Engineering surveying instrument based on unmanned aerial vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses an engineering surveying instrument based on an unmanned aerial vehicle. The engineering surveying instrument comprises a base and a connecting mechanism, a mounting frame is arranged at the lower end of the base through a damping mechanism, a through hole is formed in the mounting frame, a mounting column is inserted into the through hole, and a surveying and mapping bin is arranged at the lower end of the mounting column; the connecting mechanism comprises a cavity, locking openings and locking blocks, the cavity is formed in the mounting frame and communicates with the mounting hole, the locking blocks are slidably connected to the left end and the right end of the cavity, the locking openings which are symmetrically distributed are formed in the upper end of the mounting column, and the locking openings are connected with the transversely adjacent locking blocks in a clamped mode. A single-chip microcomputer is arranged on the inner wall of the left side of the surveying and mapping bin, the input end of the single-chip microcomputer is electrically connected with a power source of the external unmanned aerial vehicle, and a surveying and mapping camera is arranged at the right end of the surveying and mapping bin.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of engineering surveying and mapping of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), and in particular to an engineering surveying and mapping instrument based on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Background Art

[0002] The engineering surveying instrument based on UAV is an advanced surveying and mapping tool that integrates UAV technology, sensor technology, GPS positioning technology and photogrammetry principles. The drone is equipped with a variety of sensor equipment such as aerial cameras, laser radars, infrared cameras, etc., which can capture ground images, elevations, vegetation information and other data;

[0003] Some existing UAV-based engineering surveying instruments use a non-vibration-absorbing unit to connect the engineering surveying instrument to the UAV, and some UAV-based engineering surveying instruments use bolted connections to install the pan / tilt.

[0004] This type of UAV-based engineering surveying instrument has some problems, such as the use of a method without a shock-absorbing unit, which affects the safety of the engineering surveying instrument during the UAV operation phase, easily affects the accuracy of the engineering surveying instrument, and the installation of the gimbal is not convenient for installation and disassembly of the gimbal by bolt connection. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the existing defects and provide an engineering surveying instrument based on a drone, which can effectively improve the shock absorption performance of the surveying unit and realize the rapid installation and disassembly of the gimbal, and can effectively solve the problems in the background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an engineering surveying instrument based on a drone, comprising a base and a connecting mechanism;

[0007] Base: A mounting frame is arranged at the lower end thereof through a shock absorbing mechanism, a through hole is arranged inside the mounting frame, a mounting column is inserted inside the through hole, a mapping chamber is arranged at the lower end of the mounting column, and an adjustable mounting plate is arranged at the upper end of the base;

[0008] Connecting mechanism: It includes a cavity, a locking mouth and a locking block. The cavity is arranged inside the mounting frame, and the cavity is connected to the mounting hole. The left and right ends of the cavity are slidably connected with locking blocks. The upper end of the mounting column is provided with symmetrically distributed locking mouths, and the locking mouths are all engaged with laterally adjacent locking blocks, which can effectively improve the shock absorption performance of the surveying and mapping unit and realize the rapid installation and disassembly of the pan / tilt.

[0009] Furthermore, a single-chip microcomputer is provided on the left inner wall of the surveying and mapping cabin, and the input end of the single-chip microcomputer is electrically connected to the power supply of the external drone. A surveying and mapping camera is provided on the right end of the surveying and mapping cabin, and the surveying and mapping camera is bidirectionally electrically connected to the single-chip microcomputer to control various electrical appliances and perform engineering surveying and mapping.

[0010] Furthermore, the connecting mechanism also includes a fixed shaft, an adjusting handle, a driving seat and a rib plate. The fixed shaft is symmetrically arranged inside the cavity, and the middle part of the fixed shaft is rotatably connected to the adjusting handle. The front and rear ends of the locking block are provided with driving ports. The end of the adjusting handle close to the center of the cavity is cooperated with the longitudinally adjacent driving port. The end of the driving seat close to the center of the cavity is provided with a chamfered port, and the chamfered port is cooperated with the end of the longitudinally adjacent adjusting handle away from the center of the cavity. Ribs are fixedly connected between the two longitudinally adjacent driving seats to realize the opening and closing control of the connecting mechanism.

[0011] Furthermore, the connecting mechanism also includes a torsion spring 1, which is fixedly connected between the adjusting handle and the bottom wall of the cavity, and the torsion spring 1 is movably sleeved on the outer surface of the vertically adjacent fixed shaft to provide a driving force for resetting the connecting mechanism.

[0012] Furthermore, the shock absorbing mechanism includes an adjusting arm, a connecting seat, a shock absorbing damper and a spring. The adjusting arms are rotatably connected to the inside of the base, the lower ends of the adjusting arms are rotatably connected to the connecting seats, the lower ends of the connecting seats are fixedly connected to the shock absorbing dampers, the lower ends of the shock absorbing dampers are fixedly connected to support plates, the support plates and the vertically adjacent connecting seats are fixedly connected with springs, the springs are movably sleeved on the outer surfaces of the vertically adjacent shock absorbing dampers, the lower ends of the support plates are fixedly connected to connecting shafts, the middle parts of the connecting shafts are rotatably connected to the corresponding ends of the mounting frames, thereby improving the shock absorbing performance at the connection between the UAV and the engineering surveying instrument.

[0013] Furthermore, the shock absorbing mechanism also includes a rubber tube, and the rubber tube is fixedly connected between the connecting seat and the vertically adjacent support plates. The rubber tube is movably mounted on the outer surface of spring one to protect spring one and the shock absorbing damper and prevent rapid aging of spring one and the shock absorbing damper.

[0014] Furthermore, a pan-tilt head is provided at the lower end of the mounting column, the lower end of the pan-tilt head is fixedly connected to the left end of the surveying and mapping cabin, and the input end of the pan-tilt head is electrically connected to the output end of the single-chip microcomputer to achieve angle adjustment of the surveying and mapping camera.

[0015] Furthermore, the base is provided with evenly distributed recesses inside, and the inside of the recesses are fixedly connected with pins, and the pins are rotatably connected to the upper ends of the vertically adjacent adjusting arms. Two symmetrically distributed torsion springs are fixedly connected between the recesses and the laterally adjacent adjusting arms, and the two torsion springs are movably mounted on the outer surfaces of the vertically adjacent pins to ensure the stability of the shock absorbing mechanism.

[0016] Furthermore, a telescopic column is fixedly connected between the base and the mounting frame, a spring is fixedly connected between the base and the mounting frame, and the spring is movably sleeved on the outer surface of the telescopic column to improve the stability of the connection between the engineering surveying instrument and the drone.

[0017] Furthermore, a fixing screw is fixedly connected to the upper end of the base, a threaded barrel is threadedly connected to the upper end of the fixing screw, a mounting plate is fixedly connected to the upper end of the threaded barrel, and evenly distributed mounting holes are arranged inside the mounting plate, which is suitable for different drone installation requirements.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the engineering surveying instrument based on the UAV has the following advantages:

[0019] 1. The torsion spring acts on the corresponding adjustment handle to ensure the stability of the mounting frame in the vertical direction. At the same time, the shock absorber can more effectively play the shock absorption effect, greatly improving the shock absorption performance of the connection between the engineering surveying instrument and the UAV, effectively protecting the engineering surveying instrument and avoiding the influence of vibration on the surveying accuracy of the engineering surveying instrument.

[0020] 2. The adjusting handle is moved by the driving seat to realize the contraction and release of the locking block, and the locking block is reset under the elastic force of the torsion spring 1, which replaces the bolt connection method to realize the rapid installation and disassembly of the gimbal, greatly improving the convenience of installation and disassembly of the gimbal, and facilitating the convenient installation of engineering surveying instruments and drones. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure inside the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of location A of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of point B of the present invention.

[0025] In the figure: 1 base, 2 mounting frame, 3 shock absorbing mechanism, 31 adjusting arm, 32 connecting seat, 33 rubber cylinder, 34 shock absorbing damper, 35 spring 1, 4 connecting mechanism, 41 cavity, 42 fixed shaft, 43 adjusting handle, 44 driving seat, 45 locking mouth, 46 locking block, 47 torsion spring 1, 48 rib plate, 5 mounting column, 6 pan / tilt, 7 mapping warehouse, 8 single chip microcomputer, 9 mapping camera, 10 notch, 11 pin shaft, 12 torsion spring 2, 13 telescopic column, 14 spring 2, 15 fixing screw, 16 threaded cylinder, 17 mounting plate, 18 connecting shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] See also Figure 1-4 ,This embodiment provides a technical solution: an engineering surveying instrument based on a drone, comprising a base 1 and a connecting mechanism 4;

[0028] Base 1: A mounting frame 2 is provided at its lower end through a shock absorbing mechanism 3, a through hole is provided inside the mounting frame 2, a mounting column 5 is plugged inside the through hole, a mapping chamber 7 is provided at the lower end of the mounting column 5, a pan / tilt 6 is provided at the lower end of the mounting column 5, the lower end of the pan / tilt 6 is fixedly connected to the left end of the mapping chamber 7, the input end of the pan / tilt 6 is electrically connected to the output end of the single-chip microcomputer 8, an adjustable mounting plate 17 is provided at the upper end of the base 1, a single-chip microcomputer 8 is provided on the left inner wall of the mapping chamber 7, the input end of the single-chip microcomputer 8 is electrically connected to the power supply of the external drone, a mapping camera 9 is provided at the right end of the mapping chamber 7, and the mapping camera 9 is bidirectionally electrically connected to the single-chip microcomputer 8;

[0029] The connection mechanism 4 includes a cavity 41, a locking opening 45 and a locking block 46. The cavity 41 is arranged inside the mounting frame 2, and the cavity 41 is connected to the mounting hole. The left and right ends of the cavity 41 are slidably connected with the locking blocks 46. The upper end of the mounting column 5 is provided with symmetrically distributed locking openings 45, and the locking openings 45 are all engaged with the laterally adjacent locking blocks 46. The connection mechanism 4 also includes a fixed shaft 42, an adjustment handle 43, a drive seat 44 and a rib plate 48. The fixed shaft 42 is symmetrically arranged inside the cavity 41, and the middle part of the fixed shaft 42 is rotatably connected with the adjustment handle 43. The front and rear ends of the locking block 46 are provided with a driving opening. The adjustment handle 43 is rotatably connected to the middle part of the fixed shaft 42. One end of the handle 43 close to the center of the cavity 41 is installed in cooperation with the drive port adjacent to the longitudinal direction, and one end of the drive seat 44 close to the center of the cavity 41 is provided with a chamfered opening, and the chamfered opening is installed in cooperation with one end of the longitudinally adjacent adjustment handle 43 away from the center of the cavity 41, and a rib plate 48 is fixedly connected between two longitudinally adjacent drive seats 45. The connecting mechanism 4 also includes a torsion spring 47, which is fixedly connected between the adjustment handle 43 and the bottom wall of the cavity 41, and the torsion spring 47 is movably sleeved on the outer surface of the vertically adjacent fixed shaft 42, and the rib plate 48 is slid toward the center of the mounting frame 2, and the two rib plates 48 move toward each other. The drive seats 44 adjacent in the vertical direction are driven to move in the direction close to the center of the mounting frame 2 inside the cavity 41, and the chamfered openings of the drive seats 44 push the corresponding adjustment handles 43 to rotate in the direction away from the center of the mounting frame 2. At the same time, the torsion springs 47 are twisted with special force, so that the ends of the adjustment handles 43 close to the center of the mounting frame 2 push the locking blocks 46 adjacent in the vertical direction through the corresponding drive openings, so that the locking blocks 46 slide in the direction away from the center of the mounting frame 2 inside the cavity 41, and then the mounting column 5 is inserted into the inside of the through hole. When the locking opening 45 at the upper end of the mounting column 5 reaches the desired position, the force applied to the rib plate 48 is terminated. Under the elastic force of the torsion spring 1 47, the vertically adjacent adjustment handles 43 are all rotated in the opposite direction, and the ends of the adjustment handles 43 close to the center of the mounting frame 2 are all moved through the corresponding driving openings to move the longitudinally adjacent locking blocks 46 to slide toward the center of the cavity 41, so that the locking blocks 46 are all snapped into the inside of the corresponding locking openings 45, and at the same time, the ends of the adjustment handles 43 away from the center of the mounting frame 2 are all moved through the corresponding chamfered openings to move the longitudinally adjacent driving seats 44, so that the driving seats 44 and the ribs 48 are all moved in the direction away from the center of the cavity 41, so as to realize the resetting of the ribs 48 and realize the stable connection between the pan / tilt 6 and the mounting frame 2;

[0030] Among them, the shock absorbing mechanism 3 includes an adjusting arm 31, a connecting seat 32, a shock absorbing damper 34 and a spring 35. The adjusting arm 31 is rotatably connected to the inside of the base 1. The lower end of the adjusting arm 31 is rotatably connected to the connecting seat 32. The lower end of the connecting seat 32 is fixedly connected to the shock absorbing damper 34. The lower end of the shock absorbing damper 34 is fixedly connected to a support plate. A spring 35 is fixedly connected between the support plate and the vertically adjacent connecting seat 32. The spring 35 is movably sleeved on the outer surface of the vertically adjacent shock absorbing damper 34. The lower end of the support plate is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft 18. The middle part of the connecting shaft 18 is rotatably connected to the corresponding end of the mounting frame 2. The shock absorbing mechanism 3 also includes a rubber tube 33. A rubber tube 33 is fixedly connected between the connecting seat 32 and the vertically adjacent supporting plate. The rubber tube 33 is movably sleeved on the spring The outer surface of the one 35, the inside of the base 1 is provided with evenly distributed notches 10, the inside of the notches 10 are all fixedly connected with pin shafts 11, the pin shafts 11 are all rotatably connected with the upper ends of the vertically adjacent adjusting arms 31, and the notches 10 and the laterally adjacent adjusting arms 31 are all fixedly connected with symmetrically distributed torsion springs 12, and the torsion springs 12 are movably sleeved on the outer surfaces of the vertically adjacent pin shafts 11. During the movement of the engineering surveying and mapping instrument, the shock absorbing damper 34, with the assistance of the adjusting arm 31 and the torsion spring 12, provides an efficient shock absorbing effect for the engineering surveying and mapping instrument, ensures the stability of the engineering surveying and mapping instrument when it moves with the drone, and further ensures the accuracy of engineering surveying and mapping. At the same time, the rubber tube 33 effectively protects the shock absorbing damper 34 and the spring one 35, and prevents the shock absorbing damper 34 and the spring one 35 from being exposed for a long time and affecting the service life;

[0031] Wherein: a telescopic column 13 is fixedly connected between the base 1 and the mounting frame 2, a spring 14 is fixedly connected between the base 1 and the mounting frame 2, and the spring 14 is movably sleeved on the outer surface of the telescopic column 13;

[0032] Among them: the upper end of the base 1 is fixedly connected with a fixing screw 15, the upper end of the fixing screw 15 is threadedly connected with a threaded barrel 16, the upper end of the threaded barrel 16 is fixedly connected with a mounting plate 17, and the interior of the mounting plate 17 is provided with evenly distributed mounting holes. When the threaded barrel 16 is rotated, the threaded barrel 16 moves upward under the action of the fixing screw 15, thereby driving the mounting plate 17 to move upward.

[0033] The working principle of an engineering surveying instrument based on a drone provided by the present invention is as follows: when working, a person first rotates the threaded barrel 16, and the threaded barrel 16 moves upward under the action of the fixed screw 15, thereby driving the mounting plate 17 to move upward. When the mounting plate 17 reaches the desired position, the person stops rotating the threaded barrel 16, and connects the mounting hole inside the mounting plate 17 with the threaded hole at the lower end of the drone through the mounting bolts, and then the person slides the rib plate 48 toward the center of the mounting frame 2. The two rib plates 48 move toward each other, and both drive the vertically adjacent drive seats 44 to move in the cavity 41 toward the center of the mounting frame 2. , the chamfered openings of the drive seat 44 push the corresponding adjusting handle 43 to rotate in the direction away from the center of the mounting frame 2, and at the same time, the torsion spring 1 47 twists the special force, so that the end of the adjusting handle 43 close to the center of the mounting frame 2 drives the longitudinally adjacent locking block 46 through the corresponding driving opening, so that the locking block 46 slides in the direction away from the center of the mounting frame 2 inside the cavity 41, and then the mounting column 5 is inserted into the inside of the through hole. When the locking opening 45 at the upper end of the mounting column 5 reaches the desired position, the personnel stops applying the force to the rib plate 48, and the elastic force of the torsion spring 1 47 causes the vertically adjacent adjusting handles 43 to rotate in the opposite direction, and the adjusting The end of the handle 43 close to the center of the mounting frame 2 moves the longitudinally adjacent locking blocks 46 through the corresponding driving openings, and slides toward the center of the cavity 41, so that the locking blocks 46 are all snapped into the corresponding locking openings 45. At the same time, the end of the adjustment handle 43 away from the center of the mounting frame 2 moves the longitudinally adjacent driving seat 44 through the corresponding chamfered openings, so that the driving seat 44 and the rib plate 48 are moved away from the center of the cavity 41, so as to realize the reset of the rib plate 48 and realize the stable connection between the pan-tilt 6 and the mounting frame 2. The operation of the external drone drives the engineering surveying instrument to move. During the movement of the engineering surveying instrument, the vibration reduction With the assistance of the adjusting arm 31 and the torsion spring 12, the damper 34 provides an efficient shock-absorbing effect for the engineering surveying instrument, ensuring the stability of the engineering surveying instrument when following the movement of the drone, thereby ensuring the accuracy of engineering surveying. At the same time, the rubber tube 33 effectively protects the shock-absorbing damper 34 and the spring 35, avoiding long-term exposure of the shock-absorbing damper 34 and the spring 35 to affect their service life. At the same time, the single-chip microcomputer 8 realizes the operation of the surveying camera 9, and the surveying camera 9 performs engineering surveying on the required surveying area. At the same time, the single-chip microcomputer 8 realizes the operation of the pan-tilt head 6, and adjusts the angle of the surveying camera 9 in real time, which can better meet the needs of engineering surveying.

[0034] It is worth noting that the single chip microcomputer 8 disclosed in the above embodiments controls the surveying and mapping camera 9 and the pan / tilt head 6 using methods commonly used in the prior art.

[0035] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An engineering surveying and mapping instrument based on an unmanned aerial vehicle, characterized in that: It comprises a base (1) and a connecting mechanism (4); Base (1): a mounting frame (2) is arranged at the lower end thereof through a shock absorbing mechanism (3); a through hole is arranged inside the mounting frame (2); a mounting column (5) is inserted inside the through hole; a mapping chamber (7) is arranged at the lower end of the mounting column (5); The connecting mechanism (4) comprises a cavity (41), a locking opening (45) and a locking block (46); the cavity (41) is arranged inside the mounting frame (2); the cavity (41) is communicated with the mounting hole; the left and right ends of the cavity (41) are slidably connected with the locking blocks (46); the upper end of the mounting column (5) is provided with symmetrically distributed locking openings (45); the locking openings (45) are all engaged with the laterally adjacent locking blocks (46).

2. The engineering surveying instrument based on a drone according to claim 1, characterized in that: A single-chip microcomputer (8) is arranged on the left inner wall of the surveying and mapping chamber (7), and an input end of the single-chip microcomputer (8) is electrically connected to a power supply of an external unmanned aerial vehicle. A surveying and mapping camera (9) is arranged on the right end of the surveying and mapping chamber (7), and the surveying and mapping camera (9) is bidirectionally electrically connected to the single-chip microcomputer (8).

3. The engineering surveying instrument based on a drone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting mechanism (4) further comprises a fixed shaft (42), an adjusting handle (43), a driving seat (44) and a rib plate (48); the fixed shaft (42) is symmetrically arranged inside the cavity (41); the middle part of the fixed shaft (42) is rotatably connected with the adjusting handle (43); the front and rear ends of the locking block (46) are provided with driving ports; the end of the adjusting handle (43) close to the center of the cavity (41) is matched with the driving port adjacent to the longitudinal direction; the end of the driving seat (44) close to the center of the cavity (41) is provided with a chamfered port; the chamfered port is matched with the end of the adjusting handle (43) adjacent to the longitudinal direction and away from the center of the cavity (41); and the rib plate (48) is fixedly connected between two driving seats (45) adjacent to the longitudinal direction.

4. The engineering surveying instrument based on unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connecting mechanism (4) further comprises a torsion spring (47), wherein the torsion spring (47) is fixedly connected between the adjusting handle (43) and the bottom wall of the cavity (41), and the torsion spring (47) is movably sleeved on the outer surface of the vertically adjacent fixed shaft (42).

5. The engineering surveying instrument based on unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shock absorbing mechanism (3) comprises an adjusting arm (31), a connecting seat (32), a shock absorbing damper (34) and a spring (35); the adjusting arm (31) is rotatably connected to the inside of the base (1); the lower end of the adjusting arm (31) is rotatably connected to the connecting seat (32); the lower end of the connecting seat (32) is fixedly connected to the shock absorbing damper (34); the lower end of the shock absorbing damper (34) is fixedly connected to a support plate; a spring (35) is fixedly connected between the support plate and the vertically adjacent connecting seat (32); the spring (35) is movably sleeved on the outer surface of the vertically adjacent shock absorbing damper (34); the lower end of the support plate is fixedly connected to a connecting shaft (18); the middle part of the connecting shaft (18) is rotatably connected to the corresponding end of the mounting frame (2).

6. The engineering surveying and mapping instrument based on an unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 5, characterized in that: The shock absorbing mechanism (3) further comprises a rubber tube (33), the connecting seat (32) and the vertically adjacent supporting plates are fixedly connected with the rubber tube (33), and the rubber tube (33) is movably sleeved on the outer surface of the spring 1 (35).

7. The engineering surveying instrument based on unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that: A pan platform (6) is provided at the lower end of the mounting column (5); the lower end of the pan platform (6) is fixedly connected to the left end of the mapping chamber (7); and the input end of the pan platform (6) is electrically connected to the output end of the single chip computer (8).

8. The engineering surveying and mapping instrument based on a drone according to claim 5, characterized in that: The base (1) is provided with evenly distributed notches (10) inside, and the notches (10) are fixedly connected with pin shafts (11) inside, and the pin shafts (11) are rotatably connected to the upper ends of the vertically adjacent adjustment arms (31), and symmetrically distributed torsion springs (12) are fixedly connected between the notches (10) and the laterally adjacent adjustment arms (31), and the torsion springs (12) are movably sleeved on the outer surfaces of the vertically adjacent pin shafts (11).

9. The engineering surveying and mapping instrument based on a drone according to claim 1, characterized in that: A telescopic column (13) is fixedly connected between the base (1) and the mounting frame (2), and a spring (14) is fixedly connected between the base (1) and the mounting frame (2), and the spring (14) is movably sleeved on the outer surface of the telescopic column (13).

10. The engineering surveying instrument based on unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the base (1) is fixedly connected to a fixing screw (15), the upper end of the fixing screw (15) is threadedly connected to a threaded barrel (16), the upper end of the threaded barrel (16) is fixedly connected to a mounting plate (17), and the interior of the mounting plate (17) is provided with evenly distributed mounting holes.

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