Gas treatment device

Abstract

The application provides a gas treatment device, comprising: an absorption tower having a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet; a desorption tower, the desorption tower being communicated with the liquid inlet through a lean liquid pipeline, and the desorption tower being communicated with the liquid outlet through a rich liquid pipeline; an air separation device having a discharge port; wherein the lean liquid pipeline is provided with a first heat exchanger, the discharge port is communicated with the first heat exchanger through a first communication pipeline, and the first heat exchanger can perform heat exchange treatment on the fluid in the lean liquid pipeline and the fluid in the first communication pipeline. The technical scheme of the application effectively solves the problem of waste of cold energy of the dirty nitrogen gas in the related art, which does not recycle and utilize the cold energy of the dirty nitrogen gas discharged by the air separation process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of gas processing equipment technology, and more specifically, to a gas processing equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Air separation units are used to separate rare gases such as oxygen and argon from the air. The waste nitrogen gas discharged from air separation units is currently the largest volume of exhaust gas emitted by air separation units in coal gasification systems. The waste nitrogen gas discharged from air separation units contains a certain amount of cold energy.

[0003] In related technologies, the waste nitrogen gas discharged from the air separation unit is directly released into the atmosphere without recovering and utilizing the cooling capacity of the waste nitrogen gas, resulting in a waste of the cooling capacity of the waste nitrogen gas. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of this invention is to provide a gas processing device to solve the problem in related technologies where the cooling capacity of the waste nitrogen gas discharged from the air separation process is not recovered and utilized, resulting in a waste of the cooling capacity of the waste nitrogen gas.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a gas processing device, comprising: an absorption tower having an inlet and an outlet; a desorption tower connected to the inlet via a lean liquid pipeline and connected to the outlet via a rich liquid pipeline; and an air separation unit having a discharge port; wherein a first heat exchanger is provided on the lean liquid pipeline, and the discharge port is connected to the first heat exchanger via a first connecting pipeline, the first heat exchanger being capable of exchanging heat between the fluid in the lean liquid pipeline and the fluid in the first connecting pipeline.

[0006] Furthermore, the gas processing device also includes a converter and a second connecting pipeline. The converter is connected to the absorption tower and has a coolant inlet and a coolant outlet. One end of the second connecting pipeline is connected to the coolant inlet, and the other end of the second connecting pipeline is connected to the coolant outlet. A second heat exchanger is installed on the rich liquid pipeline, and the second connecting pipeline is connected to the second heat exchanger. The second heat exchanger is capable of exchanging heat between the fluid in the second connecting pipeline and the fluid in the rich liquid pipeline.

[0007] Furthermore, the gas processing device also includes a third connecting pipeline and a slag lock hopper connected to the third connecting pipeline, the third connecting pipeline being connected to the first connecting pipeline via a first heat exchanger.

[0008] Furthermore, the gas processing device also includes a compressor installed on the third connecting pipeline, which is located upstream of the slag lock hopper and is capable of compressing the gas in the third connecting pipeline.

[0009] Furthermore, the gas processing device also includes a cold energy recovery device installed on the first connecting pipeline, which is capable of recovering the cold energy of the fluid in the first connecting pipeline.

[0010] Furthermore, the cold energy recovery device is an adsorption refrigeration system, an air heat recovery device, or a heat pipe heat recovery unit.

[0011] Furthermore, the gas processing device also includes a lean liquid pressurization pump installed on the lean liquid pipeline.

[0012] Furthermore, the lean solution booster pump is located upstream of the first heat exchanger.

[0013] Furthermore, the gas processing device also includes a rich liquid pressurization pump installed on the rich liquid pipeline.

[0014] Furthermore, the rich liquid pressurization pump is located upstream of the second heat exchanger.

[0015] According to the technical solution of this invention, the gas treatment device includes an absorption tower, a desorption tower, and an air separation unit. The absorption tower has an inlet and an outlet. The desorption tower is connected to the inlet via a lean liquid pipeline and to the outlet via a rich liquid pipeline. The air separation unit has a discharge port. A first heat exchanger is installed on the lean liquid pipeline, and the discharge port is connected to the first heat exchanger via a first connecting pipeline. The first heat exchanger can exchange heat between the fluid in the lean liquid pipeline and the fluid in the first connecting pipeline. Thus, the absorption tower contains carbon dioxide and hydrogen. Hydrogen is discharged from the top of the absorption tower. The lean liquid pipeline introduces low-temperature methanol lean liquid into the absorption tower to absorb carbon dioxide. The methanol rich liquid, having absorbed carbon dioxide, is discharged from the rich liquid pipeline, and the carbon dioxide in the methanol rich liquid is released and extracted in the desorption tower. The waste nitrogen gas discharged from the air separation unit can be discharged from the discharge port and enter the first connecting pipeline, where the first heat exchanger absorbs the cooling energy of the waste nitrogen gas. The first heat exchanger transfers the cooling energy of the absorbed waste nitrogen to the lean liquor pipeline, which helps to lower the temperature of the methanol lean liquor in the pipeline, thereby improving the methanol lean liquor's adsorption capacity for carbon dioxide. This allows for the recovery and reuse of the cooling energy of the waste nitrogen discharged from the air separation unit, avoiding the waste of this cooling energy. Therefore, the technical solution of this application effectively solves the problem of wasted cooling energy caused by the failure to recover and reuse the cooling energy of the waste nitrogen discharged from the air separation process in related technologies. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0017] Figure 1A schematic diagram of the piping connections according to an embodiment of the gas processing apparatus of the present invention is shown.

[0018] The above figures include the following reference numerals:

[0019] 10. Absorption tower; 20. Desorption tower; 30. Air separation unit; 40. Shift converter;

[0020] 50. Lean solution pipeline; 51. First heat exchanger; 52. Lean solution booster pump;

[0021] 60. Rich solution pipeline; 61. Rich solution booster pump; 62. Second heat exchanger;

[0022] 70. First connecting pipeline; 71. Cold energy recovery device;

[0023] 80. Second connecting pipe;

[0024] 90. Third connecting pipe; 91. Compressor. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0027] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0028] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 As shown, the gas processing device includes an absorption tower 10, a desorption tower 20, and an air separation unit 30. The absorption tower 10 has an inlet and an outlet. The desorption tower 20 is connected to the inlet via a lean liquid pipeline 50 and to the outlet via a rich liquid pipeline 60. The air separation unit 30 has a discharge port. A first heat exchanger 51 is installed on the lean liquid pipeline 50, and the discharge port is connected to the first heat exchanger 51 via a first connecting pipeline 70. The first heat exchanger 51 can exchange heat between the fluid in the lean liquid pipeline 50 and the fluid in the first connecting pipeline 70.

[0029] In this way, the absorption tower 10 contains carbon dioxide and hydrogen. The hydrogen is discharged from the top of the absorption tower 10. The lean liquid pipeline 50 introduces low-temperature methanol lean liquid into the absorption tower 10 to absorb carbon dioxide. The methanol rich liquid, which has absorbed carbon dioxide, is discharged from the rich liquid pipeline 60, and the carbon dioxide in the methanol rich liquid is released and extracted in the desorption tower 20. The waste nitrogen gas discharged from the air separation unit 30 can be discharged from the discharge port and enter the first connecting pipeline 70. The first heat exchanger 51 on the first connecting pipeline 70 absorbs the cooling energy of the waste nitrogen gas in the first connecting pipeline 70. The cooling energy of the waste nitrogen gas absorbed by the first heat exchanger 51 is transferred to the lean liquid pipeline 50, which helps to reduce the temperature of the methanol lean liquid in the lean liquid pipeline 50, thereby improving the adsorption capacity of the methanol lean liquid for carbon dioxide. In this way, the cooling energy of the waste nitrogen gas discharged from the air separation unit 30 can be recovered and reused, avoiding the problem of waste of the cooling energy of waste nitrogen gas. Therefore, the technical solution of this embodiment effectively solves the problem in related technologies that the cooling capacity of the waste nitrogen gas discharged from the air separation process is not recovered and utilized, resulting in a waste of the cooling capacity of the waste nitrogen gas.

[0030] like Figure 1As shown, the gas processing device also includes a shift converter 40 and a second connecting pipe 80, with the shift converter 40 connected to the absorption tower 10. The shift converter 40 has a coolant inlet and a coolant outlet. One end of the second connecting pipe 80 is connected to the coolant inlet, and the other end is connected to the coolant outlet. A second heat exchanger 62 is installed on the rich liquid pipe 60, and the second connecting pipe 80 is connected to the second heat exchanger 62. The second heat exchanger 62 can exchange heat between the fluid in the second connecting pipe 80 and the fluid in the rich liquid pipe 60. In this embodiment, a water-gas shift reaction occurs in the shift converter 40, producing hydrogen and carbon dioxide from a gas mixture containing carbon monoxide and water vapor. This reaction is exothermic, requiring the introduction of coolant into the shift converter 40 to lower the temperature and maintain the normal operation of the water-gas shift reaction. Since the methanol-rich liquid in the rich liquid pipeline 60 needs to be heated to release carbon dioxide before entering the desorption tower 20, a second heat exchanger 62 is installed on the rich liquid pipeline 60. This second heat exchanger 62 absorbs a portion of the cooling energy from the methanol-rich liquid in the rich liquid pipeline 60 and transfers this cooling energy to the second connecting pipeline 80, thereby cooling the coolant within the second connecting pipeline 80 so it can return to the converter 40 for further cooling. Furthermore, the coolant discharged from the converter 40 is at a higher temperature, which can raise the temperature of the methanol-rich liquid in the rich liquid pipeline 60, facilitating the release of carbon dioxide from the methanol-rich liquid. This reduces the need for additional heat sources and minimizes energy waste. The above arrangement further recovers and utilizes the cooling energy, reducing the waste of cooling energy in the waste nitrogen gas.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, the gas treatment device also includes a third connecting pipe 90 and a slag lock hopper connected to the third connecting pipe 90. The third connecting pipe 90 is connected to the first connecting pipe 70 through the first heat exchanger 51.

[0032] In this embodiment, the slag lock hopper primarily receives and discharges the ash and slag discharged from the gasifier. Under the control of the slag discharge system's logic program, the slag lock hopper completes the slag collection and discharge operations through steps such as slag collection, pressure relief, flushing, slag discharge, and pressure increase. The third connecting pipe 90 is connected to the first connecting pipe 70 via the first heat exchanger 51, allowing the recovered cold nitrogen gas to be injected into the slag lock hopper for pressure increase, facilitating the smooth discharge of the ash and slag and further recovering and utilizing the waste nitrogen gas.

[0033] In this embodiment, the waste nitrogen gas recovered by the first heat exchanger 51, which has already been heated, is guided into the slag lock hopper and used as a pressurization gas source, further recovering and reusing the waste nitrogen gas and reducing its waste. After heat exchange treatment by the first heat exchanger 51, the temperature of the waste nitrogen gas will increase, but it can still be used as a cheap gas source for pressurization operation of the slag lock hopper. In this way, the cooling capacity of the waste nitrogen gas discharged from the air separation unit is utilized, and the use of additional energy or gas for pressurizing the slag lock hopper is avoided. Therefore, the connection between the first heat exchanger 51 and the slag lock hopper through the third connecting pipe 90 realizes the recovery of cooling capacity and the reuse of gas, improving the energy efficiency and environmental performance of the entire system.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, the gas treatment device also includes a compressor 91 installed on the third connecting pipe 90. The compressor 91 is located upstream of the slag lock hopper and can compress the gas in the third connecting pipe 90. The compressor 91 compresses the heat-exchanged sludge nitrogen gas to increase its pressure, facilitating its introduction into the slag lock hopper for pressurization.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, the gas processing device also includes a cold energy recovery device 71 installed on the first connecting pipe 70. The cold energy recovery device 71 can recover the cold energy of the fluid in the first connecting pipe 70. The installation of the cold energy recovery device 71 can recover part of the cold energy of the waste nitrogen gas, so as to control the cold energy received by the first heat exchanger 51 and avoid the waste of the cold energy of the waste nitrogen gas.

[0036] In this embodiment, the amount of cold energy of the waste nitrogen gas discharged from the air separation unit 30 is greater than the amount of cold energy required to cool the methanol lean liquid in the lean liquid pipeline 50. Therefore, a cold energy recovery device 71 is provided to recover and reuse the cold energy of the waste nitrogen gas discharged from the air separation unit 30.

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, the cold energy recovery device 71 is an adsorption refrigeration system, an air heat recovery device, or a heat pipe heat recovery unit. This configuration enables the cold energy recovery device 71 to recover and reuse a portion of the cold energy in the waste nitrogen gas discharged from the air separation unit 30.

[0038] The adsorption-type refrigeration system includes an adsorbent container, a heat exchanger, and a desorber. The heat exchanger is connected to the first connecting pipe 70 to absorb the cooling energy from the waste nitrogen gas. The adsorbent container is connected to the lean liquid pipe 50 or other systems requiring cooling. When heat in the system is absorbed by the adsorbent, the adsorbent container releases the previously stored cooling energy. During the adsorption stage, the heat exchanger absorbs cooling energy from the waste nitrogen gas, cooling the adsorbent, such as silica gel or activated alumina. During the desorption stage, the adsorbent is heated, for example using low-grade heat energy, to release previously absorbed moisture or other adsorbates. The heat released in this process can be recovered and reused, and the adsorbent can reabsorb heat after cooling again, achieving the recycling of cooling energy.

[0039] The air heat recovery device's heat exchanger is connected to the first connecting pipe 70 to recover the cooling capacity from the waste nitrogen gas. A fan or blower in the air heat recovery device propels air through the heat exchanger; the air passes through a filter to remove impurities before entering the heat exchanger. The other side of the air heat recovery device is connected to a system requiring preheated air, such as a preheating furnace, air conditioning system, or drying equipment. Waste nitrogen gas enters the heat exchanger of the air heat recovery device through the first connecting pipe 70 and exchanges heat with the air. The air absorbs cooling capacity from the waste nitrogen gas and, after precooling, can be used for subsequent cold energy utilization, such as cooling other fluids or spaces. The fan or blower ensures a sufficiently high flow rate between the air and waste nitrogen gas to improve heat exchange efficiency. The filter prevents impurities from entering the heat exchanger, avoiding a decrease in heat exchange efficiency.

[0040] The heat pipe heat recovery unit includes a heat pipe, a hot-end heat exchanger at one end of the heat pipe, and a cold-end heat exchanger at the other end of the heat pipe. The hot-end heat exchanger is connected to a first connecting pipe 70, and the cold-end heat exchanger is connected to other systems requiring cooling. The first connecting pipe 70 is connected to the hot-end heat exchanger so that the cooling energy in the waste nitrogen gas can be absorbed by the hot end of the heat pipe. The hot-end heat exchanger absorbs cooling energy from the waste nitrogen gas, causing the working fluid inside the heat pipe, such as water, ammonia, or Freon, to evaporate. The working fluid vapor flows to the cold-end heat exchanger through capillary action or gravity inside the heat pipe, where it condenses and releases cooling energy to the lean liquid or other systems for pre-cooling or lowering the system temperature. The liquid phase of the working fluid after releasing cooling energy returns to the hot-end heat exchanger through the heat pipe, repeating the heat absorption and cooling process to achieve continuous recovery and reuse of cooling energy.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, the gas processing device also includes a lean liquid booster pump 52 installed on the lean liquid pipeline 50. The lean liquid booster pump 52 facilitates the transport of methanol lean liquid within the lean liquid pipeline 50.

[0042] like Figure 1As shown, the lean methanol booster pump 52 is located upstream of the first heat exchanger 51. This improves the heat exchange efficiency of the lean methanol solution during heat exchange in the first heat exchanger 51, and increases the flow velocity and pressure of the lean methanol solution in the first heat exchanger 51.

[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, the gas processing device also includes a rich liquid pressurization pump 61 installed on the rich liquid pipeline 60. The rich liquid pressurization pump 61 facilitates the transport of methanol rich liquid within the rich liquid pipeline 60.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, the rich liquid pressurization pump 61 is located upstream of the second heat exchanger 62. This improves the heat exchange efficiency of the methanol-rich liquid in the second heat exchanger 62, and increases the flow velocity and pressure of the methanol-rich liquid in the second heat exchanger 62.

[0045] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention; the directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0046] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "on top of," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0047] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0048] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gas processing device, characterized in that, include: The absorption tower (10) has a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet; Desorption tower (20), the desorption tower (20) is connected to the inlet through a lean liquid pipeline (50), and the desorption tower (20) is connected to the outlet through a rich liquid pipeline (60); The air separation unit (30) has an exhaust port; The lean liquid pipeline (50) is equipped with a first heat exchanger (51), and the discharge port is connected to the first heat exchanger (51) through a first connecting pipeline (70). The first heat exchanger (51) can exchange heat between the fluid in the lean liquid pipeline (50) and the fluid in the first connecting pipeline (70). The gas treatment device also includes a converter (40) and a second connecting pipeline (80). The converter (40) is connected to the absorption tower (10). 0) It has a coolant inlet and a coolant outlet. One end of the second connecting pipe (80) is connected to the coolant inlet, and the other end of the second connecting pipe (80) is connected to the coolant outlet. A second heat exchanger (62) is provided on the rich liquid pipe (60). The second connecting pipe (80) is connected to the second heat exchanger (62). The second heat exchanger (62) can perform heat exchange treatment between the fluid in the second connecting pipe (80) and the fluid in the rich liquid pipe (60).

2. The gas processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas processing device further includes a third connecting pipe (90) and a slag lock hopper connected to the third connecting pipe (90). The third connecting pipe (90) is connected to the first connecting pipe (70) through the first heat exchanger (51).

3. The gas processing apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The gas treatment device also includes a compressor (91) installed on the third connecting pipe (90), the compressor (91) being located upstream of the slag lock hopper, and the compressor (91) being able to compress the gas in the third connecting pipe (90).

4. The gas processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas processing device also includes a cold energy recovery device (71) installed on the first connecting pipe (70), which is capable of recovering the cold energy of the fluid in the first connecting pipe (70).

5. The gas processing apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cold energy recovery device (71) is an adsorption refrigeration system, an air heat recovery device, or a heat pipe heat recovery unit.

6. The gas processing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas processing device also includes a lean liquid booster pump (52) installed on the lean liquid pipeline (50).

7. The gas processing apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that, The lean liquid booster pump (52) is located upstream of the first heat exchanger (51).

8. The gas processing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas processing device also includes a rich liquid pressurization pump (61) installed on the rich liquid pipeline (60).

9. The gas processing apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that, The rich liquid pressurization pump (61) is located upstream of the second heat exchanger (62).

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