Distributed coupling treatment system for organic solid waste

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of chemical engineering, and particularly provides an organic solid waste distributed coupling treatment system. The system comprises pyrolysis equipment, a first cavity, biomass heating equipment, a second cavity and a heat exchanger, wherein the first cavity exchanges heat with the pyrolysis equipment, the second cavity exchanges heat with the biomass heating equipment, and the heat exchanger is communicated with the first cavity and the second cavity and outputs heat in the first cavity and the second cavity to heat energy utilization equipment through heat exchange. The system is green, environment-friendly, efficient, energy-saving and stable, and can realize sustainable development.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of chemical technology, and specifically provides a distributed coupling treatment system for organic solid waste. Background Art

[0002] Organic solid waste refers to various types of organic waste generated in the process of production and life, including agricultural waste, forestry waste, livestock and poultry manure, the organic part of urban domestic waste, industrial organic waste, etc. If these wastes are not handled properly, they will become a burden on the environment, but they are also valuable renewable resources and can be converted into energy or other useful products through different technical means.

[0003] At present, organic solid waste treatment for heating mainly includes the following: organic solid waste cogeneration, biomass pellet fuel boiler heating, biogas heating, organic solid waste gasification heating and organic solid waste stove heating. The development of these technologies helps to reduce dependence on fossil fuels, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and promote the resource utilization of waste. However, with the increase in actual demand and industrial upgrading, waste heating technology needs to be further improved to improve energy efficiency and reduce pollutant emissions. At the same time, the stability of the system also needs to be further improved.

[0004] In view of this, this application is hereby filed. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a distributed coupling treatment system for organic solid waste, so as to provide a green, environmentally friendly, energy-efficient, stable and sustainable organic solid waste heating system.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, this application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A distributed coupling treatment system for organic solid waste, the system comprising: under the control of an intelligent control system:

[0008] A distributed coupling treatment system for organic solid waste, the system comprising:

[0009] A pyrolysis device, comprising a reactor and a pyrolysis product pipeline connected to the reactor;

[0010] a first cavity, wherein a portion of the pyrolysis product pipeline is disposed in the first cavity so that the material in the pyrolysis product pipeline exchanges heat with the air in the first cavity;

[0011] A biomass heating device, comprising a burner and a flue gas duct connected to the burner;

[0012] a second cavity, wherein a portion of the smoke duct is disposed in the second cavity so that the smoke in the smoke duct can exchange heat with the air in the second cavity;

[0013] The air duct outlet of the first cavity and the air duct outlet of the second cavity are connected to the first inlet and the second inlet of a valve, and the outlet of the valve is connected to the hot air path of a heat exchanger and is back-connected to the air duct inlet of the first cavity and the air duct inlet of the second cavity to form a loop; the valve is used to switch to achieve the connection between the first cavity or the second cavity and the hot air path of the heat exchanger;

[0014] The heat exchanger includes a hot air path and a medium path. After heat exchange between the medium in the medium path and the hot air path is achieved, the medium is output to a heat energy utilization device that uses the corresponding medium.

[0015] Furthermore, the coupling processing system also includes:

[0016] Energy storage heating equipment, which includes a water tank, the water in which is heated by a solar heat pipe or a ground source heat pump system;

[0017] a third cavity, wherein at least a portion of the water tank is disposed in the third cavity, so that water in the water tank performs heat exchange with air in the third cavity;

[0018] The air duct outlet of the third cavity is connected to the third inlet of the valve, and the valve outlet is connected to the hot air path of the heat exchanger and then connected back to the air duct inlet of the third cavity to form a loop; the valve is used to switch to achieve communication between the first cavity, the second cavity or the third cavity and the hot air path of the heat exchanger.

[0019] Further, the heat exchanger includes a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger and a third heat exchanger;

[0020] The valves include a first four-way valve, a second four-way valve and a third four-way valve;

[0021] The air duct outlets of the first cavity, the second cavity, and the third cavity are all connected to three inlet ports of the first four-way valve, the second four-way valve, and the third four-way valve;

[0022] The three outlet ports of the first four-way valve, the second four-way valve and the third four-way valve are connected to the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger respectively;

[0023] The medium passage of the first heat exchanger contains heat transfer oil; the medium passage of the second heat exchanger contains steam; and the medium passage of the third heat exchanger contains hot water.

[0024] Furthermore, the water tank of the energy storage heating device also includes an electric heating device for heating using off-peak electricity.

[0025] Furthermore, a fan for driving the hot air to circulate in the loop is provided between the pipes connecting the hot air paths of the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger.

[0026] Furthermore, the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger are also connected to a water softening device.

[0027] Furthermore, the biomass heating equipment also includes a pipeline and a nozzle for transmitting the biomass diesel fuel to the burner, and a conveying device for transmitting the garbage-derived fuel or the solid recovered fuel to the burner.

[0028] Furthermore, the heat energy utilization equipment includes at least one of a waste biomass hot and wet hydrolysis equipment, a waste oil and fat pretreatment equipment, a commercial heat equipment or a residential heat equipment.

[0029] Furthermore, a fuel supply device is provided upstream of the pyrolysis device, which includes a preheating device for preheating the organic solid waste.

[0030] Furthermore, the coupling treatment system also includes a mobile heating vehicle.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the technical effects of this application are:

[0032] Green and environmentally friendly: This treatment system is an environmentally friendly energy conversion method, which mainly converts organic solid waste into combustible gas, bio-oil, biochar and other energy products by pyrolyzing it under low temperature conditions. This process can not only effectively reduce the amount of organic solid waste, but also avoid its pollution to the environment. When treating organic solid waste, no harmful gases and pollutants are generated. On the contrary, it can convert these wastes into clean energy, which plays a positive role in promoting environmental protection. In addition, it can also reduce carbon dioxide emissions, which is helpful to alleviate the problem of global warming.

[0033] High efficiency and energy saving: This treatment system can realize multi-level utilization of energy during the energy conversion process, thereby improving the efficiency of energy utilization. For example, during the low-temperature pyrolysis process, energy products such as combustible gas, bio-oil and bio-char can be widely used in power generation, heating, industrial production and other fields, thereby realizing efficient conversion and utilization of energy. It can also be linked with other energy systems to further improve energy utilization efficiency. For example, it can complement renewable energy sources such as solar energy and geothermal heat to achieve diversified utilization of energy, thereby reducing energy consumption and improving energy utilization efficiency.

[0034] Sustainable development: This treatment system mainly relies on the transformation of organic solid waste, which is generated in people's production and life, and its quantity is huge. Through the organic solid waste distributed coupling treatment system, we can transform these wastes into energy, realize the reuse of resources, and provide important support for sustainable development. At the same time, the organic solid waste distributed coupling treatment system can also promote the healthy development of agriculture, forestry and other industries. By treating agricultural and forestry wastes, their impact on the environment can be reduced, and the production efficiency of agriculture and forestry can be improved, thereby promoting the sustainable development of these industries.

[0035] Economic benefits: First, this process can effectively treat organic solid waste and reduce the cost of organic solid waste treatment. Second, by converting organic solid waste into energy, it can reduce energy consumption and energy costs. In addition, the organic solid waste distributed coupling treatment system can also create jobs and promote economic development.

[0036] In short, the organic solid waste distributed coupling treatment system has many advantages such as green environmental protection, high efficiency and energy saving, sustainable development and economic benefits. In the future energy conversion process, the organic solid waste distributed coupling treatment system will play an increasingly important role and is an important way to achieve green, efficient and sustainable development. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] The various technical features of the present application and the relationship between them are further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings are exemplary, and some technical features are not shown in actual proportion. In addition, some drawings may omit technical features that are commonly used in the technical field to which the present application belongs and are not essential for understanding and implementing the present application, or additional technical features that are not essential for understanding and implementing the present application may be shown. In other words, the combination of the various technical features shown in the accompanying drawings is not used to limit the present application. In addition, throughout the present application, the same figure numbers refer to the same content. The specific description of the drawings is as follows:

[0038] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the organic solid waste distributed coupling treatment system of the present application;

[0039] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of coupled heat recovery in the distributed coupled treatment system for organic solid waste in the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present application, the technical solution of the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0041] like Figure 1The organic solid waste distributed coupling treatment system provided by the present application converts organic solid waste from different sources (such as garden waste 4, large waste waste 5, other waste 6, etc.) into energy in the form of combustible gas, liquid fuel and solid residue through low-temperature pyrolysis reaction, and then uses these energy sources for heating purposes. When the heat of organic solid waste is insufficient, biomass heating equipment (such as biomass diesel, refuse-derived fuel (RDF), solid recovered fuel (SRF)) and energy storage heating equipment (such as night-time off-peak electricity, solar energy and ground source heat pump) are used to heat the required equipment in a cycle (at a maximum of about 800°C), and a mobile heating vehicle is used to heat the required equipment (at about 200°C), such as waste grease pretreatment equipment (heat demand of about 70-90°C), waste biomass wet heat hydrolysis equipment (heat demand of 150°C-180°C), and other various equipment that requires heat (such as commercial heating equipment or residential heating equipment) are heat-conducted. This treatment system realizes efficient pyrolysis and thermal energy conversion of organic matter under low temperature conditions, fully utilizes the technology of waste resource reduction and harmless treatment goals, realizes the recycling of energy, and can effectively reduce the pollution of organic solid waste to the environment and alleviate the negative impact of landfill and incineration. At the same time, it realizes energy recovery and resource reuse, and improves resource utilization efficiency.

[0042] Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) is a solid fuel made from combustible solid waste separated from urban domestic waste through processes such as drying, crushing, sorting and molding.

[0043] Solid recovered fuel (SRF) is a fuel made from waste from non-domestic sources (mainly commercial, industrial and agricultural waste) through a series of treatment processes.

[0044] When the organic solid waste has sufficient heat, it is pyrolyzed in the pyrolysis equipment and the obtained products are used for heating.

[0045] The pyrolysis equipment 11 includes a reactor, which is usually a sealable container, and is used to heat and decompose organic solid waste into combustible gas, liquid fuel (bio-oil) and solid residue (biochar) in an oxygen-deficient environment. Heat is also generated during the thermal decomposition process, which can be used for thermal decomposition. The excess heat in the pyrolysis process can also be recovered to supply heat to the outside. The feed inlet of the pyrolysis reactor is connected to a feeding device, such as a screw conveyor or a vibrating feeder, to deliver 4, 5, and 6 to the reactor. The discharge port is connected to a pyrolysis product pipeline, which includes: a gas pipeline, a liquid pipeline, and a solid residue transmission pipeline, to respectively transmit the combustible gas, bio-oil, and solid residue (mainly biochar) generated by the pyrolysis process to be collected.

[0046] Among them, a part of the pyrolysis product pipeline is arranged in the first cavity, and the heat of the material in the pyrolysis product pipeline can be heat exchanged with the air in the first cavity. The first cavity is connected to the hot air path of the heat exchanger through the air duct to form a circulation, and a fan is arranged in the air duct to drive the air circulation between the first cavity and the hot air path of the heat exchanger.

[0047] In one embodiment, the temperature condition of the pyrolysis reactor is 200-800° C. The core of this technology is the pyrolysis reaction, which has the advantages of fast processing speed, good reduction effect, and recyclable resources.

[0048] In one embodiment, a fuel supply device is provided upstream of the pyrolysis device, which includes a preheating device for preheating organic solid waste. The fuel supply device realizes the storage, transportation and preheating of fuel. The fuel is generally organic solid waste, such as garden waste, large garbage waste, other garbage, etc. In the fuel supply device, in order to improve the transportation efficiency of the fuel and reduce energy loss, stainless steel pipe materials with good thermal conductivity are selected, and the outside is packaged with heat-insulating materials such as high temperature resistance and strong flame retardancy. In addition, the fuel is preheated to ensure the smooth progress of the pyrolysis reaction.

[0049] When the heat of organic solid waste is insufficient, at least one of biomass heating equipment, energy storage heating equipment and mobile heating vehicles is used to supplement the heating.

[0050] The biomass heating device 10 includes a burner for burning biomass fuel. The solid fuels 2 and 3 can be conveyed by a screw conveyor or a vibrating feeder, and the liquid fuel 1 is sprayed into the combustion chamber through a pump and a pipeline (with a nozzle at the end). The burner is connected to a flue gas channel to discharge the flue gas generated during the combustion process of the burner.

[0051] Among them, a part of the smoke channel pipe is arranged in the second cavity, and the heat of the smoke in the smoke pipe can be heat exchanged with the air in the second cavity. The second cavity is connected to the hot air path of the heat exchanger through the air duct to form a circulation, and a fan is arranged in the air duct to drive the air circulation between the second cavity and the hot air path of the heat exchanger.

[0052] The energy storage heating device 12 includes a water tank, the water in which is heated by a solar heat pipe circulation and a ground source heat pump system. There is also an electric heating device in the water tank, which can be heated by using off-peak electricity (such as nighttime electricity). The lower section of the water tank is insulated by an insulation layer, and the middle and upper sections of the water tank have no insulation layer and have fins on the outer surface. The middle and upper sections are arranged in a third cavity. The heat in the water tank can be heat-exchanged with the air in the third cavity. The third cavity is connected to the hot air path of the heat exchanger through an air duct and forms a circulation. A fan is arranged in the air duct to drive the air circulation between the third cavity and the hot air path of the heat exchanger.

[0053] A mobile heating vehicle is a movable heating equipment that integrates core components such as heat source, heat exchanger, circulation pump, etc. into a movable vehicle body to achieve rapid transmission and distribution of heat energy.

[0054] In one embodiment, Figure 2 The heat exchanger may include three heat exchangers 13, 14, and 16. Of the two paths of each heat exchanger, one path leads to the hot air path, and the other path leads to the output medium (such as heat transfer oil, steam, or water). The inlet and outlet of the hot air paths of the three heat exchangers may be provided with a four-way valve (three in and one out) to connect with the hot air circulation pipelines of 10, 11, and 12, and the hot air connection with one of 10, 11, and 12 may be achieved by switching the four-way valve to recover the corresponding heat.

[0055] One path of the output medium of each heat exchanger has an inlet and an outlet, and is provided with corresponding valves to supply heat to downstream equipment through the corresponding medium (eg 20, 21, 22, 23, 24).

[0056] In one embodiment, the present application adopts an air path method in the heat recovery of 10, 11, and 12, so as to achieve consistency of the interface (air path interface) during heat recovery, so that 13, 14, and 16 can be adapted at the same time, and 13, 14, 16 can be controllably and flexibly connected with 10, 11, and 12 to recover heat, thereby realizing distributed coupled heat recovery.

[0057] In one embodiment, the medium passage of the first heat exchanger is heat transfer oil; the medium passage of the second heat exchanger is steam, and the medium passage of the third heat exchanger is hot water. The second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger are also connected to a water softening device to remove calcium and magnesium ions in the water, achieve "softening" of the water quality, and realize the conversion of steam in the second heat exchanger and hot water in the third heat exchanger.

[0058] In order to reduce the impact of high temperature on the fan, in the coupled processing system, the fan is set at the outlet of the circuit 13, 14, 16 and then connected back to 10, 11, 12 (heat exchange is completed here).

[0059] In the coupled processing system, the conduction of temperature medium is mainly carried out through the equipment wall and pipeline. In order to improve thermal efficiency, materials with high strength, high temperature resistance and good thermal conductivity are selected, such as high temperature alloys and stainless steel. The exterior is packaged with heat-insulating materials such as high temperature resistance and strong flame retardancy to reduce heat loss.

[0060] In one embodiment, the coupled treatment system can be controlled by an intelligent control system, which provides strong support for the stable operation and efficient management of the organic solid waste distributed coupled treatment system. The system integrates advanced functions such as remote monitoring, automatic adjustment, and fault diagnosis. It can monitor the system operation status in real time, automatically adjust the operation parameters to cope with changes in the external environment, and quickly locate the problem when a fault occurs, reducing downtime.

[0061] Example

[0062] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the organic solid waste distributed coupling treatment system of the present application. Figure 1 As shown, organic solid waste (such as 4-garden waste, 5-large waste, 6-other waste) are all pyrolyzed in 11-pyrolysis equipment; 1-biomass diesel, 2-refuse derived fuel (RDF), 3-solid recovered fuel (SRF) are all burned in 10-biomass heating equipment; 7-off-peak electricity, 8-solar energy, 9-ground source heat pump are all heated by heating water in 12-energy storage heating equipment. The heat energy generated by 10, 11, and 12 is supplied to the outside in the form of 17-thermal oil heating, 18-steam heating, and 19-hot water heating through heat exchangers (13-thermal oil heat exchange system, 14-steam heat exchange system, 16-water storage heat exchange system). In addition, 25-mobile heating vehicles can also be used for heating. The entire organic solid waste distributed coupling treatment system can be used for 20-waste biomass wet-heat hydrolysis equipment, 21-waste grease pretreatment equipment, 22-other heat-using equipment, 23-commercial heat-using system, 24-residential heat-using system. Reasonable arrangement of pipeline direction and reduction of pipeline length can reduce heat loss during temperature medium conduction. At the same time, the exterior is packaged with heat-insulating materials such as high-temperature resistant and flame-retardant materials to reduce heat loss.

[0063] Specifically, Figure 2, 10, 11 are respectively provided with a first cavity and a second cavity downstream: 11-the discharge port of the pyrolysis equipment is connected to the pyrolysis product pipeline, a part of which is provided in the first cavity, the heat of the material in the pyrolysis product pipeline can be heat exchanged with the air in the first cavity, the first cavity is connected to the hot air path of the heat exchanger 13, 14, 16 through the air duct and forms a circulation, and a fan driving the first cavity and the air circulation in the hot air path of the heat exchanger is provided in the air duct. 10-the discharge port of the biomass heating equipment is connected to the flue gas pipeline, a part of which is provided in the second cavity, the heat of the flue gas in the flue gas pipeline can be heat exchanged with the air in the second cavity, the second cavity is connected to the hot air path of the heat exchanger 13, 14, 16 through the air duct and forms a circulation, and a fan driving the second cavity and the air circulation in the hot air path of the heat exchanger is provided in the air duct. 12- The energy storage heating device is provided with a third cavity, and the heat in the device can be exchanged with the air in the third cavity. The third cavity is connected to the hot air path of the heat exchanger 13, 14, and 16 through an air duct to form a circulation, and a fan is provided in the air duct to drive the air circulation between the third cavity and the hot air path of the heat exchanger.

[0064] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application are the same as those generally understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. If there is any inconsistency, the meaning described in the full text of this application or the meaning derived from the content recorded in the full text of this application shall prevail. In addition, the terms used in this description are only for the purpose of describing the embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.

[0065] Note that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and the technical principles used. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and that various obvious changes, readjustments and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, although the present application is described in more detail through the above embodiments, the present application is not limited to the above embodiments, and may also include more other equivalent embodiments without departing from the technical concept of the present application, all of which belong to the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A distributed coupling treatment system for organic solid waste, characterized in that: The system comprises: A pyrolysis device, comprising a reactor and a pyrolysis product pipeline connected to the reactor; a first cavity, wherein a portion of the pyrolysis product pipeline is disposed in the first cavity so that the material in the pyrolysis product pipeline exchanges heat with the air in the first cavity; A biomass heating device, comprising a burner and a flue gas duct connected to the burner; a second cavity, wherein a portion of the smoke duct is disposed in the second cavity so that the smoke in the smoke duct can exchange heat with the air in the second cavity; The air duct outlet of the first cavity and the air duct outlet of the second cavity are connected to the first inlet and the second inlet of a valve, and the outlet of the valve is connected to the hot air path of a heat exchanger and is back-connected to the air duct inlet of the first cavity and the air duct inlet of the second cavity to form a loop; the valve is used to switch to achieve the connection between the first cavity or the second cavity and the hot air path of the heat exchanger; The heat exchanger includes a hot air path and a medium path. After heat exchange between the medium in the medium path and the hot air path is achieved, the medium is output to a heat energy utilization device that uses the corresponding medium.

2. The coupling processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: Energy storage heating equipment, which includes a water tank, the water in which is heated by a solar heat pipe or a ground source heat pump system; a third cavity, wherein at least a portion of the water tank is disposed in the third cavity, so that water in the water tank can exchange heat with air in the third cavity; The air duct outlet of the third cavity is connected to the third inlet of the valve, and the valve outlet is connected to the hot air path of the heat exchanger and then connected back to the air duct inlet of the third cavity to form a loop; the valve is used to switch to achieve communication between the first cavity, the second cavity or the third cavity and the hot air path of the heat exchanger.

3. The coupling processing system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heat exchanger includes a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger and a third heat exchanger; The valves include a first four-way valve, a second four-way valve and a third four-way valve; The air duct outlets of the first cavity, the second cavity and the third cavity are all connected to the three inlet ports of the first four-way valve, the second four-way valve and the third four-way valve; The three outlet ports of the first four-way valve, the second four-way valve and the third four-way valve are connected to the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger respectively; The medium passage of the first heat exchanger contains heat transfer oil; the medium passage of the second heat exchanger contains steam; and the medium passage of the third heat exchanger contains hot water.

4. The coupling processing system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water tank of the energy storage heating device also includes an electric heating device for heating using valley electricity.

5. The coupling processing system according to claim 3, characterized in that: A fan for driving the hot air to circulate in the loop is provided between the pipes connecting the hot air paths of the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger.

6. The coupling processing system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger are also connected to a water softening device.

7. The coupling processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biomass heating device also includes a pipeline and a nozzle for transmitting the biomass diesel fuel to the burner, and a conveying device for transmitting the garbage-derived fuel or the solid recovered fuel to the burner.

8. The coupling processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat energy utilization equipment includes at least one of waste biomass hot and wet hydrolysis equipment, waste grease pretreatment equipment, commercial heat equipment or residential heat equipment.

9. The coupling processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fuel supply device is provided upstream of the pyrolysis device, which includes a preheating device for preheating the organic solid waste.

10. The coupling processing system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: Also includes mobile heating vehicles.

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