Dust suppression and falling equipment and method for open-pit coal mine area

Abstract

The invention discloses dust suppression and falling equipment and method for an open-pit coal mine area, and belongs to the technical field of coal mine dust removal, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: obtaining a mining area map of the open-pit coal mine area and a peripheral area, intercepting a rectangular area from the mining area map as a reference area, carrying out grid division on the reference area, and carrying out grid division on the reference area; generating a plurality of grid regions; defining the center points of the plurality of grid areas as placement points, placing fog gun devices at geographic positions corresponding to the placement points, and working in a preset working mode; environment data of any grid area is obtained in real time, the power of the fog gun device corresponding to the grid area is adjusted in real time according to the environment data, and if the dust concentration of any grid area is larger than a preset threshold value, the grid area is calibrated as a target area; and the working modes and the output power of the fog gun devices in the adjacent grid areas of the target area are adjusted respectively. The dust removal efficiency is improved, and meanwhile resource waste is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of coal mine dust removal, and in particular to dust suppression and reduction equipment and method for open-pit coal mines. Background Art

[0002] Coal mines are areas where humans mine coal resources in coal-rich mining areas. They are generally divided into underground coal mines and open-pit coal mines. When the coal seam is far from the surface, it is generally chosen to dig tunnels underground to mine coal, which is an underground coal mine. When the coal seam is very close to the surface, it is generally chosen to directly strip the surface soil layer to mine coal, which is an open-pit coal mine. The vast majority of coal mines in my country are underground coal mines. The scope of coal mines includes a large area above ground, underground and related facilities. Coal mines are reasonable spaces excavated by humans when digging coal-rich geological layers, usually including tunnels, shafts, and mining faces, etc.

[0003] Due to its unique physical and chemical properties, open-pit coal mine dust affects the working environment, production efficiency and safety of open-pit coal mines. It can also reduce the visibility of the production site, affect the service life and accuracy of working instruments and equipment, and cause coal miners to suffer from pneumoconiosis due to long-term exposure to dust. According to statistics from relevant departments, there are currently tens of thousands of new cases of pneumoconiosis each year, and coal miners alone account for about 90%. Preliminary estimates show that the number of deaths due to pneumoconiosis in the coal industry has exceeded twice the number of deaths in safety production accidents. It can be seen that open-pit coal mine dust not only affects the safety of coal mines, but also has a serious impact on the life and health of coal miners.

[0004] Open-pit coal mines usually have a vast mining area. In order to improve the efficiency of coal mining, blasting technology and crushing stations are usually used. Blasting technology can effectively destroy coal seams or ore rocks and promote coal mining operations. The crushing station can crush and process the original coal during the mining process, thereby accelerating the subsequent transportation and processing process. During the blasting and crushing process, a large amount of coal dust will be generated. At the same time, the produced coal piles will also be affected by wind during storage, resulting in multiple dust sources in actual open-pit coal mining. In addition, due to factors such as open space and wind, the dust diffusion range is large and the coverage area is wide. As the wind direction changes, the dust may quickly spread to the surrounding areas, greatly increasing the difficulty of dust suppression. Most of the dust suppression operations in existing technologies are carried out by coordinating and planning dust suppression routes and using vehicle-mounted fog cannon devices to suppress dust in open-pit coal mines. There is a lack of intelligent control, and it is impossible to perform precise dust reduction control according to the actual degree of dust pollution, which can easily lead to waste of resources and is not conducive to practical application and operation. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a dust suppression and reduction device and method for open-pit coal mines to solve the following technical problems:

[0006] Most of the existing dust reduction operations are carried out in open-pit coal mines by coordinating and planning dust suppression routes and using vehicle-mounted fog cannon devices. They lack intelligent control and are unable to perform precise dust reduction control based on the actual degree of dust pollution, which can easily lead to a waste of resources and is not conducive to practical application and operation.

[0007] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0008] A method for suppressing and reducing dust in an open-pit coal mine comprises the following steps:

[0009] S1, obtain a mining area map of the open-pit coal mine area and the surrounding area, cut out a rectangular area from the mining area map as a reference area, and divide the reference area into grids to generate a plurality of grid areas; the length of the grid area is 1.6E, and the width is 1.6E, where E is the coverage length corresponding to the maximum power of the fog cannon device; the coverage length is the straight-line distance range of the effective propagation of the water mist spray of the fog cannon device;

[0010] S2, defining the center points of the plurality of grid areas as placement points, obtaining the geographical location corresponding to any placement point, placing a fog cannon device at the geographical location corresponding to the placement point and operating in a preset working mode;

[0011] S3, real-time acquisition of environmental data of any grid area, and real-time adjustment of the power of the fog cannon device corresponding to the grid area according to the environmental data; if there is any grid area with a dust concentration greater than a preset threshold, the grid area is marked as a target area, and the working mode of the fog cannon in the grid area adjacent to the target area is adjusted; the environmental data includes dust concentration, external temperature and wind speed.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: in S1, the width of the reference area is an integer multiple of the grid width; the length of the reference area is an integer multiple of the grid length; and the reference area includes an open-pit coal mine area.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: in S2, the working mode is to rotate horizontally in a clockwise direction with a preset period T.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention: the specific process of determining the final operating power is:

[0015] S31, preset a number of dust concentration thresholds marked as c1, c2, ..., cn in ascending order, and set the initial power (xn, yn) corresponding to the coverage length of the fog cannon device of 0.8E in turn according to the concentration threshold, where n is a positive integer; x is the fan power of the fog cannon device, and y is the pressure pump power of the fog cannon device;

[0016] S32, preset a number of external temperature thresholds in ascending order, and sequentially set temperature correction coefficients α1, α2, ..., αn of the power of the fog cannon device between any adjacent temperature thresholds;

[0017] S33, presetting a number of external wind speed thresholds in ascending order, and sequentially setting wind speed correction coefficients β1, β2, ..., βn of the power of the fog cannon device between any adjacent wind speed thresholds;

[0018] S34, obtain the dust concentration c0 in any grid area, substitute the dust concentration c0 into the S41 step, and obtain the initial power (x0, y0) of the fog cannon device in the grid area, the external temperature t1 and wind speed v1 in the grid area, and substitute these two parameters into the S42 and S43 respectively, to obtain the corresponding temperature correction coefficient αn and wind speed correction coefficient βn, correct the initial power according to the correction coefficient, and obtain the final power (x0*αn*βn, y0*αn*βn) of the fog cannon device in the grid area.

[0019] As a further solution of the present invention: in S3, if the dust concentration threshold in any grid area is greater than the preset dust concentration threshold, the grid area is marked as the target area, and the working mode of the fog cannon device in the adjacent area of ​​the target area is adjusted. The target direction is constructed with the center point of any adjacent grid area as the starting point and the center point of the target area as the end point. The power of the fog cannon device is adjusted and the device works in the target direction. When the target area is less than the dust concentration threshold cn, the working mode of the fog cannon device in the adjacent grid area of ​​the target area is adjusted back.

[0020] As a further solution of the present invention: the specific process of adjusting the power of the fog cannon device in adjacent grid areas is:

[0021] Get the initial power (x1, y1) corresponding to the coverage length E of the fog cannon device, substitute the initial power (x1, y1) into the final power (x0*αn*βn, y0*αn*βn) of the fog cannon device in the grid area, and get the adjusted power (x1*αn*βn, y1*αn*βn).

[0022] As a further solution of the present invention: also include:

[0023] S51, if there are several target areas adjacent to any grid area, the dust concentrations of the several adjacent target areas are obtained in sequence, the target area corresponding to the maximum dust concentration is selected and marked as the first target area, the center point of the grid area is used as the starting point, the center point of the first target area is used as the end point, a first target direction is constructed, the power of the fog cannon device is adjusted, and the device works according to the first target direction;

[0024] S52, when the dust concentration of the target area corresponding to the first target direction is less than the threshold cn, obtain the dust concentration of the remaining adjacent target areas, select the second target area corresponding to the maximum dust concentration from the remaining adjacent target areas, construct the second target direction, adjust the power of the fog cannon device and work according to the first target direction;

[0025] S53, repeating S51 and S52, when there is no adjacent target area in the grid area, resetting the working mode of the fog cannon device in the grid area.

[0026] A dust suppression and dust reduction device for open-pit coal mines, characterized by comprising:

[0027] Grid division module: used to obtain the mining area map of the open-pit coal mine area and the surrounding area, intercept a rectangular area from the mining area map as a reference area, and grid the reference area to generate a number of grid areas; the length of the grid area is 1.6E, and the width is 1.6E, where E is the coverage length corresponding to the maximum power of the fog cannon device; the coverage length is the straight-line distance range of the effective propagation of the water mist spray of the fog cannon device;

[0028] Device setting module: defining the center points of several grid areas as placement points, obtaining the geographical location corresponding to any placement point, placing the fog cannon device at the geographical location corresponding to the placement point and operating in a preset working mode;

[0029] Function adjustment module: obtain the environmental data of any grid area in real time, and adjust the power of the fog cannon device corresponding to the grid area in real time according to the environmental data. If the dust concentration in any grid area is greater than the preset threshold, the grid area will be marked as the target area, and the working mode of the fog cannon in the grid area adjacent to the target area will be adjusted; the environmental data includes dust concentration, external temperature and wind speed.

[0030] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0031] In the present invention, the reference area is divided according to the effective propagation straight-line distance of the fog cannon device as a parameter of the grid; and the establishment of the reference area is determined by the size of the grid area and the open-pit coal mine, so as to achieve the integrity of each grid area after division; the center points of several of the grid areas are defined as placement points, and the fog cannon devices are placed at the geographical locations corresponding to the placement points and work in a preset working mode, and the environmental data of each grid area is obtained in real time, including information such as dust concentration, temperature and wind speed, and the power of the fog cannon device is adjusted according to the conditions of different areas. By timely adjusting the working mode and output power of the fog cannon device, the dust concentration in the target area is effectively reduced, the influence range of dust diffusion is reduced, and the difficulty of dust suppression is reduced. The present invention improves the dust reduction effect and reduces resource waste. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0033] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic flow chart of a method for suppressing and reducing dust in an open-pit coal mine. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] See also Figure 1 As shown, the present invention is a method for suppressing dust in an open-pit coal mine, comprising the following steps:

[0036] S1, obtain a mining area map of the open-pit coal mine area and the surrounding area, cut out a rectangular area from the mining area map as a reference area, and divide the reference area into grids to generate a plurality of grid areas; the length of the grid area is 1.6E, and the width is 1.6E, where E is the coverage length corresponding to the maximum power of the fog cannon device; the coverage length is the straight-line distance range of the effective propagation of the water mist spray of the fog cannon device;

[0037] S2, defining the center points of the plurality of grid areas as placement points, obtaining the geographical location corresponding to any placement point, placing a fog cannon device at the geographical location corresponding to the placement point and operating in a preset working mode;

[0038] S3, real-time acquisition of environmental data of any grid area, and real-time adjustment of the power of the fog cannon device corresponding to the grid area according to the environmental data; if there is any grid area with a dust concentration greater than a preset threshold, the grid area is marked as a target area, and the working mode of the fog cannon in the grid area adjacent to the target area is adjusted; the environmental data includes dust concentration, external temperature and wind speed.

[0039] In the present invention, the reference area is divided according to the effective propagation straight-line distance of the fog cannon device as a parameter of the grid; and the establishment of the reference area is determined by the size of the grid area and the open-pit coal mine, so as to achieve the integrity of each grid area after division; the center points of several of the grid areas are defined as placement points, and the fog cannon devices are placed at the geographical locations corresponding to the placement points and work in a preset working mode, and the environmental data of each grid area is obtained in real time, including information such as dust concentration, temperature and wind speed, and the power of the fog cannon device is adjusted according to the conditions of different areas. By timely adjusting the working mode and output power of the fog cannon device, the dust concentration in the target area is effectively reduced, the influence range of dust diffusion is reduced, and the difficulty of dust suppression is reduced. The present invention improves dust removal efficiency and reduces resource waste.

[0040] It is worth noting that not every corresponding placement point is suitable for placing a fog cannon device. Therefore, in actual applications, the placement of the fog cannon device can be slightly deviated from the geographical coordinates of the center point.

[0041] In another preferred implementation of the present invention, in S1, the width of the reference area is an integer multiple of the grid width; the length of the reference area is an integer multiple of the grid length; and the reference area includes an open-pit coal mine area.

[0042] In another preferred implementation of the present invention, in S2, the working mode is to rotate horizontally in a clockwise direction with a preset period T.

[0043] In another preferred implementation of the present invention, the specific process of determining the final operating power is:

[0044] S31, preset a number of dust concentration thresholds marked as c1, c2, ..., cn in ascending order, and set the initial power (xn, yn) corresponding to the coverage length of the fog cannon device of 0.8E in turn according to the concentration threshold, where n is a positive integer; x is the fan power of the fog cannon device, and y is the pressure pump power of the fog cannon device;

[0045] S32, preset a number of external temperature thresholds in ascending order, and set the temperature correction coefficients α1, α2, ..., αn of the power of the fog cannon device between any adjacent temperature thresholds in sequence;

[0046] S33, presetting a number of external wind speed thresholds in ascending order, and sequentially setting wind speed correction coefficients β1, β2, ..., βn of the power of the fog cannon device between any adjacent wind speed thresholds;

[0047] S34, obtain the dust concentration c0 in any grid area, substitute the dust concentration c0 into the S41 step, and obtain the initial power (x0, y0) of the fog cannon device in the grid area, the external temperature t1 and wind speed v1 in the grid area, and substitute these two parameters into the S42 and S43 respectively, to obtain the corresponding temperature correction coefficient αn and wind speed correction coefficient βn, correct the initial power according to the correction coefficient, and obtain the final power (x0*αn*βn, y0*αn*βn) of the fog cannon device in the grid area.

[0048] By presetting thresholds and setting correction coefficients based on external environmental data, the power of the fog cannon device can be finely regulated to achieve the best dust suppression effect under different external environments. Intelligent management of the fog cannon device is realized, and the power can be automatically adjusted according to environmental conditions, which improves the intelligence and efficiency of management, and adjusts the power of the fog cannon device according to actual conditions, avoiding excessive energy consumption, achieving energy conservation and emission reduction, and is beneficial to environmental protection and sustainable development, helping to improve dust suppression effects and effectively reduce the impact of dust on the environment and health.

[0049] In another preferred implementation of the present invention, in S3, if the dust concentration threshold in any grid area is greater than the dust concentration threshold cn, the grid area is calibrated as the target area, and the working mode of the fog cannon device in the adjacent area of ​​the target area is adjusted, and the target direction is constructed with the center point of any adjacent grid area as the starting point and the center point of the target area as the end point, the power of the fog cannon device is adjusted and the device works in the target direction. When the target area is less than the dust concentration threshold cn, the working mode of the fog cannon device in the adjacent grid area of ​​the target area is adjusted back.

[0050] There are multiple dust sources in open-pit coal mine production. Therefore, when the dust concentration in any grid area is greater than the preset threshold, it means that there is a dust source explosion in the grid area, resulting in too high dust concentration. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out centralized dust reduction in the grid area to prevent the spread of coal dust and affect other areas. Reducing the difficulty of dust suppression can more effectively reduce the impact of dust diffusion on the surrounding environment and improve the dust reduction effect.

[0051] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the specific process of adjusting the power of the fog cannon device in adjacent grid areas is:

[0052] Get the initial power (x1, y1) corresponding to the coverage length E of the fog cannon device, substitute the initial power (x1, y1) into the final power (x0*αn*βn, y0*αn*βn) of the fog cannon device in the grid area, and get the adjusted power (x1*αn*βn, y1*αn*βn).

[0053] In another preferred implementation of the present invention, it also includes:

[0054] S51, if there are several target areas adjacent to any grid area, the dust concentrations of the several adjacent target areas are obtained in sequence, the target area corresponding to the maximum dust concentration is selected and marked as the first target area, the center point of the grid area is used as the starting point, the center point of the first target area is used as the end point, a first target direction is constructed, the power of the fog cannon device is adjusted, and the device works according to the first target direction;

[0055] S52, when the dust concentration of the target area corresponding to the first target direction is less than the threshold cn, obtain the dust concentration of the remaining adjacent target areas, select the second target area corresponding to the maximum dust concentration from the remaining adjacent target areas, construct the second target direction, adjust the power of the fog cannon device and work according to the first target direction;

[0056] S53, repeating S51 and S52, when there is no adjacent target area in the grid area, resetting the working mode of the fog cannon device in the grid area.

[0057] 8. A dust suppression and reduction device for open-pit coal mines, characterized by comprising:

[0058] Grid division module: used to obtain the mining area map of the open-pit coal mine area and the surrounding area, intercept a rectangular area from the mining area map as a reference area, and grid the reference area to generate a number of grid areas; the length of the grid area is 1.6E, and the width is 1.6E, where E is the coverage length corresponding to the maximum power of the fog cannon device; the coverage length is the straight-line distance range of the effective propagation of the water mist spray of the fog cannon device;

[0059] Device setting module: defining the center points of several grid areas as placement points, obtaining the geographical location corresponding to any placement point, placing the fog cannon device at the geographical location corresponding to the placement point and operating in a preset working mode;

[0060] Function adjustment module: obtain the environmental data of any grid area in real time, and adjust the power of the fog cannon device corresponding to the grid area in real time according to the environmental data. If the dust concentration in any grid area is greater than the preset threshold, the grid area will be marked as the target area, and the working mode of the fog cannon in the grid area adjacent to the target area will be adjusted; the environmental data includes dust concentration, external temperature and wind speed.

[0061] The above is a detailed description of an embodiment of the present invention, but the content is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and cannot be considered to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. All equivalent changes and improvements made within the scope of the present invention should still fall within the scope of the patent coverage of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for dust suppression in open-pit coal mines, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, obtain a mining area map of the open-pit coal mine area and the surrounding area, cut out a rectangular area from the mining area map as a reference area, and divide the reference area into grids to generate a plurality of grid areas; the length of the grid area is 1.6E, and the width is 1.6E, where E is the coverage length corresponding to the maximum power of the fog cannon device; the coverage length is the straight-line distance range of the effective propagation of the water mist spray of the fog cannon device; S2, defining the center points of the plurality of grid areas as placement points, placing a fog cannon device at the geographical location corresponding to the placement point and operating in a preset working mode; S3, real-time acquisition of environmental data of any grid area, the environmental data including dust concentration, external temperature and wind speed, and real-time adjustment of the power of the fog cannon device corresponding to the grid area according to the environmental data. If the dust concentration in any grid area is greater than a preset threshold, the grid area is marked as a target area, and the working mode and output power of the fog cannon devices in the grid areas adjacent to the target area are adjusted respectively.

2. A dust suppression and reduction method for open-pit coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the width of the reference area is an integer multiple of the grid width; the length of the reference area is an integer multiple of the grid length; and the reference area includes an open-pit coal mine area.

3. The dust suppression and reduction method in an open-pit coal mine according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, the working mode is to rotate horizontally clockwise with a preset period T.

4. The dust suppression and reduction method in an open-pit coal mine according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S3, the specific process of adjusting the power of the fog cannon device in real time is: S31, preset a number of dust concentration thresholds marked as c1, c2, ..., cn in ascending order, and set the initial power (xn, yn) corresponding to the coverage length of the fog cannon device of 0.8E in turn according to the concentration threshold, where n is a positive integer; wherein xn is the fan power in the fog cannon device, and yn is the pressure pump power in the fog cannon device; S32, preset a number of external temperature thresholds in ascending order, and set the temperature correction coefficients α1, α2, ..., αn of the power of the fog cannon device between any adjacent temperature thresholds in sequence; S33, presetting a number of external wind speed thresholds in ascending order, and sequentially setting wind speed correction coefficients β1, β2, ..., βn of the power of the fog cannon device between any adjacent wind speed thresholds; S34, obtain the dust concentration c0 in any grid area, substitute the dust concentration c0 into the S41 step, and obtain the initial power (x0, y0) of the fog cannon device in the grid area, the external temperature t1 and wind speed v1 in the grid area, and substitute these two parameters into the S32 and S33 respectively, to obtain the corresponding temperature correction coefficient αn and wind speed correction coefficient βn, correct the initial power according to the correction coefficient, and obtain the final power (x0*αn*βn, y0*αn*βn) of the fog cannon device in the grid area.

5. The dust suppression and reduction method in an open-pit coal mine according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S3, if the dust concentration threshold in any grid area is greater than the preset dust concentration threshold, the grid area is marked as the target area, and the working mode of the fog cannon device in the adjacent area of ​​the target area is adjusted. The target direction is constructed with the center point of any adjacent grid area as the starting point and the center point of the target area as the end point. The power of the fog cannon device in the adjacent grid area is adjusted and the device works in the target direction. When the target area is less than the dust concentration threshold cn, the fog cannon device in the adjacent grid area is adjusted back to the preset working mode, and the power of the fog cannon device is readjusted according to the environmental data of the adjacent grid.

6. A dust suppression and reduction method for open-pit coal mines according to claim 5, characterized in that: The specific process of adjusting the power of the fog cannon device in adjacent grid areas is as follows: Obtain the maximum initial power (x1, y1) corresponding to the coverage length E of the fog cannon device, substitute the initial power (x1, y1) into the final power (x0*αn*βn, y0*αn*βn) of the fog cannon device in the grid area, and obtain the adjusted power (x1*αn*βn, y1*αn*βn).

7. A dust suppression and reduction method for open-pit coal mines according to claim 5, characterized in that: Also includes: S51, if there are several target areas adjacent to any grid area, the dust concentrations of the several adjacent target areas are obtained in sequence, the target area corresponding to the maximum dust concentration is selected and marked as the first target area, the center point of the grid area is used as the starting point, the center point of the first target area is used as the end point, a first target direction is constructed, the power of the fog cannon device is adjusted, and the device works according to the first target direction; S52, when the dust concentration of the target area corresponding to the first target direction is less than the threshold cn, obtain the dust concentration of the remaining adjacent target areas, select the second target area corresponding to the maximum dust concentration from the remaining adjacent target areas, construct the second target direction, adjust the power of the fog cannon device and work according to the first target direction; S53, repeating S51 and S52, when there is no adjacent target area in the grid area, adjusting the fog cannon device in the adjacent grid area back to the preset working mode, and readjusting the power of the fog cannon device according to the environmental data of the adjacent grid.

8. An open-pit coal mine dust suppression device, used to implement an open-pit coal mine dust suppression method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include: Grid division module: used to obtain the mining area map of the open-pit coal mine area and the surrounding area, intercept a rectangular area from the mining area map as a reference area, and grid the reference area to generate a number of grid areas; the length of the grid area is 1.6E, and the width is 1.6E, where E is the coverage length corresponding to the maximum power of the fog cannon device; the coverage length is the straight-line distance range of the effective propagation of the water mist spray of the fog cannon device; Device setting module: defining the center points of several grid areas as placement points, obtaining the geographical location corresponding to any placement point, placing the fog cannon device at the geographical location corresponding to the placement point and operating in a preset working mode; Function adjustment module: Real-time acquisition of environmental data of any grid area, the environmental data including dust concentration, outside temperature and wind speed, and real-time adjustment of the power of the fog cannon device corresponding to the grid area according to the environmental data. If the dust concentration in any grid area is greater than the preset threshold, the grid area is marked as the target area, and the working mode and output power of the fog cannon device in the grid areas adjacent to the target area are adjusted respectively.

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