Method for enriching platinum in waste aluminum-based catalyst by using steel slag and red mud
By mixing steel residue, red mud and scrap aluminum catalysts, carbon thermal reduction and melting at high temperature, combined with microwave treatment and acid immersion treatment, solve the problem of low utilization rate of steel residue and red mud Platinum's high -efficiency enrichment and maximum use of resources.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411543036.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-31
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-28
AI Technical Summary
The low utilization rate of steel slag and red mud leads to serious waste of iron resources, and there are problems of large flux consumption and high cost in the resource utilization of the metallurgical industry.
By mixing steel residue, red mud and scrap aluminum catalysts, carbon thermal reduction and melting at high temperature, combined with microwave treatment and acid immersion treatment, forming PT-Fe enrichment and iron-containing molten dregs to achieve platinum efficient and richness set.
It improves the enrichment rate of platinum, reduces costs, reduces the consumption of fuse, avoids waste of resources and environmental pollution, and realizes the resource utilization of steel residue, red mud, and waste aluminum catalysts.
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Figure CN119372458A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to a method for enriching platinum in waste aluminum-based catalysts by using steel slag and red mud, and belongs to the field of resource utilization of metallurgical solid wastes. Background Art
[0002] As an important basic industry of the national economy, the metallurgical industry has made important contributions to the economy and society, but it has also produced a large amount of solid waste (such as steel slag, red mud, waste catalysts, etc.). If these solid wastes cannot be effectively utilized, they will not only seriously pollute the environment, but also cause waste of resources. In order to practice the environmental protection concept of sustainable development, the treatment and resource utilization of metallurgical solid waste resources has become an inevitable trend.
[0003] At present, the enrichment of platinum from waste aluminum-based catalysts is mainly carried out through two methods: pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy. Hydrometallurgy is based on the dissolution of platinum from waste materials or the dissolution of carriers containing platinum, and uses a mixture of acid and oxidant, cyanide and various additives to achieve platinum enrichment. The hydrometallurgy process has the advantages of low investment cost, short production cycle and relatively simple technology, but the hydrometallurgy will produce a large amount of harmful solid and liquid waste, long processing time and small processing volume, which hinders its industrialization. Pyrometallurgy is based on the addition of flux (CaO, MgO, Na2B4O7, Na2CO3) and enrichment agent (Fe, Pb, Cu, Bi and base metal sulfides, etc.) under high temperature conditions to reduce the temperature and viscosity of the slag, and then separate and enrich platinum from the carrier. Pyrometallurgy is often concerned because of its large processing volume, wide range of applications, high enrichment rate of platinum group metals, low investment and no wastewater discharge during the treatment process. However, its large flux consumption and easy generation of a large amount of solid waste are still a problem worth pondering.
[0004] Steel slag usually refers to the steel tailings that are difficult to use after about 10-15% of the iron components with economic value are recovered through the hot slag cooling, crushing, and magnetic separation process, and the remaining 85% is difficult to use. This seriously wastes iron resources. Data show that steel slag, as a solid waste from steel production, is produced in an annual amount of more than 400 million tons. It contains free calcium and magnesium oxides and has low gelling activity, which will cause problems such as cracking and bulging due to water expansion during utilization, making it difficult to promote in the construction industry. In order to make better use of steel slag, it is usually added to cement by double or triple mixing steel slag with fly ash, coal gangue or slag, but the actual amount of steel slag in cement is still less than 10%. Therefore, while steel slag cannot be effectively utilized as a resource, it is often sold at a very low price or directly dumped.
[0005] Red mud, also known as bauxite slag, is an industrial waste produced from the production of alumina using bauxite. It is rich in iron oxide and alumina, but most of it is non-magnetic iron, which is difficult to directly utilize by magnetic separation. Generally, about 1.5 tons of red mud will be discharged for every ton of alumina produced. In 2023, my country's red mud production will be 106 million tons, and the utilization will exceed 10 million tons, but the utilization rate is still low, at 9.8%. The global annual increase in red mud is nearly 200 million tons, which is huge, but the green utilization rate of red mud is less than 10%. The annual emission of red mud is very large, occupying more land, and consuming more yard construction and maintenance costs. In addition, red mud contains heavy metal elements such as Cr, Cd, Mn, Pb or As and high alkalinity (pH 9.7-12.8), which will cause pollution to the environment and water bodies after infiltrating into the surrounding water bodies. In silicate cement, due to the free Na + The large amount of Ca in silicate cement 2+ Replacement, exacerbated Na + The dissolution and alkali return of red mud make red mud building materials widely have alkali return and anti-frost problems, which makes it impossible to mix a large amount of red mud into the products. In addition, it is still difficult to use a large amount of red mud in ordinary cement concrete, mainly because the free Na in red mud + It will react with SiO2 in the aggregate to generate hydrated gel, causing volume expansion, structural damage, cracking and other problems. Although red mud can be used as a roadbed material in road engineering, its low added value and the limited number of road engineering projects restrict the application of this technology. If red mud is not properly handled, it will inevitably cause resource waste and environmental pollution, directly or indirectly affecting people's lives.
[0006] In summary, although steel slag and red mud are typical metallurgical slags and have been used in cement, concrete, road engineering and other fields, their utilization rates are still low (steel slag utilization rate is less than 30%. Red mud utilization rate is less than 10%). Due to the presence of harmful components, low gelling activity, large fluctuations in components, and limited product markets, it is difficult to use them in large quantities in cement, concrete and other fields. Therefore, it is urgent to promote the coordinated disposal of bulk metallurgical solid wastes and maximize resource utilization as much as possible. The complementary characteristics of steel slag, red mud and other raw materials can be used to collaboratively solve the problems of high flux consumption, low utilization of steel slag iron resources, and high cost of red mud iron extraction in the process of smelting and enrichment of waste aluminum-based catalysts. Summary of the invention
[0007] In order to solve the problems of low utilization rate of steel slag and red mud, serious waste of iron resources, and difficulty in utilizing steel slag and red mud, the present invention provides a method for enriching platinum in waste aluminum-based catalysts using steel slag and red mud, while solving the problems of large flux consumption and high cost in the process of pyrometallurgical smelting and enriching platinum from waste aluminum-based catalysts, thereby achieving "using waste to increase efficiency and reducing costs".
[0008] The specific technical solution steps are as follows:
[0009] (1) Steel slag, red mud, and waste aluminum-based catalyst are mixed, crushed, dried, and ball-milled, and then mixed with an enrichment agent, a flux, and a reducing agent in a certain proportion and uniformly mixed, and poured into a smelting crucible for smelting. After the smelting is completed, Pt-Fe enriched material and iron-containing smelting slag can be obtained after cooling and settling.
[0010] (2) The Pt-Fe enriched material obtained in step (1) is pretreated and decarbonized in a microwave high temperature reactor to obtain a decarbonized Pt-Fe enriched material.
[0011] (3) The decarbonized Pt-Fe enriched product obtained in step (2) is subjected to acid leaching to obtain a Pt-containing enriched product and a leachate, and the leachate is evaporated, cooled and crystallized to form ferrous sulfate.
[0012] (4) The iron-containing smelting slag obtained in step (1) is crushed and ball-milled into powder, and the platinum and iron in the smelting slag are further enriched by magnetic separation, and the smelting slag can be returned to the smelting and enrichment process.
[0013] Preferably, in step (1), the mass ratio of the waste aluminum-based catalyst, steel slag and red mud is 2:2:3 to 2:5:3.
[0014] Preferably, in step (1), the amount of enrichment agent added is 1 to 2 times the weight of the waste aluminum-based catalyst, the amount of reducing agent used is 50% of the mass of the waste aluminum-based catalyst, and the amount of flux added is 1 to 2 times the weight of the waste aluminum-based catalyst; the enrichment agent is ferrous sulfate or iron powder; the reducing agent is carbon powder or coke; the flux is anhydrous borax or borax decahydrate.
[0015] Preferably, in step (1), the smelting temperature is 1400° C. to 1450° C., and the smelting time is 30 to 60 min.
[0016] Preferably, the temperature of the pretreatment decarburization in step (2) is 400° C. to 800° C., and the pretreatment time is 20 to 60 minutes.
[0017] Preferably, the acid used for acid leaching in step (3) is sulfuric acid, the mass concentration of sulfuric acid is 30% to 40%, the acid leaching temperature is 60 to 80° C., the liquid-solid ratio of sulfuric acid to decarbonized Pt-Fe enriched product is 6:1 to 8:1, the unit is g:ml, and the acid leaching time is 30 to 60 min.
[0018] Beneficial Effects of the Invention
[0019] (1) The steel slag contains a considerable amount of Fe2O3, SiO2, and CaO, which complement the Al2O3, Fe2O3, and SiO2 in the red mud to form a Fe2O3-SiO2-Al2O3-CaO slag system. With the help of the flux borax, a low-melting-point and low-viscosity smelting system of Fe2O3-SiO2-Al2O3-CaO-Na2B4O7 can be formed, thereby improving the enrichment rate of platinum during the smelting process.
[0020] (2) At high temperatures, Fe2O3 in steel slag and red mud can be reduced to magnetic elemental iron or ferroferric oxide through carbon thermal reduction. Part of it enters the smelting slag to improve the utilization value of the smelting slag, and part of it forms a solid solution with Pt, thereby efficiently enriching platinum.
[0021] (3) Compared with adding pure flux to slag smelting to enrich platinum, the coordinated treatment of steel slag, red mud and waste catalyst reduces the generation of smelting slag from the source, avoids the problem of large flux consumption, and avoids waste of resources and environmental pollution.
[0022] (4) Microwave pretreatment combined with acid leaching to treat the Pt-Fe enriched product formed by carbon thermal reduction smelting enrichment avoids the problems of large acid consumption and large amount of waste liquid, and provides an effective way for the subsequent purification and enrichment of Pt. The ferrous sulfate formed by the concentrated cooling and crystallization of the leachate can be recycled.
[0023] (5) The present invention has discovered a new use of steel slag and red mud, thereby realizing the resource utilization of steel slag, red mud and waste aluminum-based catalysts. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0024] Figure 1 It is a process flow chart of the present invention.
[0025] Figure 2 This is the X-ray diffraction pattern of the Pt-Fe enriched material obtained in Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0026] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and through specific implementation methods. However, the following embodiments are only simple examples of the present invention and do not represent or limit the scope of protection of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the claims.
[0027] Example 1
[0028] A method for enriching platinum in waste aluminum-based catalysts using steel slag and red mud, the process flow is as follows: Figure 1 The specific steps are as follows:
[0029] (1) Waste aluminum-based catalyst, steel slag, and red mud are mixed in a mass ratio of 2:2:3, and then anhydrous borax, carbon powder, and ferrous sulfate are added, mixed evenly, and poured into a smelting crucible. After smelting at 1400°C for 60 minutes, Pt-Fe enriched material and iron-containing smelting slag can be obtained after cooling and settling. The amount of anhydrous borax added is 2 times the weight of the waste aluminum-based catalyst, the amount of ferrous sulfate added is 2 times the weight of the waste aluminum-based catalyst, and the amount of carbon powder used is 50% of the weight of the waste aluminum-based catalyst. Under this smelting condition, the platinum enrichment rate is 99.52%, and the mass percentage of total Fe in the iron-containing smelting slag is 3.11%.
[0030] (2) The Pt-Fe enriched material obtained in step (1) is subjected to pretreatment decarbonization in a microwave high temperature reactor at 400° C. for 60 minutes to obtain a decarbonized Pt-Fe enriched material.
[0031] (3) A sulfuric acid solution with a mass concentration of 30% is added to the decarbonized Pt-Fe enriched product obtained in step (2), and the liquid-to-solid ratio of sulfuric acid to the decarbonized Pt-Fe enriched product is 6:1, and the unit is g:ml. Acid leaching is carried out at 80°C for 60 minutes to obtain a Pt-containing enriched product and a leachate. The leachate is evaporated, cooled and crystallized to obtain ferrous sulfate. Under this condition, platinum can be further enriched.
[0032] (4) The iron-containing smelting slag obtained in step (1) is crushed and ball-milled into powder, and the platinum-iron mixture in the smelting slag is further enriched by magnetic separation, which can be returned to the smelting process. The smelting slag contains 2.02 g / t of platinum, which can be enriched by about 5 times after magnetic separation, which has certain economic significance.
[0033] The X-ray diffraction pattern of the Pt-Fe enriched product obtained in step (1) is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, from Figure 2 It can be seen that the Pt-Fe-containing enriched material is mainly composed of Fe and Fe3C, indicating that under the action of the reducing agent, the non-magnetic ferric oxide in the steel slag and red mud is transformed into magnetic iron, which is beneficial to the subsequent microwave pretreatment decarburization and the realization of efficient iron removal by acid leaching, which is beneficial to the subsequent purification and enrichment of platinum.
[0034] In this embodiment, almost all of Pt enters the ferroalloy, the Pt enrichment rate shows a good advantage, greater than 99%, and the smelting slag shows good magnetic properties.
[0035] In the present method, the steel slag contains a considerable amount of Fe2O3, SiO2, and CaO, which complement the Al2O3, Fe2O3, and SiO2 in the red mud to form a Fe2O3-SiO2-Al2O3-CaO smelting system. With the aid of the flux borax, a low-melting-point and low-viscosity smelting system of Fe2O3-SiO2-Al2O3-CaO-Na2B4O7 can be formed. Under the conditions of high-temperature carbon thermal reduction smelting, the non-magnetic ferric oxide is fully converted into magnetic iron. The steel slag and red mud synergistically solve the problems of large flux consumption, low utilization rate of steel slag iron resources, and high cost of iron extraction from red mud in the smelting and enrichment process of waste aluminum-based catalysts, and achieve the advantages of high Pt enrichment rate, low cost, low acid usage, and low flux addition, and realize the coordinated disposal and resource recycling of steel slag-red mud-waste aluminum-based catalysts.
[0036] Example 2
[0037] A method for enriching platinum in waste aluminum-based catalysts using steel slag and red mud, the process flow is as follows: Figure 1 The specific steps are as follows:
[0038] (1) Waste aluminum-based catalyst, steel slag, and red mud are mixed in a mass ratio of 2:4:3, anhydrous borax, carbon powder, and iron powder are added, mixed evenly, and poured into a smelting crucible. After smelting for 30 minutes at 1400°C in a smelting furnace, Pt-Fe enriched material and iron-containing smelting slag can be obtained after cooling and settling. The amount of borax added is 1 times the weight of the waste aluminum-based catalyst, the amount of ferrous sulfate added is 2 times the weight of the waste aluminum-based catalyst, and the amount of carbon powder used is 50% of the weight of the waste aluminum-based catalyst. Under this condition, the platinum enrichment rate is 99.61%. The mass percentage of total Fe in the iron-containing smelting slag is 2.99%.
[0039] (2) The Pt-Fe enriched material obtained in step (1) is subjected to pretreatment and decarbonization in a microwave high temperature reactor at 600° C. for 30 minutes to obtain a decarbonized Pt-Fe enriched material.
[0040] (3) A sulfuric acid solution with a mass concentration of 40% is added to the decarbonized Pt-Fe enriched product obtained in step (3), and the liquid-to-solid ratio of sulfuric acid to the decarbonized Pt-Fe enriched product is 6:1. The product is acid-leached at 60° C. for 60 min to obtain a Pt-containing enriched product and a leachate. The leachate is evaporated, cooled, and crystallized to obtain ferrous sulfate. Under this condition, platinum can be further enriched.
[0041] (4) The iron-containing smelting slag obtained in step (1) is crushed and ball-milled into powder, and the platinum-iron mixture in the smelting slag is further enriched by magnetic separation, and can be returned to the smelting process. After magnetic separation, the platinum in the magnetic slag is enriched from 1.36 g / t to 7.40 g / t, which has a certain economic value.
[0042] Example 3
[0043] A method for enriching platinum in waste aluminum-based catalysts using steel slag and red mud, the process flow is as follows: Figure 1 The specific steps are as follows:
[0044] (1) Waste aluminum-based catalyst, steel slag, and red mud are mixed in a mass ratio of 2:4:3, anhydrous borax, coke, and ferrous sulfate are added, the mixture is evenly mixed, and the mixture is poured into a smelting crucible. After smelting for 60 minutes at 1400°C in a smelting furnace, Pt-Fe enriched material and iron-containing smelting slag are obtained after cooling and settling. The amount of borax added is 1 times the weight of the waste aluminum-based catalyst, the amount of ferrous sulfate added is 2 times the weight of the waste aluminum-based catalyst, and the amount of carbon powder used is 50% of the weight of the waste aluminum-based catalyst. Under this condition, the platinum enrichment rate is 99.43%. The mass percentage of total Fe in the iron-containing smelting slag is 3.01%.
[0045] (2) The Pt-Fe enriched material obtained in step (1) is subjected to pretreatment and decarbonization in a microwave high temperature reactor at 800° C. for 20 minutes to obtain a decarbonized Pt-Fe enriched material.
[0046] (3) A sulfuric acid solution with a mass concentration of 40% is added to the decarbonized Pt-Fe enriched product obtained in step (3), and the liquid-solid ratio of sulfuric acid to the decarbonized Pt-Fe enriched product is 7:1. The product is acid-leached at 70° C. for 60 minutes to obtain a Pt-containing enriched product and a leachate, and the leachate is evaporated, cooled, and crystallized to obtain ferrous sulfate. Under this condition, platinum can be further enriched.
[0047] (4) The iron-containing smelting slag obtained in step (1) is crushed and ball-milled into powder, and the platinum-iron mixture in the smelting slag is further enriched by magnetic separation, and can be returned to the smelting process. The smelting slag contains 1.9 g / t of platinum, and platinum can be further enriched after magnetic separation, which has certain economic significance.
[0048] Example 4
[0049] A method for enriching platinum in waste aluminum-based catalysts using steel slag and red mud, the process flow is as follows: Figure 1 The specific steps are as follows:
[0050] (1) Waste aluminum-based catalyst, steel slag, and red mud are mixed in a mass ratio of 2:5:3, and then borax decahydrate, carbon powder, and ferrous sulfate are added and mixed evenly, and then poured into a smelting crucible. After smelting at 1400°C for 60 minutes, Pt-Fe enriched material and iron-containing smelting slag can be obtained after cooling and settling. The amount of borax added is 2 times the weight of the waste aluminum-based catalyst, the amount of ferrous sulfate added is 1 times the weight of the waste aluminum-based catalyst, and the amount of carbon powder used is 50% of the weight of the waste aluminum-based catalyst. Under this condition, the platinum enrichment rate is 99.44%. The mass percentage of total Fe in the iron-containing smelting slag is 2.86%.
[0051] (2) The Pt-Fe enriched material obtained in step (1) is subjected to pretreatment decarbonization in a microwave high temperature reactor at 600° C. for 60 minutes to obtain a decarbonized Pt-Fe enriched material.
[0052] (3) A sulfuric acid solution with a mass concentration of 40% is added to the decarbonized Pt-Fe enriched product obtained in step (3), and the liquid-solid ratio of sulfuric acid to the decarbonized Pt-Fe enriched product is 8:1. The product is acid-leached at 80° C. for 40 minutes to obtain a Pt-containing enriched product and a leachate, and the leachate is evaporated, cooled, and crystallized to obtain ferrous sulfate. Under this condition, platinum can be further enriched.
[0053] (4) The iron-containing smelting slag obtained in step (1) is crushed and ball-milled into powder, and the platinum-iron mixture in the smelting slag is further enriched by magnetic separation, and can be returned to the smelting process. The smelting slag contains 1.82 g / t of platinum, and platinum can be further enriched after magnetic separation, which has certain economic significance.
[0054] Comparative Example 1
[0055] As a comparison, the difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that steel slag is not used. The specific steps are as follows: waste aluminum-based catalyst and red mud are mixed in a mass ratio of 2:3, and then borax, carbon powder and ferrous sulfate are added and mixed evenly, and then poured into a smelting crucible, smelting in a smelting furnace at 1400°C for 60 minutes, and after cooling and settling, Pt-Fe enriched products and iron-containing smelting slag can be obtained, wherein the amount of borax added is 2.5 times the weight of the waste aluminum-based catalyst, the amount of ferrous sulfate added is 1 times the weight of the waste aluminum-based catalyst, and the amount of carbon powder used is 50% of the weight of the waste aluminum-based catalyst. Under this condition, the platinum enrichment rate is 87.23%, and the platinum in the smelting slag is 65.02g / t.
[0056] Comparative Example 2
[0057] As a comparison, the difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that red mud is not used. The specific steps are as follows: waste aluminum-based catalyst and steel slag are mixed in a mass ratio of 2:5, and then borax, carbon powder and ferrous sulfate are added and mixed evenly, and then poured into a smelting crucible. After smelting for 60 minutes at 1400°C in a smelting furnace, Pt-Fe enriched products and iron-containing smelting slag can be obtained after cooling and settling, wherein the amount of borax added is 2.5 times the weight of the waste aluminum-based catalyst, the amount of ferrous sulfate added is 1 times the weight of the waste aluminum-based catalyst, and the amount of carbon powder used is 50% of the weight of the waste aluminum-based catalyst. Under this condition, the platinum enrichment rate is 94.13%. The platinum in the smelting slag is 25.41g / t.
[0058] Since the platinum content in the Pt-Fe enriched product in the comparative example is very small and most of the platinum enters the smelting slag, there is no need for subsequent enrichment operation.
[0059] In the comparative example, compared with only adding red mud as a control smelting system to enrich platinum, using steel slag for smelting enrichment of platinum has greater advantages. The reason is that steel slag contains a large amount of free calcium oxide, which can provide free oxygen (O 2- ), after dissociation with [SiO4] 4- The bridging oxygen (O 0 ) reacts to form non-bridging oxygen (O - ), thereby breaking the [Si-O] polymerization network structure, reducing the polymerization degree of the slag, thereby reducing the viscosity of the slag, and promoting the enrichment of platinum. In the implementation case, regulating the proportion of steel slag and red mud can increase the enrichment rate of the smelting process, which can be attributed to the fact that the steel slag and red mud contain a certain amount of iron oxides, which provide an iron source for smelting enrichment. At the same time, the red mud contains a considerable amount of Na2O, which can destroy the structure of the waste aluminum-based catalyst and release the platinum from the carrier. During the carbon thermal reduction smelting process, the contact frequency between iron and platinum is increased, which promotes the aggregation and growth of platinum and iron metal particles, and then settles to the bottom of the furnace, thereby increasing the platinum enrichment rate. It is proved that the co-treatment of waste aluminum-based catalysts with steel slag and red mud is feasible and has certain economic benefits, providing a way to treat steel slag and red mud.
Claims
1. A method for enriching platinum in waste aluminum-based catalysts using steel slag and red mud, characterized in that: After mixing steel slag and red mud with waste aluminum-based catalyst, platinum and iron are enriched. The specific steps are as follows: (1) mixing steel slag, red mud, and waste aluminum-based catalyst, crushing, drying, and ball milling, and then mixing with an enrichment agent, a flux, and a reducing agent in a certain proportion to uniformly mix, and pouring into a smelting crucible for smelting, and after the smelting is completed, cooling and settling, a Pt-Fe enriched product and iron-containing smelting slag can be obtained; (2) pre-treating and decarbonizing the Pt-Fe enriched product obtained in step (1) in a microwave high temperature reactor to obtain a decarbonized Pt-Fe enriched product; (3) subjecting the decarbonized Pt-Fe enriched product obtained in step (2) to acid leaching to obtain a Pt-enriched product and a leachate, wherein the leachate is evaporated, cooled and crystallized to form ferrous sulfate; (4) The iron-containing smelting slag obtained in step (1) is crushed and ball-milled into powder, and the platinum-iron mixture in the smelting slag is further enriched by magnetic separation, and can be returned to the smelting and enrichment process.
2. The method for enriching platinum in waste aluminum-based catalysts using steel slag and red mud according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (1), the mass ratio of the waste catalyst, steel slag and red mud is 2:2:3 to 2:5:
3.
3. The method for enriching platinum in waste aluminum-based catalysts using steel slag and red mud according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (1), the amount of enrichment agent added is 1 to 2 times the weight of the waste aluminum-based catalyst, the amount of reducing agent used is 50% of the mass of the waste aluminum-based catalyst, and the amount of flux added is 1 to 2 times the weight of the waste aluminum-based catalyst; the enrichment agent is ferrous sulfate or iron powder; the reducing agent is carbon powder or coke; the flux is anhydrous borax or borax decahydrate.
4. The method for enriching platinum in waste aluminum-based catalysts using steel slag and red mud according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (1), the smelting temperature is 1400° C. to 1450° C., and the smelting time is 30 to 60 minutes.
5. The method for enriching platinum in waste aluminum-based catalysts using steel slag and red mud according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature of the pretreatment decarburization in step (2) is 400°C to 800°C, and the pretreatment time is 20 to 60 minutes.
6. The method for enriching platinum in waste aluminum-based catalysts using steel slag and red mud according to claim 1, characterized in that: The acid used for acid leaching in step (3) is sulfuric acid, the mass concentration of sulfuric acid is 30% to 40%, the acid leaching temperature is 60 to 80° C., the liquid-solid ratio of sulfuric acid to decarbonized Pt-Fe enriched product is 6:1 to 8:1, the unit is g:ml, and the acid leaching time is 30 to 60 min.
7. The method for enriching platinum in waste aluminum-based catalysts using steel slag and red mud according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waste aluminum-based catalyst is a waste aluminum-based catalyst containing platinum.