Lithium battery cell thermal runaway detection device

Abstract

The invention discloses a lithium battery cell thermal runaway detection device, and belongs to the technical field of power battery thermal runaway prediction. A row channel control circuit and a column channel control circuit are arranged at the row channel of the adjacent battery cells, and the row channel control circuit and the column channel control circuit comprise a gas sensor; the U-shaped sliding rail is arranged on one side of all the battery cells distributed in rows and is provided with a movable fan; the first movable wind shield is mounted at one corner, close to a battery tab, of each battery cell except the last column of battery cells; the second movable wind shield is mounted at one corner, opposite to the first movable wind shield, of each battery cell except the first column of battery cells, and a reflector is embedded on the surface of the second movable wind shield; the third movable wind shield is mounted at one corner, close to the battery tab, of the last column of battery cells, and a reflector is embedded on the surface; the LED lamps are mounted on the side walls of the lithium batteries opposite to the channels in each row, and a photodiode is mounted below each LED lamp. According to the invention, rapid detection and accurate positioning of the out-of-control battery cell are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of thermal runaway prediction of power batteries, and in particular relates to a thermal runaway detection device for a lithium battery cell. Background Art

[0002] As a type of new energy vehicle, electric vehicles play an important role in the development of new energy vehicles in my country. Power batteries represented by lithium batteries are widely used in electric vehicles due to their high energy density, wide application range, and green environmental protection. At the same time, electric vehicle fires and explosions caused by thermal runaway of power batteries also occur frequently.

[0003] In order to reduce the occurrence of thermal runaway, voltage detection and over-temperature detection are usually used for thermal runaway detection. However, after these two methods detect thermal runaway anomalies, a thermal runaway chain reaction has often occurred, and it is too late to take measures. When a power battery has thermal runaway, in addition to temperature rise and voltage fluctuations, there will also be gas emissions, and gas emissions often occur earlier. Therefore, by quickly detecting the abnormal gas emitted, it is possible to predict whether the battery cell has thermal runaway, and take timely measures to prevent the spread of thermal runaway. Therefore, it is possible to determine whether the battery cell has thermal runaway by abnormal gas, and accurately locate the location of the thermal runaway battery cell.

[0004] However, currently no device has been designed to effectively determine thermal runaway of battery cells through abnormal gases. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a lithium battery cell thermal runaway detection device. The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] An embodiment of the present invention provides a lithium battery cell thermal runaway detection device, comprising:

[0007] A lithium battery, wherein a plurality of cells are arranged in rows and columns; a row channel control circuit and a column channel control circuit are arranged at the row channel between adjacent cells, and the row channel control circuit and the column channel control circuit respectively include a gas sensor; a U-shaped slide rail is arranged on one side of all cells arranged in the row, and a movable fan is installed on the U-shaped slide rail; a plurality of first movable wind shields are installed at a corner of each cell except the last cell in the row close to the battery ear, and in an initial state, all the first movable wind shields close the column channel between adjacent cells; a plurality of second movable wind shields are installed at the cell except the last cell in the row; Each battery cell outside a row of battery cells is disposed at a corner diagonally to the first movable windshield, and a reflector is inlaid on the surface of each second movable windshield. In the initial state, all second movable windshields close the row channels between adjacent battery cells; a plurality of third movable windshields are installed at a corner of each battery cell near the battery ear of the last row of battery cells, and a reflector is inlaid on the surface of each third movable windshield. In the initial state, all third movable windshields close the row channels between adjacent battery cells; a plurality of LED lamps are installed on the side wall of the lithium battery opposite to each row channel, and a photodiode is installed under each LED lamp;

[0008] Wherein, during the movement of the movable fan: when the movable fan moves to a certain row channel, the row channel control circuit corresponding to the row channel is turned on, the third movable wind shield corresponding to the row channel is turned on, the gas sensor in the row channel control circuit corresponding to the row channel is turned on by the reflector on the third movable wind shield, and the gas detector corresponding to the row channel is used to detect whether there is an abnormality. When the gas detectors corresponding to two adjacent row channels detect an abnormality, the row where the thermal runaway cell is located is located, and the LED lights corresponding to the two adjacent row channels when the abnormality occurs are lit. The LED lights act on the corresponding photodiodes to turn on the column channel control circuit, and the corresponding first movable wind shield and second movable wind shield are turned on starting from the second to last column channel, the gas detector in the column channel control circuit of the corresponding column channel is turned on by the reflector on the second movable wind shield, and it is determined whether the gas detector of the corresponding column channel detects an abnormality. When the gas detector corresponding to a certain column channel does not detect an abnormality, the column where the thermal runaway cell is located is located, and the position of the thermal runaway cell is determined according to the located row and column of the thermal runaway cell.

[0009] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0010] The lithium battery cell thermal runaway detection device proposed in the present invention realizes rapid detection and precise positioning of thermal runaway batteries through the coordinated work of a row channel control circuit, a column channel control circuit, a plurality of movable baffles and a movable fan. Specifically: when the movable fan moves to the row channel of the corresponding battery cell, it will stay for a period of time to blow away the abnormal gas diffused from other places and dissipate the heat. Then, detection can be carried out to eliminate interference and make the detection more accurate. During the detection, the movable fan continues to rotate, so that the influence of heat and interfering gas transmitted from other places on the detection is further reduced. After the abnormal gas diffused from other places is blown away and the heat is dissipated, the gas sensor in the row channel control circuit of the present invention is turned on to detect whether there is thermal runaway characteristic gas, and similarly, the gas sensor in the column channel control circuit is turned on to detect whether there is thermal runaway characteristic gas body, thereby locating the rows and columns of thermal runaway cells, so as to accurately locate the positions of thermal runaway cells; a variety of movable wind shields are arranged on the cells of the present invention, which can realize the closure of channels perpendicular to the wind direction or change the gas flow direction, so that the thermal runaway characteristic gas is quickly transmitted to the gas sensor, thereby quickly locating the positions of the thermal runaway cells; the present invention only turns on the row channel control circuit on the corresponding row channel after the movable fan reaches the row channel, and then uses the gas sensor in the row channel control circuit to perform row channel thermal runaway anomaly detection, which can save the power supply time of the sensor, reduce power consumption, and extend the service life of the sensor; the column channel control circuit of the present invention is controlled by the row channel control circuit, and will not be turned on when thermal runaway of the cell of a row channel is not detected. This control method can reduce the mechanical structure, speed up the detection speed, and further reduce power consumption.

[0011] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a lithium battery cell thermal runaway detection device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0013] Figure 2 The embodiment of the present invention provides Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of the middle U-shaped slide rail;

[0014] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a movable fan provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 4 A structural schematic diagram of the positions of the first movable wind shield plate and the second movable wind shield plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of a first movable wind shield provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 6A schematic structural diagram of a second movable wind shield provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of a third movable wind shield provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a row channel control circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a column channel control circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the structure of a temperature sensor selection switch provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electromagnet selection switch provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of the structure of the LED lamp and the photodiode position provided at the row channel according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Fig.13 A schematic diagram of the structure of the gas sensor and the photoresistor provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 14(a) to Figure 14(b) A schematic diagram of the gas flow between battery cells distributed in rows and columns provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Description of reference numerals:

[0027] 1-U-shaped slide rail; 2-movable fan; 3-air outlet; 4-first movable windshield; 5-second movable windshield; 6-third movable windshield; 7-battery core; 8-fixed windshield; 9-proximity switch; 10-fan; 11-first micro motor; 12-first micro reducer; 13-pulley; 14-temperature sensor; 15-electromagnet; 16-light-emitting diode; 17-first windshield B surface; 18-first central axis; 19-first windshield A surface; 20-second windshield A surface; 21-permanent magnet; 22-second windshield Wind plate surface B; 23-second central axis; 24-movable door; 25-third wind shield surface B; 26-third central axis; 27-third wind shield surface A; 28-first rotating component; 29-second micro reducer; 30-light emitting diode; 31-second micro motor; 32-first base; 33-LED lamp; 34-photodiode D5; 35-photodiode D4; 36-gas sensor; 37-photoresistor; 38-second rotating component; 39-third micro reducer; 40-third micro motor; 41-second base. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0029] See also Figure 1 The embodiment of the present invention provides a thermal runaway detection device for a lithium battery cell, the device comprising: a lithium battery, wherein a plurality of cells 7 are arranged in rows and columns in the lithium battery; a row channel control circuit and a column channel control circuit are arranged at the row channel between adjacent cells 7, and the row channel control circuit and the column channel control circuit respectively comprise a gas sensor; a U-shaped slide rail 1, arranged at one side of all cells 7 arranged in the row, and a movable fan 2 is installed on the U-shaped slide rail 1; a plurality of first movable wind shields 4, installed at a corner of each cell 7 except the last column of cells 7 close to the battery pole ear, and in an initial state, all the first movable wind shields 4 close the column channel between adjacent cells 7; a plurality of second movable wind shields 5, installed at a position between each cell 7 except the first column of cells 7 and the first movable wind shields 5; The movable windshield 4 is at a corner of the diagonal distribution, and each second movable windshield 5 is inlaid with a reflector on the surface. In the initial state, all the second movable windshields 5 close the column channels between adjacent battery cells 7; a plurality of third movable windshields 6 are installed at a corner of each battery cell 7 of the last column of battery cells close to the battery pole ear, and each third movable windshield 6 is inlaid with a reflector on the surface. In the initial state, all the third movable windshields 6 close the row channels between adjacent battery cells 7; a fixed windshield 8 is installed at the intersection of the row channel of the last row and the column channel of the last column, so that the gas flowing through the row channel of the last row flows into the column channel of the last column; a plurality of LED lamps are installed on the side wall of the lithium battery opposite to each row channel, and a photodiode is installed under each LED lamp;

[0030] Wherein, during the movement of the movable fan 2: when the movable fan 2 moves to a certain row channel, the row channel control circuit corresponding to the row channel is turned on, the third movable wind shield 6 corresponding to the row channel is turned on, the gas sensor in the row channel control circuit corresponding to the row channel is turned on through the reflector on the third movable wind shield 6, and the gas detector corresponding to the row channel is used to detect whether there is an abnormality. When the gas detectors corresponding to two adjacent row channels detect an abnormality, the row where the thermal runaway battery cell 7 is located is located, and at the same time, the LED lights corresponding to the two adjacent row channels are lit when the abnormality occurs, and the LED lights act on the corresponding photodiodes to turn on the column channel control circuit, and the corresponding first movable wind shield 4 and second movable wind shield 5 are opened starting from the second to last column channel, the gas detector in the column channel control circuit of the corresponding column channel is turned on through the reflector on the second movable wind shield 5, and it is determined whether the gas detector of the corresponding column channel detects an abnormality. When the gas detector corresponding to a certain column channel does not detect an abnormality, the column where the thermal runaway battery cell 7 is located is located, and the position of the thermal runaway battery cell 7 is determined according to the located row and column of the thermal runaway battery cell 7.

[0031] It can be seen that the lithium battery cell thermal runaway detection device proposed in the embodiment of the present invention realizes the rapid detection and precise positioning of thermal runaway batteries through the coordinated work of the row channel control circuit, the column channel control circuit, a variety of movable baffles and the movable fan. Specifically: when the movable fan 2 moves to the row channel corresponding to the battery cell 7, it will stay for a period of time to blow away the abnormal gas diffused from other places and dissipate the heat. Then, the detection can be carried out to eliminate interference and make the detection more accurate. During the detection, the movable fan 2 continues to rotate, so that the influence of heat and interfering gas transmitted from other places on the detection is further reduced. After the abnormal gas diffused from other places is blown away and the heat is dissipated, the gas sensor in the row channel control circuit of the embodiment of the present invention is turned on to detect whether there is thermal runaway characteristic gas, and similarly, the gas sensor in the column channel control circuit is turned on to detect whether there is thermal runaway characteristic gas. , thereby locating the rows and columns of the thermal runaway battery cells 7, so as to accurately locate the positions of the thermal runaway battery cells 7; in the embodiment of the present invention, a variety of movable wind shields are arranged on the battery cells 7, which can realize the closure of the channels perpendicular to the wind direction or change the gas flow direction, so that the thermal runaway characteristic gas is quickly transmitted to the gas sensor, thereby quickly locating the positions of the thermal runaway battery cells; in the embodiment of the present invention, the row channel control circuit on the corresponding row channel is turned on only after the movable fan 2 reaches the row channel, and then the gas sensor in the row channel control circuit is used to perform row channel thermal runaway abnormality detection, which can save the power supply time of the sensor, reduce power consumption, and extend the service life of the sensor; in the embodiment of the present invention, the column channel control circuit is controlled by the row channel control circuit, and is not turned on when the thermal runaway of the battery cells in a certain row channel is not detected. This control method can reduce the mechanical structure, speed up the detection speed, and further reduce power consumption.

[0032] Furthermore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the U-shaped rail 1 is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the lithium battery, and the fixing method can be screw connection, etc. The U-shaped rail 1 is perpendicular to the row channel and parallel to the column channel. Figure 2 As shown, each small hole is opposite to a row of channels, that is, the interval between adjacent small holes is equal to the gap between adjacent rows of channels, so that when the movable fan 2 moves to the small hole, the corresponding row channel control circuit is triggered to turn on the row channel control circuit.

[0033] In the embodiment of the present invention, the movable fan 2 is as follows Figure 3 As shown, it includes a first micro motor 11, a first micro reducer 12, a fan 10 and a pulley 13; wherein the fan 10 is mounted on the first micro motor 11, the first micro motor 11 is connected to the first micro reducer 12, and the first micro reducer 12 drives the pulley 13 to move horizontally on the U-shaped slide rail 1. Figure 3 The structure shown can control the movable fan 2 to move horizontally on the U-shaped slide rail 1 through the pulley 13, and the proximity switch in the small hole can be triggered during the movement (subsequent Figure 8 The proximity switch K1) can realize the delayed opening and closing of the corresponding row channel control circuit through the proximity switch.

[0034] Furthermore, the embodiment of the present invention designs three kinds of movable wind shields, namely the first movable wind shield 4, the second movable wind shield 5, and the third movable wind shield 6, which can play the role of closing the ventilation channel, changing the airflow direction, and reflecting light during the detection; the installation of the three kinds of movable wind shields can be selected by pasting or screw connection. Specifically:

[0035] The first movable windshield 4 is as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, it is installed at a corner of each battery cell 7 except the last row of battery cells 7 close to the battery pole ear, and closes the channel perpendicular to the wind direction along with the wind direction; each first movable windshield 4 includes a first windshield A surface 19, a first central axis 18, and a first windshield B surface 17. Among them, the first windshield B surface 17 is fixedly installed on the surface of the battery cell 7, and the first windshield A surface 19 can rotate 90 degrees around the first central axis 18 along with the flow of gas, thereby closing the channel perpendicular to the wind direction.

[0036] The second movable windshield 5 is as Figure 4 and Figure 6As shown, each battery cell 7 except the first row of battery cells is installed at a corner diagonally distributed with the first movable windshield 4 , and the second movable windshield 5 includes a second windshield B surface 22 , a second central axis 23 , and a second windshield A surface 20 . Among them, the second wind shield surface B 22 is fixedly installed on the surface of the battery cell 7, and the second wind shield surface A 20 can rotate 45 degrees around the central axis with the flow of gas; the second wind shield surface A 20 is composed of a movable door 24 and a permanent magnet 21, and the permanent magnet 21 is located at the far end of the second wind shield surface A 20. The permanent magnet 21 can cooperate with the electromagnet located on the opposite side of the battery ear. When the electromagnet is energized, the electromagnet and the permanent magnet 21 have the same magnetic poles and repel each other, so that the second wind shield surface A 20 attracts the movable door 24 to rotate 45 degrees together; the movable door 24 is also inlaid with a reflector for reflecting light to transmit signals; the movable door 24 can be blown open by the wind when the second wind shield surface A 20 closes the column channel of the battery cell 7, so that the gas flows along the column channel.

[0037] The third movable windshield plate 6 is as follows Figure 7 As shown, a corner of each battery cell 7 installed near the pole ear in the last row of battery cells can close the row channel of the battery cell 7, or make the gas in the row channel flow to the gas sensor along the column channel; the third movable windshield 6 includes a third windshield B surface 25, a third central axis 26, and a third windshield A surface 27. Among them, the third windshield B surface 25 is fixedly installed on the surface of the battery cell 7, the third windshield A surface 27 can rotate 45 degrees around the third central axis 26 with the flow of gas, and the surface of the third windshield A surface 27 is inlaid with a reflector for reflecting light and changing the propagation direction of light.

[0038] Furthermore, in the embodiment of the present invention, each row channel is provided with a row channel control circuit. Figure 8 As shown, it includes a proximity switch K1, resistors R1 to R4, a capacitor C1, a transistor Q1, a transistor Q2, a light-emitting diode D1, a photodiode D2, a light-emitting diode D3, a temperature sensor selection switch K2, a temperature sensor W1 to a temperature sensor Wn, a gas sensor W, a photoresistor RG1, a sliding rheostat RP1, and a capacitor C1; wherein,

[0039] One end of the proximity switch K1, one end of the resistor R3, the cathode of the photodiode D2, one end of the photoresistor RG1, and one end of the resistor R4 are all connected to a power supply, for example, a 5V power supply, the other end of the proximity switch K1 is connected to one end of the resistor R1, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected to one end of the resistor R2 and one end of the capacitor C1, the other end of the capacitor C1, the emitter of the transistor Q1, one end of the temperature sensor W1 to the temperature sensor Wn, one end of the sliding rheostat RP1, and the emitter of the transistor Q2 are all grounded GND, the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to the base of the transistor Q1, and the collector of the transistor Q1 is connected to the light emitting diode The cathode of the light-emitting diode D1 is connected, the anode of the light-emitting diode D1 is connected to the other end of the resistor R3, the anode of the photodiode D2 is connected to the anode of the light-emitting diode D3, the cathode of the light-emitting diode D3 is connected to one end of the temperature sensor selection switch K2, the other end of the temperature sensor selection switch K2 is connected to the other end of any temperature sensor selected from the temperature sensors W1 to the temperature sensors Wn, the other end of the photoresistor RG1 is connected to the other end of the sliding rheostat RP1 and the base of the transistor Q2, the collector of the transistor Q2 is connected to one end of the gas sensor W, and the other end of the gas sensor W is connected to the other end of the resistor R4. Figure 2 The mark 9 is the proximity switch K1.

[0040] In each row channel control circuit of the embodiment of the present invention: the proximity switch K1 is installed on the side wall of the lithium battery opposite to the corresponding row channel, corresponding to the small hole, so that the movable fan 2 can trigger the proximity switch K1 when passing through the small hole; the temperature sensor W1 to the temperature sensor Wn are installed at the corresponding battery cell 7 near the pole ear, and the resistance value of each thermistor in the temperature sensor W1 to the temperature sensor Wn decreases with the increase of temperature. The temperature sensor W1 to the temperature sensor Wn of each row channel only participates in the row channel control circuit of the row channel; the gas sensor W is installed at the air outlet 3 of the last row channel, which can detect abnormal gas under thermal runaway, and the air outlet 3 is evenly distributed around the gas sensor W to facilitate gas outflow; the photoresistor RG1 is installed on the gas sensor W as shown in FIG. Fig.13 As shown, the resistance of the photoresistor RG1 decreases as the light increases; resistors R1 to R4, capacitor C1, transistor Q1, transistor Q2, light-emitting diode D1, photodiode D2, light-emitting diode D3, temperature sensor selection switch K2, sliding rheostat RP1, and capacitor C1 are integrated and installed on the lower surface of the lithium battery. Fig.13 The mark 3 is the air outlet, the mark 36 is the gas sensor W, and the mark 37 is the photoresistor RG1.

[0041] In the embodiment of the present invention, the temperature sensor selection switch K2 in each row channel control circuit is as follows: Fig.10As shown, it includes a first rotating component 28, a second micro motor 31, a second micro reducer 29 and a first base 32; wherein,

[0042] The first base 32 is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the lithium battery at the row channel corresponding to the row channel control circuit. A second micro motor 31 is installed on the first base 32. The second micro motor 31 is connected to the second micro reducer 29. The second micro reducer 29 drives the first rotating component 28 to rotate so that the first rotating component 28 can select to connect to any temperature sensor among the temperature sensors W1 to Wn; wherein, resistors R1 to R4, capacitor C1, transistor Q1, transistor Q2, light emitting diode D1, photodiode D2, sliding rheostat RP1, and capacitor C1 are integrated and installed in the first base 32; the light emitting diode D3 is installed on the second micro reducer 29, and the light emitting diode D3 can cooperate with the photoresistor RG1 on the gas sensor W to turn on the gas sensor W. Fig.10 The middle mark 30 is a light emitting diode D3; Fig.10 Marked M in the middle is the second micro motor 31 .

[0043] For the designed row channel control circuit, the detection process corresponding to a row channel includes:

[0044] As the movable fan 2 moves, the proximity switch K1 is closed. At this time, the row channel control circuit first charges the capacitor C1, and the transistor Q1 remains cut off. When the voltage of the capacitor C1 gradually increases, the base voltage of the transistor Q1 also gradually increases. When the base voltage of the transistor Q1 exceeds 0.7V, the transistor Q1 is turned on, the light-emitting diode D1 emits light and irradiates the photodiode D2. At this time, the temperature sensor selection switch K2 starts to work, so that the temperature sensors W1 to Wn of the row channel are connected to the row channel control circuit one by one for temperature detection; when the temperature of any temperature sensor among the detected temperature sensors W1 to Wn is lower than the threshold value, the resistance of the thermistor in the temperature sensor is large, the current flowing through the light-emitting diode D3 is small, the light of the light-emitting diode D3 is not strong, and the transistor Q2 cannot be turned on through the photoresistor RG1 to trigger the gas sensor W. When the temperature is greater than or equal to the threshold value, the light intensity of the light-emitting diode D3 is sufficient to trigger the photoresistor RG1, thereby triggering the gas sensor W to detect the thermal runaway characteristic gas.

[0045] Among them, the fixed resistor R1 acts as a delay resistor when the row channel control circuit is turned on, and cooperates with the capacitor C1 to realize delayed opening; the fixed resistor R2 acts as a delay resistor when the row channel control circuit is closed, and cooperates with the capacitor C1 to realize delayed closing; the fixed resistor R3 and the resistor R4 have a current limiting effect to prevent damage to the row channel control circuit; the light emitting diode D3 is located on the second micro reducer 29 in the temperature sensor selection switch K2, and the light it emits is irradiated along the row channel of the battery cell 7 to the third movable windshield 6 of the last column of battery cells 7, and after being reflected by the reflector on the third movable windshield 6, it is irradiated to the photoresistor RG1 located on the surface of the gas sensor W, triggering the gas sensor W to detect the thermal runaway characteristic gas.

[0046] It can be seen that in the embodiment of the present invention, when the movable fan 2 moves to the small hole of the U-shaped slide rail 1, the proximity switch K1 is triggered to turn on the row channel control circuit, and the temperature sensor of the corresponding row channel is connected to the row channel control circuit through the temperature sensor selection switch K2. When the temperature sensor detects an abnormality, the photoresistor RG1 on the surface of the gas sensor W is triggered to turn on the gas sensor W to detect the thermal runaway abnormality of the row channel. In addition, the embodiment of the present invention also uses a variety of movable windshields, which can not only close the channel, but also change the direction of gas flow, and use the reflector on the third movable windshield 6 to realize the use of a photoresistor as a switch of the gas sensor, so that multiple row channel control circuits share one gas sensor W.

[0047] Furthermore, in the embodiment of the present invention, each row channel except the first row channel is also provided with a column channel control circuit, and each column channel control circuit is as follows: Fig. 9 As shown, it includes photodiode D4, photodiode D5, resistors R5 to R8, transistor Q3, transistor Q4, light-emitting diode D6, photodiode D7, electromagnet selection switch K3, light-emitting diode d1 to light-emitting diode dn, electromagnet M1 to electromagnet Mn, photoresistor RG2, sliding rheostat RP2, capacitor C2, temperature sensor L1 to temperature sensor Ln, and gas sensor L; wherein,

[0048] The cathode of the photodiode D4, one end of the resistor R7, the cathode of the photodiode D7, one end of the photoresistor RG2, and one end of the resistor R8 are all connected to a power supply, for example, the power supply is a 5V power supply, the anode of the photodiode D4 is connected to the cathode of the photodiode D5, the anode of the photodiode D5 is connected to one end of the resistor R5, the other end of the resistor R5 is connected to one end of the resistor R6 and one end of the capacitor C2, the other end of the capacitor C2, the emitter of the transistor Q3, one end of the temperature sensor L1 to the temperature sensor Ln, one end of the sliding rheostat RP2, and the emitter of the transistor Q4 are all grounded GND, the other end of the resistor R6 The end is connected to the base of the transistor Q3, the collector of the transistor Q3 is connected to the cathode of the light-emitting diode D6, the anode of the light-emitting diode D6 is connected to the other end of the resistor R7, the anode of the photodiode D7 is connected to one end of the electromagnet selection switch K3, the other end of the electromagnet selection switch K3 is connected to one end of any electromagnet selected from the electromagnets M1 to Mn, the other ends of the electromagnets M1 to Mn are correspondingly connected to one ends of the light-emitting diodes d1 to dn, and the other ends of the light-emitting diodes d1 to dn are correspondingly connected to the other ends of the temperature sensors L1 to Ln.

[0049] In each column channel control circuit of the embodiment of the present invention: photodiode D4 and photodiode D5 are installed below the corresponding LED lights at adjacent row channels; temperature sensors L1 to Ln are installed at the corresponding battery cells 7 near the tabs, which only participate in the corresponding column channel control circuit, and the resistance of each thermistor in temperature sensors L1 to Ln decreases with increasing temperature; gas sensor L is installed at the air outlet 3 of the column channel except the first and last columns; similar to gas sensor W, gas sensor L is installed with photoresistor RG2, which controls the gas sensor L When turned on, the resistance of the photoresistor RG2 decreases with the increase of light intensity; the light-emitting diode d1~light-emitting diode dn, the electromagnet M1~electromagnet Mn are installed on the corresponding second movable wind shield 5; the resistor R5~resistor R8, the transistor Q3, the transistor Q4, the light-emitting diode D6, the photodiode D7, the electromagnet selection switch K3, the sliding rheostat RP2, and the capacitor C2 are integrated and installed on the lower surface of the lithium battery; the electromagnet selection switch K3 is installed on one side of the corresponding temperature sensor selection switch K2, and the electromagnets in the row channel can be turned on one by one, thereby controlling the corresponding second movable wind shield 5. Figure 4 The reference numeral 15 is an electromagnet among the electromagnets M1 to Mn, and the reference numeral 16 is a light emitting diode among the light emitting diodes d1 to dn.

[0050] In the embodiment of the present invention, the electromagnet selection switch K3 in each column channel control circuit is as follows: Fig.11As shown, it includes a second rotating component 38, a third micro motor 40, a third micro reducer 39 and a second base 41; wherein,

[0051] The second base 41 is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the lithium battery at the row channel corresponding to the column channel control circuit. A third micro motor 40 is installed on the second base 41. The third micro motor 40 is connected to the third micro reducer 39. The third micro reducer 39 drives the second rotating component 38 to rotate so that the second rotating component 38 can select to connect to any one of the temperature sensors L1 to Ln; wherein, resistors R5 to R8, transistor Q3, transistor Q4, light-emitting diode D6, photodiode D7, sliding rheostat RP2, and capacitor C2 are integrated and installed in the second base 41. Fig.11 Marked M in the middle is the third micro motor 40 .

[0052] For the designed column channel control circuit, the detection process corresponding to a column channel includes:

[0053] When the gas sensor W in the row channel control circuit detects the thermal runaway characteristic gas, the LED light located on the side of the temperature sensor selection switch K1 will light up and continue until the movable fan 2 leaves and moves to the next row channel to ensure that the column channel control circuit is turned on; at the same time, the LED light can illuminate the photodiode D5 in the column channel control circuit of the row channel, and the photodiode D4 in the column channel control circuit of the next row channel; when the photodiode D4 and the photodiode D5 in the same column channel control circuit are both turned on, the column channel control circuit starts to work; first, the capacitor C2 starts to charge, and the transistor Q3 remains cut off. When the voltage of the capacitor C2 gradually increases, the base voltage of the transistor Q3 also gradually increases. When the base voltage of the transistor Q3 exceeds 0.7V, the transistor Q3 is turned on, and the light emitting diode The light emitting diode D6 emits light and irradiates the photodiode D7, and the electromagnet selection switch K3 starts to work, connecting the electromagnet and the corresponding temperature sensor to the column channel control circuit one by one; when a certain electromagnet works, the corresponding light emitting diode D6 will also light up, and the light of the light emitting diode D6 will pass through the reflector on the second movable windshield 5 and irradiate the photoresistor RG2 located on the surface of the gas sensor L; because the resistance of the temperature sensor decreases with the increase of temperature, when the detected temperature exceeds the threshold value, the light intensity of the light emitting diode D6 will also increase to a certain value, thereby reducing the resistance of the photoresistor RG2, increasing the base voltage of the transistor Q4, thereby turning on the transistor Q4, and the gas sensor L works. If the detected temperature does not reach the threshold value, the transistor Q4 remains cut off, and the gas sensor L does not work; Fig.12Mark 33 is an LED lamp, mark 34 is a photodiode D4, mark 35 is a photodiode D5, the temperature sensor selection switch K2 is close to the photodiode D5, and the electromagnet selection switch K3 is close to the photodiode D4.

[0054] Among them, the fixed resistor R5 acts as a delay resistor when the column channel control circuit is turned on, and cooperates with the capacitor C2 to realize delayed opening; the fixed resistor R6 acts as a delay resistor when the column channel control circuit is closed, and cooperates with the capacitor C2 to realize delayed closing; the fixed resistor R7 and the resistor R8 have a current limiting effect to prevent damage to the column channel control circuit; the light-emitting diode d1 to the light-emitting diode dn are located on the surface of the battery cell 7 next to the corresponding electromagnet, and the light it emits is reflected by the reflector on the second movable wind shield 5, and then irradiated along the column channel of the battery cell 7 to the photoresistor RG2 located on the surface of the gas sensor L, triggering the gas sensor L to detect the thermal runaway characteristic gas.

[0055] It can be seen that in the embodiment of the present invention, when the row channel control circuits of two adjacent row channels detect thermal runaway abnormal gases, the column channels of the battery cells are opened one by one through the electromagnet selection switch K3, the temperature sensors of the corresponding column channels are connected to the column channel control circuit, and the gas sensor L is turned on by triggering the photoresistor RG2 on the surface of the gas sensor L to perform thermal runaway abnormality detection of the column channel.

[0056] Furthermore, in the embodiment of the present invention, two temperature sensors are installed on the surface of each battery cell 7, one temperature sensor is used in the row channel control circuit, and the other temperature sensor is used in the column channel control circuit. The temperature sensors on the battery cells 7 distributed in a row constitute the temperature sensors W1 to Wn in the row channel control circuit, and the temperature sensors on the battery cells 7 distributed in a column constitute the temperature sensors L1 to Ln in the column channel control circuit. During the detection of battery cells 7 distributed in rows: the temperature sensor selection switch K2 is used to select the temperature sensor corresponding to a certain battery cell 7 in the row from the temperature sensors W1 to Wn corresponding to each row, and is connected to the row channel control circuit; similarly, during the detection of battery cells 7 distributed in columns: the electromagnet selection switch K3 is used to select the temperature sensor corresponding to a certain battery cell 7 in the column from the temperature sensors L1 to Ln corresponding to each column, and is connected to the column channel control circuit. Among them, n represents the number of battery cells 7 distributed in rows or columns, and the value of n is determined according to actual conditions. The subscript n represents the temperature sensor set on the nth battery cell 7 distributed in rows or columns. Figure 8 and Fig. 9The case of n=4 is illustrated in FIG. 1 , indicating that the number of cells 7 arranged in rows or columns is 4, and the temperature sensors arranged in the rows or columns on the four cells 7 are respectively recorded as W1 to W4, L1 to L4, and the electromagnets and light-emitting diodes arranged on the cells are respectively recorded as M1 to M4, d1 to d4. It can be seen that for lithium batteries, the cells 7 arranged in rows and columns are respectively designed with corresponding row channel control circuits and column channel control circuits, so that the row and column channels of the cells 7 can be detected simultaneously during the detection process. Figure 4 The reference numeral 14 is a temperature sensor.

[0057] For further information, see Figure 14(a) to Figure 14(b) Figure 14(a) shows the gas flow during the row channel detection process, as well as the status of the three active windshields during the row channel detection process. Figure 14(b) shows the gas flow during the column channel detection process, as well as the status of the three active windshields during the column channel detection process. Figure 14(a) to Figure 14(b) The gas flow between the cells 7 arranged in rows and columns, and the process of locating the thermal runaway by using the detection device of the present invention are as follows:

[0058] The movable fan 2 starts to move from the last row of the row channel. When the movable fan 2 moves to the small hole position of the U-shaped slide rail 1, the proximity switch in the row channel control circuit of the last row is closed, and then the temperature and gas transmitted from other places are blown away, and then the row channel control circuit is officially opened for detection; when the gas flows through the row channel, the first movable wind shield plate 4 in the row channel closes the row channel perpendicular to it under the blowing of the fan 10 to ensure that the gas flows along the row channel, and under the action of the third movable wind shield plate 6 of the row channel, the gas flows to the gas sensor W at the end of the last row channel; if the gas sensor W detects abnormal gas with thermal runaway, the LED light located at the entrance of the row channel lights up and irradiates the photodiode in the next row channel control circuit. Tube D5; then the movable fan 2 continues to move to the row channel of the second-to-last row, turns on the row channel control circuit of the row channel, and the first movable wind shield 4 and the second movable wind shield 5 in the row channel close the row channel perpendicular thereto under the blowing of the fan 10 to ensure that the gas flows along the row channel, and under the action of the third movable wind shield 6 of the row channel, the gas flows to the gas sensor W at the end of the last row channel. If thermal runaway abnormal gas is still detected in the row channel of the second-to-last row, it can be determined that the battery cell 7 sandwiched by the two row channels has thermal runaway phenomenon; at the same time, the LED lamp located at the entrance of the row channel is lit, and irradiates the photodiode D4 in the column channel control circuit on one side and the photodiode D5 in the column channel control circuit of the next row channel;

[0059] Since the photodiode D4 and the photodiode D5 in the column channel control circuit arranged at the row channel of the second-to-last row are irradiated at the same time, the column channel control circuit is turned on, and the electromagnet selection switch K2 in the column channel control circuit turns on the electromagnets one by one from the column channel of the second-to-last column, so that the second movable wind shield 5 rotates 45 degrees. At this time, the first movable wind shield 4 closes the row channel perpendicular to it under the blowing of the fan 10, so that the airflow changes its flow direction at this column channel and flows into the corresponding column channel; under the push of the gas, the movable door 24 of the second movable wind shield 5 along the way opens to allow the gas to flow through; if the temperature sensor When the sensor reaches the threshold value, the light emitted by the light emitting diode d located next to the electromagnet passes through the reflector of the second movable windshield 5 and irradiates the photoresistor RG2 on the surface of the gas sensor L. At this time, the resistance of the photoresistor RG2 decreases, so that the transistor Q4 is turned on, and the gas sensor L starts to work; if the gas sensor L of a column channel does not detect the abnormal thermal runaway gas, and the gas sensors L of the column channels before this can detect the abnormal thermal runaway gas, then the column of battery cells 7 sandwiched by the column channels corresponding to the first two gas sensors L has a thermal runaway phenomenon, thereby determining the column of battery cells 7 that have a thermal runaway phenomenon;

[0060] Finally, according to the row and column where the thermal runaway battery cell 7 is located, the position of the thermal runaway battery cell 7 can be accurately determined;

[0061] In addition, when the movable fan 2 moves to the row channel of the first row and completes the detection, it will directly move to the row channel of the last row to start the next cycle of detection. This cyclic detection can achieve real-time detection of thermal runaway cells 7.

[0062] When the movable fan 2 of the embodiment of the present invention moves to the row channel of the corresponding battery cell, the row channel control circuit will not work immediately, but will first charge the capacitor C1 in the row channel control circuit. At this time, the movable fan 2 can blow away the abnormal gas and heat diffused from other places; when the fan blows away the abnormal gas and heat diffused from other places, the capacitor C1 is fully charged, and the temperature sensor W1 to the temperature sensor Wn of the row channel first detects whether the temperature of the battery cells on both sides of the row channel reaches the threshold value. When the temperature reaches the threshold value, the light controls the gas sensor W to turn on to detect whether there is a thermal runaway characteristic gas to determine the chip with thermal runaway in the row channel; similarly, the column ventilation channel control circuit will judge twice through the temperature sensor L1 to the temperature sensor Ln and the gas sensor L to determine the chip with thermal runaway in the column channel. This judgment method can avoid the problem that when the threshold value of the temperature sensor is too high, the thermal runaway has occurred when the temperature sensor detects the signal, and when the threshold value of the temperature sensor is too low, the detection signal is interfered.

[0063] It should be noted that the cells that are vertically distributed with respect to the U-shaped slide rail form rows, and the cells that are vertically distributed with respect to the U-shaped slide rail form columns. Figure 1 All the cells are shown to be distributed in 4 rows and 6 columns. The channels opposite to the fixed windshield 8 are the first row channel and the last row channel, respectively. The channel where the air outlet is located is the last row channel, and the channel where the U-shaped slide rail is located is the first row channel. During the row channel detection process: detection starts from the row channel of the last row; when detecting the row channel of the first row, only the second movable windshield 5 in the row channel of the first row participates in closing the channel, and the gas flows to the gas sensor W at the end of the last row channel under the action of the fixed windshield 8; when detecting the row channel of the last row, only the first movable windshield 4 in the row channel of the last row participates in closing the channel, and the gas flows directly to the gas sensor W at the end of the last row channel; when detecting other row channels, the first movable windshield 4 and the second movable windshield 5 jointly participate in closing the channel, and under the action of the third movable windshield 6 of the row channel, the gas flows to the gas sensor W at the end of the last row channel. Column channel detection process: starting from the second to last column channel; when each column channel is detected, the first movable wind shield 4 and the second movable wind shields 5 except the current detection column channel participate in closing the channel, and under the action of the second movable wind shield 5 of the current detection column channel, the gas flows to the gas sensor L at the end of the current column channel.

[0064] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0065] Although the present invention is described herein in conjunction with various embodiments, in the process of implementing the claimed invention, those skilled in the art may understand and implement other variations of the disclosed embodiments by viewing the specification and its drawings. In the specification, the word "comprising" does not exclude other components or steps, and "a" or "one" does not exclude multiple situations. Certain measures are recorded in different embodiments, but this does not mean that these measures cannot be combined to produce good results.

[0066] The above contents are further detailed descriptions of the present invention in combination with specific preferred embodiments, and it cannot be determined that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For ordinary technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which should be regarded as falling within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lithium battery cell thermal runaway detection device, characterized in that: The device comprises: A lithium battery, wherein a plurality of cells are arranged in rows and columns; a row channel control circuit and a column channel control circuit are arranged at the row channel between adjacent cells, and the row channel control circuit and the column channel control circuit respectively include a gas sensor; a U-shaped slide rail is arranged on one side of all cells arranged in the row, and a movable fan is installed on the U-shaped slide rail; a plurality of first movable wind shields are installed at a corner of each cell except the last cell in the row close to the battery ear, and in an initial state, all the first movable wind shields close the column channel between adjacent cells; a plurality of second movable wind shields are installed at the cell except the last cell in the row; Each battery cell outside a row of battery cells is disposed at a corner diagonally to the first movable windshield, and a reflector is inlaid on the surface of each second movable windshield. In the initial state, all second movable windshields close the row channels between adjacent battery cells; a plurality of third movable windshields are installed at a corner of each battery cell near the battery ear of the last row of battery cells, and a reflector is inlaid on the surface of each third movable windshield. In the initial state, all third movable windshields close the row channels between adjacent battery cells; a plurality of LED lamps are installed on the side wall of the lithium battery opposite to each row channel, and a photodiode is installed under each LED lamp; Wherein, during the movement of the movable fan: when the movable fan moves to a certain row channel, the row channel control circuit corresponding to the row channel is turned on, the third movable wind shield corresponding to the row channel is turned on, the gas sensor in the row channel control circuit corresponding to the row channel is turned on by the reflector on the third movable wind shield, and the gas detector corresponding to the row channel is used to detect whether there is an abnormality. When the gas detectors corresponding to two adjacent row channels detect an abnormality, the row where the thermal runaway cell is located is located, and the LED lights corresponding to the two adjacent row channels when the abnormality occurs are lit. The LED lights act on the corresponding photodiodes to turn on the column channel control circuit, and the corresponding first movable wind shield and second movable wind shield are turned on starting from the second to last column channel, the gas detector in the column channel control circuit of the corresponding column channel is turned on by the reflector on the second movable wind shield, and it is determined whether the gas detector of the corresponding column channel detects an abnormality. When the gas detector corresponding to a certain column channel does not detect an abnormality, the column where the thermal runaway cell is located is located, and the position of the thermal runaway cell is determined according to the located row and column of the thermal runaway cell.

2. The lithium battery cell thermal runaway detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable fan comprises a first micro motor, a first micro reducer, a fan and a pulley; wherein, The fan is mounted on the first micro motor, the first micro motor is connected to the first micro reducer, and the first micro reducer drives the pulley to move horizontally on the U-shaped slide rail.

3. The lithium battery cell thermal runaway detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each row channel control circuit includes a proximity switch K1, resistors R1 to R4, a capacitor C1, a transistor Q1, a transistor Q2, a light emitting diode D1, a photodiode D2, a light emitting diode D3, a temperature sensor selection switch K2, a temperature sensor W1 to a temperature sensor Wn, a gas sensor W, a photoresistor RG1, a sliding rheostat RP1, and a capacitor C1; wherein, One end of the proximity switch K1, one end of the resistor R3, the cathode of the photodiode D2, one end of the photoresistor RG1, and one end of the resistor R4 are all connected to a 5V power supply, the other end of the proximity switch K1 is connected to one end of the resistor R1, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected to one end of the resistor R2 and one end of the capacitor C1, the other end of the capacitor C1, the emitter of the transistor Q1, one end of the temperature sensor W1 to the temperature sensor Wn, one end of the sliding rheostat RP1, and the emitter of the transistor Q2 are all grounded GND, the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to the base of the transistor Q1, and the collector of the transistor Q1 is connected to the cathode of the light-emitting diode D1. The anode of the light-emitting diode D1 is connected to the other end of the resistor R3, the anode of the photodiode D2 is connected to the anode of the light-emitting diode D3, the cathode of the light-emitting diode D3 is connected to one end of the temperature sensor selection switch K2, the other end of the temperature sensor selection switch K2 is connected to the other end of any temperature sensor selected from the temperature sensors W1 to the temperature sensors Wn, the other end of the photoresistor RG1 is connected to the other end of the sliding rheostat RP1 and the base of the transistor Q2, the collector of the transistor Q2 is connected to one end of the gas sensor W, and the other end of the gas sensor W is connected to the other end of the resistor R4.

4. The lithium battery cell thermal runaway detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: In each row channel control circuit: the proximity switch K1 is installed on the side wall of the lithium battery opposite to the corresponding row channel; the temperature sensors W1 to Wn are installed on the corresponding battery cells near the pole ears; the gas sensor W is installed at the air outlet of the last row channel; the photoresistor RG1 is installed on the gas sensor W; the resistors R1 to R4, the capacitor C1, the transistor Q1, the transistor Q2, the light-emitting diode D1, the photodiode D2, the light-emitting diode D3, the temperature sensor selection switch K2, the sliding rheostat RP1, and the capacitor C1 are integrated and installed on the lower surface of the lithium battery.

5. The lithium battery cell thermal runaway detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each column channel control circuit includes a photodiode D4, a photodiode D5, resistors R5 to R8, a transistor Q3, a transistor Q4, a light-emitting diode D6, a photodiode D7, an electromagnet selection switch K3, a light-emitting diode d1 to a light-emitting diode dn, an electromagnet M1 to an electromagnet Mn, a photoresistor RG2, a sliding rheostat RP2, a capacitor C2, a temperature sensor L1 to a temperature sensor Ln, and a gas sensor L; wherein, The cathode of the photodiode D4, one end of the resistor R7, the cathode of the photodiode D7, one end of the photoresistor RG2, and one end of the resistor R8 are all connected to a 5V power supply, the anode of the photodiode D4 is connected to the cathode of the photodiode D5, the anode of the photodiode D5 is connected to one end of the resistor R5, the other end of the resistor R5 is connected to one end of the resistor R6 and one end of the capacitor C2, the other end of the capacitor C2, the emitter of the transistor Q3, one end of the temperature sensor L1 to the temperature sensor Ln, one end of the sliding rheostat RP2, and the emitter of the transistor Q4 are all grounded GND, the other end of the resistor R6 is connected to the transistor The base of transistor Q3 is connected, the collector of transistor Q3 is connected to the cathode of light-emitting diode D6, the anode of light-emitting diode D6 is connected to the other end of resistor R7, the anode of photodiode D7 is connected to one end of electromagnet selection switch K3, the other end of electromagnet selection switch K3 is connected to one end of any electromagnet selected from electromagnet M1 to electromagnet Mn, the other ends of electromagnet M1 to electromagnet Mn are correspondingly connected to one ends of light-emitting diodes d1 to light-emitting diodes dn, and the other ends of light-emitting diodes d1 to light-emitting diodes dn are correspondingly connected to the other ends of temperature sensors L1 to temperature sensors Ln.

6. The lithium battery cell thermal runaway detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: In each column channel control circuit: photodiode D4 and photodiode D5 are installed below the corresponding LED lights in adjacent row channels; temperature sensors L1 to Ln are installed near the pole ears of the corresponding battery cells; gas sensor L is installed at the air outlet of the column channels except the first and last columns; photoresistor RG2 is installed on the gas sensor L; light-emitting diodes d1 to dn and electromagnets M1 to Mn are installed on the corresponding second movable wind shield; resistors R5 to R8, transistors Q3, transistors Q4, light-emitting diodes D6, photodiodes D7, electromagnet selection switch K3, sliding rheostat RP2, and capacitor C2 are integrated and installed on the lower surface of the lithium battery.

7. The lithium battery cell thermal runaway detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The temperature sensor selection switch K2 in each row channel control circuit includes a first rotating component, a second micro motor, a second micro reducer and a first base; wherein, The first base is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the lithium battery at the row channel corresponding to the row channel control circuit, and the second micro motor is installed on the first base. The second micro motor is connected to the second micro reducer, and the second micro reducer drives the first rotating component to rotate so that the first rotating component can select to connect to any one of the temperature sensors W1 to Wn; wherein, resistors R1 to R4, capacitor C1, transistor Q1, transistor Q2, light-emitting diode D1, photodiode D2, sliding rheostat RP1, and capacitor C1 are integrated and installed in the first base; and the light-emitting diode D3 is installed on the second micro reducer.

8. The lithium battery cell thermal runaway detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The electromagnet selection switch K3 in each column channel control circuit includes a second rotating component, a third micro motor, a third micro reducer and a second base; wherein, The second base is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the lithium battery at the row channel corresponding to the column channel control circuit, and the third micro motor is installed on the second base. The third micro motor is connected to the third micro reducer, and the third micro reducer drives the second rotating component to rotate so that the second rotating component can select to connect to any one of the temperature sensors L1 to Ln; wherein, resistors R5 to R8, transistor Q3, transistor Q4, light-emitting diode D6, photodiode D7, sliding rheostat RP2, and capacitor C2 are integrated and installed in the second base.

9. The lithium battery cell thermal runaway detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of small holes are arranged at intervals on the U-shaped slide rail, and each small hole is opposite to a row of channels, so that when the movable fan moves to a small hole, a proximity switch in the corresponding row channel control circuit is triggered to turn on the row channel control circuit.

10. The lithium battery cell thermal runaway detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the second movable wind shields includes a second wind shield B surface, a second central axis, and a second wind shield A surface; wherein, the second wind shield B surface is fixedly mounted on the corresponding battery cell, and the second wind shield A surface rotates around the second central axis as the gas flows; the second wind shield A surface is composed of a movable door and a permanent magnet, wherein the permanent magnet is located at the far end of the second wind shield A surface, and the permanent magnet cooperates with an electromagnet located on the opposite side of the battery cell pole ear, and when the electromagnet is energized, the second wind shield A surface attracts the movable door to rotate due to the mutual repulsion between the same magnetic poles of the electromagnet and the permanent magnet, so that the gas flows along the column ventilation channel; a reflector is embedded on the movable door.

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