Fabricated cover plate in strong wind area and construction method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an assembly type cover plate for strong wind areas. The assembly type cover plate comprises a pedestal, a bottom die, an anchorage and a comb plate. Wherein the bottom die is transversely arranged in the middle of the pedestal, the anchorage is a steel cylinder protruding out of the upper surface of the pedestal, the surface of the pedestal is sunken downwards to form a plurality of preformed holes, the preformed holes surround the periphery of the bottom die, the comb plate is arranged on the pedestal, the head of the comb plate is of a long-strip-shaped comb-tooth-shaped structure, and the top of the comb plate is of a long-strip-shaped comb-tooth-shaped structure. A plurality of hollow box-shaped structures are arranged on the tail portion at intervals, the top of the anchorage can be sleeved with the hollow box-shaped tail portion of the comb plate in a matched mode, and the comb plate can move towards the center line of the pedestal along the anchorage or move towards the outer side of the pedestal. A complete set of prefabricated auxiliary facility composed of the comb plate, the anchor, the preformed hole, the suspension frame and the like is adopted, synergistic design is reasonably conducted on key procedures such as cushion block laying, reinforcing steel bar binding and concrete pouring, station gantry crane equipment is omitted by reducing the number of times of hoisting operation, the operation process and operation are convenient, and the construction efficiency is improved. The prefabricated work efficiency of the fabricated slab culvert in the window period is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of assembled cover plates, and more specifically to an assembled cover plate for areas with strong winds and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, prefabricated buildings have been widely used in the construction industry for their convenience and efficiency. The use of prefabricated structures can effectively improve the efficiency of on-site operations and reduce the amount of on-site resources occupied, which is more beneficial for the progress control of the construction site. But on the other hand, larger and heavier prefabricated components also increase the requirements for prefabrication sites, especially under adverse climatic conditions. The lifting operations of large components are affected by strong winds, rain and other weather conditions. In the prefabrication construction link, it is often necessary to optimize construction measures to improve the efficiency of parts during the window period. For projects located in Hami, Xinjiang and other northwestern areas with strong winds, the climate of the prefabricated cover culvert prefabrication site is dry and sparsely vegetated. There are many disasters such as wind and sand caused by strong winds on site, which greatly reduces the efficiency of prefabrication. In the past prefabrication construction, the steel frame was often tied with the tire frame method and then hoisted to the pedestal as a whole. After assembling the formwork, the concrete was poured to form it. After the formwork was removed and maintained, it was hoisted to the storage area. The process involved two hoisting operations: the steel frame and the components. The hoisting operation was not allowed in windy weather above level 5, which greatly restricted the effective advancement of the prefabrication process. At the same time, the anti-overturning requirements were high after the gantry crane was installed in the station, which increased the construction and operation costs of the station. To solve such problems, some projects designed mobile tire frames (CN210025766U, CN206000181U) for segmental beams and prestressed small box beam structures to directly tie the steel bars on the pedestal, reducing the number of hoisting times and the number of equipment. However, there is no design for prefabricated cover culverts. At the same time, the mobile tire frame is prone to storage problems such as blowing away and overturning in strong wind weather, and the installation accuracy control is difficult. The construction stability under strong wind disturbance is still slightly insufficient.

[0003] In summary, in view of the problems of short window period and frequent strong wind disturbances in the prefabrication construction of prefabricated cover culverts affected by strong wind climate, it is urgent to study and design a safe, stable, economical, practical, efficient and convenient rapid construction method. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to achieve these purposes and other advantages according to the present invention, on the one hand, a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a prefabricated cover plate for strong wind areas, comprising: a pedestal, a bottom mold, an anchor and a comb plate; Among them, the bottom mold is horizontally arranged in the middle of the pedestal, the anchor is a steel cylinder protruding from the upper surface of the pedestal, the surface of the pedestal is recessed downward to form a plurality of reserved holes, the reserved holes surround the bottom mold, the comb plate is arranged on the pedestal, the head of the comb plate is a long strip of comb-like structure, and the tail is provided with a plurality of hollow box-like structures at intervals, the top of the anchor can fit into the hollow box-shaped tail of the comb plate, and the comb plate can move along the anchor toward the center line of the pedestal or toward the outside of the pedestal.

[0005] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it also includes a suspension frame, which is a steel structure hanger with a hook at the tail, and the stirrups are clamped in the hook at the tail of the suspension frame. A through hole is set at the bottom of the lower end of the head of the suspension frame to allow the top layer of horizontal reinforcement to pass through. A one-way valve is set at the bottom of the through hole, and the stirrups are clamped in along the comb teeth of the comb plate and fixed with wire.

[0006] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it further comprises concrete pads, a plurality of concrete pads are strung together by long tie wires and arranged at equal distances, and the concrete pads are arranged on the surface of the bottom mold.

[0007] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it also includes bottom layer horizontal bars and bottom layer reinforcing bars, and the bottom layer horizontal bars and bottom layer reinforcing bars are inserted into the stirrups.

[0008] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the comb plate moves toward the center line of the pedestal and tightens, the teeth of the comb plate are flush with the edge line of the bottom mold; when the comb plate moves toward the outside of the pedestal and loosens, the teeth of the comb plate move to a certain distance outside the reserved hole.

[0009] On the other hand, a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a method for constructing an assembled cover plate in a strong wind region, comprising the following steps: S1. The bottom mold is horizontally arranged in the middle of the pedestal, and the comb plate is arranged on the pedestal; S2. Lay concrete pads on the surface of the bottom formwork, string together multiple concrete pads with long tie wires, insert stirrups along the comb teeth of the comb plate, and fix them with tie wires; S3. Insert the bottom horizontal reinforcement and bottom reinforcing reinforcement into the stirrups and tie them up, and then tie the intersection of the stirrups and the vertical and horizontal reinforcement and the concrete pads firmly; S4. Hang the suspension frame on the top of the stirrup and temporarily fix it, insert the top horizontal reinforcement into the perforation of the suspension frame and temporarily fix it, and then tie the top reinforcement intersection of the top horizontal reinforcement and the concrete pad firmly; S5. Install concrete pads on the side of the pedestal and seal the formwork. Move the comb plate laterally outward toward the pedestal to loosen the binding of the side concrete pads. Then insert the main ribs of the formwork into the reserved holes on both sides and ends of the concrete pads to fix the formwork. After the formwork installation inspection is qualified, the building concrete is formed, and after qualified formwork maintenance, it is formed. After passing the inspection, it is transported to the site by mobile lifting equipment using the designed lifting points for standby use.

[0010] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the following steps are also included: S6. If strong winds are encountered during construction, use the anchor as a fastening point to fix the wire rope, and fix the tarpaulin on the wire rope to protect the pedestal.

[0011] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the buried depth of the anchor needs to be determined based on wind resistance calculation to ensure sufficient wind resistance.

[0012] The present invention includes at least the following beneficial effects: the present invention adopts a set of prefabricated auxiliary facilities composed of comb plates, anchors, reserved holes and suspension frames, and reasonably carries out efficiency-enhancing design for key processes such as pad laying, steel bar binding, and concrete pouring. By reducing the number of lifting operations, eliminating station gantry crane equipment, and facilitating operation procedures and operations, the prefabrication efficiency of prefabricated cover culverts during the window period is improved. At the same time, the integrated design is used to greatly improve the stability and sensitivity in dealing with strong wind weather, thereby achieving the effects of safety, stability, economy, practicality, efficiency and convenience.

[0013] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be embodied in part through the following description, and in part will be understood by those skilled in the art through study and practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic elevation view of a pedestal in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 It is a plan view of a pedestal in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 3 It is a schematic elevation view of a suspension frame in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 4 It is a schematic plan view of a suspension frame in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a string of concrete pads in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of laying concrete pads in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of stirrup installation in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the bottom horizontal ribs in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Fig. 9 This is a schematic elevation diagram of the bottom layer binding of the steel frame in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the top horizontal ribs in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Fig.11 It is a schematic elevation diagram of the installation and forming of a steel bar skeleton in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Fig.12 This is a schematic elevation diagram of the installation of the cover template in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Fig.13 It is a schematic elevation diagram of the casting molding of the cover plate in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Fig.14 Schematic diagram of wind protection measures in one embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention with reference to the description.

[0029] The following description is used to disclose the present invention so that those skilled in the art can implement the present invention. The preferred embodiments described below are only examples, and those skilled in the art can think of other obvious variations. The basic principles of the present invention defined in the following description can be applied to other embodiments, variations, improvements, equivalents, and other technical solutions that do not deviate from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

[0030] Those skilled in the art should understand that, in the disclosure of the present invention, the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, the above terms should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0031] It is to be understood that the term "one" should be understood as "at least one" or "one or more", that is, in one embodiment, the number of an element may be one, while in another embodiment, the number of the element may be multiple, and the term "one" should not be understood as a limitation on the quantity.

[0032] like Figure 1-14 As shown, a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a prefabricated cover plate for strong wind areas, comprising: a pedestal 9, a bottom mold 14, an anchor 11 and a comb plate 10; Among them, the bottom mold 14 is horizontally arranged in the middle of the pedestal 9, the anchor 11 is a steel cylinder protruding from the upper surface of the pedestal 9, the surface of the pedestal 9 is recessed downward to form a plurality of reserved holes 13, the reserved holes 13 surround the bottom mold 14, and the comb plate 10 is arranged on the pedestal 9. The head of the comb plate 10 is a long comb-like structure, and a plurality of hollow box-like structures are arranged at intervals at the tail. The top of the anchor 11 can fit into the hollow box-shaped tail of the comb plate 10, and the comb plate 10 can move along the anchor 11 toward the center line of the pedestal 9 or toward the outside of the pedestal 9.

[0033] In the above technical solution, the box-shaped structure width of the comb plate 10 is consistent with the diameter of the anchor 11, which can cause the comb plate 10 to move laterally along the pedestal 9 to form tightened and loosened states. When the comb plate 10 moves toward the center line of the pedestal 9 to tighten, the comb teeth of the comb plate 10 are flush with the edge line of the bottom mold 14, which is used to control the edge line of the later steel bar installation; when the comb plate 10 moves toward the outside of the pedestal 9 to loosen, the comb teeth of the comb plate 10 move to a certain distance outside the reserved hole 13, leaving space for template installation and playing a certain role in limiting the template.

[0034] The pedestal 9 is cast by reinforced concrete, and its thickness is calculated and determined according to the bearing capacity requirements of the prefabricated components. The cross-sectional dimensions are controlled to be no less than 10 cm on each side of the cover cross-sectional dimensions to ensure that the reserved holes 13, anchors 11, and comb plates 10 have sufficient construction space. Both ends of the pedestal 9 are marked with paint according to the spacing of the prefabricated component steel bars.

[0035] The bottom mold 14 is made of steel template, and the cross-sectional size is basically the same as the cross-sectional size of the cover plate. When installed, the center of the bottom mold 14 coincides with the center of the pedestal 9. The surface of the bottom mold 14 is coated with a release agent.

[0036] In another preferred embodiment, a suspension frame is further included. The suspension frame 16 is a steel structure hanger with a hook at the tail. The stirrup 6 is clamped in the hook at the tail of the suspension frame 16. A perforation is set at the bottom of the lower end of the head of the suspension frame 16 for the top horizontal reinforcement 5 to penetrate. A one-way valve 17 is set at the bottom of the perforation, and the stirrup 6 is clamped along the comb teeth of the comb plate 10 and fixed with a wire. There are multiple perforations, and they are arranged according to the designed spacing. The diameter of the perforation of the suspension frame 16 is slightly larger than the diameter of the top horizontal reinforcement 5, so that the top horizontal reinforcement 5 can be easily inserted.

[0037] In another preferred embodiment, it further comprises concrete pads 7 , a plurality of concrete pads 7 are strung together by long tie wires 8 and arranged at equal distances, and the concrete pads 7 are arranged on the surface of the bottom mold 14 .

[0038] In another preferred embodiment, it further comprises a bottom layer of horizontal ribs 3 and a bottom layer of reinforcing ribs 4 , wherein the bottom layer of horizontal ribs 3 and the bottom layer of reinforcing ribs 4 are inserted into the stirrups 6 .

[0039] A preferred embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for constructing an assembled cover plate in a strong wind area, comprising the following steps: S1, the bottom mold 14 is horizontally arranged in the middle of the pedestal 9, and the comb plate 10 is arranged on the pedestal 9, S2, laying concrete pads 7 on the surface of the bottom mold 14, and stringing multiple concrete pads together with long tie wires 8, inserting stirrups 6 along the comb teeth of the comb plate 10, and fixing them with tie wires; S3, insert the bottom horizontal reinforcement 3 and the bottom reinforcement 4 into the stirrup 6 and tie them together, and then tie the intersection of the stirrup 6 and the vertical and horizontal reinforcement of the stratum and the concrete pad 7 firmly; S4, hang the suspension frame 16 on the top of the stirrup 6 and temporarily fix it, insert the top horizontal reinforcement 5 into the perforation of the suspension frame 16 and temporarily fix it, and then tie the top reinforcement intersection of the top horizontal reinforcement 5 and the concrete pad 7 firmly; S5. Install concrete pads 7 on the side of the pedestal 9 and seal the mold. Move the comb plate 10 laterally outward toward the pedestal 9 to loosen the binding of the side concrete pads 7. Then insert the main ribs of the template 18 into the reserved holes on both sides and the ends of the concrete pads to fix the template. At the same time, the comb plate 10 plays a certain limiting role. After the template 18 is installed and inspected to be qualified, the building concrete is formed, and after the mold is removed and maintained, it is formed. After passing the inspection, it is transported to the site by mobile lifting equipment using the designed lifting points for standby use.

[0040] S6. If strong winds are encountered during the construction process, the anchor 11 is used as a fastening point to fix the steel wire rope 19, and the tarpaulin is fixed on the steel wire rope to protect the pedestal 9.

[0041] The buried depth of the anchor 11 needs to be determined based on wind resistance calculation to ensure sufficient wind resistance.

[0042] The position of the reserved hole 13 and the moving distance of the comb plate 10 are determined according to the thickness of the customized template 18 .

[0043] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and the implementation modes, and they can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those familiar with the art, additional modifications can be easily implemented. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the scope of equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and the illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. An assembled cover for strong wind areas, characterized in that: include: Base, base mould, anchor and comb plate; Among them, the bottom mold is horizontally arranged in the middle of the pedestal, the anchor is a steel cylinder protruding from the upper surface of the pedestal, the surface of the pedestal is recessed downward to form a plurality of reserved holes, the reserved holes surround the bottom mold, the comb plate is arranged on the pedestal, the head of the comb plate is a long strip of comb-like structure, and the tail is provided with a plurality of hollow box-like structures at intervals, the top of the anchor can fit into the hollow box-shaped tail of the comb plate, and the comb plate can move along the anchor toward the center line of the pedestal or toward the outside of the pedestal.

2. The assembled cover plate for strong wind areas according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes a suspension frame, which is a steel structure hanger with a hook at the tail. The stirrups are clamped in the hook at the tail of the suspension frame. A through hole is set at the bottom of the lower end of the head of the suspension frame to allow the top layer of horizontal reinforcement to pass through. A one-way valve is set at the bottom of the through hole, and the stirrups are clamped in along the comb teeth of the comb plate and fixed with wire.

3. The assembled cover plate for strong wind areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes concrete pads, a plurality of which are strung together by long tying wires and arranged at equal distances, and the concrete pads are arranged on the surface of the bottom mold.

4. The assembled cover plate for strong wind areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes bottom layer horizontal bars and bottom layer reinforcing bars, and the bottom layer horizontal bars and bottom layer reinforcing bars are inserted into the stirrups.

5. The assembled cover plate for strong wind areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the comb plate moves toward the center line of the pedestal and tightens, the teeth of the comb plate are flush with the edge line of the bottom mold; when the comb plate moves toward the outside of the pedestal and loosens, the teeth of the comb plate move to a certain distance outside the reserved hole.

6. The construction method of the assembled cover plate in strong wind areas according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. The bottom mold is horizontally arranged in the middle of the pedestal, and the comb plate is arranged on the pedestal; S2. Lay concrete pads on the surface of the bottom formwork, string together multiple concrete pads with long tie wires, insert stirrups along the comb teeth of the comb plate, and fix them with tie wires; S3. Insert the bottom horizontal reinforcement and bottom reinforcing reinforcement into the stirrups and tie them up, and then tie the intersection of the stirrups and the vertical and horizontal reinforcement and the concrete pads firmly; S4. Hang the suspension frame on the top of the stirrup and temporarily fix it, insert the top horizontal reinforcement into the perforation of the suspension frame and temporarily fix it, and then tie the top reinforcement intersection of the top horizontal reinforcement and the concrete pad firmly; S5. Install concrete pads on the side of the pedestal and seal the formwork. Move the comb plate laterally outward toward the pedestal to loosen the binding of the side concrete pads. Then insert the main ribs of the formwork into the reserved holes on both sides and ends of the concrete pads to fix the formwork. After the formwork installation inspection is qualified, the building concrete is formed, and after qualified formwork maintenance, it is formed. After passing the inspection, it is transported to the site by mobile lifting equipment using the designed lifting points for standby use.

7. The construction method of the assembled cover plate in strong wind areas according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The following steps are also included: S6. If strong winds are encountered during construction, use the anchor as a fastening point to fix the wire rope, and fix the tarpaulin on the wire rope to protect the pedestal.

8. The assembled cover plate for strong wind areas according to claim 7, characterized in that: The buried depth of the anchor needs to be determined based on wind resistance calculation to ensure sufficient wind resistance.

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