Transplanting and cultivating method for improving survival rate of shiny-leaved yellowhorn saplings

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of xanthoceras sorbifolia bunge, and discloses a transplanting cultivation method for improving the survival rate of xanthoceras sorbifolia bunge seedlings. Comprising the following steps: S1, fry selection; s2, paying off; s3, digging holes; s4, performing primary backfilling; s5, sapling placement; s6, secondary backfilling is conducted; s7, carrying out cofferdam on the plant pits; s8, watering; s9, topdressing; s10, soil loosening and weeding; according to the scheme, in the transplanting process of shiny-leaved yellowhorn seedlings, it is guaranteed that roots of the shiny-leaved yellowhorn are more convenient to root and grow in the growth process by adopting the mode that large pits are dug and then backfilled, planting pits are backfilled with 3500-6000 g of smashed straw, then the planting pits are backfilled with surface soil mixed with decomposed farmyard manure, the proportion of the surface soil to the farmyard manure is 5: 1, and therefore the shiny-leaved yellowhorn seedlings are transplanted. According to the method, the situation that insect organisms are generated in the shiny-leaved yellowhorn growth process to affect shiny-leaved yellowhorn production is avoided, meanwhile, nutrition in the nearby shiny-leaved yellowhorn growth area is increased, and the shiny-leaved yellowhorn growth stability is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of Xanthoceras sorbifolia, and specifically relates to a transplanting and cultivating method for improving the survival rate of Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings. Background Art

[0002] Xanthoceras sorbifolia, a deciduous shrub or small tree of the Sapindaceae family and the genus Xanthoceras, can reach 5 meters in height, with brown-red and thick twigs, leaves and petioles up to 30 cm long, leaflets opposite, slightly asymmetrical on both sides, gradually pointed at the apex, cuneate at the base, with sharp serrations on the edges, bisexual inflorescences terminal, male inflorescences axillary, erect, short peduncle, petals white, purple-red or yellow at the base, horn-like appendages of the disc orange-yellow, filaments glabrous; capsules up to 6 cm long, seeds black and shiny, flowering in spring, fruiting in early autumn, Xanthoceras sorbifolia has always survived transplantation The traditional method of transplanting and cultivating methods to improve the survival rate of Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings mainly relies on careful selection of seedlings, reasonable planting density, appropriate land preparation methods and post-planting management. However, these traditional methods often have certain shortcomings, such as seedlings are easily damaged during transplanting, uneven soil backfill, improper water management and other problems, which may lead to low survival rate of seedlings and affect the planting benefits of Xanthoceras sorbifolia. To this end, we proposed a transplanting and cultivating method to improve the survival rate of Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a transplanting and cultivating method for improving the survival rate of Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings, which effectively solves the above problem.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical scheme: a transplanting and cultivating method for improving the survival rate of Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings, comprising the following steps: S1, seedling selection: selecting Xanthoceras sorbifolia cup seedlings with good growth potential, the seedling cup specifications are 20 cm in diameter and 25 cm in height;

[0005] S2. Laying out the lines: Sprinkle white ash on the ground according to the pre-arranged planting density of Xanthoceras sorbifolia to observe the planting area of ​​Xanthoceras sorbifolia;

[0006] S3. Digging a pit: digging a Xanthoceras sorbifolia planting pit with a depth of 55-65 cm and a diameter of 45-55 cm at the Xanthoceras sorbifolia planting site;

[0007] S4. Backfilling once: Backfill 35-45 cm of soil into the Xanthoceras sorbifolia planting pit. The soil does not need to be compacted to ensure that the upper part of the root of the Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedling is slightly lower than or level with the ground.

[0008] S5. Place the seedling: Slide and open the sides and bottom of the cup seedling with a knife, but do not separate the seedling cup from the soil, and then place the cup seedling in the middle of the planting pit;

[0009] S6. Secondary backfilling: Fill the planting soil to the root of the Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings, completely cover the seedling cup with the planting soil, and compact the soil with your feet;

[0010] S7. Tree pit cofferdam: With the sapling as the center, make a truncated cone-shaped soil pile, and compact the outside of the soil pile with an iron tamp. The diameter of the truncated cone is 70-90cm wide. The top of the soil pile is sunken near the sapling to form a water storage pit, waiting for watering;

[0011] S8, watering: The amount of water is adjusted according to the soil. It is necessary to water thoroughly at one time, and then cover with a layer of dry soil to maintain humidity to prevent it from being quickly dried by the wind. Water 3-5 times in the planting year, and the amount of water is slightly smaller;

[0012] S9, topdressing: 5-10 days after watering, 1000-2000g of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer mixed with 5-10kg of clean water was poured into the soil near the Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings, with the watering point 40-70cm away from the main stem of the Xanthoceras sorbifolia. 10-20kg of urea was applied after 20-50 days;

[0013] S10, loosening the soil and weeding. After planting, weeding should be carried out in time according to the situation in the field, and loosening the soil should be carried out within 30-50 days.

[0014] Preferably, site selection and land preparation: For planting Xanthoceras sorbifolia, choose a place with deep soil layer, sheltered from the wind and facing the sun, and high terrain, try to avoid low-lying land with accumulation of water and heavy saline-alkali land. There are four types of land preparation: comprehensive land preparation, strip land preparation, block land preparation, and fish scale pit land preparation. Comprehensive land preparation is suitable for flat terrain, deep soil layer, overgrown weeds and heavy clay soil, with a land preparation depth of 25-40cm. Strip land preparation is suitable for hilly and sandy land, with a belt width of more than two meters, and the belt spacing depends on the row spacing. Terraces and horizontal ditches should be built in mountainous areas with steeper slopes. Block land preparation is suitable for mountainous areas and loess hills, and is carried out according to the terrain, while fish scale pits should be constructed according to the plant spacing and the row spacing. The pit depth is 60-80cm.

[0015] Preferably, the planting density is: in mountainous and sandy areas with poor soil and lack of fertilizer sources, the distance between Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings is 2m*3m; in more fertile mountainous areas or hills, the distance between Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings is 3m*4m; in areas with deep, fertile soil and good water and fertilizer conditions, the distance between Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings is 4m*5m.

[0016] Preferably, the planting time is from early April to early May.

[0017] Preferably, when backfilling S4 once, 3500-6000g of crushed straw needs to be backfilled first, and then topsoil mixed with decomposed farmyard manure is backfilled, with the ratio of topsoil to farmyard manure being 5:1, until the topsoil surface is about 20cm from the ground.

[0018] Preferably, after watering in S8, a plastic film needs to be covered for heat preservation and moisture retention.

[0019] Preferably, pest control: Xanthoceras sorbifolia mainly suffers from chlorosis, damping-off, sooty mold, psyllids, black velvet beetles and root-knot nematodes. The treatment of chlorosis is to strengthen the intertillage and loosening of the soil during the seedling stage, eradicate the diseased plants, and clean up the weeds in time. For damping-off, 600 times of 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder or 1500 times of 5% jinggangmycin aqueous solution or 1200 times of 20% methyl tolclofos emulsifiable concentrate should be sprayed for pest control. For sooty mold, first of all, management should be strengthened during the seedling stage, intertillage and weeding should be carried out in time, and 800 times of carbendazim should be used. Spray the solution 2-3 times continuously, with an interval of 7-10 days each time. In early spring, spray 50% dimethoate EC at a dilution of 2000 times. For psyllids, remove the fallen weeds near the Xanthoceras sorbifolia trees and eliminate the overwintering adults. Spray 5 waves of liquid medicine in early spring or at the initial stage. The liquid medicine is a mixture of Meidu lime sulfur, 25% bromide emulsifiable concentrate at a dilution of 2500 times, or 25% Gongfu emulsifiable concentrate at a dilution of 2000 times. Alternatively, use 10% imidacloprid water-dispersible granules WG1:1500 dilution, 3% acetamiprid EC20 00 times liquid, 1.8% avermectin EC 3000 times liquid spray to the leaves and tree body, the solution to black velvet beetle is to use insecticidal lamps to lure and catch manually, take advantage of the adult's feigned death, shock the tree body at 7 or 8 pm for artificial capture, use 50% phoxim EC to make soil granules or poison water to sprinkle under the tree canopy to kill the larvae, spray with 80% dichlorvos EC 100 times liquid or 50% cypermethrin EC 1000 times liquid, and spray with 2.5 2000 times diluted % cypermethrin, spraying time is 6:00 to 8:00 in the morning. For root-knot nematodes, dig deep in the soil near the roots under the tree tray of diseased plants in winter, remove the roots affected by root-knot nematodes, and remove the diseased roots in time and burn them in the orchard. Dig a pit 20-30cm away from the main pole, with a depth of 15-25cm, inject 200g of dibromopropane granules per plant, 200g of clozolin granules per plant, or 200g of sulfamethoxam granules per plant, cover the soil and water after application.

[0020] Preferably, the cup of the Xanthoceras sorbifolia cup seedlings is made of rice husk, with a layer of plastic film attached to the outside. The plastic film is torn off before planting, and the cup is cut into large holes without being separated from the soil.

[0021] Preferably, after planting, it is necessary to set up pillars near the Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings, and the Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings are fixed at a distance of 60 cm from the ground. Wooden poles or metal pipes are used to provide auxiliary support for the Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings to prevent the tops of the Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings from being broken by the wind.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. In the process of transplanting Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings, the present invention adopts a method of digging a large pit and then backfilling it to ensure that the roots of Xanthoceras sorbifolia are more convenient to take root and grow during the growth process. By backfilling 3500-6000g of crushed straw in the planting pit, and then backfilling topsoil mixed with decomposed farmyard manure, the ratio of topsoil to farmyard manure is 5:1, until the surface of the topsoil is about 20cm from the ground, it is avoided that insects are generated during the growth of Xanthoceras sorbifolia to affect the production of Xanthoceras sorbifolia, and at the same time, the nutrition of the area near the growth of Xanthoceras sorbifolia is increased, and the growth stability of Xanthoceras sorbifolia is improved;

[0024] 2. The present invention adopts cup seedlings for transplanting and planting. The cup of the Xanthoceras sorbifolia cup seedlings is made of rice husk, and a layer of plastic film is attached to the outside. The plastic film is torn off before planting, and the cup is cut with large holes but not separated from the soil, thereby avoiding root damage of the seedlings during the transplanting process while maintaining the original soil, so that the Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings will not be at risk of death due to sudden replacement of the growth soil. At the same time, after the rice husk cup is decomposed, fertility is generated to help the growth of the Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings. At the same time, after the rice husk cup is decomposed, the risk of insect pests at the roots of the seedlings can be reduced;

[0025] 3. The present invention sets up pillars near the Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings, fixes the Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings at a distance of 60 cm from the ground, and uses wooden poles or metal pipes to provide auxiliary support for the Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings, thereby preventing the tops of the Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings from being broken by wind and improving the growth stability of the Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0027] In the attached picture:

[0028] Figure 1 The figure is a flow chart of the method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments; based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Embodiment 1:

[0031] See also Figure 1 , a method for using a transplanting and cultivating method for improving the survival rate of Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings, comprising the following steps:

[0032] S1. Seedling selection: Select Xanthoceras sorbifolia cup seedlings with good growth, the specifications of the seedling cup are 20cm in diameter and 25cm in height;

[0033] S2. Laying out the lines: Sprinkle white ash on the ground according to the pre-arranged planting density of Xanthoceras sorbifolia to observe the planting area of ​​Xanthoceras sorbifolia;

[0034] S3. Digging a pit: digging a Xanthoceras sorbifolia planting pit with a depth of 55 cm and a diameter of 45 cm at the Xanthoceras sorbifolia planting site;

[0035] S4. Backfill once: fill the Xanthoceras sorbifolia planting pit with 35 cm of soil. The soil does not need to be compacted to ensure that the upper part of the root of the Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedling is slightly lower than or level with the ground.

[0036] S5. Place the seedling: Slide and open the sides and bottom of the cup seedling with a knife, but do not separate the seedling cup from the soil, and then place the cup seedling in the middle of the planting pit;

[0037] S6. Secondary backfilling: Fill the planting soil to the root of the Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings, completely cover the seedling cup with the planting soil, and compact the soil with your feet;

[0038] S7. Tree pit cofferdam: Make a truncated cone-shaped soil pile with the sapling as the center, and compact the outside of the soil pile with an iron rod. The diameter of the cone is 70 cm wide. The top of the soil pile is sunken near the sapling to form a water storage pit, waiting for watering;

[0039] S8, watering: The amount of water is adjusted according to the soil. It is necessary to water thoroughly at one time, and then cover with a layer of dry soil to maintain humidity to prevent it from being quickly dried by the wind. Water 3-5 times in the planting year, and the amount of water is slightly smaller;

[0040] S9, topdressing: 5-10 days after watering, 1000g of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer mixed with 5kg of clean water was poured into the soil near the Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings, with the watering point 40cm away from the main stem of the Xanthoceras sorbifolia. 10kg of urea was applied after 20 days;

[0041] S10, loosening the soil and weeding. After planting, weeding should be carried out in time according to the situation in the field, and loosening the soil should be carried out within 30 days.

[0042] Site selection and land preparation: For planting Xanthoceras sorbifolia, choose places with deep soil, sheltered from the wind and facing the sun, and high terrain. Try to avoid low-lying land with accumulation of water and heavy saline-alkali land. There are four types of land preparation: comprehensive land preparation, strip land preparation, block land preparation, and fish scale pit land preparation. Comprehensive land preparation is suitable for flat terrain, deep soil, overgrown weeds and heavy clay soil. The land preparation depth is 25-40cm. Strip land preparation is suitable for hilly and sandy land. The belt width is more than two meters, and the belt spacing depends on the row spacing. Terraces and horizontal ditches should be built in mountainous areas with steeper slopes. Block land preparation is suitable for mountainous areas and loess hills, and is carried out according to the terrain. Fish scale pits should be constructed according to the plant spacing and the row spacing. The pit depth is 60-80cm.

[0043] Planting density: In mountainous and sandy areas with poor soil and lack of fertilizer sources, the distance between Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings is 2m*3m. In more fertile mountainous areas or hills, the distance between Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings is 3m*4m. In areas with deep, fertile soil and good water and fertilizer conditions, the distance between Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings is 4m*5m. The more suitable the planting area is for the growth of Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings, the sparser the planting needs to be, because it is necessary to ensure the reproductive space for the Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings after they grow up.

[0044] The planting time is from early April to early May.

[0045] When backfilling S4 once, you need to backfill 3500g of crushed straw first, and then backfill topsoil mixed with decomposed farmyard manure. The ratio of topsoil to farmyard manure is 5:1, until the surface of the topsoil is about 20cm from the ground.

[0046] S8 After watering, it needs to be covered with plastic film to keep warm and moist.

[0047] Pest and disease control: Xanthoceras sorbifolia mainly suffers from chlorosis, damping-off, sooty mold, psyllids, black velvet beetles and root-knot nematodes. The treatment of chlorosis is to strengthen the intertillage and loosening of the soil during the seedling stage, eradicate the diseased plants, and clean up the weeds in time. For damping-off, it is necessary to spray 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 600 times diluted or 5% jinggangmycin aqueous solution 1500 times diluted or 20% methyl tolclofos emulsifiable concentrate 1200 times diluted for pest control. For sooty mold, first of all, the seedling stage should be strengthened, the intertillage and weeding should be timely, and 800 times diluted carbendazim should be used for continuous spraying. Spray 2-3 times, each time with an interval of 7-10 days. In early spring, spray 50% dimethoate EC 2000 times. The treatment method for psyllids is to remove the fallen leaves and weeds near the Xanthoceras sorbifolia trees and eliminate the overwintering adults. In early spring or the initial outbreak stage, spray 5 waves of medicine, the medicine is Meidu lime sulfur mixture, 25% bromide emulsifiable concentrate 2500 times, or 25% Gongfu emulsifiable concentrate 2000 times for prevention and control, or use 10% imidacloprid water-dispersible granules WG1:1500 diluted medicine, 3% acetamiprid EC2000 1.8% avermectin EC 3000 times liquid spray to the leaves and tree body, the solution to black velvet beetle is to use insecticidal lamps to lure and catch manually, take advantage of the adult's feigned death, shock the tree body at 7 or 8 pm for artificial capture, use 50% phoxim EC to make soil granules or poison water to sprinkle under the tree canopy to kill the larvae, use 80% dichlorvos EC 100 times liquid or 50% cypermethrin EC 1000 times liquid for spraying, and when an outbreak occurs, spray with 2.5% 2000 times diluted cypermethrin, spraying time is 6:00 to 8:00 in the morning, for the control of root-knot nematodes, in winter, dig deep the soil near the roots under the tree tray of the diseased plants, remove the roots affected by the root-knot nematodes, and remove the diseased roots in time and burn them in the orchard. Dig a pit 20-30cm away from the main pole, with a depth of 15-25cm, inject 200g of dibromopropane granules per plant, 200g of clozolin granules per plant, or 200g of sulfamethoxam granules per plant, cover the soil and water after application.

[0048] The cup of the Xanthoceras sorbifolia cup seedling is made of rice husk, with a layer of plastic film attached to the outside. The plastic film is torn off before planting, and the cup is cut into large holes but not separated from the soil.

[0049] After planting, it is necessary to set up pillars near the Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings. The seedlings should be fixed 60 cm above the ground, and wooden poles or metal pipes should be used to provide auxiliary support for the seedlings to prevent the tops of the seedlings from being broken by the wind.

[0050] Embodiment 2:

[0051] See also Figure 1 , a method for using a transplanting and cultivating method for improving the survival rate of Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings, comprising the following steps:

[0052] S1. Seedling selection: Select Xanthoceras sorbifolia cup seedlings with good growth, the specifications of the seedling cup are 20cm in diameter and 25cm in height;

[0053] S2. Laying out the lines: Sprinkle white ash on the ground according to the pre-arranged planting density of Xanthoceras sorbifolia to observe the planting area of ​​Xanthoceras sorbifolia;

[0054] S3. Digging a pit: digging a Xanthoceras sorbifolia planting pit with a depth of 65 cm and a diameter of 55 cm at the Xanthoceras sorbifolia planting site;

[0055] S4. Backfill once: fill the Xanthoceras sorbifolia planting pit with 45 cm of soil. The soil does not need to be compacted to ensure that the upper part of the root of the Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedling is slightly lower than or level with the ground.

[0056] S5. Place the seedling: Slide and open the sides and bottom of the cup seedling with a knife, but do not separate the seedling cup from the soil, and then place the cup seedling in the middle of the planting pit;

[0057] S6. Secondary backfilling: Fill the planting soil to the root of the Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings, completely cover the seedling cup with the planting soil, and compact the soil with your feet;

[0058] S7. Tree pit cofferdam: With the sapling as the center, make a truncated cone-shaped soil pile, and use an iron tamp to compact the outside of the soil pile. The diameter of the cone is 90cm wide, and the top of the soil pile is sunken near the sapling to form a water storage pit, waiting for watering;

[0059] S8, watering: The amount of water is adjusted according to the soil. It is necessary to water thoroughly at one time, and then cover with a layer of dry soil to maintain humidity to prevent it from being quickly dried by the wind. Water 3-5 times in the planting year, and the amount of water is slightly smaller;

[0060] S9, topdressing: 10 days after watering, mix 2000g of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer with 10kg of clean water and pour it into the soil near the Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings. The watering point should be 70cm away from the main stem of the Xanthoceras sorbifolia. 50 days after watering, topdress 20kg of urea.

[0061] S10, loosening the soil and weeding. After planting, weeding should be carried out in time according to the situation in the field, and loosening the soil should be carried out within 30-50 days.

[0062] Site selection and land preparation: For planting Xanthoceras sorbifolia, choose places with deep soil, sheltered from the wind and facing the sun, and high terrain. Try to avoid low-lying areas with accumulated water and heavy saline-alkali land. There are four types of land preparation: comprehensive land preparation, strip land preparation, block land preparation, and fish scale pit land preparation. Comprehensive land preparation is suitable for flat terrain, deep soil, overgrown weeds, and heavy clay soil. The land preparation depth is 40cm. Strip land preparation is suitable for hilly and sandy land. The belt width is more than two meters, and the belt spacing depends on the row spacing. Terraces and horizontal ditches should be built in mountainous areas with steeper slopes. Block land preparation is suitable for mountainous areas and loess hills, and is carried out according to the terrain. Fish scale pits should be constructed according to the plant spacing and the row spacing is fixed to a customized pit depth of 80cm.

[0063] Planting density: In mountainous and sandy areas with poor soil and lack of fertilizer sources, the distance between Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings is 2m*3m. In more fertile mountainous areas or hills, the distance between Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings is 3m*4m. In areas with deep, fertile soil and good water and fertilizer conditions, the distance between Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings is 4m*5m. The more suitable the planting area is for the growth of Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings, the sparser the planting needs to be, because it is necessary to ensure the reproductive space for the Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings after they grow up.

[0064] The planting time is from early April to early May.

[0065] When backfilling S4 once, you need to backfill 6000g of crushed straw first, and then backfill topsoil mixed with decomposed farmyard manure. The ratio of topsoil to farmyard manure is 5:1, until the surface of the topsoil is about 20cm from the ground.

[0066] S8 After watering, it needs to be covered with plastic film to keep warm and moist.

[0067] Pest and disease control: Xanthoceras sorbifolia mainly suffers from chlorosis, damping-off, sooty mold, psyllids, black velvet beetles and root-knot nematodes. The treatment of chlorosis is to strengthen the intertillage and loosening of the soil during the seedling stage, eradicate the diseased plants, and clean up the weeds in time. For damping-off, it is necessary to spray 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 600 times diluted or 5% jinggangmycin aqueous solution 1500 times diluted or 20% methyl tolclofos emulsifiable concentrate 1200 times diluted for pest control. For sooty mold, first of all, the seedling stage should be strengthened, the intertillage and weeding should be timely, and 800 times diluted carbendazim should be used for continuous spraying. Spray 2-3 times, each time with an interval of 7-10 days. In early spring, spray 50% dimethoate EC 2000 times. The treatment method for psyllids is to remove the fallen leaves and weeds near the Xanthoceras sorbifolia trees and eliminate the overwintering adults. In early spring or the initial outbreak stage, spray 5 waves of medicine, the medicine is Meidu lime sulfur mixture, 25% bromide emulsifiable concentrate 2500 times, or 25% Gongfu emulsifiable concentrate 2000 times for prevention and control, or use 10% imidacloprid water-dispersible granules WG1:1500 diluted medicine, 3% acetamiprid EC2000 1.8% avermectin EC 3000 times liquid spray to the leaves and tree body, the solution to black velvet beetle is to use insecticidal lamps to lure and catch manually, take advantage of the adult's feigned death, shock the tree body at 7 or 8 pm for artificial capture, use 50% phoxim EC to make soil granules or poison water to sprinkle under the tree canopy to kill the larvae, use 80% dichlorvos EC 100 times liquid or 50% cypermethrin EC 1000 times liquid for spraying, and when an outbreak occurs, spray with 2.5% 2000 times diluted cypermethrin, spraying time is 6:00 to 8:00 in the morning, for the control of root-knot nematodes, in winter, dig deep the soil near the roots under the tree tray of the diseased plants, remove the roots affected by the root-knot nematodes, and remove the diseased roots in time and burn them in the orchard. Dig a pit 20-30cm away from the main pole, with a depth of 15-25cm, inject 200g of dibromopropane granules per plant, 200g of clozolin granules per plant, or 200g of sulfamethoxam granules per plant, cover the soil and water after application.

[0068] The cup of the Xanthoceras sorbifolia cup seedling is made of rice husk, with a layer of plastic film attached to the outside. The plastic film is torn off before planting, and the cup is cut into large holes but not separated from the soil.

[0069] After planting, it is necessary to set up pillars near the Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings. The seedlings should be fixed 60 cm above the ground, and wooden poles or metal pipes should be used to provide auxiliary support for the seedlings to prevent the tops of the seedlings from being broken by the wind.

[0070] Embodiment 3:

[0071] See also Figure 1 , a method for using a transplanting and cultivating method for improving the survival rate of Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings, comprising the following steps:

[0072] S1. Seedling selection: Select Xanthoceras sorbifolia cup seedlings with good growth, the specifications of the seedling cup are 20cm in diameter and 25cm in height;

[0073] S2. Laying out the lines: Sprinkle white ash on the ground according to the pre-arranged planting density of Xanthoceras sorbifolia to observe the planting area of ​​Xanthoceras sorbifolia;

[0074] S3. Digging a pit: digging a Xanthoceras sorbifolia planting pit with a depth of 60 cm and a diameter of 50 cm at the Xanthoceras sorbifolia planting site;

[0075] S4. Backfill once: fill the Xanthoceras sorbifolia planting pit with 40 cm of soil. The soil does not need to be compacted to ensure that the upper part of the root of the Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedling is slightly lower than or level with the ground.

[0076] S5. Place the seedling: Slide and open the sides and bottom of the cup seedling with a knife, but do not separate the seedling cup from the soil, and then place the cup seedling in the middle of the planting pit;

[0077] S6. Secondary backfilling: Fill the planting soil to the root of the Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings, completely cover the seedling cup with the planting soil, and compact the soil with your feet;

[0078] S7. Tree pit cofferdam: With the sapling as the center, make a truncated cone-shaped soil pile, and compact the outside of the soil pile with an iron tamp. The diameter of the truncated cone is 80cm wide. The top of the soil pile is sunken near the sapling to form a water storage pit, waiting for watering;

[0079] S8, watering: The amount of water is adjusted according to the soil. It is necessary to water thoroughly at one time, and then cover with a layer of dry soil to maintain humidity to prevent it from being quickly dried by the wind. Water 3-5 times in the planting year, and the amount of water is slightly smaller;

[0080] S9, topdressing: 7 days after watering, mix 1500g of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer with 8kg of clean water and pour it into the soil near the Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings. The watering point should be 60cm away from the main stem of the Xanthoceras sorbifolia. 40 days after watering, topdress 15kg of urea.

[0081] S10, loosening the soil and weeding. After planting, weeding should be carried out in time according to the situation in the field, and loosening the soil should be carried out within 40 days.

[0082] Site selection and land preparation: For planting Xanthoceras sorbifolia, choose places with deep soil, sheltered from the wind and facing the sun, and high terrain. Try to avoid low-lying areas with accumulated water and heavy saline-alkali land. There are four types of land preparation: comprehensive land preparation, strip land preparation, block land preparation, and fish scale pit land preparation. Comprehensive land preparation is suitable for flat terrain, deep soil, overgrown weeds, and heavy clay soil. The land preparation depth is 37cm. Strip land preparation is suitable for hilly and sandy land. The belt width is more than two meters, and the belt spacing depends on the row spacing. Terraces and horizontal ditches should be built in mountainous areas with steeper slopes. Block land preparation is suitable for mountainous areas and loess hills, and is carried out according to the terrain. Fish scale pits should be constructed according to the plant spacing and the row spacing is fixed to a customized pit depth of 70cm.

[0083] Planting density: In mountainous and sandy areas with poor soil and lack of fertilizer sources, the distance between Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings is 2m*3m. In more fertile mountainous areas or hills, the distance between Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings is 3m*4m. In areas with deep, fertile soil and good water and fertilizer conditions, the distance between Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings is 4m*5m. The more suitable the planting area is for the growth of Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings, the sparser the planting needs to be, because it is necessary to ensure the reproductive space for the Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings after they grow up.

[0084] The planting time is from early April to early May.

[0085] When backfilling S4 once, you need to backfill 5000g of crushed straw first, and then backfill topsoil mixed with decomposed farmyard manure. The ratio of topsoil to farmyard manure is 5:1, until the surface of the topsoil is about 20cm from the ground.

[0086] S8 After watering, it needs to be covered with plastic film to keep warm and moist.

[0087] Pest and disease control: Xanthoceras sorbifolia mainly suffers from chlorosis, damping-off, sooty mold, psyllids, black velvet beetles and root-knot nematodes. The treatment of chlorosis is to strengthen the intertillage and loosening of the soil during the seedling stage, eradicate the diseased plants, and clean up the weeds in time. For damping-off, it is necessary to spray 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 600 times diluted or 5% jinggangmycin aqueous solution 1500 times diluted or 20% methyl tolclofos emulsifiable concentrate 1200 times diluted for pest control. For sooty mold, first of all, the seedling stage should be strengthened, the intertillage and weeding should be timely, and 800 times diluted carbendazim should be used for continuous spraying. Spray 2-3 times, each time with an interval of 7-10 days. In early spring, spray 50% dimethoate EC 2000 times. The treatment method for psyllids is to remove the fallen leaves and weeds near the Xanthoceras sorbifolia trees and eliminate the overwintering adults. In early spring or the initial outbreak stage, spray 5 waves of medicine, the medicine is Meidu lime sulfur mixture, 25% bromide emulsifiable concentrate 2500 times, or 25% Gongfu emulsifiable concentrate 2000 times for prevention and control, or use 10% imidacloprid water-dispersible granules WG1:1500 diluted medicine, 3% acetamiprid EC2000 1.8% avermectin EC 3000 times liquid spray to the leaves and tree body, the solution to black velvet beetle is to use insecticidal lamps to lure and catch manually, take advantage of the adult's feigned death, shock the tree body at 7 or 8 pm for artificial capture, use 50% phoxim EC to make soil granules or poison water to sprinkle under the tree canopy to kill the larvae, use 80% dichlorvos EC 100 times liquid or 50% cypermethrin EC 1000 times liquid for spraying, and when an outbreak occurs, spray with 2.5% 2000 times diluted cypermethrin, spraying time is 6:00 to 8:00 in the morning, for the control of root-knot nematodes, in winter, dig deep the soil near the roots under the tree tray of the diseased plants, remove the roots affected by the root-knot nematodes, and remove the diseased roots in time and burn them in the orchard. Dig a pit 20-30cm away from the main pole, with a depth of 15-25cm, inject 200g of dibromopropane granules per plant, 200g of clozolin granules per plant, or 200g of sulfamethoxam granules per plant, cover the soil and water after application.

[0088] The cup of the Xanthoceras sorbifolia cup seedling is made of rice husk, with a layer of plastic film attached to the outside. The plastic film is torn off before planting, and the cup is cut into large holes but not separated from the soil.

[0089] After planting, it is necessary to set up pillars near the Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings. The seedlings should be fixed 60 cm above the ground, and wooden poles or metal pipes should be used to provide auxiliary support for the seedlings to prevent the tops of the seedlings from being broken by the wind.

[0090] One hundred mu of high-quality land was selected for the experiment. After 15 days of planting, the roots of the Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings in each experimental area were observed. It was found that most of the roots of the Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings in the experimental area had grown hairy roots and fine roots. It was found that the survival rate of the Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings planted according to Example 3 was higher, with a survival rate of up to 92.5%. The second was the survival of the Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings planted according to Example 2, with a survival rate of up to 91.15%. The Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings planted by the method of Example 1 survived, with a survival rate of up to 90.75%.

Claims

1. A transplanting and cultivation method for improving the survival rate of Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Seedling selection: Select Xanthoceras sorbifolia cup seedlings with good growth, the specifications of the seedling cup are 20cm in diameter and 25cm in height; S2. Laying out the lines: Sprinkle white ash on the ground according to the pre-arranged planting density of Xanthoceras sorbifolia to observe the planting area of ​​Xanthoceras sorbifolia; S3. Digging a pit: digging a Xanthoceras sorbifolia planting pit with a depth of 55-65 cm and a diameter of 45-55 cm at the Xanthoceras sorbifolia planting site; S4. Backfill once: fill the X. sorbifolia planting pit with 35-45 cm of soil. The soil does not need to be compacted to ensure that the upper part of the root of the X. sorbifolia seedling is slightly lower than or level with the ground. S5. Place the seedling: Slide and open the sides and bottom of the cup seedling with a knife, but do not separate the seedling cup from the soil, and then place the cup seedling in the middle of the planting pit; S6. Secondary backfilling: Fill the planting soil to the root of the Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings, completely cover the seedling cup with the planting soil, and compact the soil with your feet; S7. Tree pit cofferdam: With the sapling as the center, make a truncated cone-shaped soil pile, and compact the outside of the soil pile with an iron tamp. The diameter of the truncated cone is 70-90cm wide. The top of the soil pile is sunken near the sapling to form a water storage pit, waiting for watering; S8, watering: The amount of water is adjusted according to the soil. It is necessary to water thoroughly at one time, and then cover with a layer of dry soil to maintain humidity to prevent it from being quickly dried by the wind. Water 3-5 times in the planting year, and the amount of water is slightly smaller; S9, topdressing: 5-10 days after watering, 1000-2000g of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer mixed with 5-10kg of clean water was poured into the soil near the Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings, with the watering point 40-70cm away from the main stem of the Xanthoceras sorbifolia. 10-20kg of urea was applied after 20-50 days; S10, loosening the soil and weeding. After planting, weeding should be carried out in time according to the situation in the field, and loosening the soil should be carried out within 30-50 days.

2. A transplanting and cultivating method for improving the survival rate of Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: Site selection and land preparation: For planting Xanthoceras sorbifolia, choose places with deep soil, sheltered from the wind and facing the sun, and high terrain. Try to avoid low-lying land with accumulation of water and heavy saline-alkali land. There are four types of land preparation: comprehensive land preparation, strip land preparation, block land preparation, and fish scale pit land preparation. Comprehensive land preparation is suitable for flat terrain, deep soil, overgrown weeds and heavy clay soil. The land preparation depth is 25-40cm. Strip land preparation is suitable for hilly and sandy land. The belt width is more than two meters, and the belt spacing depends on the row spacing. Terraces and horizontal ditches should be built in mountainous areas with steeper slopes. Block land preparation is suitable for mountainous areas and loess hills, and is carried out according to the terrain. Fish scale pits should be constructed according to the plant spacing and the row spacing. The pit depth is 60-80cm.

3. A transplanting and cultivating method for improving the survival rate of Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: Planting density: In mountainous and sandy areas with poor soil and lack of fertilizer sources, the distance between Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings is 2m*3m. In more fertile mountainous areas or hills, the distance between Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings is 3m*4m. In areas with deep, fertile soil and good water and fertilizer conditions, the distance between Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings is 4m*5m. The more suitable the planting area is for the growth of Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings, the sparser the planting needs to be, because it is necessary to ensure the reproductive space for the Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings after they grow up.

4. A transplanting and cultivating method for improving the survival rate of Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The planting time is from early April to early May.

5. A transplanting and cultivating method for improving the survival rate of Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: When backfilling S4 once, you need to backfill 3500-6000g of crushed straw first, and then backfill topsoil mixed with decomposed farmyard manure. The ratio of topsoil to farmyard manure is 5:1, until the surface of the topsoil is about 20cm from the ground.

6. A transplanting and cultivating method for improving the survival rate of Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: S8 After watering, it needs to be covered with plastic film to keep warm and moist.

7. A transplanting and cultivating method for improving the survival rate of Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: Pest and disease control: Xanthoceras sorbifolia mainly suffers from chlorosis, damping-off, sooty mold, psyllids, black velvet beetles and root-knot nematodes. The treatment of chlorosis is to strengthen the intertillage and loosening of the soil during the seedling stage, eradicate the diseased plants, and clean up the weeds in time. For damping-off, it is necessary to spray 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 600 times diluted or 5% jinggangmycin aqueous solution 1500 times diluted or 20% methyl tolclofos emulsifiable concentrate 1200 times diluted for pest control. For sooty mold, first of all, the seedling stage should be strengthened, the intertillage and weeding should be timely, and 800 times diluted carbendazim should be used for continuous spraying. Spray 2-3 times, each time with an interval of 7-10 days. In early spring, spray 50% dimethoate EC 2000 times. The treatment method for psyllids is to remove the fallen leaves and weeds near the Xanthoceras sorbifolia trees and eliminate the overwintering adults. In early spring or the initial outbreak stage, spray 5 waves of medicine, the medicine is Meidu lime sulfur mixture, 25% bromide emulsifiable concentrate 2500 times, or 25% Gongfu emulsifiable concentrate 2000 times for prevention and control, or use 10% imidacloprid water-dispersible granules WG1:1500 diluted medicine, 3% acetamiprid EC2000 1.8% avermectin EC 3000 times liquid spray to the leaves and tree body, the solution to black velvet beetle is to use insecticidal lamps to lure and catch manually, take advantage of the adult's feigned death, shock the tree body at 7 or 8 pm for artificial capture, use 50% phoxim EC to make soil granules or poison water to sprinkle under the tree canopy to kill the larvae, use 80% dichlorvos EC 100 times liquid or 50% cypermethrin EC 1000 times liquid for spraying, and when an outbreak occurs, spray with 2.5% 2000 times diluted cypermethrin, spraying time is 6:00 to 8:00 in the morning, for the control of root-knot nematodes, in winter, dig deep the soil near the roots under the tree tray of the diseased plants, remove the roots affected by the root-knot nematodes, and remove the diseased roots in time and burn them in the orchard. Dig a pit 20-30cm away from the main pole, with a depth of 15-25cm, inject 200g of dibromopropane granules per plant, 200g of clozolin granules per plant, or 200g of sulfamethoxam granules per plant, cover the soil and water after application.

8. A transplanting and cultivating method for improving the survival rate of Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cup of the Xanthoceras sorbifolia cup seedling is made of rice husk, with a layer of plastic film attached to the outside. The plastic film is torn off before planting, and the cup is cut into large holes but not separated from the soil.

9. A transplanting and cultivating method for improving the survival rate of Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: After planting, it is necessary to set up pillars near the Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings. The seedlings should be fixed 60 cm above the ground, and wooden poles or metal pipes should be used to provide auxiliary support for the seedlings to prevent the tops of the seedlings from being broken by the wind.

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