High-temperature quartz dust flue gas treatment and waste heat recovery device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-temperature quartz dust flue gas treatment and waste heat recovery device and method. The device comprises a spray tower and a reaction box, wherein the spray tower is used for carrying out alkaline leaching dissolution reaction on high-temperature quartz dust flue gas; the reaction box is communicated with the spray tower and is used for carrying out chemical carbon sequestration reaction on a solution after the alkaline leaching dissolution reaction; wherein high-temperature steam generated by an alkaline leaching dissolution reaction in the spray tower is led to a first plate heat exchanger for waste heat recovery, and a solution generated by a chemical carbon sequestration reaction in the reaction box is led to a second plate heat exchanger for waste heat recovery; according to the method, on the basis of the device, the reaction completeness of SiO2 particles and a NaOH solution is judged by utilizing a mathematical regression analysis method, and the SiO2 particles are ensured to be completely dissolved and are introduced into the reaction box for a chemical carbon sequestration reaction. According to the invention, near-zero carbon treatment and waste heat recovery of high-temperature quartz dust flue gas are realized based on alkaline leaching dissolution reaction and chemical carbon sequestration reaction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to quartz dust fume treatment and waste heat technology, and in particular to a high-temperature quartz dust fume treatment and waste heat recovery device and method. Background Art

[0002] Regarding the dust removal and heat recovery of quartz dust and its heat exhaust system, common treatment methods include: decentralized treatment methods and equipment based on centralized traditional physical filtration and oscillating dust removal technology, by setting a physical filter cartridge in a mobile dust removal box to filter the dust in the air, and setting a dust collection cylinder, dust bag, lifting assembly and clamping assembly at the bottom of the filter cartridge to realize automatic dust removal and collection functions.

[0003] Physical dust removal and ash collection equipment can realize the automatic capture of large-particle quartz sand in scattered process sections under low temperature. However, in actual projects, quartz dust and flue gas often carry great heat energy. During the capture process, high-temperature quartz particles will produce stable and adhesive aggregate crystals when they are cooled. This will cause conventional filters to be gradually attached by crystals during use, resulting in reduced capture rate, difficulty in filter regeneration, and even reduced life of the collection equipment.

[0004] Therefore, for dust removal of molten quartz in a high-temperature environment, some equipment uses a high-pressure nozzle to spray the incoming dust gas, cools the internal gas and dusts it, then starts the drive motor, and the rotating rod drives the dust suction fan to rotate at high speed, further dusts the gas after dusting, and accelerates the flow of the gas. The gas after dusting passes through the filter plate for purification, so that the gas originally mixed with dust can be thoroughly purified and discharged through the exhaust pipe, so that the equipment can achieve the purpose of good dust removal effect. Among them, the spray tower is divided into multiple spray areas by setting a partition plate and a guide plate to reduce the problem of increased diameter of water mist caused by the overlap of two spray areas; there is a channel inclined relative to the spray direction between the guide plate and the partition plate, which further reduces the resistance of the flue gas flow, separates the flue gas into two channels for flow, and reduces the situation of flue gas vortex aggregation; a water receiving tray is set at the lower inner side of the spray tower body, and the water inlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the water receiving tray to realize waste heat recovery.

[0005] The spray cooling dust reduction method has, to a certain extent, overcome the problem of high-temperature fused quartz dust removal and improved the filtration efficiency through cooling dust reduction. However, this method also has the following problems: as far as dust capture itself is concerned, the explosion risk caused by steam overpressure during the cooling process is not considered; high-temperature dust will rapidly cool and condense to form solid precipitation when it encounters cold, and with the introduction of flue gas, the equipment is prone to blockage risks; cooling water as a heat carrier is directly discharged to the outside or an additional heat exchange device needs to be installed, resulting in energy waste and space waste. Summary of the invention

[0006] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-temperature quartz dust flue gas treatment and waste heat recovery device and method, which can achieve near-zero carbon treatment and waste heat recovery of high-temperature quartz dust flue gas based on alkali leaching dissolution reaction and chemical carbon fixation reaction.

[0007] Technical solution: To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the high-temperature quartz dust flue gas treatment and waste heat recovery device described in the present invention includes a spray tower for performing an alkali leaching and dissolution reaction on the high-temperature quartz dust flue gas, and a reaction box connected to the spray tower for performing a chemical carbon fixation reaction on the solution after the alkali leaching and dissolution reaction; wherein the high-temperature steam generated by the alkali leaching and dissolution reaction in the spray tower is directed to a first plate heat exchanger for waste heat recovery, and the solution generated by the chemical carbon fixation reaction in the reaction box is directed to a second plate heat exchanger for waste heat recovery.

[0008] Among them, the space inside the spray tower is divided from top to bottom into a pressure stabilizing area, a spraying area and a liquid collection area. The pressure stabilizing area is connected to the first plate heat exchanger and is provided with a pressure relief port. The spraying area is provided with a spraying device and a first air inlet for introducing high-temperature quartz dust and flue gas. The liquid collection area is connected to the reaction box and is provided with a temperature sensor, a low liquid level measurement sensor, and a high liquid level measurement sensor.

[0009] Wherein, a demisting plate is arranged between the pressure stabilizing area and the spraying area, and a filter plate and a pressure difference sensor are arranged between the liquid collecting area and the spraying area.

[0010] Among them, the reaction box includes a first liquid inlet connected to the spray tower, a third air inlet for introducing external C02, a third air outlet for discharging excess C02 gas, a second liquid outlet located at the top and connected to the second plate heat exchanger, a second liquid discharge port located at the bottom for discharging the reaction solution in the reaction box, a low liquid level measurement sensor, and a high liquid level measurement sensor.

[0011] The first plate heat exchanger is a flue gas-water plate heat exchanger, the second plate heat exchanger is a water-water plate heat exchanger, and the hot water after heat exchange in the first plate heat exchanger and the second plate heat exchanger is collected in the water collector.

[0012] The present invention discloses a method for treating high-temperature quartz dust and flue gas and recovering waste heat based on the above-mentioned device, comprising:

[0013] Spraying NaOH solution with phenolphthalein indicator in the spray tower, introducing high-temperature quartz dust fume, and carrying out alkaline leaching and dissolution reaction of SiO2 particles and NaOH solution, the steam generated in the reaction is led to the first plate heat exchanger for waste heat recovery;

[0014] The completeness of the reaction between SiO2 particles and NaOH solution is determined by mathematical regression analysis. If the SiO2 particles are completely dissolved, the solution after the alkaline leaching and dissolution reaction is passed into the reaction box for chemical carbon fixation reaction.

[0015] Judge the progress of the reaction according to the color change of the solution during the chemical carbon sequestration reaction. After the reaction is completed, the solution after the chemical carbon sequestration reaction in the reaction tank is sent to the second plate heat exchanger for waste heat recovery.

[0016] Among them, the alkali leaching dissolution reaction formula of the SiO2 particles and the NaOH solution is: SiO2 + 2NaOH = Na2SiO3 + H2O; the solution after the alkali leaching dissolution reaction includes Na2SiO3, NaOH and phenolphthalein solution; the chemical carbon sequestration reaction formula is: Na2SiO3 + 2H20 + 2CO2 = 2NaHCO3 + H2SiO3, 2NaOH + CO2 = Na2CO3 + H2O.

[0017] Among them, the method for judging the reaction completeness of SiO2 particles and NaOH solution by mathematical regression analysis method is: collect the reaction temperature T and reaction time t, and use the reaction mathematical regression formula: 1 - (1 - α) 1 / 3 = κ a ×t, calculate the SiO2 dissolution rate and output α1, and at the same time use the spectral analyzer to output the dissolution rate α2 according to the change of the color characteristics of the reaction solution. If 丨α1 - α2丨 < 0.1, it is determined that the SiO2 particles are completely dissolved, otherwise continue to spray the NaOH solution with phenolphthalein indicator.

[0018] Among them, the spectral analyzer outputs the dissolution rate α2 according to the change of the color characteristics of the reaction solution, which means that the spectral analyzer outputs the dissolution rate α2 when the reaction solution changes from red to colorless.

[0019] Among them, when the color of the solution is colorless during the chemical carbon sequestration reaction, the reaction ends, otherwise continue to introduce CO2 gas into the reaction tank.

[0020] Beneficial effects: The present invention has the following advantages: 1. The present invention realizes the efficient treatment of quartz flue gas, avoids the equipment blockage problem caused by the insolubility of quartz dust in water and high-temperature condensation polymerization, and prolongs the service life of the equipment; 2. By combining mathematical regression and chemical acid-base color reaction analysis methods, timely understand the progress of alkali leaching dissolution reaction and chemical carbon sequestration reaction, and ensure the purification efficiency of quartz flue gas; 3. Combine quartz flue gas treatment with CO2 absorption and fixation to effectively reduce air pollution; 4. The device realizes the integrated and effective recovery of spray coolant waste heat, flue gas waste heat and chemical reaction heat, and improves the energy utilization efficiency; 5. The device is provided with pressure relief protection to ensure the safety and stability of the equipment during operation. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0021] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the device of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the spray tower of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 It is the logic block diagram of the determination method of chemical dissolution of SiO2 particles;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a logic block diagram of the method of the present invention;

[0025] Wherein, the spray tower 1 includes: a pressure stabilizing area 11, a first air outlet 111, an electric pressure relief port 112, and a demister plate 113; a spraying area 12, a spraying device 121, a first air inlet 122, and a pipeline 123; a liquid collecting area 13, a filter plate 131, a first liquid outlet 132, and a first liquid discharge port 133;

[0026] First plate heat exchanger 2: second air inlet 21, second air outlet 22, first cooling water inlet 23, first hot water outlet 24, pressure valve 25;

[0027] Reaction box 3: third air inlet 31, second liquid outlet 32;

[0028] The second plate heat exchanger 5: a second liquid inlet 51, a third liquid outlet 52, a second cooling water inlet 53, and a second hot water outlet 54;

[0029] Water pump 4, water collector 6. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and drawings.

[0031] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the high-temperature quartz dust flue gas treatment and waste heat recovery device of the present invention includes a spray tower 1, a first plate heat exchanger 2, a reaction box 3, a water pump 4, a second plate heat exchanger 5, and a water collector 6.

[0032] The space inside the spray tower 1 is divided into a pressure stabilization zone 11 , a spray zone 12 and a liquid collection zone 13 from top to bottom. Among them, the side wall of the voltage stabilizing area 11 is provided with a first air outlet 111 communicated with the first plate heat exchanger 2, and a pressure sensor, an electric pressure relief port 112 is provided on the top, and a defogger plate 113 is provided between the voltage stabilizing area 11 and the spraying area 12; a spray device 121 is provided at the upper end of the spraying area 12, and a first air inlet 122 of high-temperature quartz dust and flue gas is provided within the spraying range of the spray device 121, and the spray device 121 introduces the external NaOH solution into the tower through a pipe 123; a filter plate 131 and a pressure difference sensor are provided between the liquid collection area 13 and the spraying area 12 to prevent non-alkaline dissolved particles from entering the liquid collection area 13, and a first liquid outlet 132 communicated with the reaction box 3 is provided below the filter plate 131, and a first liquid drain port 133 is provided at the bottom of the liquid collection area 13 for discharging the liquid in the spray tower 1 after the reaction is completed. In addition, the liquid collection area 13 is also provided with a temperature sensor, a low liquid level measurement sensor, and a high liquid level measurement sensor.

[0033] The first plate heat exchanger 2 is a flue gas-water plate heat exchanger, including a second air inlet 21 connected to the first air outlet 111, a second air outlet 22, a first cooling water inlet 23, and a first hot water outlet 24. A pressure valve 25 is provided on the connecting pipe between the first air outlet 111 and the second air inlet 21. The first cooling water inlet 23 is connected to an external water source, and the first hot water outlet 24 is connected to the water collector 6.

[0034] The high-temperature quartz dust flue gas enters the spraying area 12 through the first air inlet 122, and reacts with the fine room-temperature NaOH solution sprayed from the spray device 121 to produce a Na2SiO3 aqueous solution. The chemical reaction is: SiO2+2NaOH=Na2SiO3+H2O. During the reaction, the room-temperature liquid will vaporize and generate a large amount of water vapor and heat after contacting with the high-temperature flue gas. The high-temperature water vapor rises under the action of heat pressure, and after the water vapor content is initially reduced by the demister plate 113, it gathers in the voltage stabilizing area 11. When the pressure sensor in the voltage stabilizing area 11 detects that the pressure reaches the first set value, the pressure valve 25 is opened, and the high-temperature exhaust gas (including air and a small amount of water vapor) passes through the first air outlet 111 to the first plate heat exchanger 2, and completes heat exchange with the cooling water. The cooling water enters the first plate heat exchanger 2 through the first cooling water inlet 23 to exchange heat with the high-temperature flue gas, and after heat exchange, it is collected from the first hot water outlet 24 into the water collector 6 for collection. When the pressure sensor in the pressure stabilizing area 11 detects that the pressure is higher than the second set value, the electric pressure relief port 112 is opened to release the pressure.

[0035] The reaction box 3 includes a first liquid inlet connected to the first liquid outlet 132, a third air inlet 31 (with an insect-proof net) for introducing external CO2, a third air outlet for discharging excess CO2 gas, a second liquid outlet 32 ​​located at the top and connected to the second plate heat exchanger 5, a second liquid discharge port located at the bottom for discharging the reaction solution in the reaction box 3, a low liquid level measurement sensor, and a high liquid level measurement sensor. A solenoid valve is provided at the connection between the first liquid outlet 132 of the spray tower 1 and the first liquid inlet of the reaction box 3.

[0036] The Na2SiO3 aqueous solution (including incompletely reacted NaOH solution) produced by the reaction gathers in the liquid collection area 13, and enters the reaction box 3 through the first liquid outlet 132 and the first liquid inlet 31. When the low liquid level measurement sensor measures that the Na2SiO3 aqueous solution entering the reaction box 3 has reached a low liquid level, CO2 gas is introduced into the reaction box 3 to cause a chemical reaction: Na2SiO3+2H20+2CO2=2NaHCO3+H2SiO3, 2NaOH+CO2=Na2CO3+H2O.

[0037] After the reaction in the reaction box 3 is completed, the post-reaction acidic solution located at the top is passed through the second liquid outlet 32 ​​to the second plate heat exchanger 5 to complete heat exchange with cooling water. The second plate heat exchanger 5 is a water-water plate heat exchanger, including a second liquid inlet 51 connected to the second liquid outlet 32, a third liquid outlet 52 for collecting the acidic solution after heat exchange, a second cooling water inlet 53, and a second hot water outlet 54. The second cooling water inlet 53 is connected to an external water source, and the second hot water outlet 54 is connected to the water collector 6 through the water pump 4.

[0038] Based on the above-mentioned high-temperature quartz dust flue gas treatment and waste heat recovery device, the chemical reaction and the judgment process of the reaction progress are as follows:

[0039] (1) Two types of reactions occur in the high-temperature quartz dust flue gas in the spraying area 12: the high-temperature flue gas undergoes a vaporization reaction when encountering cold droplets, and the high-temperature exhaust gas floats up under the action of heat; SiO2 undergoes an alkaline leaching and dissolution reaction with NaOH, and the reaction chemical formula is SiO2+2NaOH=Na2SiO3+H2O.

[0040] (2) The completeness of the reaction between SiO2 and NaOH is determined by mathematical regression analysis to ensure that the SiO2 particles are dissolved as completely as possible. The alkaline leaching dissolution reaction includes three processes: the internal diffusion of the NaOH solution to the surface of the SiO2 particles; the chemical reaction on the surface of the SiO2 particles; and the external diffusion of the high modulus Na2SiO3 into the NaOH solution. Since the product on the surface of the SiO2 particles during the leaching process is a high modulus sodium silicate solution, the internal diffusion of the NaOH solution into the surface of the SiO2 particles is relatively weak. Therefore, the dissolution control step of SiO2 particle dust in the NaOH solution is mainly the chemical reaction on the surface of the SiO2 particles or the external diffusion of the high modulus Na2SiO3 solution into the NaOH solution. When the process is dominated by chemical reaction, the mathematical regression formula for the reaction is:

[0041] 1-(1-α) 1 / 3 =κ a ×t;

[0042] When the process is controlled by the external diffusion of high modulus Na2SiO3 solution, the mathematical regression formula of the reaction is:

[0043] 1-(1-α) 2 / 3 =κ b ×t.

[0044] In the above formula: α is the dissolution rate of SiO2 particles in the solution, %; κ a , κ b is the reaction rate constant, min -1 ; t is the dissolution time, min.

[0045] From the above formula, we can know that the dissolution rate of SiO2 particles in NaOH solution can be approximated by the solution concentration and temperature (affecting κ a ,κ b ) and a linear function of time.

[0046] When the NaOH solution with phenolphthalein indicator reacts with SiO2 (SiO2 particles and non-dissoluble particulate matters aggregate on the filter plate 131. Based on the measured value of the differential pressure sensor, the spraying of the NaOH solution is controlled to start, and then SiO2 dissolves in NaOH. The non-dissoluble particles precipitate with the liquid in the liquid collection area 13 to complete the flue gas purification), the reaction temperature T and reaction time t are determined based on the detection data of the low water level measurement sensor and temperature sensor in the liquid collection area 13 (the timing principle is: when the low water level measurement sensor detects that the liquid level reaches the low level, the timing starts and ends when the spectral analyzer monitors that the optical spectrum of the solution is colorless and typical). The dissolution rate of SiO2 is calculated and α1 is output by combining the reaction mathematical regression formula dominated by chemical reaction. At the same time, the spectral analyzer outputs the dissolution rate α2 according to the change in the color characteristics of the solution (from red to colorless) (α2 is given according to the color reaction sensitivity of the indicator, generally not less than 90%). According to the magnitude of the value of 丨α1 - α2丨 and 0.1, it is finally determined whether the dissolution reaction is complete. If it is completely dissolved, the subsequent chemical carbon fixation process is carried out in the reaction tank 3. Otherwise, the solenoid valve between the spray tower 1 and the reaction tank 3 is kept closed, and NaOH is continuously sprayed until SiO2 is completely dissolved. The specific process is as Figure 3 shown.

[0047] (3) Since Na2SiO3 is a viscous fluid (commonly known as water glass) and cannot be directly used for heat exchange, and direct discharge will also cause a large amount of industrial waste heat and chemical energy waste. Therefore, chemical carbon fixation reaction is used to reduce the concentration of Na2SiO3 in the aqueous solution of Na2SiO3 (Na2SiO3, NaOH and phenolphthalein solution) after alkali leaching dissolution reaction and improve the fluidity of the solution. In addition, the chemical carbon fixation reaction uses CO2 as a reactant, which can also relieve the greenhouse effect. The chemical carbon fixation reaction formula: Na2SiO3 + 2H20 + 2CO2 = 2NaHCO3 + H2SiO3, 2NaOH + CO2 = Na2CO3 + H2O.

[0048] The aqueous solution of Na2SiO3 enters the interior of the reaction tank 3 through the first liquid outlet 132 and the first liquid inlet 31. When the high water level measurement sensor in the reaction tank 3 measures that the aqueous solution of Na2SiO3 entering the interior of the reaction tank 3 reaches the high water level, the feeding is stopped and CO2 gas is started to be introduced into the reaction tank 3, and a chemical reaction occurs:

[0049] Na2SiO3+2H20+2CO2=2NaHCO3+H2SiO3. When the low liquid level measurement sensor in the reaction box 3 measures that the liquid level is lower than the set low level, continue to pass the solution. In the reaction, both Na2SiO3 and NaOH solutions react with CO2, causing the solution to change from alkaline to weakly acidic. Under the action of phenolphthalein indicator, the color of the solution changes from red / pink to colorless. The optical properties of the solution are detected by a spectrometer. When the solution becomes colorless (the original reaction solution is an alkaline mixed solution containing Na2SiO3 and NaOH, and the alkalinity is completely neutralized by CO2 after the reaction is complete, becoming a weakly acidic solution containing NaHCO3, Na2CO3, etc.), close the CO2 gas valve to end the reaction. At this time, the second plate heat exchanger 5 is used for heat exchange, otherwise CO2 gas is continuously passed into the reaction box 3 until the reaction is complete.

[0050] like Figure 4 As shown, based on the above chemical reaction process and reaction progress judgment basis, the method for realizing high-temperature quartz dust fume treatment and waste heat recovery of the present invention is:

[0051] S1: After the high liquid level measuring sensor in the liquid collection area 13 detects that the liquid level is lower than the set height, the red NaOH solution with phenolphthalein indicator is sprayed into the spray tower 1 through the spray device 121 until the liquid level in the liquid collection area 13 reaches the height set by the high level detector;

[0052] S2: The high-temperature quartz dust flue gas enters the spraying area 12 through the first air inlet 122. If the high-temperature flue gas is introduced when the NaOH red solution is not sprayed, the high-temperature flue gas will directly gather in the voltage stabilizing area 11. If the high-temperature flue gas is introduced when the NaOH red solution is sprayed, the high-temperature flue gas will vaporize and produce a large amount of water vapor after contacting with the normal-temperature liquid. The high-temperature exhaust gas rises and gathers in the voltage stabilizing area 11 after the water vapor content is initially reduced by the demister plate 113; when the pressure sensor in the voltage stabilizing area 11 detects that the pressure reaches the first set value, the pressure valve 23 is opened, and the flue gas passes through the first air outlet 111 to the first plate heat exchanger 2 to complete heat exchange with the cooling water;

[0053] The insoluble particles and SiO2 particles in the flue gas are blocked by the filter plate 131, and gather at the filter plate 131, further blocking the filter plate 131, which will cause a pressure difference between the front and the back. When the pressure difference sensor detects that the pressure in the spray area 12 is greater than the pressure in the liquid collection area 13, the red NaOH solution with phenolphthalein indicator continues to be sprayed into the spray tower 1 through the spray device 121 until the liquid level in the liquid collection area 13 reaches the height set by the high-level detector (if the liquid level reaches the set high-level liquid surface and the pressure difference sensor still detects the pressure difference, the drain port 133 in the lower part of the liquid collection area 13 is opened to drain the liquid to ensure the normal operation of the equipment);

[0054] S3: using mathematical regression analysis to determine the completeness of the reaction between SiO2 particles and NaOH solution. If the SiO2 particles are completely dissolved, the reaction product of SiO2 particles and NaOH solution, Na2SiO3 aqueous solution (Na2SiO3, NaOH and phenolphthalein solution), is introduced into reaction box 3;

[0055] S4: When the high liquid level measuring sensor in the reaction box 3 measures that the Na2SiO3 aqueous solution (Na2SiO3, NaOH and phenolphthalein solution) entering the reaction box 3 has reached a high liquid level, CO2 gas is introduced to perform a chemical carbon fixation reaction; when the solution becomes colorless, the reaction is terminated and the introduction of the solution or gas is stopped;

[0056] S5: passing the solution after the chemical carbon fixation reaction into the second plate heat exchanger 5 for heat exchange.

Claims

1. A high-temperature quartz dust flue gas treatment and waste heat recovery device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a spray tower (1) for carrying out an alkali leaching and dissolving reaction on high-temperature quartz dust fume, and a reaction box (3) connected to the spray tower (1) for carrying out a chemical carbon fixation reaction on the solution after the alkali leaching and dissolving reaction; wherein the high-temperature steam generated by the alkali leaching and dissolving reaction in the spray tower (1) is passed to a first plate heat exchanger (2) for waste heat recovery, and the solution generated by the chemical carbon fixation reaction in the reaction box (3) is passed to a second plate heat exchanger (5) for waste heat recovery.

2. The high-temperature quartz dust fume treatment and waste heat recovery device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The space inside the spray tower (1) is divided from top to bottom into a pressure stabilizing zone (11), a spray zone (12) and a liquid collection zone (13); the pressure stabilizing zone (11) is in communication with the first plate heat exchanger (2) and is provided with a pressure relief port (112); the spray zone (12) is provided with a spray device (121) and a first air inlet (122) for introducing high-temperature quartz dust fume; the liquid collection zone (13) is in communication with the reaction box (3) and is provided with a temperature sensor, a low liquid level measurement sensor, and a high liquid level measurement sensor.

3. The high-temperature quartz dust fume treatment and waste heat recovery device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A demisting plate (113) is provided between the pressure stabilizing area (11) and the spraying area (12), and a filter plate (131) and a pressure difference sensor are provided between the liquid collecting area (13) and the spraying area (12).

4. The high-temperature quartz dust fume treatment and waste heat recovery device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The reaction box (3) comprises a first liquid inlet connected to the spray tower (1), a third air inlet (31) for introducing external CO2, a third air outlet for discharging excess CO2 gas, a second liquid outlet (32) located at the top and connected to the second plate heat exchanger (5), a second liquid discharge port located at the bottom and used to discharge the reaction solution in the reaction box (3), a low liquid level measurement sensor, and a high liquid level measurement sensor.

5. The high-temperature quartz dust fume treatment and waste heat recovery device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first plate heat exchanger (2) is a flue gas-water plate heat exchanger, and the second plate heat exchanger (5) is a water-water plate heat exchanger. Hot water after heat exchange in the first plate heat exchanger (2) and the second plate heat exchanger (5) is collected in a water collector (6).

6. A method for treating high-temperature quartz dust flue gas and recovering waste heat based on the device of claim 1, characterized in that: include: A NaOH solution containing a phenolphthalein indicator is sprayed in a spray tower (1), and high-temperature quartz dust fume is introduced to carry out an alkaline leaching and dissolution reaction between SiO2 particles and the NaOH solution, and the steam generated in the reaction is passed to a first plate heat exchanger (2) for waste heat recovery; The completeness of the reaction between SiO2 particles and NaOH solution is determined by mathematical regression analysis. If the SiO2 particles are completely dissolved, the solution after the alkaline leaching and dissolution reaction is passed into a reaction box (3) for chemical carbon fixation reaction. The progress of the reaction is determined based on the color change of the solution during the chemical carbon fixation reaction. When the reaction is completed, the solution after the chemical carbon fixation reaction in the reaction box (3) is passed to the second plate heat exchanger (5) for waste heat recovery.

7. The high-temperature quartz dust fume treatment and waste heat recovery method according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The alkaline leaching and dissolution reaction formula of the SiO2 particles and NaOH solution is: SiO2+2NaOH=Na2SiO3+H2O; the solution after the alkaline leaching and dissolution reaction includes Na2SiO3, NaOH and phenolphthalein solution; the chemical carbon fixation reaction formula is: Na2SiO3+2H20+2CO2=2NaHCO3+H2SiO3, 2NaOH+CO2=Na2CO3+H2O.

8. The high-temperature quartz dust fume treatment and waste heat recovery method according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The method for judging the reaction completion degree of SiO2 particles and NaOH solution by using the mathematical regression analysis method is as follows: collect the reaction temperature T and reaction time t, and use the reaction mathematical regression formula: 1 - (1 - α) 1 / 3 = κ a ×t, calculate the dissolution rate of SiO2 and output α1. At the same time, use a spectral analyzer to output the dissolution rate α2 according to the change of the color characteristics of the reaction solution. If |α1 - α2| < 0.1, it is determined that the SiO2 particles are completely dissolved; otherwise, continue to spray NaOH solution with phenolphthalein indicator.

9. The high-temperature quartz dust fume treatment and waste heat recovery method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The spectrum analyzer outputting the dissolution rate α2 according to the change of the color characteristic of the reaction solution means that the spectrum analyzer outputs the dissolution rate α2 when the reaction solution changes from red to colorless.

10. The high-temperature quartz dust fume treatment and waste heat recovery method according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the color of the solution turns colorless during the chemical carbon fixation reaction, the reaction is finished; otherwise, CO2 gas is continuously introduced into the reaction box (3).

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