Calculation method of formwork usage applicable to construction sites

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for calculating the amount of formwork applicable to a construction site. First, a reasonable calculation coefficient is determined according to the component parameters. By multiplying the component projection area easily obtained in the wood flip diagram by the reasonable adjustment coefficient obtained by the formula, the amount of single-layer plywood formwork in the building can be quickly obtained, thereby efficiently guiding on-site construction and material allocation. The method for calculating the amount of formwork applicable to a construction site provides a calculation method for the engineering quantity calculation of plywood formwork in concrete engineering, which can effectively improve the efficiency and accuracy of formwork calculation, save construction costs, and is applicable to wood flip calculation and material application work at the construction site. The calculation method is simple and easy to understand in concept, with a small amount of calculation, which is easy for on-site personnel to understand and operate, and has strong feasibility. It solves the problem that the traditional modeling calculation relies on the accuracy of the previous modeling and is relatively costly; the existing manual calculation method based on drawings has low calculation efficiency and large errors.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of template calculation in reinforced concrete structural engineering, and in particular relates to a template usage calculation method suitable for a construction site. Background Art

[0002] Formwork engineering is an important part of building construction. At present, the formwork type in reinforced concrete structure engineering is mainly plywood formwork. There are three main methods for calculating the existing formwork quantity: (1) After modeling the building in professional modeling software, the contact area between the concrete component and the formwork is output through the software; (2) Relying on manual calculation of the contact area of ​​all components with the formwork in the CAD drawing and then summing them up; (3) Roughly estimating by multiplying the projected area of ​​the component by the empirical coefficient. The first method relies on the accuracy of the preliminary modeling and is costly; the second method has low calculation efficiency and is not conducive to rapid calculation during the construction process; the coefficient in the third method mainly relies on the empirical estimation of the quantity calculation personnel, which has a large error and is easy to cause material waste.

[0003] Therefore, how to provide a method for calculating the amount of formwork used that is suitable for a construction site is a technical problem that those skilled in the art need to solve urgently. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a method for calculating the amount of formwork used in construction sites. First, a reasonable calculation coefficient is determined according to the component parameters. The projection area of ​​the component easily obtained in the wood flip diagram is multiplied by the reasonable adjustment coefficient obtained by the formula to quickly obtain the amount of single-layer plywood formwork in the building, thereby efficiently guiding on-site construction and material allocation.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention includes the following technical solutions:

[0006] The calculation method of formwork usage applicable to the construction site includes the following steps:

[0007] Step S1: According to the wood drawing of a single-layer beam-slab component of a standard floor of the building, the entire outer contour area S of the single-layer beam-slab is obtained by using the "area" command in CAD. 1 ;

[0008] Step S2: Based on the wood turning diagram, calculate the opening area influence coefficient k of the single-layer beam and slab formwork according to the opening distribution d , used to correct the template usage error caused by opening the hole;

[0009] Step S3: Based on the wood turn drawing, calculate the beam side form influence coefficient k of the single-layer beam-slab formwork according to the cross-sectional dimensions of the beam component. c , used to correct the template usage error caused by the beam side formwork;

[0010] Step S4: Accurately and quickly calculate the template usage S of the single-layer beam-slab component based on the beam-slab contour area, the opening area influence coefficient and the beam side form influence coefficient. L , the calculation method is:

[0011] S L =S 1 ×(k d +k c ), where S is in mm 2 ;

[0012] Step S5: According to the single-layer column and wall wood drawing, the plane projection area S of the column and wall of this layer is obtained by using the "area" command in CAD. 2 From the figure, we can get the layer height H of this layer and the thickness c of the upper layer plate component, and get the template consumption S of the single layer column and wall component Z， The calculation method is:

[0013] S Z = S 2 ×( H -c), H and c are in mm, S is in mm 2 ;

[0014] Step S6: Based on the wood flip diagram, calculate the special component influence coefficient k according to the number of special components such as double beams, flip beams, cantilever plates, etc. in this layer. t , used to correct the template usage error caused by special components;

[0015] Step S7, accurately and quickly calculate the amount of single-layer plywood formwork S according to each influence coefficient, beam and slab area, and column and wall area, and the calculation formula is:

[0016] S=k 0 ·k t ·(S L +S Z ) = 1.05·(1.4-0.4·0.98 n )·[S 1 ·(k d +k c )+S Z ]

[0017] Among them, k 0 is the template cutting loss coefficient, which is taken as 1.05;

[0018] k t is the influence coefficient of special components;

[0019] S L The formwork consumption of single-layer beam-slab components, in mm 2 ;

[0020] SZ The formwork consumption of single-layer column and wall components, in mm 2 ;

[0021] k d is the opening area influence coefficient;

[0022] k c is the beam side form influence coefficient;

[0023] S is the amount of single-layer plywood formwork, in mm 2 .

[0024] Furthermore, the hole area influence coefficient k in step S2 d The method for determining is: in the single-layer beam-slab wood flip diagram, select a rectangular area, the area of ​​which accounts for 1 / 3 of the total plane area of ​​the entire single layer, and divide the opening area in the area by the area of ​​the rectangular area to obtain the opening area ratio a 1 , randomly select 3 times and obtain a 1 , a 2 , a 3 , opening area influence coefficient k d The calculation formula is as follows:

[0025] k d =1-(a 1 +a 2 +a 3 ) / 3, where k and a have no units.

[0026] Furthermore, the beam side form influence coefficient k of the single-layer beam slab formwork in step S3 is c The calculation method is as follows: First, find the minimum cross-sectional width d of the beam in the beam-slab wood flip diagram. min and the maximum cross-sectional width d max , the minimum cross-sectional height of the beam h min and maximum cross-sectional height h max In the single-layer beam-slab wood flip diagram, select a rectangular area, the area of ​​which accounts for 1 / 3 of the total plane area of ​​the entire single layer. Divide the projection area of ​​the beam in the area by the area of ​​the rectangular area to get the beam projection area ratio b 1 , randomly select 3 times and obtain b 1 , b 2 , b 3 , then the beam side form influence coefficient k c The calculation formula is as follows:

[0027] k c =(b 1 +b 2 +b 3 )·(h min +h max ) / (3dmin +3d max )

[0028] Among them, d and h are in mm, b and k c No units.

[0029] Furthermore, the influence coefficient k of the single-layer special component in step S6 is t The calculation method is as follows: from the wood turning diagram of the standard layer, the number of special components n, such as double beams, upturned beams, and cantilevered boards, that affect the formwork engineering quantity, is counted, and the special component influence coefficient k is obtained by the following formula t ,

[0030] k t = 1.4-0.4×0.98 n , where k t No unit. n is units.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0032] The present invention provides a method for calculating the amount of formwork applicable to construction sites. First, according to the factors that affect the amount of formwork used for concrete components, a reasonable adjustment coefficient for calculating the amount of formwork is determined. By multiplying the projection area of ​​the component that is easily obtained in the wood flip diagram by the reasonable adjustment coefficient obtained by the formula, the amount of single-layer plywood formwork used in the building can be quickly obtained, thereby efficiently guiding on-site construction and material allocation. The method for calculating the amount of formwork applicable to construction sites provides a calculation method for the engineering quantity calculation of plywood formwork in concrete engineering, which can effectively improve the efficiency and accuracy of formwork calculation, save construction costs, and is applicable to wood flip calculation and material application work at construction sites. The calculation method is simple and easy to understand in concept, has a small amount of calculation, is easy for on-site personnel to understand and operate, and has strong feasibility, which solves the problem that the current traditional modeling calculation relies on the accuracy of the previous modeling and is relatively costly; the existing manual calculation method based on drawings has low calculation efficiency and large errors. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following is a further detailed description of a method for calculating the amount of templates used in a construction site provided by the present invention in conjunction with a specific embodiment. The advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description. Embodiment 1

[0034] A method for calculating the amount of formwork used at a construction site, the method comprising the following steps:

[0035] Step S1: According to the wood drawing of a single-layer beam-slab component of a standard floor of the building, the entire outer contour area S of the single-layer beam-slab is obtained by using the "area" command in CAD. 1 ;

[0036] Step S2: Based on the wood turning diagram, calculate the opening area influence coefficient k of the single-layer beam and slab formwork according to the opening distribution d , used to correct the template usage error caused by opening the hole;

[0037] Step S3: Based on the wood turn drawing, calculate the beam side form influence coefficient k of the single-layer beam-slab formwork according to the cross-sectional dimensions of the beam component. c , used to correct the template usage error caused by the beam side formwork;

[0038] Step S4: Accurately and quickly calculate the template usage S of the single-layer beam-slab component based on the beam-slab contour area, the opening area influence coefficient and the beam side form influence coefficient. L , the calculation method is:

[0039] S L =S 1 ×(k d +k c ), where S is in mm 2 ;

[0040] Step S5: According to the single-layer column and wall wood drawing, the plane projection area S of the column and wall of this layer is obtained by using the "area" command in CAD. 2 From the figure, we can get the layer height H of this layer and the thickness c of the upper layer plate component, and get the template consumption S of the single layer column and wall component Z， The calculation method is:

[0041] S Z = S 2 ×( H -c), H and c are in mm, S is in mm 2 ;

[0042] Step S6: Based on the wood flip diagram, calculate the special component influence coefficient k according to the number of special components such as double beams, flip beams, cantilever plates, etc. in this layer. t , used to correct the template usage error caused by special components;

[0043] Step S7, accurately and quickly calculate the amount of single-layer plywood formwork S according to each influence coefficient, beam and slab area, and column and wall area, and the calculation formula is:

[0044] S=k 0 ·k t ·(S L +S Z ) = 1.05·(1.4-0.4·0.98 n )·[S 1 ·(k d +k c )+S Z ]

[0045] Among them, k 0 is the template cutting loss coefficient, which is taken as 1.05;

[0046] k t is the influence coefficient of special components;

[0047] S L The formwork consumption of single-layer beam-slab components, in mm 2 ;

[0048] S Z The formwork consumption of single-layer column and wall components, in mm 2 ;

[0049] k d is the opening area influence coefficient;

[0050] k c is the beam side form influence coefficient;

[0051] S is the amount of single-layer plywood formwork, in mm 2 .

[0052] In this embodiment, more preferably, the hole area influence coefficient k in step S2 d The method for determining is: in the single-layer beam-slab wood flip diagram, select a rectangular area, the area of ​​which accounts for 1 / 3 of the total plane area of ​​the entire single layer, and divide the opening area in the area by the area of ​​the rectangular area to obtain the opening area ratio a 1 , randomly select 3 times and obtain a 1 , a 2 , a 3 , opening area influence coefficient k d The calculation formula is as follows:

[0053] k d =1-(a 1 +a 2 +a 3 ) / 3, where k and a have no units.

[0054] In this embodiment, more preferably, the beam side form influence coefficient k of the single-layer beam slab formwork in step S3 is c The calculation method is as follows: First, find the minimum cross-sectional width d of the beam in the beam-slab wood flip diagram. min and the maximum cross-sectional width d max , the minimum cross-sectional height of the beam h min and maximum cross-sectional height h max In the single-layer beam-slab wood flip diagram, select a rectangular area, the area of ​​which accounts for 1 / 3 of the total plane area of ​​the entire single layer. Divide the projection area of ​​the beam in the area by the area of ​​the rectangular area to get the beam projection area ratio b 1, randomly select 3 times and obtain b 1 , b 2 , b 3 , then the beam side form influence coefficient k c The calculation formula is as follows:

[0055] k c =(b 1 +b 2 +b 3 )·(h min +h max ) / (3d min +3d max )

[0056] Among them, d and h are in mm, b and k c No units.

[0057] In this embodiment, more preferably, the single-layer special component influence coefficient k in step S6 t The calculation method is as follows: from the wood turning diagram of the standard layer, the number of special components n, such as double beams, upturned beams, and cantilevered boards, that affect the formwork engineering quantity, is counted, and the special component influence coefficient k is obtained by the following formula t ,

[0058] k t = 1.4-0.4×0.98 n , where k t No unit. n is units.

[0059] The template usage calculation method applicable to the construction site first determines a reasonable calculation coefficient based on the influencing factors of the component template usage. By multiplying the component projection area easily obtained in the wood flip diagram by the reasonable adjustment coefficient obtained by the formula, the usage of the single-layer plywood template in the building can be quickly obtained, thereby efficiently guiding on-site construction and material allocation. The template usage calculation method applicable to the construction site provides a calculation method for the engineering quantity calculation of plywood templates in concrete engineering, which can effectively improve the efficiency and accuracy of template calculation, save construction costs, and is applicable to wood flip calculation and material application work at the construction site.

[0060] The above examples are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that, for those of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A method for calculating the amount of formwork used in construction sites, characterized in that: The calculation method comprises the following steps: Step S1, according to the wood turn drawing of the single-layer beam-slab component of a certain standard layer of the building, the "area" command in CAD is used to obtain the entire outer contour area S1 of the single-layer beam-slab; Step S2: Based on the wood turning diagram, calculate the opening area influence coefficient k of the single-layer beam and slab formwork according to the opening distribution d , used to correct the template usage error caused by opening the hole; Step S3: Based on the wood turn drawing, calculate the beam side form influence coefficient k of the single-layer beam-slab formwork according to the cross-sectional dimensions of the beam component. c , used to correct the template usage error caused by the beam side formwork; Step S4: Accurately and quickly calculate the template usage S of the single-layer beam-slab component based on the beam-slab contour area, the opening area influence coefficient and the beam side form influence coefficient. L , the calculation method is: S L =S1×(k d +k c ), where S is in mm 2 ; Step S5: According to the single-layer column and wall wood drawing, the "area" command in CAD is used to obtain the plane projection area S2 of the column and wall of this layer. The layer height H and the thickness c of the upper plate component are obtained from the drawing to obtain the template consumption S of the single-layer column and wall component. Z， The calculation method is: S Z = S2×( H -c), H and c are in mm, S is in mm 2 ; Step S6: Based on the wood flip diagram, calculate the special component influence coefficient k according to the number of special components in the layer. t , used to correct the template usage error caused by special components, including double beams, upturned beams, and cantilevered plates; Step S7, accurately and quickly calculate the amount of single-layer plywood formwork S according to each influence coefficient, beam and slab area, and column and wall area, and the calculation formula is: S=k0·k t ·(S L +S Z )=1.05·(1.4-0.4·0.98 n )·[S1·(k d +k c )+S Z ] Among them, k0 is the template cutting loss coefficient, which is 1.05; k t is the influence coefficient of special components; S L The formwork consumption of single-layer beam-slab components, in mm 2 ; S Z The formwork consumption of single-layer column and wall components, in mm 2 ; k d is the opening area influence coefficient; k c is the beam side form influence coefficient; S is the amount of single-layer plywood formwork, in mm 2 .

2. The calculation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hole area influence coefficient k in step S2 d The determination method is as follows: in the single-layer beam-slab wood flip diagram, select a rectangular area, the area of ​​the rectangular area accounts for 1 / 3 of the total plane area of ​​the entire single layer, divide the opening area in the area by the area of ​​the rectangular area, and get the opening area ratio a1. Randomly select 3 times to obtain a1, a2, a3, and the opening area influence coefficient k respectively. d The calculation formula is as follows: k d =1-(a1+a2+a3) / 3, where k and a have no units.

3. The calculation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The beam side formwork influence coefficient k of the single-layer beam-slab formwork in step S3 c The calculation method is as follows: First, find the minimum cross-sectional width d of the beam in the beam-slab wood flip diagram. min and the maximum cross-sectional width d max , the minimum cross-sectional height of the beam h min and maximum cross-sectional height h max In the single-layer beam-slab wood flip diagram, select a rectangular area, the area of ​​which accounts for 1 / 3 of the total plane area of ​​the entire single layer. Divide the projection area of ​​the beam in the area by the area of ​​the rectangular area to obtain the beam projection area ratio b1. Randomly select 3 times and obtain b1, b2, and b3 respectively. Then the beam side form influence coefficient k c The calculation formula is as follows: <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr">k<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> c <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> =(b1+b2+b3)·(h)<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> min <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> +h<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> max <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> ) / (3d<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> min <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> +3d<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> max <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> ) Among them, d and h are in mm, b and k c No units.

4. The calculation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The influence coefficient k of the single-layer special component in step S6 t The calculation method is as follows: from the wood turning diagram of the standard layer, the number of special components n, such as double beams, upturned beams, and cantilevered boards, that affect the formwork engineering quantity, is counted, and the special component influence coefficient k is obtained by the following formula t , k t = 1.4-0.4×0.98 n , where k t No unit. n is units.