Structural static and dynamic vertical displacement synchronous measurement device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and a method for synchronously measuring static and dynamic vertical displacements of a structure. The device comprises a test end container, a reference point container, a communicating pipe, a fluid medium, a displacement meter, an inertial mass block and a pressure sensor, the testing end container and the reference point container are connected through a communicating pipe, a valve is arranged on the communicating pipe, the inertial mass block is arranged in the testing end container, the upper end and the lower end of the inertial mass block are connected with the testing end container through elastic elements, and fluid media are contained in the testing end container and the reference point container. The fluid medium is set to enable the gravity borne by the inertial mass block to be equivalent to the buoyancy, and the displacement meter is set to measure and obtain the vertical displacement value of the inertial mass block; the pressure sensor is used for testing the pressure difference value caused by the height difference of fluid media in the test end container and the reference point container at the two ends of the communicating pipe. The system has the remarkable advantages of being rapid and efficient in installation and arrangement, good in structural form and natural environment adaptability, good in economical efficiency and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of structural displacement monitoring / measurement, and more specifically, to a device and method for synchronously measuring static and dynamic vertical displacement of a structure. Background Art

[0002] The vertical deflection of a bridge can be divided into two parts: static deflection and dynamic deflection. They are not only related to the safety, reliability and traffic comfort of the bridge, but also directly affect the operation and maintenance management decisions of the bridge. They are the most important parameters in bridge health monitoring and routine inspections. (1) Static deflection can directly reflect the overall vertical stiffness of the main beam. Through long-term continuous monitoring or regular measurement of static deflection, the bearing capacity of the bridge under different loads can be evaluated, and potential safety hazards (such as structural damage, fatigue cracks, etc.) can be discovered in time, providing an important basis for the safe use and operation and maintenance management (maintenance, repair or reinforcement, etc.) of the bridge, and avoiding the occurrence of safety accidents. At the same time, by comparing the measured value of static deflection with the design value, the correctness and rationality of the design theory can be verified, and experience can be accumulated for subsequent bridge design. (2) Dynamic deflection reflects the dynamic deformation of the bridge beam under the action of operating loads (such as vehicles, wind, earthquakes, crowds, etc.). It is the most intuitive parameter for evaluating the stiffness of the main beam, evaluating the operating status of the beam, and identifying beam damage. Through the dynamic deflection test, the real dynamic characteristic parameters of the bridge (such as impact coefficient, natural frequency, damping ratio, etc.) can be obtained, and used to evaluate the structural stability and safety of the bridge under dynamic loads. For the daily operation and maintenance of the bridge, it is of great significance to timely discover and deal with bridge diseases and extend the service life of the bridge. The vertical deflection of the bridge has been highly valued in various stages of bridge design, construction, operation and maintenance. Therefore, accurately and efficiently obtaining the vertical deflection of the bridge has important engineering value and social and economic benefits.

[0003] At present, there are two main methods for obtaining the vertical deflection of bridges: direct measurement and indirect measurement. For example, the Beidou system and GPS used in extra-large span bridges, the graphic method and table displacement meter method used in small and medium span bridges are all direct measurement methods, and the commonly used acceleration method and inclinometer method are indirect measurement methods. The measurement accuracy of various existing technical methods is irrelevant to the dynamic deflection value of structures such as bridges. After the equipment is produced, the accuracy is a certain value, which cannot meet the different accuracy requirements of large and small displacement values. Satellite-based measurement technology and equipment require no obstruction at the measuring point, low vertical displacement test accuracy, complex technology, and high price. They are not suitable for the dynamic deflection test needs of large and wide-ranging small and medium span bridges. The image acquisition equipment used in the graphic method has high power consumption and is difficult to adapt to the adverse effects of rain, snow, fog, and foundation vibration. In addition, problems such as equipment lens pollution and its own safety protection are difficult to effectively solve during long-term monitoring, and the economy of high-quality lenses is poor. Table displacement meters have high accuracy and are inexpensive, but they require fixed reference points during testing, which greatly limits their scope of use. Traditional optical levels and total stations (including measuring robots) cannot measure dynamic displacement, and as the distance between the measuring point and the reference point increases, station transfer is inevitable, which reduces the measurement efficiency. Indirect measurement methods all obtain the deflection value through complex mathematical operations after obtaining the values ​​of other physical quantities. The inherent errors of the data and the actual boundary conditions during data processing are difficult to accurately account for, and the empirical properties are obvious, resulting in unsatisfactory accuracy of the results. The connected tube deflection measurement method and equipment used more in health monitoring are only suitable for static or quasi-static (structural frequency is less than 0.3Hz) deflection measurement. The microwave radar method that has emerged in recent years is still in the research stage and is also easily affected by the atmosphere, rain and snow (the signal attenuates quickly). It has limited practical value, high power consumption and high price. In addition, the inertial displacement meter familiar to engineering and technical personnel is mature in theory, but the equipment is bulky and cannot be effectively applied in actual bridge projects.

[0004] In order to ensure the structural safety of such a large group of bridges, the competent departments of the transportation industry have given guidance on the construction of bridge safety monitoring systems or health monitoring systems, and formulated corresponding specifications and standards. Related engineering projects are in full swing. How to accurately, quickly and economically obtain the vertical deflection of the beam, especially the span correlation that adapts to the accuracy of dynamic deflection to meet the needs of different measurement accuracies, is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. The design and manufacture of the corresponding test equipment is another problem. Summary of the invention

[0005] An object of the present invention is to solve at least the above problems and to provide at least the advantages which will be described hereinafter.

[0006] Another object of the present invention is to provide a main beam dynamic deflection direct testing device and method that can adapt to different span bridges with different vertical dynamic deflection accuracy requirements, while realizing the monitoring / measurement of 0.1mm vertical static deflection, and having the significant advantages of fast and efficient installation and layout, better structural form and natural environment adaptability, and good economy.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve this technical problem is: a synchronous measurement device for static and dynamic vertical displacement of a structure, comprising: a test end container, a reference point container, a connecting pipe, a fluid medium, a displacement meter, an inertial mass block, and a pressure sensor; The test end container and the reference point container are connected by a connecting pipe, a valve is arranged on the connecting pipe, an inertial mass block is arranged in the test end container, the upper and lower ends of the inertial mass block are connected to the test end container through elastic elements, the test end container and the reference point container are filled with fluid medium, the fluid medium is arranged to make the gravity and buoyancy of the inertial mass block equivalent, and the displacement meter is arranged to measure and obtain the vertical displacement value of the inertial mass block; the pressure sensor is used to test the pressure difference caused by the height difference of the fluid medium in the test end container and the reference point container at both ends of the connecting pipe.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention, the pressure sensor is a pneumatic pressure sensor or a hydraulic pressure sensor.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention, it also includes a data processing and transmission module and a test result display; Wherein, the displacement meter, pressure sensor and test result display are electrically connected to the data processing and transmission module respectively.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention, the bottom of the test end container is separated into a compartment not connected to the upper space by a bottom plate, and the displacement meter is fixed to the compartment by a positioning assembly; The bottom plate is provided with a through hole at the center of the bottom end of the inertial mass block, and a transparent rigid plate is provided directly above the through hole. The rigid plate is sealed and connected to the bottom plate. The laser displacement meter measures the vertical displacement value of the inertial mass block through the through hole.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention, a flow channel is formed on one side of the partition chamber close to the connecting pipe, one end of the flow channel is connected to the connecting pipe, and the other end of the flow channel is connected to the upper space of the test end container, the flow channel is not connected to the partition chamber, and a baffle is provided on one side of the bottom plate close to the flow channel, the baffle is located between the flow channel and the inertial mass block, and the elevation of the top surface of the baffle is equivalent to the elevation of the bottom surface of the inertial mass block.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention, the elastic element at the upper end of the inertial mass block is fixed to the inner wall of the test end container through an upper end plate.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention, the mass block is restricted to move only up and down by a guide device, and a rollable spherical steel ball is arranged on the inner side of the guide device in contact with the mass block.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention, the inertial mass block is a hollow structure with a smooth outer surface.

[0015] The present invention also provides a method for utilizing the structure static and dynamic vertical displacement synchronous measurement device, including static vertical displacement measurement and dynamic vertical displacement measurement; a. The static displacement measurement is specifically as follows: placing the reference point container at a relatively fixed point (reference point), placing the test end container at the measuring point, and opening the valve between them, detecting the pressure difference between the reference point container and the test end container by a pressure sensor, and converting the pressure difference into a static vertical displacement value; b. The dynamic displacement measurement is specifically as follows: placing the test end container at the measuring point so that the axial direction of the spring is vertically parallel to the structure, and recording the vertical displacement of the inertial mass block measured by the displacement meter as the vertical dynamic deflection of the bridge.

[0016] When it is necessary to measure the static vertical displacement and the dynamic vertical displacement synchronously, step a and step b are completed simultaneously.

[0017] When only the dynamic deflection needs to be tested, the test end container can be placed at the measuring point after closing the valve, without the need for a reference point; or the connecting pipe and the reference point container can be removed after the valve is closed; or the entire device can be placed at the measuring point, regardless of whether the valve is closed.

[0018] The present invention includes at least the following beneficial effects: the inertial mass block in the present invention is a hollow structure with a smooth outer surface, the buoyancy provided by the fluid medium to it is equivalent to the gravity of the mass block, the outer shape structure and outer surface roughness of the inertial mass block and the fluid medium together provide optimal damping for the inertial mass block, and realize high-precision measurement of vertical dynamic deflection. The semi-closed communicating vessel structure improves the applicability of vertical static deflection testing. Thus, the automatic synchronous measurement of vertical dynamic deflection and static deflection without line of sight is realized, and the integration, miniaturization and portability of the measuring device are realized. The adverse effects of various physical shielding on deflection measurement are eliminated. When only the dynamic deflection needs to be tested, after closing the valve, the test end container can be placed at the measuring point (at this time, the communicating pipe and the reference point container can be removed or placed at the measuring point, without any requirement), and no reference point is required. The content of the present invention belongs to the direct measurement of dynamic displacement, avoiding the adverse effects of the complex integral operation of the acceleration method and the selection of boundary conditions on the accuracy, and the technology and device have good measurement accuracy, environmental adaptability and good economy.

[0019] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be embodied in part through the following description, and in part will be understood by those skilled in the art through study and practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is an elevation view of the synchronous measuring device for static and dynamic vertical displacement of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the vertical dynamic deflection measurement principle of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Among them, 1-test end container, 2-reference point container, 3-connecting pipe, 4-fluid medium, 5-displacement meter, 6-inertial mass block, 7-pressure sensor, 8-valve, 9-data processing and transmission module, 10-test result display, 11-shell, 12-bottom plate, 13-flow channel, 14-baffle, 15-upper end plate, 16-elastic element, 17-guide device, 18-top limit plate, 19-bottom positioning plate, 20-end cover plate, 21-enclosed gas. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention is described in detail and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. A person of ordinary skill in the art will be able to implement the present invention based on these descriptions. Before describing the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it should be particularly pointed out that the technical solutions and technical features provided in each part of the present invention, including the following description, can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0023] In addition, the embodiments of the present invention involved in the following description are generally only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Therefore, based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and implementations, and its specific implementation process is as follows: The invention discloses a device and method for measuring the vertical displacement of a structure, relates to the field of monitoring / measuring the vertical displacement of a structure, and is introduced by taking the vertical deflection of a bridge main beam as an example.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a synchronous measurement device for static and dynamic vertical displacement of a structure, comprising: a test end container, a reference point container, a connecting pipe, a fluid medium, a displacement meter, an inertial mass block, and a pressure sensor; The test end container and the reference point container are connected by a connecting pipe, and a valve is arranged on the connecting pipe. In one embodiment, the valve is installed at the end of the connecting pipe close to the test end container. The inertial mass block is arranged in the test end container. The upper and lower ends of the inertial mass block are connected to the test end container through elastic elements, and the center line of the inertial mass block in the height direction coincides with the axis of the elastic elements at both ends. The elastic element is a spring in this embodiment. The test end container and the reference point container are filled with fluid medium. The space in the test end container that does not contain the fluid medium has a closed gas. The fluid medium is arranged to make the gravity on the inertial mass block equal to the buoyancy. The shape structure and outer surface roughness of the inertial mass block and the viscosity of the fluid medium jointly provide the optimal damping for the inertial mass block, so as to ensure the accuracy of the vertical dynamic deflection measurement. The displacement meter is arranged to measure and obtain the vertical displacement value of the inertial mass block. In this embodiment, the displacement meter adopts a laser displacement meter; the pressure sensor is used to test the pressure difference caused by the height difference of the fluid medium in the test end container and the reference point container at both ends of the connecting pipe. Specifically, the top of the reference point container is sealed to form a closed gas space, or it can be directly sealed as a liquid. A through hole is opened in the middle of the top plate of the reference point container and connected to the test end of the pressure sensor 7. A through hole is opened in the middle of the top plate of the test end container and connected to the test end of the pressure sensor 7 for measuring the change of the pressure difference.

[0026] The technical solution may also include the following technical details to better achieve the technical effect: the pressure sensor is a pneumatic pressure sensor or a hydraulic pressure sensor.

[0027] This technical solution may also include the following technical details to better achieve the technical effect: it also includes a data processing and transmission module and a test result display; The displacement meter, pressure sensor and test result display are electrically connected to the data processing and transmission module respectively. Preferably, the pressure sensor and test result display are integrated with the data processing and transmission module respectively and arranged above the test end container, and these components are protected by the shell.

[0028] The technical solution may also include the following technical details to better achieve the technical effect: the bottom of the test end container is separated into a compartment that is not connected to the upper space by a bottom plate, and the displacement meter is fixed to the compartment by a positioning assembly, and the positioning assembly includes a top limit plate, a bottom positioning plate and an end cover plate, and the top limit plate and the bottom positioning plate limit the movement of the displacement meter in the height direction, and the bottom positioning plate and the end cover plate are fixed, and the end cover plate is fixed to the bottom of the compartment, so that the light source emission point of the displacement meter is vertically coaxial with the through hole of the bottom plate during installation; The bottom plate is provided with a through hole at the center of the bottom end of the inertial mass block, and a transparent rigid plate is provided directly above the through hole. The rigid plate is sealed and connected to the bottom plate. The laser displacement meter measures the vertical displacement value of the inertial mass block through the through hole.

[0029] The present technical scheme may also include the following technical details to better achieve the technical effect: a flow channel is formed on the side of the partition chamber close to the connecting pipe, one end of the flow channel is connected to the connecting pipe, and the other end of the flow channel is connected to the upper space of the test end container. The flow channel is not connected to the partition chamber, and a baffle is provided on the side of the bottom plate close to the flow channel. The baffle is located between the flow channel and the inertial mass block, and the elevation of the top surface of the baffle is equivalent to the elevation of the bottom surface of the inertial mass block. The baffle is used to reduce the influence of the flow of the fluid medium between the test end container and the reference point container on the mass block.

[0030] The technical solution may also include the following technical details to better achieve the technical effect: the elastic element at the upper end of the inertial mass block is fixed to the inner wall of the test end container through an upper end plate, and the upper end plate is arranged horizontally; the elastic element at the lower end of the inertial mass block is connected to the bottom plate.

[0031] The technical solution may also include the following technical details to better achieve the technical effect: the mass block is restricted to move up and down by a guide device, and a rollable spherical steel ball is arranged on the inner side of the guide device in contact with the mass block. The upper end plate, the elastic element, the inertial mass block, and the guide device are all submerged in the fluid medium.

[0032] The technical solution may also include the following technical details to better achieve the technical effect: the inertial mass block is a hollow structure with a smooth outer surface.

[0033] In another embodiment, a method using the structure static and dynamic vertical displacement synchronous measurement device includes static vertical displacement measurement and dynamic vertical displacement measurement; a. The static displacement measurement is specifically as follows: placing the reference point container at a relatively fixed point (reference point), placing the test end container at a test point, and opening the valve between them, detecting the pressure difference between the reference point container and the test end container by a pressure sensor, and converting the pressure difference into a static vertical displacement value. In one embodiment, the pressure difference is automatically converted into a static vertical displacement value by setting a data processing and transmission module. The specific conversion formula is as follows: converting the vertical displacement change into a pressure difference change (directly measured by the pressure sensor 7), and calculating the static vertical displacement value according to the fact that pressure is equal to the product of density, gravitational acceleration and static vertical displacement value; b. The dynamic displacement measurement is specifically as follows: placing the test end container at the measuring point so that the axial direction of the spring is vertically parallel to the structure, and recording the vertical displacement of the inertial mass block measured by the displacement meter as the vertical dynamic deflection of the bridge.

[0034] When it is necessary to measure the static vertical displacement and the dynamic vertical displacement synchronously, step a and step b are completed simultaneously.

[0035] When only the dynamic deflection needs to be tested, the test end container can be placed at the measuring point after closing the valve, without the need for a reference point; or the connecting pipe and the reference point container can be removed after the valve is closed; or the entire device can be placed at the measuring point, regardless of whether the valve is closed.

[0036] The semi-enclosed connecting vessel structure improves the applicability of vertical static deflection testing, thereby realizing the synchronization of vertical dynamic deflection and static deflection of the bridge, automatic measurement without line of sight, and integration, miniaturization and portability of the measuring device. It eliminates the adverse effects of various physical obstructions on deflection measurement. When only dynamic deflection needs to be tested, close the valve first, and then place the test end container at the measuring point (the connecting pipe and reference point container can be removed or placed at the measuring point, without any requirement), and no reference point is required.

[0037] Its working principle is as follows: the above-mentioned test end container, reference point container, connecting pipe, fluid medium, etc. together constitute a semi-closed communicating vessel, thereby realizing real-time measurement of vertical static deflection in multiple scenarios, and the above-mentioned upper end plate, elastic element, inertial mass block, guide device, laser displacement meter and top limit plate, bottom positioning plate and end cover plate used for positioning and fixing the displacement meter together constitute a semi-closed suspended inertial system, thereby realizing vertical dynamic deflection measurement. These together with the above-mentioned baffle fixed on the top surface of the bottom plate and the valve fixed on the end of the connecting pipe on the side of the bottom plate of the test end container constitute a structural vertical displacement monitoring / measurement device.

[0038] Taking bridges as an example, after the parameters of the above device are determined, the smaller the span of the main beam, the higher its natural frequency and the higher the accuracy of its dynamic deflection test; the larger the span of the main beam, the lower its natural frequency and the lower the requirement for dynamic deflection test accuracy. That is, small and medium span bridges have large stiffness and small vertical dynamic deflection, requiring high-precision measuring equipment; large span and extra-large span bridges have small stiffness and large vertical dynamic deflection, and the accuracy requirements for measuring equipment are relatively low. Therefore, this method and device are very suitable for the measurement of vertical dynamic deflection in bridge engineering. When the damping ratio is 0.6~0.7 and the ratio of the natural frequency of the main beam to the natural frequency of the inertial mass block is greater than 3, the dynamic displacement measurement error can be ensured to be within 1%. It is particularly suitable for the measurement of vertical dynamic deflection of bridges.

[0039] The measurement principle of vertical dynamic deflection is as follows: The center of gravity o of the mass block is taken as the coordinate origin, the upward direction is the positive y direction, the surface of the object to be measured is taken as the reference, and the upward direction is the positive y direction. s Direction, establish a coordinate system such as Figure 2 shown.

[0040] g is the acceleration due to gravity; c is the damping coefficient (provided by the pressure-transmitting medium and related to the shape of the inertial mass block and its surface finish), k is the elastic element stiffness:m is the mass of the inertial mass block.

[0041] The differential equation of motion for the inertial mass is: Assumptions: are the displacement amplitude and vibration frequency of the object to be measured. The relative displacement between the inertial mass block and the displacement to be measured is Through structural design and selection of pressure transmission medium, the gravity of the inertial mass block is made equal to the buoyancy it receives, and the comprehensive damping ratio is adjustable.

[0042] Then the above equation of motion can be written as: Arranged into the form of a second-order non-homogeneous linear differential equation with constant coefficients: make , then: Pick is the natural vibration frequency of the inertial mass block in the measurement device.

[0043] The solution (particular solution) of the steady-state vibration of the equation in the underdamped state is: It can be seen from this that as long as the natural frequency is sufficiently lower than the vibration frequency of the object being measured, the laser displacement meter reading (the displacement amplitude of the mass block relative to the object being measured) is the actual displacement amplitude of the object being measured, and the frequency of change is the same. That is: When taking When the laser displacement meter reading X (i.e. the displacement amplitude of the mass block) is used instead of the displacement amplitude of the object to be measured, The error is about 0.39%, and it increases with the frequency ratio. The error continues to decrease as the value increases, and this accuracy can fully meet engineering requirements.

[0044] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the description and the embodiments, and can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention, that is, the above method and device are also applicable to the monitoring and measurement of all vertical displacements of roads, slopes, foundations, building structures, etc. For those familiar with the art, additional modifications can be easily realized, so without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the scope of equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and embodiments shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A synchronous measurement device for static and dynamic vertical displacement of a structure, characterized in that: include: Test end container, reference point container, connecting pipe, fluid medium, displacement meter, inertial mass block, pressure sensor; The test end container and the reference point container are connected by a connecting pipe, a valve is arranged on the connecting pipe, an inertial mass block is arranged in the test end container, the upper and lower ends of the inertial mass block are connected to the test end container through elastic elements, the test end container and the reference point container are filled with fluid medium, the fluid medium is arranged to make the gravity and buoyancy of the inertial mass block equivalent, and the displacement meter is arranged to measure and obtain the vertical displacement value of the inertial mass block; the pressure sensor is used to test the pressure difference caused by the height difference of the fluid medium in the test end container and the reference point container at both ends of the connecting pipe.

2. The synchronous measurement device for static and dynamic vertical displacement of a structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure sensor is a pneumatic pressure sensor or a hydraulic pressure sensor.

3. The structure static and dynamic vertical displacement synchronous measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a data processing and transmission module and a test result display; Wherein, the displacement meter, pressure sensor and test result display are electrically connected to the data processing and transmission module respectively.

4. The structure static and dynamic vertical displacement synchronous measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the test end container is separated into a compartment that is not connected to the upper space by a bottom plate, and the displacement meter is fixed to the compartment by a positioning assembly; The bottom plate is provided with a through hole at the center of the bottom end of the inertial mass block, and a transparent rigid plate is provided directly above the through hole. The rigid plate is sealed and connected to the bottom plate. The laser displacement meter measures the vertical displacement value of the inertial mass block through the through hole.

5. The synchronous measurement device for static and dynamic vertical displacement of a structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: A flow channel is formed on one side of the partition chamber close to the connecting pipe, one end of the flow channel is connected to the connecting pipe, and the other end of the flow channel is connected to the upper space of the test end container. The flow channel is not connected to the partition chamber, and a baffle is provided on one side of the bottom plate close to the flow channel. The baffle is located between the flow channel and the inertial mass block, and the elevation of the top surface of the baffle is equivalent to the elevation of the bottom surface of the inertial mass block.

6. The synchronous measurement device for static and dynamic vertical displacement of a structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic element at the upper end of the inertial mass block is fixed to the inner wall of the test end container through the upper end plate.

7. The synchronous measurement device for static and dynamic vertical displacement of a structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The mass block is restricted to move only up and down by a guide device, and a rollable spherical steel ball is arranged on the inner side of the guide device in contact with the mass block.

8. The synchronous measurement device for static and dynamic vertical displacement of a structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inertial mass block is a hollow structure with a smooth outer surface.

9. A method for synchronously measuring static and dynamic vertical displacements of a structure using the device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: Including static vertical displacement measurement and dynamic vertical displacement measurement; a. The static displacement measurement is specifically as follows: placing the reference point container at a relatively fixed point, placing the test end container at a measuring point, and opening the valve between them, detecting the pressure difference between the reference point container and the test end container by a pressure sensor, and converting the pressure difference into a static vertical displacement value; b. The dynamic displacement measurement is specifically as follows: placing the test end container at the measuring point, making the axis direction of the spring vertically parallel to the structure, and recording the vertical displacement of the inertial mass block measured by the displacement meter as the vertical dynamic deflection of the bridge; When it is necessary to measure the static vertical displacement and the dynamic vertical displacement synchronously, step a and step b are completed simultaneously.

Images