain high-performance complex high-end castings.

[0029] The nozzle 14 and the sensor 15 are evenly arranged in a circular shape on the inner wall of the split digital multi-channel cooling chamber 13, and are evenly spaced along the axial direction of the split digital multi-channel cooling chamber 13. The working surface of the nozzle 14 is fan-shaped, and the boiling cooling medium is sent into the split digital multi-channel cooling chamber 13 through the nozzle 14. In order to meet the cooling needs of castings with different three-dimensional spatial configurations, the working parameters of the nozzle can be adjusted accordingly. In this embodiment, the working parameters of the nozzle at least include injection flow, injection air pressure, injection angle and injection cross section; the adjustment priority of the nozzle working parameters can be set according to the cooling requirements of the casting. As one of the preferred embodiments, the injection flow and injection air pressure are adjusted first, because these two directly affect the delivery efficiency of the cooling medium and the uniformity of the cooling effect. Then, according to the geometric shape and cooling requirements of the casting, the injection angle and injection cross section are adjusted to ensure that the cooling medium can cover the key areas of the casting to avoid local overcooling or overheating.

[0030] The casting device in this embodiment is also connected to a control system, which is used to determine the corresponding working digital boiling cooling channel combination 19 and perform corresponding control actions according to the real-time monitoring results of the sensor 15.

[0031] On the one hand, the control system determines a working digital boiling cooling channel combination 19 in the digital boiling cooling channel set 11 that can meet the cooling requirements of the casting 6 to be cooled with the three-dimensional spatial configuration according to the three-dimensional spatial configuration of the casting 6 to be cooled and its cooling requirements.

[0032] On the other hand, the control system performs the following control actions according to the real-time monitoring results of the sensor 15: First, the temperature of each layer of the mold 6 is detected in real time by the sensor 15, and the cooling channels are opened layer by layer from top to bottom according to the determined working digital boiling cooling channel combination 19, so as to ensure the cooling enhancement and sequential solidification of the metal melt 3 in the mold 6 from top to bottom layer by layer; Second, if the temperature of the solidified portion above the current cooling enhancement layer is detected by the sensor 15 in real time and is higher than the preset temperature, the abnormal result is fed back to the control system, and the control system reopens the cooling channel at the corresponding position to perform secondary cooling enhancement at the position; Third, if the sensor 15 detects in real time that the temperature of a layer below the current cooling enhancement layer drops below the preset temperature in advance, the abnormal result is fed back to the control system, and the control system issues a pressure increase command to increase the gas pressure in the insulation furnace (1), driving the metal melt 3 to rise to increase the temperature of the layer.

[0033] [Method Example] like Figure 2-8 As shown, the present invention also provides a control method for an intelligent casting device based on a digital boiling cooling channel mentioned in an embodiment of the device, comprising the following steps: Step S1: metal elements are proportioned according to requirements and smelted into a metal melt 3, and then the smelted metal melt 3 is transferred to a crucible 2 for standby use, and the crucible 2 is placed in a heat preservation furnace 1; Step S2: prepare an inverted mold 6, connect the inverted mold 6 to the top of the riser 5, place the bottom of the riser 5 in the crucible 2 and extend it into the molten metal 3, use the guide rail 16 to cover the split digital multi-channel cooling cavity 13 on the outer periphery of the mold 6, form a closed cooling cavity outside the mold 6, and wait for filling; Step S3: introducing compressed gas into the holding furnace 1 through the gas inlet 4, so that the molten metal 3 in the crucible 2 enters the casting mold 6 through the riser 5 until the casting mold 6 is filled; Step S4: according to the three-dimensional spatial configuration of the mold 6 to be cooled, determining from the digital boiling cooling channel set 11 a working digital boiling cooling channel combination 19 that can adapt to the cooling demand of the mold 6 with the three-dimensional spatial configuration; Step S5: According to the real-time monitoring feedback result of the sensor 15, the working digital boiling cooling channel combination 19 in the split digital multi-channel cooling chamber 13 is opened from top to bottom in sequence, so that the boiling cooling medium in the boiling bed 7 enters the digital boiling cooling channel 11 through the input regulating valve 10 and the input pipe 9 in sequence, and then flows into the split digital multi-channel cooling chamber 13 layer by layer, and the casting mold 6 is cooled and enhanced layer by layer. Subsequently, the boiling cooling medium flows back to the boiling bed 7 through the output regulating valve 17 and the output channel 18 to form a cycle; in this process, according to the cooling and solidification of the casting mold 6, the working parameters of the nozzle 14 for spraying the boiling cooling medium are adjusted in real time until the metal melt 3 is completely solidified; Step S6: After the metal melt 3 is completely solidified, the input regulating valve 10 is closed, so that the boiling cooling medium in the split digital multi-channel cooling chamber 13 completely flows back to the boiling bed 7 along the output pipe 18; Step S7: venting and reducing the pressure to allow the molten metal 3 in the riser 5 to flow back into the crucible 2, separating the casting mold 6 from the riser 5 and taking it out of the split digital multi-channel cooling chamber 13, and then taking the casting out of the casting mold 6 for post-processing.

[0034] The technical scheme of the present invention and the corresponding technical effects achieved are described in detail below through Example 1, Example 2, Example 3 and Comparative Example 1.

[0035] [Example 1] 1. Smooth filling of the metal melt 3: The required casting mold is a Mg-9Gd-3Y-0.4Zr (wt.%) magnesium alloy casting with a variable cross-sectional area in the height direction. Mg-Gd, Mg-Y and Mg-Zr intermediate alloys and pure Mg metal blocks are selected according to the stoichiometric ratio for smelting to prepare the metal melt 3, and the metal melt 3 is transferred to the crucible 2 for standby use; the casting mold 6 is inverted and connected to the riser 5 to wait for filling; compressed gas is introduced into the holding furnace 1 through the air inlet 4 at a pressurization rate of 25 mBar / s, so that the metal melt 3 in the crucible 2 enters the casting mold 6 through the riser 5 until the casting mold 6 is full; 2. Enhanced cooling based on split digital multi-channel cooling chamber 13: After the mold 6 is filled, according to the three-dimensional spatial configuration of the mold 6 to be cooled, a working digital boiling cooling channel combination 19 that can adapt to the three-dimensional spatial cooling requirements of the mold 6 is determined from the digital boiling cooling channel set 11; according to the real-time monitoring feedback result of the sensor 15, the working digital boiling cooling channel combination 19 in the split digital multi-channel cooling chamber 13 is opened from top to bottom in sequence, so that the boiling cooling medium in the boiling bed 7 flows into the split digital multi-channel cooling chamber 13 layer by layer. In the cavity 13, the mold 6 is cooled and enhanced layer by layer; in the process of layer by layer cooling and enhancement, the air pressure and flow rate of the boiling cooling medium are adjusted according to the cross-sectional area and wall thickness of the different height parts of the mold 6, so that the cooling speed of the different height parts of the mold 6 is consistent; after the mold 6 is completely solidified, the boiling cooling medium is completely discharged; the air is released and the pressure is reduced, so that the metal melt 3 in the riser 5 flows back to the crucible 2, the mold 6 is separated from the riser 5 and taken out from the split digital multi-channel cooling cavity 13, and then the casting is taken out from the mold 6 for post-processing.

[0036] The specific adjustment of the gas pressure and flow rate of the boiling cooling medium when the casting is cooled layer by layer in the split digital multi-channel cooling chamber 13 is as follows: (the radial protrusion at the top of the inverted casting mold 6 is taken as the first layer, the radial concave portion at the bottom of the first layer is taken as the second layer, and so on) (1) The “first layer” of the molten metal 3 in the mold 6 has a height of 10 mm and a cross-sectional area of ​​200 mm 2 , when the wall thickness is 5mm, adjust the boiling cooling medium pressure to 2.5bar, adjust the boiling cooling medium flow rate to 5.1L / Min, and make the cooling rate of this layer 20k / s; (2) The "second layer" of the molten metal 3 in the mold 6 has a height of 12 mm and a cross-sectional area of ​​150 mm 2, when the wall thickness is 6mm, adjust the boiling cooling medium pressure to 4.9bar, adjust the boiling cooling medium flow rate to 3.7L / Min, and make the cooling rate of this layer 20k / s; (3) The "third layer" of the molten metal 3 in the casting mold 6 has a height of 14 mm and a cross-sectional area of ​​300 mm 2 , when the wall thickness is 10mm, adjust the boiling cooling medium pressure to 7.8bar, adjust the boiling cooling medium flow rate to 7.7L / Min, and make the cooling rate of this layer 20k / s; (4) The "fourth layer" of the molten metal 3 in the casting mold 6 has a height of 16 mm and a cross-sectional area of ​​250 mm 2 , when the wall thickness is 5 mm, adjust the boiling cooling medium pressure to 3.9 bar, adjust the boiling cooling medium flow rate to 6.5 L / Min, and make the cooling rate of this layer 20 k / s; The post-treatment is to apply T6 heat treatment to the casting, including 500 ºC solution treatment for 12 hours, 70 ºC hot water quenching, and 200 ºC aging treatment for 120 hours, thereby obtaining a high-performance Mg-9Gd-3Y-0.4Zr (wt%) magnesium alloy casting with a defect rate of 0.08%, a maximum defect of 38 um, a grain size of 21um, a yield strength of 235 MPa, a tensile strength of 343 MPa, and an elongation of 15.6%.

[0037] [Example 2] 1. Smooth filling of the molten metal 3. The required casting mold is a Mg-9Gd-3Y-0.4Zr (wt.%) magnesium alloy casting with a variable cross-sectional area in the height direction. Mg-Gd, Mg-Y and Mg-Zr intermediate alloys and pure Mg metal blocks are selected according to the stoichiometric ratio for smelting to prepare the molten metal 3, and the molten metal 3 is transferred to the crucible 2 for standby use; the casting mold 6 is inverted and connected to the riser 5 to wait for filling; compressed gas is introduced into the holding furnace 1 through the air inlet 4 at a pressurization rate of 25 mBar / s, so that the molten metal 3 in the crucible 2 enters the casting mold 6 through the riser 5 until the casting mold 6 is full; 2. Based on the enhanced cooling of the split digital multi-channel cooling cavity 13, after the mold 6 is filled, according to the three-dimensional spatial configuration of the mold 6 to be cooled, a working digital boiling cooling channel combination 19 that can adapt to the three-dimensional spatial cooling requirements of the mold 6 is determined from the digital boiling cooling channel set 11; according to the real-time monitoring feedback result of the sensor 15, the working digital boiling cooling channel combination 19 in the split digital multi-channel cooling cavity 13 is opened from top to bottom in sequence, so that the boiling cooling medium in the boiling bed 7 flows into the split digital multi-channel cooling cavity 13 layer by layer. In the cavity 13, the mold 6 is cooled and enhanced layer by layer; in the process of layer by layer cooling and enhancement, the air pressure and flow rate of the boiling cooling medium are adjusted according to the cross-sectional area and wall thickness of the different height parts of the mold 6, so that the cooling speed of the different height parts of the mold 6 is consistent; after the mold 6 is completely solidified, the boiling cooling medium is completely discharged; the air is released and the pressure is reduced, so that the metal melt 3 in the riser 5 flows back to the crucible 2, the mold 6 is separated from the riser 5 and taken out from the split digital multi-channel cooling cavity 13, and then the casting is taken out from the mold 6 for post-processing.

[0038] The specific adjustment of the gas pressure and flow rate of the boiling cooling medium when the casting is cooled layer by layer in the split digital multi-channel cooling chamber 13 is as follows: (the radial protrusion at the top of the inverted casting mold 6 is taken as the first layer, the radial concave portion at the bottom of the first layer is taken as the second layer, and so on) (1) The “first layer” of the molten metal 3 in the mold 6 has a height of 10 mm and a cross-sectional area of ​​200 mm 2 , when the wall thickness is 5mm, adjust the boiling cooling medium pressure to 3.9bar, adjust the boiling cooling medium flow rate to 7.7L / Min, and make the cooling rate of this layer 30 k / s; (2) The "second layer" of the molten metal 3 in the mold 6 has a height of 12 mm and a cross-sectional area of ​​150 mm 2 , when the wall thickness is 6mm, adjust the boiling cooling medium pressure to 5.1bar, adjust the boiling cooling medium flow rate to 5.4L / Min, and make the cooling rate of this layer 30k / s; (3) The "third layer" of the molten metal 3 in the casting mold 6 has a height of 14 mm and a cross-sectional area of ​​300 mm 2 , when the wall thickness is 10 mm, adjust the boiling cooling medium pressure to 8.1 bar, adjust the boiling cooling medium flow rate to 11.2 L / Min, and make the cooling rate of this layer 30 k / s; (4) The "fourth layer" of the molten metal 3 in the casting mold 6 has a height of 16 mm and a cross-sectional area of ​​250 mm 2 , when the wall thickness is 5 mm, adjust the boiling cooling medium pressure to 4.1 bar, adjust the boiling cooling medium flow rate to 9.5 L / Min, and make the cooling rate of this layer 30 k / s; The post-treatment is to apply T6 heat treatment to the casting, including 500 ºC solution treatment for 12 hours, 70 ºC hot water quenching, and 200 ºC aging treatment for 120 hours, thereby obtaining a high-performance Mg-9Gd-3Y-0.4Zr (wt%) magnesium alloy casting with a defect rate of 0.05%, a maximum defect of 29 um, a grain size of 18 um, a yield strength of 242 MPa, a tensile strength of 357 MPa, and an elongation of 13.5%.

[0039] [Example 3] 1. Smooth filling of the metal melt 3: The required casting mold is a Mg-9Gd-3Y-0.4Zr (wt.%) magnesium alloy casting with a variable cross-sectional area in the height direction. Mg-Gd, Mg-Y and Mg-Zr intermediate alloys and pure Mg metal blocks are selected according to the stoichiometric ratio for smelting to prepare the metal melt 3, and the metal melt 3 is transferred to the crucible 2 for standby use; the casting mold 6 is inverted and connected to the riser 5 to wait for filling; compressed gas is introduced into the holding furnace 1 through the air inlet 4 at a pressurization rate of 25 mBar / s, so that the metal melt 3 in the crucible 2 enters the casting mold 6 through the riser 5 until the casting mold 6 is full; 2. Enhanced cooling based on split digital multi-channel cooling chamber 13: After the mold 6 is filled, according to the three-dimensional spatial configuration of the mold 6 to be cooled, a working digital boiling cooling channel combination 19 that can adapt to the three-dimensional spatial cooling requirements of the mold 6 is determined from the digital boiling cooling channel set 11; according to the real-time monitoring feedback result of the sensor 15, the working digital boiling cooling channel combination 19 in the split digital multi-channel cooling chamber 13 is opened from top to bottom in sequence, so that the boiling cooling medium in the boiling bed 7 flows into the split digital multi-channel cooling chamber 13 layer by layer. In the cavity 13, the mold 6 is cooled and enhanced layer by layer; in the process of layer by layer cooling and enhancement, the air pressure and flow rate of the boiling cooling medium are adjusted according to the cross-sectional area and wall thickness of the different height parts of the mold 6, so that the cooling speed of the different height parts of the mold 6 is consistent; after the mold 6 is completely solidified, the boiling cooling medium is completely discharged; the air is released and the pressure is reduced, so that the metal melt 3 in the riser 5 flows back to the crucible 2, the mold 6 is separated from the riser 5 and taken out from the split digital multi-channel cooling cavity 13, and then the casting is taken out from the mold 6 for post-processing.

[0040] The specific adjustment of the gas pressure and flow rate of the boiling cooling medium when the casting is cooled layer by layer in the split digital multi-channel cooling chamber 13 is as follows: (the radial protrusion at the top of the inverted casting mold 6 is taken as the first layer, the radial concave portion at the bottom of the first layer is taken as the second layer, and so on) (1) The “first layer” of the molten metal 3 in the mold 6 has a height of 10 mm and a cross-sectional area of ​​200 mm 2, when the wall thickness is 5mm, adjust the boiling cooling medium pressure to 7.7bar, adjust the boiling cooling medium flow rate to 10.4L / Min, and make the cooling rate of this layer 40k / s; (2) The "second layer" of the molten metal 3 in the mold 6 has a height of 12 mm and a cross-sectional area of ​​150 mm 2 , when the wall thickness is 6mm, adjust the boiling cooling medium pressure to 4.8bar, adjust the boiling cooling medium flow rate to 7.5L / Min, and make the cooling rate of this layer 40 k / s; (3) The "third layer" of the molten metal 3 in the casting mold 6 has a height of 14 mm and a cross-sectional area of ​​300 mm 2 , when the wall thickness is 10 mm, adjust the boiling cooling medium pressure to 7.6 bar, adjust the boiling cooling medium flow rate to 15.7 L / Min, and make the cooling rate of this layer 40 k / s; (4) The "fourth layer" of the molten metal 3 in the casting mold 6 has a height of 16 mm and a cross-sectional area of ​​250 mm 2 , when the wall thickness is 5 mm, adjust the boiling cooling medium pressure to 3.9 bar, adjust the boiling cooling medium flow rate to 12.8 L / Min, and make the cooling rate of this layer 40 k / s; The post-treatment is to apply T6 heat treatment to the casting, including 500 ºC solution treatment for 12 hours, 70 ºC hot water quenching, and 200 ºC aging treatment for 120 hours, thereby obtaining a high-performance Mg-9Gd-3Y-0.4Zr (wt%) magnesium alloy casting with a defect rate of 0.03%, a maximum defect of 21 um, a grain size of 10 um, a yield strength of 256 MPa, a tensile strength of 362 MPa, and an elongation of 12.7%.

[0041] [Comparative Example 1] The required castings are all Mg-9Gd-3Y-0.4Zr (wt.%) magnesium alloy castings with variable cross-sectional area in the height direction. The castings are prepared by conventional low-pressure counter-gravity casting methods. During the casting process, the gas pressure is maintained at 1.2 bar, air cooling, and the cooling rate of the metal melt 3 is 0.5 k / s. After the casting is formed, T6 heat treatment is applied to it, including 500 ° C solution treatment for 12h, 70 ° C hot water quenching, and 200 ° C aging treatment for 120h, to obtain Mg-9Gd-3Y-0.4Zr (wt.%) magnesium alloy castings with a defect rate of 0.65%, a maximum defect of 1680 um, a grain size of 125 um, a yield strength of 190 MPa, a tensile strength of 286 MPa, and an elongation of 3.5%.

[0042] Table 1 Casting process parameters used in Example 1, Example 2, Example 3 and Comparative Example 1 Table 2 Defects, grain size and mechanical properties of castings obtained in Example 1, Example 2, Example 3 and Comparative Example 1 It can be seen from Table 1 and Table 2 that the castings cast by the casting method of the present invention can significantly improve the cooling rate by adding layer-by-layer cooling. At the same time, by adjusting the gas pressure and flow rate of the boiling cooling medium, each part of the casting can achieve a consistent high cooling rate, so that the defect rate of the casting is lower, the maximum defect is smaller, the grain size is finer, the yield strength is higher, the tensile strength is higher, and the elongation is higher.

[0043] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. Intelligent casting device based on digital boiling cooling channel, characterized by: The invention comprises a heat-insulating furnace (1), wherein a crucible (2) is arranged inside the heat-insulating furnace (1), the interior of the crucible (2) is filled with a molten metal (3), an air inlet (4) is provided on the side wall of the heat-insulating furnace (1) and located above the crucible (2), a liquid riser (5) is arranged inside the crucible (2), one end of the liquid riser (5) is located inside the crucible (2) and extends into the interior of the molten metal (3), and the other end of the liquid riser (5) extends from the top of the heat-insulating furnace (1) and is connected to the interior of a casting mold (6); The outer periphery of the casting mold (6) is coated with a split digital multi-channel cooling cavity (13), a nozzle (14) and a sensor (15) are arranged inside the split digital multi-channel cooling cavity (13), and a guide rail (16) is arranged at the bottom of the split digital multi-channel cooling cavity (13); A fluidized bed (7) is arranged on one side of the split digital multi-channel cooling chamber (13), and the fluidized bed (7) is arranged inside the cooling device (8). The split digital multi-channel cooling chamber (13) is connected to the fluidized bed (7) through an outer digital boiling cooling channel set (11). An input pipe (9) and an output pipe (18) connected to the digital boiling cooling channel set (11) are arranged on both sides of the fluidized bed (7), respectively. An input regulating valve (10) is arranged on the input pipe (9), and an output regulating valve (17) is arranged on the output pipe (18); The digital boiling cooling channel set (11) includes a working digital boiling cooling channel combination (19) that can adapt to the cooling requirements of the casting molds (6) to be cooled with different three-dimensional spatial configurations.

2. According to claim 1, the intelligent casting device based on digital boiling cooling channel is characterized in that: The bottom of the casting mold (6) is arranged in a cylindrical shape, the top of the insulation furnace (1) is arranged in a boss shape that cooperates with the bottom limit of the casting mold (6), and a sealing member is arranged between the bottom outer wall of the casting mold (6) and the top inner wall of the insulation furnace (1).

3. According to claim 1, the intelligent casting device based on digital boiling cooling channel is characterized in that: After the casting mold (6) is completely solidified, the casting mold (6) is separated from the riser (5), so that the metal melt (3) inside the casting mold (6) is naturally solidified under atmospheric pressure.

4. The intelligent casting device based on digital boiling cooling channel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The fluidized bed (7) combines heat-conducting solid particles with a gas medium in a predetermined boiling manner to achieve enhanced cooling. The heat-conducting solid particles are selected from a mixture of at least one or more of carbon, graphite, diamond, aluminum nitride, silicon nitride, boron nitride, silicon carbide, carbon nanotubes, graphene, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, silicon dioxide, gold, silver, copper, aluminum, magnesium, iron, and stainless steel. The gas medium is selected from a mixture of at least one or more of water vapor, compressed air, nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, argon, neon, helium, krypton, and xenon.

5. The intelligent casting device based on digital boiling cooling channel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: An upper air delivery pipe assembly (12) is also connected between the input pipeline (9) and the top of the split-type digital multi-channel cooling chamber (13).

6. The intelligent casting device based on digital boiling cooling channel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cooling rate of the metal melt (3) inside the casting mold (6) satisfies the following relationship: Q / Q0=-12.4×S / S0-0.347×T / T0+0.611×P / P0+3.083×V / V0+30.345 in, Q is the cooling rate, K / s; S is the cross-sectional area of ​​the casting, mm 2 ; T is the wall thickness of the casting, mm; P is the boiling cooling medium pressure, bar; V is the boiling cooling medium flow rate, L / Min; Q0, S0, T0, P0, and V0 are reference values ​​selected for dimensionless calculation, where Q0 = 1 K / s, S0 = 100 mm 2 , T0=1mm, P0=1 bar, V0=1 L / min.

7. The intelligent casting device based on digital boiling cooling channel according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The nozzle (14) and the sensor (15) are evenly arranged in an annular manner on the inner wall of the split digital multi-channel cooling cavity (13), and are evenly spaced along the axial direction of the split digital multi-channel cooling cavity (13); the working surface of the nozzle (14) is fan-shaped and the working parameters of the nozzle can be adjusted accordingly; the working parameters of the nozzle at least include the injection flow rate, the injection air pressure, the injection angle and the injection cross section; And among them, the adjustment priority of the injection flow rate and the injection air pressure is higher than the adjustment priority of the injection angle and the injection cross-section.

8. The intelligent casting device based on digital boiling cooling channel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The casting device is connected to a control system, and the control system determines, based on the three-dimensional spatial configuration of the mold to be cooled (6) and its cooling requirements, a working digital boiling cooling channel combination (19) in the digital boiling cooling channel set (11) that can meet the cooling requirements of the mold to be cooled (6) with the three-dimensional spatial configuration.

9. The intelligent casting device based on digital boiling cooling channel according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The control system performs the following control actions according to the real-time monitoring results of the sensor (15): First, the temperature of each layer of the mold (6) is detected in real time by the sensor (15), and the cooling channels are opened layer by layer from top to bottom according to the determined working digital boiling cooling channel combination (19), so as to ensure that the metal melt (3) in the mold (6) is cooled, enhanced and solidified sequentially layer by layer from top to bottom; Second, if the temperature of the solidified portion above the current cooling enhancement layer rises and is higher than a preset temperature, the sensor (15) detects in real time that the temperature is increased, and the abnormal result is fed back to the control system, and the control system reopens the cooling channel at the corresponding position to perform secondary cooling enhancement at the position; Third, if the sensor (15) detects in real time that the temperature of a layer below the current cooling enhancement layer drops below the preset temperature in advance, the abnormal result is fed back to the control system, and the control system issues a pressure increase command to increase the gas pressure in the insulation furnace (1), driving the metal melt (3) to rise to increase the temperature of the layer.

10. The control method of the intelligent casting device based on the digital boiling cooling channel according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1: metal elements are proportioned according to requirements and smelted into a metal melt (3), and then the smelted metal melt (3) is transferred to a crucible (2) for standby use, and the crucible (2) is placed in a heat preservation furnace (1); Step S2: preparing an inverted casting mold (6), connecting the inverted casting mold (6) to the top of the riser tube (5), placing the bottom of the riser tube (5) in the crucible (2) and extending it into the metal melt (3), and using the guide rail (16) to cover the split digital multi-channel cooling cavity (13) on the outer periphery of the casting mold (6), forming a closed cooling cavity outside the casting mold (6), and waiting for filling; Step S3: introducing compressed gas into the holding furnace (1) through the gas inlet (4) so ​​that the molten metal (3) in the crucible (2) enters the casting mold (6) through the riser (5) until the casting mold (6) is filled; Step S4: according to the three-dimensional spatial configuration of the casting mold (6) to be cooled, determining from the digital boiling cooling channel set (11) a working digital boiling cooling channel combination (19) that can meet the cooling requirements of the casting mold (6) with the three-dimensional spatial configuration; Step S5: According to the real-time monitoring feedback result of the sensor (15), the working digital boiling cooling channel combination (19) in the split digital multi-channel cooling chamber (13) is opened in sequence from top to bottom, so that the boiling cooling medium in the boiling bed (7) enters the digital boiling cooling channel (11) through the input regulating valve (10) and the input pipeline (9) in sequence, and then flows into the split digital multi-channel cooling chamber (13) layer by layer, and the casting mold (6) is cooled and enhanced layer by layer. Subsequently, the boiling cooling medium flows back to the boiling bed (7) through the output regulating valve (17) and the output channel (18), forming a cycle; in this process, according to the cooling and solidification conditions of the casting mold (6), the working parameters of the nozzle (14) for spraying the boiling cooling medium are adjusted in real time until the metal melt (3) is completely solidified; Step S6: After the metal melt (3) is completely solidified, the input regulating valve (10) is closed, so that the boiling cooling medium in the split digital multi-channel cooling chamber (13) completely flows back to the boiling bed (7) along the output pipe (18); Step S7: venting and reducing the pressure to allow the molten metal (3) in the riser (5) to flow back into the crucible (2); separating the casting mold (6) from the riser (5) and taking it out of the split digital multi-channel cooling chamber (13); and then taking the casting out of the casting mold (6) for post-processing.

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