Standardization method for blasting of opencast coal mine
Through the standardized open -air coal mine blasting method, including determining the blasting target and environment, setting up alert area, installation and connecting explosives, starting and checking the blasting procedures, the problem of lack of blasting the blasting of open -air coal mines in existing technologies, and improved the entire blasting. Process security.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411581754.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-07
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-28
AI Technical Summary
The existing open-pit coal mine blasting methods are difficult to ensure safety before and after blasting.
Provide a standardized open -air coal mine blasting method, including determining the target location and surrounding environment of blasting, determine the blasting area and alert area based on this information, install explosives and perform blasting networks, start the blasting program, perform a safety inspection after completion and cancel the alert , Clear the explosive.
Through standardized methods, the safety of the blasting process is improved, the danger of the blasting process is reduced, and the safety of the area and items after blasting is ensured, and the potential danger and accidents are avoided.
Smart Images
Figure CN119374432A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The embodiments of the present disclosure belong to the technical field of open-pit coal mine blasting, and specifically relate to a standardized method for open-pit coal mine blasting. Background Art
[0002] Coal mines are one of the important mineral resources and the foundation of social production and development. Coal mining methods can generally be divided into underground coal mines and open-pit coal mines; underground coal mines refer to mining coal by digging tunnels underground; open-pit coal mines refer to coal seams that are very close to the surface and can be directly mined by directly stripping the surface soil layer. Among them, open-pit coal mines have developed well in recent years due to their simple mining methods, low mining costs and good reserve quality.
[0003] Open-pit coal mine blasting is a highly dangerous job, and the existing open-pit coal mine blasting methods are difficult to ensure safety before and after blasting. Summary of the invention
[0004] The embodiments of the present disclosure aim to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art and provide a standardized method for open-pit coal mine blasting.
[0005] The embodiment of the present disclosure provides a standardized method for open-pit coal mine blasting, and the standardized method for open-pit coal mine blasting includes:
[0006] Determine the blasting target location and surrounding environment;
[0007] Determine the blasting area based on the blasting target location and surrounding environment;
[0008] Determine the warning area based on the location of the blasting area;
[0009] Plant explosives and conduct blasting network;
[0010] Start the blasting procedure when the alert is complete, the explosives are installed, and the network is normal;
[0011] Conduct safety inspection upon completion of blasting procedures;
[0012] According to the safety inspection results, it is safe, the alert is lifted, and the explosives are cleared.
[0013] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, determining the blasting target location and surrounding environment specifically includes:
[0014] Determine the geographical location and size of the blasting target;
[0015] Determine the surrounding environment of the blasting target;
[0016] The blasting route is formulated based on the geographical location, size and surrounding environment of the blasting target.
[0017] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, determining the blasting area where the blasting target is located according to the blasting target position and environment specifically includes:
[0018] Determine the blasting area where the blasting target is located based on the geographical location, range, surrounding environment and blasting route of the blasting target.
[0019] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, determining the warning area according to the location of the blasting area specifically includes:
[0020] According to the blasting area, the shallow hole loosening blasting technology is used to determine the minimum warning distance to be greater than or equal to 300 meters;
[0021] According to the deep hole loosening blasting technology used in the blasting area, the minimum warning distance is determined to be greater than or equal to 200 meters.
[0022] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the installation of explosives and blasting networking specifically include:
[0023] Install the corresponding amount of explosives according to the volume of the blasting area;
[0024] Connect to the blasting network and perform network inspection;
[0025] If the network check result is normal, confirm that the network is connected.
[0026] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the step of installing a corresponding amount of explosives according to the volume of the blasting area specifically includes:
[0027] Determine the amount of explosives to be used based on the volume of the blasting area;
[0028] The explosives are packed into the blastholes by a blasthole packing machine.
[0029] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the particle size of the explosive is less than or equal to 40 mm.
[0030] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the safety inspection after blasting specifically includes:
[0031] After a predetermined time has passed since the blasting, enter the blasting area;
[0032] Check whether there are blind shots in the explosion area, the forward extension of the gun pile, the safety of personnel and equipment, flying rocks, accumulation of explosives, rear settlement, and the condition of dangerous rocks and buildings on the surrounding slopes.
[0033] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the step of entering the blasting area after a predetermined time after the blasting specifically includes:
[0034] As there is no blind shot in the blasting area, enter the blasting area 5 minutes after blasting;
[0035] As it was not determined whether there was a blind shot in the blasting area, we entered the blasting area 15 minutes after the blasting.
[0036] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, safety after blasting is determined based on the fact that there are no blind shots in the blasting area, the gun pile has no forward extension, personnel are safe, equipment is safe, flying rocks are safe, the explosive volume is well accumulated, the rear row settlement is good, the surrounding slopes are well dangerous, and the buildings are good.
[0037] According to the standardized method for open-pit coal mine blasting in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the location of the blasting target and the surrounding environment of the blasting target are first determined, the blasting area is determined according to the location of the blasting target and the surrounding environment, and the warning area is determined according to the blasting area to ensure the safety of the blasting process; then the explosives are installed and the blasting network is connected, and based on the completion of the warning, the completion of the installation of the explosives, and the normal networking, it is determined that the blasting can be carried out, and the blasting procedure is started to ensure the success rate and safety of the blasting process; after the basic blasting procedure is completed, a safety inspection is carried out after the blasting, and based on the safety results of the safety inspection, the warning area is lifted, and the explosives are cleared and other cleaning work is carried out. The standardized method for open-pit coal mine blasting disclosed in the present invention determines the warning area according to the blasting area before the blasting procedure begins, and determines that the warning is completed. This process improves the safety of the blasting process and reduces the danger level of the blasting process; after the blasting procedure is completed, a safety inspection is carried out on the explosives and the blasting area after the explosion. After determining that the explosion and the blasting area are all safe, the warning area is lifted and the items after the explosion are cleared to ensure that the explosives after the blasting are not dangerous, avoid the explosives after the blasting to cause harm to the operating personnel or the public, improve the safety of the blasting process, and at the same time ensure the safety of the blasting area after the blasting, and avoid the collapse or collapse of the blasting area after the blasting. By warning the blasting area before the blasting and conducting a safety inspection on the blasting area and explosives after the blasting, the safety before and after the blasting is guaranteed, and the safety of the entire blasting process is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0038] Figure 1 A flow chart of a standardized method for open-pit coal mine blasting according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0039] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The process flow chart of the standardized method of open-pit coal mine blasting is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0040] The exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided in order to enable a more thorough understanding of the present disclosure and to fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art.
[0041] It should be understood that the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific example embodiments and are not intended to be limiting. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "one", "an" and "said" as used herein may also be meant to include plural forms. The terms "include", "comprise", "contain", and "have" are inclusive, and therefore specify the existence of stated features, steps, operations, elements and / or parts, but do not exclude the existence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, parts, and / or combinations thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein are not interpreted as necessarily requiring them to be performed in the specific order described or illustrated, unless the execution order is clearly indicated. It should also be understood that additional or alternative steps may be used.
[0042] Although the terms first, second, third, etc. can be used in the text to describe multiple elements, components, regions, layers and / or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and / or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms can only be used to distinguish an element, component, region, layer or section from another region, layer or section. Unless the context clearly indicates, terms such as "first", "second" and other numerical terms do not imply order or sequence when used in the text. Therefore, the first element, component, region, layer or section discussed below can be referred to as the second element, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teaching of the example embodiments.
[0043] For ease of description, spatial relative terms may be used herein to describe the relationship of one element or feature relative to another element or feature as shown in the figure, such as "inside", "outside", "inner side", "outer side", "below", "below", "above", "above", etc. Such spatial relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figure. For example, if the device in the figure is turned over, then the elements described as "below other elements or features" or "below other elements or features" will subsequently be oriented as "above other elements or features" or "above other elements or features". Therefore, the example term "below..." can include both upper and lower orientations. The device can be oriented otherwise (rotated 90 degrees or in other directions) and the spatial relative descriptors used in the text are interpreted accordingly.
[0044] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a standardized method for open-pit coal mine blasting, and the standardized method for open-pit coal mine blasting includes:
[0045] S100: Determine the blasting target location and surrounding environment;
[0046] S200: Determine the blasting area according to the blasting target position and the surrounding environment;
[0047] S300: Determine a warning area according to the location of the blasting area;
[0048] S400: Install explosives and conduct blasting network;
[0049] S500: Start the blasting procedure based on the completion of the alert, the installation of the explosives, and the normal connection to the network;
[0050] S600: Perform safety check according to the end of blasting procedure;
[0051] S700: Based on the safety inspection results, it is safe, the alert is lifted and the explosives are cleared.
[0052] According to the standardized method for open-pit coal mine blasting in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the location of the blasting target and the surrounding environment of the blasting target are first determined, the blasting area is determined according to the location of the blasting target and the surrounding environment, and the warning area is determined according to the blasting area to ensure the safety of the blasting process; then the explosives are installed and the blasting network is connected, and based on the completion of the warning, the completion of the installation of the explosives, and the normal networking, it is determined that the blasting can be carried out, and the blasting procedure is started to ensure the success rate and safety of the blasting process; after the basic blasting procedure is completed, a safety inspection is carried out after the blasting, and based on the safety results of the safety inspection, the warning area is lifted, and the explosives are cleared and other cleaning work is carried out. The standardized method for open-pit coal mine blasting disclosed in the present invention determines the warning area according to the blasting area before the blasting procedure begins, and determines that the warning is completed. This process improves the safety of the blasting process and reduces the danger level of the blasting process; after the blasting procedure is completed, a safety inspection is carried out on the explosives and the blasting area after the explosion. After determining that the explosion and the blasting area are all safe, the warning area is lifted and the items after the explosion are cleared to ensure that the explosives after the blasting are not dangerous, avoid the explosives after the blasting to cause harm to the operating personnel or the public, improve the safety of the blasting process, and at the same time ensure the safety of the blasting area after the blasting, and avoid the collapse or collapse of the blasting area after the blasting. By warning the blasting area before the blasting and conducting a safety inspection on the blasting area and explosives after the blasting, the safety before and after the blasting is guaranteed, and the safety of the entire blasting process is improved.
[0053] It should be noted that the order of steps S300 and S400 in this embodiment can be swapped. Step S300 can be executed first and then step S400, or step S400 can be executed first and then step S300. The swap of the two steps has no effect on the entire blasting process.
[0054] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, S100: determining the blasting target location and surrounding environment specifically includes:
[0055] S110: Determine the geographical location and size of the blasting target;
[0056] S120: Determine the surrounding environment of the blasting target;
[0057] S130: Develop a blasting route based on the geographical location, size and surrounding environment of the blasting target.
[0058] Specifically, determine the geographical location and scope of the blasting target, that is, the depth and longitude and latitude of the blasting target and other geographical parameters; determine the surrounding environment of the blasting target, that is, determine the surrounding geology of the blasting target; formulate the blasting route according to the depth, longitude and latitude of the blasting target, scope and surrounding geology and other conditions. The blasting route is different for different blasting depth, longitude and latitude, scope, surrounding geology and other conditions, so as to achieve the purpose of saving costs and achieving ideal blasting effect.
[0059] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, S200: determining a blasting area according to a blasting target location and a surrounding environment, specifically includes:
[0060] Determine the blasting area where the blasting target is located based on the geographical location, range, surrounding environment and blasting route of the blasting target.
[0061] Specifically, the scope of the blasting area is determined according to the depth, longitude and latitude of the blasting target, the size of the blasting target, the surrounding geology of the blasting target and the blasting route.
[0062] S200: Determine the blasting area according to the blasting target location and the surrounding environment, and further include the following steps:
[0063] Identify dangerous points in the blasting area;
[0064] Determine the precautions for blasting areas;
[0065] Determine the specific blasting content in the blasting area.
[0066] According to the specific scope and geographical location of the blasting area, determine the dangerous points and things that need attention in the blasting area, inform the safety workers of safety matters and improve the safety of the blasting process; determine the specific blasting content of the blasting area, inform the safety workers of the specific work content and improve the smoothness of the blasting process.
[0067] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, S300: determining a warning area according to the location of the blasting area specifically includes:
[0068] According to the blasting area, the shallow hole loosening blasting technology is used to determine the minimum warning distance to be greater than or equal to 300 meters;
[0069] According to the deep hole loosening blasting technology used in the blasting area, the minimum warning distance is determined to be greater than or equal to 200 meters.
[0070] Specifically, according to the shallow hole loosening blasting technology used in the blasting area, the minimum warning distance of the blasting area is determined to be greater than or equal to 300 meters; according to the deep hole loosening technology used in the blasting area, the minimum warning area of the blasting area is determined to be greater than or equal to 200 meters. In other words, the warning range and warning points of the blasting area are clearly defined, and the location of the warning points can effectively prevent personnel and equipment from entering the warning area, thereby improving the safety of the blasting process.
[0071] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, S400: installing explosives and performing blasting networking specifically includes:
[0072] S410: installing a corresponding amount of explosives according to the volume of the blasting area;
[0073] S420: Connect to the blasting network and perform network inspection;
[0074] S430: According to the network check result being normal, it is determined that the network is connected.
[0075] Specifically, first determine the amount of explosives based on the volume of the determined blasting area, and install a certain amount of explosives; then check the connected network one by one from the working surface to the detonation point to ensure the reliability of the blasting process; and if the inspection results of the blasting network are normal, that is, there are no missed connections, wrong connections, etc., it is determined that the blasting network is connected and blasting can be carried out.
[0076] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, S410: installing a corresponding amount of explosives according to the volume of the blasting area specifically includes:
[0077] Determine the amount of explosives to be used based on the volume of the blasting area;
[0078] The explosives are packed into the blastholes by a blasthole packing machine.
[0079] Specifically, the amount of explosives to be used is determined based on the volume, geographical parameters and surrounding geology of the blasting area, wherein the geographical parameters include depth, longitude and latitude, etc. After the amount of explosives to be used is determined, the explosives need to be filled into the blastholes, specifically, the explosives are filled into the blastholes by a blasthole packing machine to improve the safety of the filling.
[0080] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the particle size of the explosive is less than or equal to 40 mm. The particle size of the explosive filled into the blasthole by the blasthole plugging machine needs to be less than or equal to 40 mm to ensure safety during the explosive filling process.
[0081] Before the step of filling the blasthole with explosives by a blasthole packing machine, it is necessary to obtain civilian explosives and then transport the explosives to the blasting area so that the explosives can be filled into the blastholes.
[0082] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, S600: performing a safety check according to the end of the blasting procedure, specifically including:
[0083] S610: After a predetermined time has passed since the blasting, enter the blasting area;
[0084] S620: Check whether there are blind shots in the explosion in the blasting area, the forward extension of the blast pile, the safety of personnel and equipment, flying rocks, accumulation of explosives, rear settlement, and the condition of dangerous rocks and buildings on the surrounding slopes.
[0085] After the blasting is over, there will be some objects left after the explosion at the blasting site. At the same time, there may be some gravel or rock cracks in the blasting area after the blasting. Therefore, after the blasting is over, it is necessary to conduct a safety inspection of the blasting area. Since there may be some dangers in the blasting area after the blasting, it is necessary to wait until it is determined that the blasting area is temporarily safe before entering the blasting area. Specifically, after the blasting is over, wait for a predetermined time before entering the blasting area to ensure the safety of the safety inspectors.
[0086] S610: After a predetermined time after the blasting, entering the blasting area specifically includes:
[0087] As there is no blind shot in the blasting area, enter the blasting area 5 minutes after blasting;
[0088] As it was not determined whether there was a blind shot in the blasting area, we entered the blasting area 15 minutes after the blasting.
[0089] Specifically, based on the fact that there is no blind shot in the blasting area after the blasting, the blasting area is preliminarily judged to be safe. After waiting for 5 minutes, the blasting area is entered for inspection. When it is uncertain whether there is a blind shot in the blasting area, it is difficult to determine whether the blasting area is safe. At this time, it is necessary to wait for more time to ensure the safety of the safety inspectors. Specifically, wait for 15 minutes before entering the blasting area.
[0090] After the blasting is completed, enter the blasting area to check whether there are blind shots in the blasting area, whether the gun pile is extending forward, whether the personnel and equipment are safe, whether there are flying rocks, whether the accumulation of explosives meets the requirements, whether the rear row settlement meets the requirements, whether the dangerous rocks on the surrounding slopes meet the requirements, and whether the surrounding buildings meet the requirements, so as to determine whether it is safe after the blasting.
[0091] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, safety after blasting is determined based on the fact that there are no blind shots in the blasting area, the gun pile has no forward extension or the forward extension of the gun pile meets the safety requirements, personnel safety, equipment safety, no flying rocks, the shape, size, and looseness of the explosive accumulation all meet the safety requirements, the rear row settlement is good or meets the safety requirements, the surrounding slope dangerous rocks are good or meet the safety requirements, and the buildings meet the safety requirements.
[0092] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, S700: based on the safety inspection result, the alert is lifted and the explosives are cleared.
[0093] Specifically, according to the safety inspection results, it is determined that the alert can be lifted and the explosives can be cleared. In order to ensure the success of the blasting, there will be a certain amount of surplus explosives. After the blasting is completed, the remaining explosives need to be cleared to the collection point to ensure safety.
[0094] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, after S700, the following steps are further included:
[0095] Evaluation of blasting effects.
[0096] Specifically, the assessment staff evaluates the effect of the blasting to determine whether the blasting effect meets the requirements.
[0097] It is to be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments used to illustrate the principles of the present disclosure, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For those of ordinary skill in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and substance of the present disclosure, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.
Claims
1. A standardized method for open-pit coal mine blasting, characterized in that: The standardized method for open pit coal mine blasting includes: Determine the blasting target location and surrounding environment; Determine the blasting area based on the blasting target location and surrounding environment; Determine the warning area based on the location of the blasting area; Plant explosives and conduct blasting network; Start the blasting procedure when the alert is complete, the explosives are installed, and the network is normal; Conduct safety inspection upon completion of blasting procedures; According to the safety inspection results, it is safe, the alert is lifted, and the explosives are cleared.
2. The standardized method for open-pit coal mine blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: Determining the blasting target location and surrounding environment specifically includes: Determine the geographical location and size of the blasting target; Determine the surrounding environment of the blasting target; The blasting route is formulated based on the geographical location, size and surrounding environment of the blasting target.
3. The standardized method for open-pit coal mine blasting according to claim 2, characterized in that: Determining the blasting area according to the blasting target location and the surrounding environment specifically includes: Determine the blasting area where the blasting target is located based on the geographical location, range, surrounding environment and blasting route of the blasting target.
4. The standardized method for open-pit coal mine blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: Determining the warning area according to the location of the blasting area specifically includes: According to the blasting area, the shallow hole loosening blasting technology is used to determine the minimum warning distance to be greater than or equal to 300 meters; According to the deep hole loosening blasting technology used in the blasting area, the minimum warning distance is determined to be greater than or equal to 200 meters.
5. The standardized method for open-pit coal mine blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The installation of explosives and blasting networking specifically include: Install the corresponding amount of explosives according to the volume of the blasting area; Connect to the blasting network and perform network inspection; If the network check result is normal, confirm that the network is connected.
6. The standardized method for open-pit coal mine blasting according to claim 5, characterized in that: The installation of a corresponding amount of explosives according to the volume of the blasting area specifically includes: Determine the amount of explosives to be used based on the volume of the blasting area; The explosives are packed into the blastholes by a blasthole packing machine.
7. The standardized method for open-pit coal mine blasting according to claim 6, characterized in that: The particle size of the explosive is less than or equal to 40 mm.
8. The standardized method for open-pit coal mine blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: According to the blasting procedure, a safety check is carried out, which specifically includes: After a predetermined time has passed since the blasting, enter the blasting area; Check whether there are blind shots in the explosion area, the forward extension of the gun pile, the safety of personnel and equipment, flying rocks, accumulation of explosives, rear settlement, and the condition of dangerous rocks and buildings on the surrounding slopes.
9. The standardized method for open-pit coal mine blasting according to claim 8, characterized in that: After a predetermined time after the blasting, entering the blasting area specifically includes: As there is no blind shot in the blasting area, enter the blasting area 5 minutes after blasting; As it was not determined whether there was a blind shot in the blasting area, we entered the blasting area 15 minutes after the blasting.
10. The standardized method for open-pit coal mine blasting according to claim 8, characterized in that: Safety after blasting is determined based on the fact that there are no blind shots in the blasting area, the blasting pile does not extend forward, personnel are safe, equipment is safe, flying rocks are safe, the explosive volume is well accumulated, the rear row is well settled, the surrounding slopes are well dangerous, and the buildings are in good condition.