Polyurethane composite material additive manufacturing equipment and manufacturing process

Abstract

The present invention relates to a polyurethane composite material additive manufacturing equipment, including a bin body, in which a lifting platform, a laser irradiator, and a nozzle group are arranged; the characteristics are: it also includes a particle bin, which is constrained in the bin body and can slide forward and backward, a discharge plate is arranged at the discharge hole below the particle bin, and a stirring needle is arranged at the bottom of the discharge plate; a first scraper and a second scraper are respectively constrained at the rear and front sides of the particle bin and can move up and down, and there are two nozzle groups, namely a first nozzle group and a second nozzle group; in the process of the particle bin moving from front to back, the second scraper moves down and extends out from the bottom of the particle bin, and the first scraper is in an upward retracted position; in the process of the particle bin moving from back to front, the first scraper moves down and extends out from the bottom of the particle bin, and the second scraper is in an upward retracted position. It is an additive manufacturing equipment with a reasonable structure and suitable for additive manufacturing using polyurethane composite materials. The present invention also relates to an additive manufacturing process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of additive manufacturing (3D printing), and in particular relates to a polyurethane composite material additive manufacturing device, and also relates to a manufacturing process using the aforementioned manufacturing device. Background Art

[0002] Additive manufacturing, commonly known as 3D printing, is a manufacturing technology that integrates computer-aided design, material processing and forming technology, and is based on digital model files. It uses software and numerical control systems to stack special metal materials, non-metallic materials and medical biomaterials layer by layer in the form of extrusion, sintering, melting, photocuring, spraying, etc. to produce physical objects. Stereolithography is a type of photocuring processing method. Stereolithography uses lasers of specific wavelengths and intensities to focus on the surface of photocurable materials, solidifying them from points to lines and from lines to surfaces in sequence, completing a level of drawing work, and then controlling the lifting platform to move a layer in the vertical direction to a certain height, and then solidifying another layer, and stacking layers to form a three-dimensional entity.

[0003] In order to improve the properties of additive materials, some composite materials are generally used to manufacture additive materials. At present, for new composite materials with polyurethane resin as the main body and mixed with plastic particles and fibers, there are still the following technical problems when using existing stereolithography processing equipment to manufacture:

[0004] 1. During stereolithography, the solidified solid needs to be lowered layer by layer along with the lifting platform, so the lifting platform needs to slowly descend in the material pool containing the new composite material. Since the new composite material contains plastic particles and fibers, the plastic particles and fibers will be pushed downward by the lifting platform, thereby reducing the plastic particles and fibers mixed on the surface of the new composite material, which will affect the quality of the additive produced;

[0005] 2. During stereolithography processing, as the solidified entity descends, the polyurethane resin flows and wraps the solidified entity. The flow of the polyurethane resin will cause the distribution of plastic particles and fibers in the new composite material above the solidified entity to be uneven, which will affect the quality of the additive produced.

[0006] Therefore, how to design an additive manufacturing device suitable for polyurethane-based and compatible plastic particles and fibers is a technical problem that technicians in this field urgently need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0007] The first technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an additive manufacturing device with a reasonable structure and suitable for additive manufacturing using polyurethane composite materials in response to the above-mentioned existing technical status. The device can ensure that the content of plastic particles and fibers meets the requirements and is evenly mixed with polyurethane.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned first technical problem is: a polyurethane composite material additive manufacturing equipment, including a warehouse body, a lifting platform, a laser irradiator, and a nozzle group for spraying polyurethane materials are arranged in the warehouse body, the lifting platform is constrained in the warehouse body and can be lifted up and down, and the laser irradiator is arranged above the lifting platform; it is characterized in that: it also includes a particle silo for storing plastic particles and / or fibers, which is constrained in the warehouse body and can slide back and forth driven by the silo driving structure, and the particle silo is arranged between the laser irradiator and the lifting platform, and a discharge plate capable of opening and closing the discharge hole is provided at the discharge hole below the particle silo, and a plurality of discharge holes are opened on the discharge plate, and a plurality of downwardly extending roots are provided at the bottom of the discharge plate for stirring and laying on the lifting platform. A stirring needle for the material on the lowering platform; a first scraper and a second scraper are respectively constrained on the outer side walls of the rear and front sides of the particle silo and driven by the scraper driving structure to move up and down. There are two groups of nozzle groups, namely the first nozzle group and the second nozzle group. The first nozzle group is installed on the first scraper, and the second nozzle group is installed on the second scraper; in the process of the particle silo moving from front to back, the second scraper moves down and extends from the bottom of the particle silo to scrape the material laid on the lifting platform, and the first scraper is in an upward retracted position; in the process of the particle silo moving from back to front, the first scraper moves down and extends from the bottom of the particle silo to scrape the material laid on the lifting platform, and the second scraper is in an upward retracted position.

[0009] Preferably, the silo drive structure includes a horizontal motor and a horizontal screw. The right side of the granule silo has a protruding drive arm, and the drive arm has a drive threaded hole that penetrates along the front-to-back direction. The horizontal screw is supported in the silo body along the front-to-back direction and driven by the horizontal motor to rotate around its own axis. The horizontal screw is threadedly connected to the drive threaded hole. The threaded transmission can achieve accurate and slow control of the forward and backward movement speed of the granule silo, which is conducive to the uniform spraying of polyurethane materials and the uniform scattering of plastic particles and fibers. The drive structure involves fewer parts, which is convenient for assembly.

[0010] As an improvement, the scraper driving structure includes a switching plate and a track plate; a first scraper slider is provided at the left end of the first scraper, and a first scraper pin is provided on the first scraper slider; a second scraper slider is provided at the left end of the second scraper, and a second scraper pin is provided on the second scraper slider; the switching plate is T-shaped, the middle part of the switching plate is hinged on the left outer wall of the particle silo, a switching pin is provided on the vertical arm of the switching plate, a first strip-shaped switching groove is provided on the rear side of the horizontal arm at the lower end of the switching plate, and a second strip-shaped switching groove is provided on the front side, the first scraper pin is slidably connected to the first switching groove, and the second scraper pin is slidably connected to the second switching groove; the track plate Fixed to the left inner wall of the bin body, the track plate is provided with a first vertical track, a horizontal track and a second vertical track which are connected to each other, the horizontal track is horizontally arranged along the front-to-back direction, the first vertical track and the second vertical track are respectively arranged at the front and rear ends of the horizontal track and extend upward, the front end of the horizontal track is connected with the first vertical track through the first track slope, and the rear end of the horizontal track is connected with the second vertical track through the second track slope, the switching pin can slide along the first vertical track, the horizontal track and the second vertical track, so that the switching pin can swing relative to the particle bin and thereby drive the first scraper slider and the second scraper slider to move up and down.

[0011] The scraper driving structure is associated with the particle silo. The movement of the particle silo in one direction drives one of the scrapers to move upward and the other scraper to move downward. The movement of the particle silo in another direction drives the originally descending scraper to move upward and the originally upward scraper to move downward.

[0012] Further improvement, there are two of the above-mentioned unloading plates, namely the first unloading plate and the second unloading plate, the first unloading plate is provided with a first unloading hole and a first stirring needle, and the second unloading plate is provided with a second unloading hole and a second stirring needle; the first unloading plate and the second unloading plate are arranged side by side front and back and constrained at the bottom of the particle bin to slide left and right, the first unloading plate is maintained with a rightward movement tendency by the action of a first spring, and the second unloading plate is maintained with a rightward movement tendency by the action of a second spring; a driving rack is provided in the bin body that cooperates with the right ends of the first unloading plate and the second unloading plate, and the first unloading plate and the second unloading plate move left and right with the particle bin, and drive the first unloading plate and the second unloading plate to reciprocate left and right in an staggered manner under the action of the driving rack; when the first unloading plate and the second unloading plate move to the left, the first unloading hole and the second unloading hole are misaligned with the discharge hole of the particle bin, and when the first unloading plate and the second unloading plate move to the right, the first unloading hole and the second unloading hole are aligned with the discharge hole of the particle bin. The unloading plate can reciprocate under the drive of the rack, and the unloading holes are aligned and staggered with the discharge holes of the particle silo alternately, so that the plastic particles and / or fibers can be spread more evenly.

[0013] As a further improvement, the left side of the first blanking plate is provided with a first limit block, and the left side of the second blanking plate is provided with a second limit block; when the first scraper slider is in a downward state, the first scraper slider clamps the first limit block to keep the first blanking plate in a leftward position and disengage from the driving rack, and when the first scraper slider is in an upward state, the first scraper slider is misaligned with the first limit block; when the second scraper slider is in a downward state, the second scraper slider clamps the second limit block to keep the first blanking plate in a leftward position and disengage from the driving rack, and when the second scraper slider is in an upward state, the second scraper slider is misaligned with the second limit block. The blanking plate away from the downward scraper can be opened, and the blanking plate close to the downward scraper can be closed, so that the material and the polyurethane are fully mixed before being scraped flat.

[0014] Preferably, the right sides of the first limit block and the second limit block are provided with inclined surfaces, so that the scraper slider can better push the limit block, which is beneficial to the column unloading plate.

[0015] As a further improvement, the lifting platform includes a base frame and a switching frame that are interlaced with each other. The base frame is provided with a discharge hole, and the switching frame can move up and down relative to the base frame. When the switching frame moves up to the top surface flush with the base frame, the switching frame blocks the discharge hole, and the downward movement of the switching frame can open the discharge hole; a lifting frame is fixed to the rear side of the base frame, and the lifting frame is constrained in the warehouse body and can move up and down. A vertical lifting screw driven by a lifting motor is provided on the rear side of the warehouse body, and the lifting screw is threadedly connected to the lifting frame. One side of the lifting frame is fixed with multiple electric push rods, and the telescopic rods of the electric push rods are connected to the switching frame. The uncured polyurethane can be discharged from the discharge hole through the base frame and the switching frame, and the plastic particles and fibers are retained on the lifting platform, which is conducive to classified recycling.

[0016] In order to further recycle the uncured polyurethane, a material pool is provided in the warehouse below the lifting platform, and also includes a discharge pump system for discharging the material in the material pool.

[0017] Compared with the existing technology, the advantages of this additive manufacturing equipment are:

[0018] 1. By setting two scrapers and a particle silo, after each layer of stereolithography, the plastic particles and fibers are evenly sprinkled on the surface of the polyurethane resin through the particle silo, so that the polyurethane resin and plastic particles and fibers above the solidified entity are mixed to form a new composite material, avoiding the reduction of plastic particles and fiber content due to the descent of the lifting platform, thereby ensuring the quality of the additive;

[0019] 2. A slidable feeding plate is arranged in the particle silo, and a plurality of stirring pins are arranged on the feeding plate, so that when the scraper scrapes the surface of the polyurethane resin, a layer of polyurethane resin is evenly sprayed out through the nozzle group, and then the feeding plate is controlled to slide back and forth to sprinkle plastic particles and fibers on the surface of the polyurethane resin, and then the plastic particles and fibers are stirred by the reciprocating stirring pins, so that the new composite material is evenly mixed to ensure the quality of the additive;

[0020] 3. By setting the switching plate, the track plate and the two scrapers, when the particle silo moves back and forth, the working scraper can be selected according to the moving direction through the cooperation of the switching plate and the track plate, so that the particle silo can realize the working sequence of spreading, stirring and leveling no matter which direction it moves, and the operation is convenient.

[0021] The second technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an additive manufacturing process with reasonable steps and suitable for additive manufacturing using polyurethane composite materials in view of the above-mentioned existing technical status.

[0022] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above second technical problem is: a polyurethane composite material additive manufacturing process, characterized in that: the polyurethane composite material additive manufacturing equipment mentioned above is used for manufacturing; comprising the following steps, S1, a preparation step,

[0023] The electric push rod contracts, so that the switching frame and the bottom frame are closed, so that the bottom frame and the switching frame form a plane, and the evenly stirred plastic particles and fibers are added into the particle silo. In the initial state, the particle silo is located near the front side;

[0024] S2, forward spreading and leveling step,

[0025] The polyurethane resin is sprayed out from the first nozzle group, the silo driving structure drives the particle silo to slide backward, the discharge plate opens the discharge hole, the scraper driving structure drives the second scraper to move downward and the first scraper to move upward, as the particle silo slides backward, the plastic particles and fibers flow out from the discharge hole on the discharge plate, and the plastic particles and fibers are evenly scattered on the surface of the polyurethane resin sprayed from the first nozzle group located in front of the moving direction, the stirring of the discharge plate stirs the plastic particles and fibers, so that they are fused with the polyurethane resin to prepare a new composite material, and the second scraper located behind its moving direction also moves backward to scrape the surface of the polyurethane resin flat; the particle silo moves to the rearmost position, the first nozzle group stops spraying the polyurethane resin, and the discharge plate closes the discharge hole;

[0026] S3, a curing step,

[0027] The laser irradiator is started to irradiate the surface of the new composite material liquid, and a drawing operation of a layer is completed according to the required pattern, so that the new composite material is solidified to the height of a layer; then the lifting motor drives the lifting platform to descend to the height of a layer, completing a solidification descent operation;

[0028] S4, reverse spreading and scraping step,

[0029] The polyurethane resin is sprayed out from the second nozzle group, the hopper driving structure drives the particle hopper to slide forward, the discharge plate opens the discharge hole, the scraper driving structure drives the first scraper to move downward and the second scraper to move upward, as the particle hopper slides forward, the plastic particles and fibers flow out from the discharge hole on the discharge plate, and the plastic particles and fibers are evenly scattered on the surface of the polyurethane resin sprayed from the second nozzle group located in front of the moving direction, the stirring target of the discharge plate stirs the plastic particles and fibers, so that they are fused with the polyurethane resin to prepare a new composite material, and the first scraper located behind its moving direction also moves backward to scrape the surface of the polyurethane resin flat; the particle hopper moves to the frontmost position, the second nozzle group stops spraying the polyurethane resin, and the discharge plate closes the discharge hole;

[0030] S5, solidification descending step again,

[0031] The laser irradiator is started to irradiate the surface of the new composite material, and the second layer drawing operation is completed according to the required graphics, so that the new composite material is solidified again by the height of one layer; then the lifting platform is lowered again by the height of one layer to complete the re-solidification and lowering work;

[0032] S6, repeat the work unloading steps,

[0033] By repeatedly executing steps S2 to S5, solidified layers can be stacked layer by layer until the additive manufacturing is completed.

[0034] S7, raw material separation step,

[0035] The electric push rod extends outward to push the switching frame down relative to the base frame. The base frame and the switching frame are offset from each other to open the discharge hole, so that the polyurethane resin liquid level in the new composite material is discharged into the material pool through the discharge hole, and the discharge pump system is started to extract the polyurethane resin in the material pool, so that the plastic particles and fibers remain on the base frame and the switching frame; the lifting platform rises, driving the completed additive material to rise, and the additive material is taken out of the bin; the electric push rod retracts inward to drive the switching frame to rise relative to the base frame, and the surface of the base frame and the switching frame are flush, and the workers collect the fibers and plastic particles to complete the raw material separation work.

[0036] Compared with the existing technology, the advantages of this additive manufacturing process are: the various steps are reasonably connected, and the plastic particles and fibers can be mixed and stirred evenly with the polyurethane resin. The additive manufacturing is completed through the reciprocating operation of moving back and forth. In addition, the raw materials can be recycled to reduce costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of an additive manufacturing apparatus;

[0038] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Sectional view in the AA direction;

[0039] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Cross-sectional view in the BB direction;

[0040] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Cross-sectional view in CC direction;

[0041] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Cross-sectional view in the middle DD direction;

[0042] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 2 The enlarged image at point I in the middle;

[0043] Figure 7 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of II in the middle;

[0044] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the switching plate moving forward to the frontmost position of the horizontal track in the embodiment of the additive manufacturing device;

[0045] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the switching plate moving forward to the uppermost position of the first vertical track in the embodiment of the additive manufacturing device;

[0046] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the switching plate in the additive manufacturing device embodiment moving backward to the frontmost position of the horizontal track;

[0047] Fig.11 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a blanking plate in an embodiment of an additive manufacturing device;

[0048] Fig.12 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a scraper in an embodiment of an additive manufacturing device.

[0049] Specific numbers: bin body 11, bottom frame 12, lifting frame 121, discharge hole 122, lifting screw 13, lifting motor 14, switching frame 15, door panel 16, electric push rod 17, laser irradiator 2, material pool 3, particle silo 41, discharge hole 411, driving arm 412, driving threaded hole 413, first unloading plate 421, first stirring needle 4211, first limit block 4212, first unloading hole 4213, second unloading plate 422, second stirring needle 4221, second limit block 4222, second unloading hole 4223, switching plate 43, switching pin 431, first Switching slot 432, second switching slot 433, first scraper 441, first scraper slider 4411, first scraper pin 4412, second scraper 442, second scraper slider 4421, second scraper pin 4422, track plate 45, first vertical track 451, first track slope 4511, horizontal track 452, second vertical track 453, second track slope 4531, first spring 461, second spring 462, horizontal motor 51, horizontal screw 52, ​​drive rack 6, discharge pump system 7, first nozzle group 81, second nozzle group 82, input pump system 9. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0051] As shown in the figure, it is a preferred embodiment of the polyurethane composite material additive manufacturing equipment.

[0052] A polyurethane composite material additive manufacturing device comprises a warehouse body 11, the front end of the warehouse body 11 is open and provided with a door panel 16, a lifting platform, a laser irradiator 2, and a nozzle group for spraying polyurethane materials are arranged in the warehouse body 11, the lifting platform is constrained in the warehouse body 11 and can be lifted up and down, and the laser irradiator 2 is arranged above the lifting platform;

[0053] Also includes

[0054] A granule silo 41 for storing plastic granules and / or fibers is constrained in the silo body 11 and driven by the silo driving structure to slide forward and backward, and the granule silo 41 is arranged between the laser irradiator 2 and the lifting platform, and a discharge plate capable of opening and closing the discharge hole is provided at the discharge hole below the granule silo 41, and a plurality of discharge holes are opened on the discharge plate, and a plurality of stirring needles extending downward to stir the material laid on the lifting platform are provided at the bottom of the discharge plate;

[0055] The first scraper 441 and the second scraper 442 are respectively constrained on the outer side walls of the rear and front sides of the particle silo 41 and driven by the scraper driving structure to move up and down. There are two groups of nozzle groups, namely the first nozzle group 81 and the second nozzle group 82. The first nozzle group 81 is installed on the first scraper 441, and the second nozzle group 82 is installed on the second scraper 442; in the process of the particle silo 41 moving from front to back, the second scraper 442 moves down and extends out from the bottom of the particle silo 41, and can scrape the material laid on the lifting platform, and the first scraper 441 is in an upward retracted position; in the process of the particle silo 41 moving from back to front, the first scraper 441 moves down and extends out from the bottom of the particle silo 41, and can scrape the material laid on the lifting platform, and the second scraper 442 is in an upward retracted position.

[0056] The silo driving structure includes a horizontal motor 51 and a horizontal screw 52. The right side of the particle silo 41 has a protruding driving arm 412, and the driving arm 412 has a driving threaded hole 413 that penetrates along the front-to-back direction. The horizontal screw 52 is supported in the silo body 11 along the front-to-back direction and is driven by the horizontal motor 51 to rotate around its own axis. The horizontal screw 52 is threadedly connected to the driving threaded hole 413.

[0057] The scraper driving structure includes a switching plate 43 and a track plate 45; a first scraper slider 4411 is provided at the left end of the first scraper, and a first scraper pin 4412 is provided on the first scraper slider 4411; a second scraper slider 4421 is provided at the left end of the second scraper 442, and a second scraper pin 4422 is provided on the second scraper slider 4421; the switching plate 43 is T-shaped, and the middle part of the switching plate 43 is hinged on the left outer wall of the particle silo 41, and a switching pin 431 is provided on the vertical arm of the switching plate 43, and a first strip-shaped switching groove 432 is provided on the rear side of the horizontal arm at the lower end of the switching plate 43, and a second strip-shaped switching groove 433 is provided on the front side, the first scraper pin 4412 is slidably connected to the first switching groove 432, and the second scraper pin 4422 is slidably connected to the second switching groove 433; the track plate 45 is fixed to the silo On the left inner wall of the body, the track plate 45 is provided with a first vertical track 451, a horizontal track 452 and a second vertical track 453 which are connected to each other. The horizontal track 452 is horizontally arranged along the front-to-back direction. The first vertical track 451 and the second vertical track 453 are respectively arranged at the front and rear ends of the horizontal track 452 and extend upward. The front end of the horizontal track 452 is connected with the first vertical track 451 through the first track inclined surface 4511, and the rear end of the horizontal track 452 is connected with the second vertical track 453 through the second track inclined surface 4531. The switching pin 431 can slide along the first vertical track 451, the horizontal track 452 and the second vertical track 453, so that the switching pin 431 can swing relative to the particle silo 41 and thereby drive the first scraper slider 4411 and the second scraper slider 4421 to move up and down.

[0058] There are two unloading plates, namely the first unloading plate 421 and the second unloading plate 422. The first unloading plate 421 is provided with a first unloading hole 4213 and a first stirring needle 4211, and the second unloading plate 422 is provided with a second unloading hole 4223 and a second stirring needle 4221; the first unloading plate 421 and the second unloading plate 422 are arranged side by side front and back and constrained at the bottom of the particle silo 41 to slide left and right, the first unloading plate 421 is maintained by the first spring 461 to move right, and the second unloading plate 422 is maintained by the second spring 462 to move right; the silo body 11 is provided with a first unloading plate 421 and a second stirring needle 4213 and a second stirring needle 4221; the first unloading plate 421 and the second unloading plate 422 are arranged side by side front and back and constrained at the bottom of the particle silo 41 to slide left and right, the first unloading plate 421 is maintained by the first spring 461 to move right, and the second unloading plate 422 is maintained by the second spring 462 to move right; The right end of the second blanking plate 422 cooperates with the driving rack 6, and the first blanking plate 421 and the second blanking plate 422 move left and right with the particle bin 41, and under the action of the driving rack 6, the first blanking plate 421 and the second blanking plate 422 are driven to alternately reciprocate left and right; when the first blanking plate 421 and the second blanking plate 422 move to the left, the first blanking hole 4213 and the second blanking hole 4223 are misaligned with the discharge hole 411 of the particle bin 41, and when the first blanking plate 421 and the second blanking plate 422 move to the right, the first blanking hole 4213 and the second blanking hole 4223 are aligned with the discharge hole 411 of the particle bin 41.

[0059] A first stop block 4212 is provided on the left side of the first blanking plate 421, and a second stop block 4222 is provided on the left side of the second blanking plate 422; when the first scraper slider 4411 is in the downward state, the first scraper slider 4411 clamps the first stop block 4212 to keep the first blanking plate 421 in the leftward position and disengage from the driving rack 6, and when the first scraper slider 4411 is in the upward state, the first scraper slider 4411 is misaligned with the first stop block 4212; when the second scraper slider 4421 is in the downward state, the second scraper slider 4421 clamps the second stop block 4222 to keep the first blanking plate 421 in the leftward position and disengage from the driving rack 6, and when the second scraper slider 4421 is in the upward state, the second scraper slider 4421 is misaligned with the second stop block 4222. Inclined surfaces are provided on the right sides of the first stop block 4212 and the second stop block 4222.

[0060] The lifting platform in this embodiment includes a base frame 12 and a switching frame 15 which are interlaced with each other. The base frame 12 is provided with a discharge hole 122. The switching frame 15 can move up and down relative to the base frame 12. When the switching frame 15 moves up to the top surface flush with the base frame 12, the switching frame 15 blocks the discharge hole 122. The downward movement of the switching frame 15 can open the discharge hole 122. A lifting frame 121 is fixed to the rear side of the base frame 12. The lifting frame 121 is constrained in the warehouse body 11 and can move up and down. A vertical lifting screw 13 driven to rotate by a lifting motor 14 is provided on the rear side of the warehouse body 11. The lifting screw 13 is threadedly connected to the lifting frame 121. One side of the lifting frame 121 is fixed with a plurality of electric push rods 17. The telescopic rods of the electric push rods 17 are connected to the switching frame 15. A material pool 3 is also provided in the warehouse body 11 below the lifting platform, and a discharge pump system 7 for discharging materials in the material pool 3 is also provided.

[0061] A manufacturing process using the aforementioned polyurethane composite material additive manufacturing equipment comprises the following steps:

[0062] S1. Preparation steps,

[0063] The electric push rod 17 contracts, so that the switching frame 15 and the bottom frame 12 are closed, so that the bottom frame 12 and the switching frame 15 form a plane, and the evenly mixed plastic particles and fibers are added into the particle silo 41. In the initial state, the particle silo 41 is located at the front side (close to the door panel 16).

[0064] S2, forward spreading and leveling step,

[0065] After the preparation work is completed, the input pump system 9 is started, and the polyurethane resin is sprayed out from the first nozzle group 81 through the input pump system 9; the horizontal motor 51 is started to drive the horizontal screw 52 to rotate and drive the particle bin 41 to slide backward. Since the switching pin 431 is located in the first vertical track 451 in the initial state, when the switching plate 43 (the switching plate 43 is hinged on the particle bin 41) moves, the switching pin 431 first moves upward along the first vertical track 451, so that the switching plate 43 rotates. Since the first scraper pin 4412 is slidably connected to the first switching slot 432, the second scraper pin 4422 and the second switching slot 432 are connected. 33 is slidably connected, the first scraper 441 and the second scraper 442 are slidably connected with the particle silo 41 respectively, thereby driving the second scraper slider 4421 to descend and the first scraper slider 4411 to ascend. When the switching pin 431 moves to the highest point in the first vertical track 451, the second scraper slider 4421 and the first scraper slider 4411 slide to the same height, and the switching plate 43 continues to follow the movement, driving the switching pin 431 to move downward along the first vertical track 451, thereby driving the switching plate 43 to continue to rotate, so that the first scraper slider 4411 continues to rise, and the second scraper slider 4421 continues to descend. When the pin 431 descends and enters the horizontal track 452, it drives the switching pin 431 to complete the rotation, so that the first scraper 441 moves to the upper position and the second scraper 442 moves to the lower position. As the second scraper slider 4421 descends, the second scraper slider 4421 cooperates with the inclined surface on the second limit block 4222, thereby pushing the second unloading plate 422 to overcome the contraction of the second spring 462, so that the second unloading plate 422 and the driving rack 6 are separated, and the second unloading hole 4223 and the discharge hole 411 are always staggered; when the particle silo 41 moves backward, under the action of the first spring 461, the first unloading plate 421 is pushed outward When the first unloading plate 421 and the toothless part at the rear end of the driving rack 6 cooperate, the first unloading plate 421 contracts, so that the discharge hole 411 and the first unloading hole 4213 are disconnected. At this time, the material in the particle bin 41 will not flow out. As the particle bin 41 moves, the first unloading plate 421 extends into the teeth of the driving rack 6, and the first unloading plate 421 extends, so that the discharge hole 411 and the first unloading hole 4213 are connected. When the first unloading plate 421 is pressed against the teeth of the driving rack 6, the first unloading plate 421 overcomes the contraction of the first spring 461, so that the discharge hole 411 and the first unloading hole 4213 are staggered;That is, during the movement, as the pellet silo 41 moves, the first feed plate 421 and the toothless portion at the front end of the driving rack 6 cooperate, and the first feed plate 421 contracts, so that the discharge hole 411 and the first feed hole 4213 are disconnected. At this time, the material in the pellet silo 41 will not flow out, and then when the pellet silo 41 moves, the first feed plate 421 moves back and forth, so that the plastic particles and fibers are evenly scattered on the polyurethane resin, and at the same time, the first stirring pin 4211 is driven to move back and forth, and then the first stirring pin 4211 and the second stirring pin 4213 are connected. When the stirring needle 4221 passes by, the plastic particles and fibers are stirred to fuse with the polyurethane resin to prepare a new composite material. When the second scraper 442 moves backward, the surface of the polyurethane resin can be scraped flat; when the switching pin 431 touches the second track slope 4531, under the action of the second track slope 4531, the switching pin 431 is pushed into the second vertical track 453, the horizontal motor 51 is controlled to stop, and the input pump system 9 is controlled to stop the polyurethane resin from entering the first nozzle group 81, completing the forward material spreading and scraping work. ;

[0066] S3, a curing step,

[0067] When the forward spreading and scraping work is completed, the laser irradiator 2 is started to control the laser of specific wavelength and intensity to irradiate the surface of the new composite material liquid, and complete a layer of drawing work according to the required pattern, so that the new composite material is solidified to the height of one layer; then the lifting motor 14 works to drive the lifting screw 13 to rotate, driving the bottom plate frame 12 and the switching frame 15 to descend to the height of one layer, completing a curing and descending work.

[0068] S4, reverse spreading and scraping step,

[0069] Start the input pump system 9, and spray the polyurethane resin from the first nozzle group 81 through the input pump system 9; start the horizontal motor 51 to drive the horizontal screw 52 to rotate and drive the particle bin 41 to slide forward; because the switching pin 431 is located in the second vertical track 453 at this time, when the switching plate 43 follows the movement, the switching pin 431 first moves upward along the second vertical track 453, so that the switching plate 43 rotates, driving the first scraper slider 4411 to descend and the second scraper slider 4421 to rise. When the switching pin 431 moves to the highest point in the second vertical track 453, the switching plate 43 continues to follow the movement, driving the switching pin 431 to move downward along the second vertical track 453, and then driving the switching plate 43 to continue rotating. The first scraper slider 4411 rotates, causing the first scraper slider 4411 to continue to descend, and the second scraper slider 4421 to continue to ascend. When the switching pin 431 descends and enters the horizontal track 452, it drives the switching pin 431 to complete the reverse rotation, so that the first scraper 441 moves to the lower position, and the second scraper 442 moves to the upper position. As the first scraper slider 4411 descends, the first scraper slider 4411 and the inclined surface on the first limit block 4212 cooperate, thereby pushing the first unloading plate 421 to overcome the contraction of the first spring 461, and the first unloading plate 421 and the driving rack 6 are separated, and the first unloading hole 4213 and the discharge hole 411 are always staggered; when the particle silo 41 moves forward, under the action of the second spring 462, the second unloading plate 4 22 extends outward, and when the second unloading plate 422 and the toothless part at the front end of the driving rack 6 cooperate, the second unloading plate 422 contracts, so that the discharge hole 411 and the second unloading hole 4223 are disconnected. At this time, the material in the particle silo 41 will not flow out. As the particle silo 41 moves, the second unloading plate 422 extends into the teeth of the driving rack 6, so that the discharge hole 411 and the second unloading hole 4223 are connected, and the plastic particles and fibers are evenly scattered on the surface of the polyurethane resin sprayed in the second nozzle group 82. As the particle silo 41 moves, when the second unloading plate 422 presses on the teeth of the driving rack 6, the second unloading plate 422 overcomes the second spring 462 and contracts, so that the discharge hole 411 and the second unloading hole 4223 are connected. When the second unloading plate 422 and the toothless part at the rear end of the driving rack 6 are matched with each other as the particle silo 41 moves, the second unloading plate 422 contracts, so that the discharge hole 411 and the second unloading hole 4223 are disconnected. At this time, the material in the particle silo 41 will not flow out, so that when the particle silo 41 moves, the second unloading plate 422 moves back and forth, so as to realize the uniform scattering of plastic particles and fibers, and at the same time drive the second stirring needle 4221 to move back and forth, and then when the second stirring needle 4221 and the first stirring needle 4211 pass by, the plastic particles and fibers are stirred, so that they are fused with the polyurethane resin to form a new composite material, and when the first scraper 441 moves backward, the surface of the new composite material can be scraped flat;When the switching pin 431 touches the first track slope 4511, the switching pin 431 is pushed into the first vertical track 451 under the action of the first track slope 4511, the horizontal motor 51 is controlled to stop, and the input pump system 9 is controlled to stop the polyurethane resin from entering the second nozzle group 82, completing the reverse material spreading and leveling work. ;

[0070] S5, solidification descending step again,

[0071] When the reverse spreading and scraping work is completed, the laser irradiator 2 is controlled to work, and a layer of drawing work is completed according to the required graphics, so that the new composite material is solidified to the height of a layer. Then, the lifting motor 14 is started to drive the lifting screw 13 to rotate, and the bottom plate frame 12 and the switching frame 15 are driven to descend to the height of a layer, completing the re-solidification and descent work, and the action forms a cycle.

[0072] S6, repeat the work unloading steps,

[0073] By repeatedly executing steps S2 to S5, solidified layers can be stacked layer by layer until the additive manufacturing is completed.

[0074] S7, raw material separation step,

[0075] After the additive manufacturing is completed, the electric push rod 17 is controlled to extend and drive the switching frame 15 to descend, so that the switching frame 15 and the bottom plate frame 12 are staggered to expose the discharge hole 122, so that the polyurethane resin liquid level in the new composite material enters the material pool 3 through the discharge hole 122, so that the plastic particles and fibers remain on the switching frame 15 and the bottom plate frame 12, and the discharge pump system 7 is started to extract the polyurethane resin in the material pool 3, and the lifting motor 14 is controlled to drive the bottom plate frame 12 to rise, and drive the finished additive to rise. Since the switching frame 15 and the bottom plate frame 12 move staggered, the finished additive and the switching frame 15 are separated, which is convenient for workers to remove the additive and complete the unloading. Then the electric push rod 17 is controlled to retract and drive the switching frame 15 to rise, and the bottom plate frame 12 and the switching frame 15 are controlled to form a plane, so that the filtered fibers and plastic particles are easy to recycle, and then the fibers and plastic particles are collected by workers to complete the raw material separation work.

[0076] It should be noted that in the description of this embodiment, the terms "front, back", "left, right", "inside, outside", "upper, lower" and the like indicating directions or positional relationships are all based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. The terms "install", "connect", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be a connection between the insides of two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

Claims

1. A polyurethane composite material additive manufacturing device, comprising a warehouse (11), wherein a lifting platform, a laser irradiator (2), and a nozzle group for spraying polyurethane materials are arranged in the warehouse (11), wherein the lifting platform is constrained in the warehouse (11) and can be lifted up and down, and the laser irradiator (2) is arranged above the lifting platform; characterized in that: Also includes A particle silo (41) for storing plastic particles and / or fibers is constrained in a silo body (11) and driven by a silo driving structure to slide forward and backward, and the particle silo (41) is arranged between a laser irradiator (2) and a lifting platform, and a discharge plate capable of opening and closing the discharge hole is arranged at a discharge hole below the particle silo (41), and a plurality of discharge holes are formed on the discharge plate, and a plurality of stirring needles extending downward to stir materials laid on the lifting platform are arranged at the bottom of the discharge plate; The first scraper (441) and the second scraper (442) are respectively constrained on the outer side walls of the rear and front sides of the particle silo (41) and driven by the scraper driving structure to move up and down. There are two groups of nozzle groups, namely the first nozzle group (81) and the second nozzle group (82). The first nozzle group (81) is installed on the first scraper (441), and the second nozzle group (82) is installed on the second scraper (442); when the particle silo (41) moves from front to back, the second scraper (442) moves down and extends from the bottom of the particle silo (41) to scrape the material laid on the lifting platform, and the first scraper (441) is in an upward retracted position; when the particle silo (41) moves from back to front, the first scraper (441) moves down and extends from the bottom of the particle silo (41) to scrape the material laid on the lifting platform, and the second scraper (442) is in an upward retracted position. The scraper driving structure comprises a switching plate (43) and a track plate (45); A first scraper slider (4411) is provided at the left end of the first scraper, and a first scraper pin (4412) is provided on the first scraper slider (4411); a second scraper slider (4421) is provided at the left end of the second scraper (442), and a second scraper pin (4422) is provided on the second scraper slider (4421); the switching plate (43) is T-shaped, and the middle part of the switching plate (43) is hinged on the left outer wall of the particle silo (41); a switching pin (431) is provided on the vertical arm of the switching plate (43); a first strip-shaped switching groove (432) is provided on the rear side of the horizontal arm at the lower end of the switching plate (43), and a second strip-shaped switching groove (433) is provided on the front side; the first scraper pin (4412) is slidably connected to the first switching groove (432), and the second scraper pin (4422) is slidably connected to the second switching groove (433); The track plate (45) is fixed to the left inner wall of the warehouse body. The track plate (45) is provided with a first vertical track (451), a horizontal track (452) and a second vertical track (453) which are connected to each other. The horizontal track (452) is arranged horizontally along the front-to-back direction. The first vertical track (451) and the second vertical track (453) are respectively arranged at the front and rear ends of the horizontal track (452) and extend upward. The front end of the horizontal track (452) is connected to the first track inclined surface (45 11) is connected to the first vertical track (451), and the rear end of the horizontal track (452) is connected to the second vertical track (453) through the second track inclined surface (4531), and the switching pin (431) can slide along the first vertical track (451), the horizontal track (452) and the second vertical track (453), so that the switching pin (431) can swing relative to the particle silo (41) and thereby drive the first scraper slider (4411) and the second scraper slider (4421) to move up and down.

2. The polyurethane composite material additive manufacturing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The silo driving structure comprises a horizontal motor (51) and a horizontal screw (52). The right side of the particle silo (41) is provided with a protruding driving arm (412). The driving arm (412) is provided with a driving threaded hole (413) penetrating along the front-to-back direction. The horizontal screw (52) is supported in the silo body (11) along the front-to-back direction and is driven by the horizontal motor (51) to rotate around its own axis. The horizontal screw (52) is threadedly connected to the driving threaded hole (413).

3. The polyurethane composite material additive manufacturing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are two unloading plates, namely a first unloading plate (421) and a second unloading plate (422). The first unloading plate (421) is provided with a first unloading hole (4213) and a first stirring needle (4211), and the second unloading plate (422) is provided with a second unloading hole (4223) and a second stirring needle (4221). The first unloading plate (421) and the second unloading plate (422) are arranged side by side in front and back and constrained at the bottom of the particle silo (41) so as to be able to slide left and right. The first unloading plate (421) is maintained in a rightward movement tendency by the action of a first spring (461), and the second unloading plate (422) is maintained in a rightward movement tendency by the action of a second spring (462). The silo body (11) is provided with a spring connected to the first unloading plate (421) and the second unloading plate (422). The right ends of the two feeding plates (422) cooperate with the driving rack (6), and the first feeding plate (421) and the second feeding plate (422) move left and right with the pellet silo (41), and under the action of the driving rack (6), the first feeding plate (421) and the second feeding plate (422) are driven to alternately reciprocate left and right; when the first feeding plate (421) and the second feeding plate (422) move to the left, the first feeding hole (4213) and the second feeding hole (4223) are misaligned with the discharge hole (411) of the pellet silo (41); when the first feeding plate (421) and the second feeding plate (422) move to the right, the first feeding hole (4213) and the second feeding hole (4223) are aligned with the discharge hole (411) of the pellet silo (41).

4. The polyurethane composite material additive manufacturing equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first limit block (4212) is provided on the left side of the first blanking plate (421), and a second limit block (4222) is provided on the left side of the second blanking plate (422); when the first scraper slider (4411) is in a downward moving state, the first scraper slider (4411) clamps the first limit block (4212) to keep the first blanking plate (421) in a leftward moving position and disengage from the driving rack (6); when the first scraper slider (4411) is in an upward moving state , the first scraper slider (4411) is misaligned with the first limit block (4212); when the second scraper slider (4421) is in a downward moving state, the second scraper slider (4421) clamps the second limit block (4222) to keep the first blanking plate (421) in a leftward moving position and disengage from the driving rack (6); when the second scraper slider (4421) is in an upward moving state, the second scraper slider (4421) is misaligned with the second limit block (4222).

5. The polyurethane composite material additive manufacturing equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The right sides of the first limiting block (4212) and the second limiting block (4222) are provided with inclined surfaces.

6. The polyurethane composite material additive manufacturing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting platform comprises a base frame (12) and a switching frame (15) which are arranged to be interlaced with each other, the base frame (12) is provided with a discharge hole (122), the switching frame (15) can move up and down relative to the base frame (12), when the switching frame (15) moves up to the point where its top surface is flush with the base frame (12), the switching frame (15) blocks the discharge hole (122), and the downward movement of the switching frame (15) can open the discharge hole (122); A lifting frame (121) is fixed to the rear side of the base frame (12), and the lifting frame (121) is constrained in the warehouse body (11) and can move up and down. A vertical lifting screw (13) driven to rotate by a lifting motor (14) is provided on the rear side of the warehouse body (11), and the lifting screw (13) is threadedly connected to the lifting frame (121). A plurality of electric push rods (17) are fixed to one side of the lifting frame (121), and the telescopic rods of the electric push rods (17) are connected to the switching frame (15).

7. The polyurethane composite material additive manufacturing equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: A material pool (3) is also provided in the warehouse body (11) below the lifting platform, and also includes a discharge pump system (7) for discharging the material in the material pool (3).

8. A polyurethane composite material additive manufacturing process, characterized in that: The method is manufactured by using the polyurethane composite material additive manufacturing equipment as claimed in claim 7; The following steps are included: S1. Preparation steps, The electric push rod (17) is retracted, so that the switching frame (15) and the bottom frame (12) are closed, so that the bottom frame (12) and the switching frame (15) form a plane, and the uniformly stirred plastic particles and fibers are added into the particle silo (41). In the initial state, the particle silo (41) is located near the front side; S2, forward spreading and leveling step, The polyurethane resin is sprayed out from the first nozzle group (81), the hopper driving structure drives the particle hopper (41) to slide backward, the discharge plate opens the discharge hole, the scraper driving structure drives the second scraper (442) to move downward and the first scraper (441) to move upward, as the particle hopper (41) slides backward, plastic particles and fibers flow out from the discharge hole on the discharge plate, and the plastic particles and fibers are evenly scattered on the surface of the polyurethane resin sprayed from the first nozzle group (81) located in front of the moving direction, the stirring of the discharge plate stirs the plastic particles and fibers so that they are fused with the polyurethane resin to prepare a new composite material, and the second scraper (442) located in the rear of the moving direction also moves backward to scrape the surface of the polyurethane resin flat; the particle hopper (41) moves to the rearmost position, the first nozzle group (81) stops spraying the polyurethane resin, and the discharge plate closes the discharge hole; S3, a curing step, The laser irradiator (2) is started to irradiate the surface of the new composite material liquid, and a drawing operation of a layer is completed according to the required pattern, so that the new composite material is solidified to the height of a layer; then the lifting motor (14) is driven to drive the lifting platform to descend to the height of a layer, completing a solidification descent operation; S4, reverse spreading and scraping step, The polyurethane resin is sprayed out from the second nozzle group (82), the hopper driving structure drives the particle hopper (41) to slide forward, the discharge plate opens the discharge hole, the scraper driving structure drives the first scraper (441) to move downward and the second scraper (442) to move upward, as the particle hopper (41) slides forward, plastic particles and fibers flow out from the discharge hole on the discharge plate, and the plastic particles and fibers are evenly scattered on the surface of the polyurethane resin sprayed from the second nozzle group (82) located in front of the moving direction, the stirring of the discharge plate stirs the plastic particles and fibers so that they are fused with the polyurethane resin to prepare a new composite material, and the first scraper (441) located in the rear of the moving direction also moves backward to scrape the surface of the polyurethane resin flat; the particle hopper (41) moves to the frontmost position, the second nozzle group (82) stops spraying the polyurethane resin, and the discharge plate closes the discharge hole; S5, solidification descending step again, The laser irradiator (2) is started to irradiate the surface of the new composite material liquid, and a second-level drawing operation is completed according to a required pattern, so that the new composite material is solidified again by a layer height; then the lifting platform is lowered again by a layer height, and the re-solidification lowering operation is completed; S6, repeat the work unloading steps, By repeatedly executing steps S2 to S5, solidified layers can be stacked layer by layer until the additive manufacturing is completed.

9. The polyurethane composite material additive manufacturing process according to claim 8, characterized in that: The step S7 also includes the following steps: The electric push rod (17) extends outward to push the switching frame (15) downward relative to the bottom frame (12), and the bottom frame (12) and the switching frame (15) are mutually offset to open the discharge hole, so that the polyurethane resin liquid level in the new composite material is discharged to the material pool (3) through the discharge hole, and the discharge pump system (7) is started to extract the polyurethane resin in the material pool (3), so that the plastic particles and fibers remain on the bottom frame (12) and the switching frame (15); the lifting platform rises, driving the finished additive material to rise, and the additive material is taken out of the bin body (11); the electric push rod (17) retracts inward to drive the switching frame (15) to rise relative to the bottom frame (12), and the bottom frame (12) and the switching frame (15) are flush with each other, and the fiber and plastic particles are collected by workers to complete the raw material separation work.

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